This document provides learning objectives and discussion questions for studying Part One of a novel called Trash Novel. The objectives are to comprehend plot details, consider how suspense is developed, understand character development, and identify literary devices. It then provides discussion questions for 6 chapters, asking students to analyze aspects like point of view, character traits, themes, foreshadowing, and settings. Students are asked to complete character studies of characters like Gardo and Raphael by finding supporting evidence in the chapters.
This presentation introduces students to the classical definition of tragedy. After the presentation--and after reading Macbeth--the students prepare a debate on whether Macbeth is really a tragedy by the classical definition.
This presentation introduces students to the classical definition of tragedy. After the presentation--and after reading Macbeth--the students prepare a debate on whether Macbeth is really a tragedy by the classical definition.
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An old powerpoint from highschool for higher level IB engilsh. A doll's house is one of my favorite plays so if you're trying to cheat your way from reading it I'll be mad. Read it, it's awesome. And yes, the characters are excruciatingly whiny and obnoxious and all remind me of my sister. Hope it helps!
Brief overview of the freedom ride in Australia led by Charles Perkins to highlight racism and segregation in Australia in 1963, and following on from the example of the Freedom Riders in America.
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Comprehend the plot detail and development of narrative
• Consider how suspense is developed in fiction
• Understand how writers develop characters in fiction and consider the effect on readers
• Identify and describe plot and language devices including foreshadowing, imagery
(metaphors, similes, personification), oxymoron, colloquial language, neologism (stuppa /
stupp), setting, direct and indirect speech.
3. PART ONE: CHAPTER ONE
1. The novel is written in first person. Give three examples from chapter one of this style of
narrative. What tense is it written in?
2. Mulligan uses two types of speech. One is free indirect speech – where the reader can hear
the voice of the character speaking but it is not directly spoken, or quoted in speech marks. The
other is direct speech, which the author indicates through the use of speech marks. Which
form of speech is mostly used in chapter one? Give 3 short examples or EACH form of speech.
3. The word for human muck is “_______”?
4. On page 3, Raphael says there are many things difficult to get in “our sweet city” and that too
many people don’t have toilets. What tone of voice do you think he is using? What is the
meaning of the phrase “sweet city” in this context?
5. To illustrate the horrific state of the city’s rubbish, Raphael explains how much human
excrement is in the trash. He also says there is “piles and piles of it … trucks and trains never
stop, and nor do we. Crawl and crawl, and sort and sort”. What is the effect of the compound
sentences here?
6. On page 4, Mulligan uses proper nouns to continue his illustration of the setting. Identify 3 of
these. How do they make the setting even more believable?
4. CHAPTER ONE
1. Pg 4 – Raphael smiles at visitors and encourages their questions by replying “Sometimes,
sir! Sometimes, ma’am!”. How does his direct speech contrast his real meaning which is
written in italics? Why does Raphael not tell the truth?
2. How effective is the first section of chapter one (pgs 3-5)? What does this section achieve
for the reader?
3. How does the second section of the chapter build on the first?
4. There is only one line in chapter one that reveals a mystery. What is that line? Why is it
not developed on in chapter one? Note: this is an example of foreshadowing. What does
it tell us is going to happen? How does it build suspense?
HOMEWORK
Read all of Part 1 (chapters 1-6)
Write a summary of each chapter (8-10 lines for
each summary)
5.
6. CHAPTER TWO
1. Begins with a rhetorical question which is _____________________?
2. Raphael uses an oxymoron to describe the day “the world turned upside down”. What is the oxymoron?
3. Mulligan choses to describe the trash piles using ‘mountain’ imagery. Identify the metaphor on pg 8 that
continues this imagery. What effect does it have on our understanding of the place Raphael lives and on the
person he is?
4. “With a view of the sea.” What might be important about this quote?
5. List 3 similarities and 3 differences between Raphael and Gardo.
6. What is a ‘special’?
7. Name 3 countries in the world that use ‘pesos’ as their currency.
8. What do we find out about Jose Angelico? How does Mulligan’s writing make us think this character might
be of importance?
9. List the objects that Raphael found in the leather bag.
10. Find two quotes that make you think a ‘key’ is a meaningful symbol in this story. Explain in your own words
what it might symbolise? In what way does it foreshadow events to come?
7. CHAPTER THREE
1. How are the police described in this chapter? Find 4 quotes and explain what each of them
shows us about the police.
2. How do the dumpsite people feel about the police?
3. Why do you think the police have to offer money to get the citizens to co-operate with them? Is
it just that these people are poor or is it something else? Does this happen in NZ?
4. What stops Raphael from putting his hand up and saying he found the bag the police are
looking for?
5. Give two quotes that show Gardo and Raphael trying hard to charm the policeman. Why do
they do this? What does it say about the relationship people in Behala have with the police?
6. Why is Raphael’s auntie so anxious?
7. What is the example of foreshadowing on page 19?
8. Explain the difference between Gardo and Raphael’s attitude to the policeman’s interest in
Raphael.
8. CHAPTER 4
1. This chapter powerfully illustrates the immense size and grotesque reality of living in a
dumpsite. Quote which three descriptions or images from Raphael’s narrative you find the
most vivid and emotive, explain why.
2. Quickly re-read this chapter (by skimming and scanning), then write an account of what
happened from Rat’s perspective. Aim for 250-300 words.
10. CHAPTER 4 – CHARACTER STUDY- JUN JUN
Things about Jun-Jun’s physical
appearance that make him seem like a rat.
Things about Jun-Jun’s situation that
make him seem like a rat.
12. CHAPTER 5
1. Who narrates this chapter?
2. What difference between Gardo and Raphael do we find out from page 31.
3. What does the expression ‘hand to mouth’ mean? Pg 32
4. If you were Raphael, how would you feel watching the many police cars, government cars,
then 26 rubbish trucks all turning up and waiting because you are holding onto the bag
they are all looking for?
5. What quote on pg 34 shows how Raphael is feeling?
6. How many pesos did each person earn that day?
13. CHARACTER STUDY – GARDO
In your groups, annotate
a sketch of Gardo with
quotes regarding the
following 4 points.
1. His physical
appearance
2. His behaviour
3. Things that he says
4. Things that others say
about him.
How does an author allow
us to understand
characters in novels?
Complete the task to the
right
by skimming and scanning
through chapters 1-5.
Extension: consider the
evidence you have found
out about Gardo – now
describe why he is an
interesting character, and
what you have inferred
about his personality and
nature. You could begin
with “Gardo is an
interesting character
because …”
14. CHAPTER 6
1. Name 4 specific things that the boys are now worried about as they make their way to
Central Station.
2. How does the author successfully build suspense in this chapter? What makes it so
exciting? Read this guide to creating suspense in fiction, and then comment on which
ones Mulligan has used in Part One of his novel – giving examples as you go.
3. At the end of this chapter Rat retrieves a package from locker 101. What new mysteries
does this package present the boys, and therefore the readers? Make a list of the things
a reader will want to know at this point in the fiction.
15. CHARACTER STUDY - RAPHAEL
• Raphael narrates 5 of the 6 chapters in Part One. Why? Does this make him the most
significant character in the story? Give a reason why or why not.
• Work in groups of 4 – each person focus on ONE aspect below -skim/scan Part One for
evidence. You should find at least 6 quotes – include the page number of the quote.
MUST find 5 quotes, SHOULD find 6 quotes, COULD find 7-8 quotes
Physical
appearance
What others
say about
him.
What he
says (direct
or indirect
speech)
Behaviour
and actions