1. * GB780047 (A)
Description: GB780047 (A) ? 1957-07-31
Improvements in and relating to textile ring spinning or ring twisting
machines
Description of GB780047 (A)
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The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data
and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in
particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete,
up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.
PATENT SPECIFICATION
Inventor: HELLMUTH HDLICH 780,047 Date of Application and filing
Complete Specification: March 17, 1955.
No. 7816/55.
Complete Specification Published: July 31, 1957.
Index at acceptance:--Classes 12(1), A(6B: 6C: 20); and 120(2), D2B(1:
3: 13), D2K, D2L(SC:
5F: 6).
International Classification:-DO2d. F06c.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in and relating to Textile Ring Spinning or Ring Twisting
Machines We, VEB SpiNN- UND ZWIRNEREIMASCHINENBAU KARL-MARX-STADT, of
8, Uirchenstrasse, Karl-Marx-Stadt 31, Germany, a Nationalised
Corporation organised under the laws of Eastern Germany, do hereby
declare, the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted

2. to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be
particularly described in and by the following statement:This
invention relates to textile ring spinning and ring twisting machines
of the kind, wherein the spinning- or twisting ring is driven by an
electro-motor. The arrangement of the invention is particularly
advantageously used in the ring spinning and ring twisting of rayon
and other synthetic fibres.
Known textile ring spinning-and ring twisting frames, disregarding
their constructional differences all operate according to the same
method. The thread material is drawn through a ring traveller, which
is suspended on the spinning- or twisting ring so as to be smoothly
slidable. On rotation of the winding spindle the thread is wound onto
a bobbin and owing to the corresponding thread tension the traveller
on the spinning- or twisting ring, rotates around the rotating bobbin
spindle. The speed of rotation, however, is not synchronous to the
rotation of the spindle, but a slip occurs which is so great that. the
thread length supplied from the supply frame is wound up. The spinning
or twisting ring is the guide means for the traveller while it
encircles the bobbin and the friction occurs between the traveller and
the spinning or twisting ring acts a braking force and imparts to the
thread the necessary tension. The friction depends on the pressure
which is caused by the speed of rotation and the weight of the
traveller. The rings and travellers therefore have to be adapted to
the material which is to be twisted in order to obtain efficient
operation. In spite of the fact that selected materials are used for
ring and traveller, a speed of rotation of the traveller [Price 3s.
6d.] in known frames of only slightly more than 30m/sec can be
obtained. At higher speeds of rotation the thread tension becomes so
great, owing to the friction between the 50 traveller and the
spinning- or twisting ring, that thread breakages occur and economical
working is thus no longer possible. In addition thereto the traveller
becomes so hot that the quality of the hardening of the metal is 55
impaired and early wear of the spinning- or twisting ring and of the
traveller occurs. It has therefore been proposed to decrease the
friction byrotatingalsothe spinning- ortwisting ring. Whilst this has
resulted in decrease 60 of the friction it has the disadvantage that
the thread tension is also decreased. However, the driving arrangement
which is effected by means of belts, causes difficulties. In
accordance with a further proposal the drive 65 has been effected by
means of air turbines whereby the mounting problem was solved at the
same time by suggesting an air- or magnet bearing. However, inventions
based on this principle are not practicable for the reason 70 that the
consumption of compressed air is so high that the increase in output
obtained by the increased speed is negatived by the high costs of the

3. apparatus.
Further, a drive by means of electromotor 75 has been proposed. The
constructions proposed, are however impracticable since the desired
close spacing between adjacent spindles cannot be maintained, because
of the space requirements of the motors. The increased output on the
one hand is negatived by the larger constructional length of the
frames on the other hand. The spindles employed can only be used until
a certain number of revolutions is reached. The known 85 plain bearing
spindles are only suitable for low speeds. The commonly used ball- and
roller bearing spindles can be used for considerably higher speeds of
rotation but are subject to considerable wear. 9OD The known spindles
having a concentrically disposed driving motor have been proven to be
very useful but at high speeds they can only be run for a relatively
short time since the ball- and roller bearings used in this
construction do not withstand the great strain.
As a further drawback it has been found that on using very high speeds
of revolution the thread balloon between the twisting traveller and
the thread guide became so great that it brushed against the balloon
catchers during rotation and together with the air friction the thread
tension increased to such a degree that - thread breakages occurred.
The present invention provides various improvements which are
applicable in particular s15 to textile ring spinning or ring twisting
machines.
According to one particular feature the invention provides a spindle
for a textile ring spinning or ring twisting machine comprising an
electric motor, a bobbin spindle extending axially through said
electric motor and connected in driving engagement with the rotor of
the electric motor the end of said bobbin spindle on one side of the
motor being mJunted in a bearing, means being provided on the opposite
side of the motor for centralising the bobbin spindle in relation to
the motor axis such means consisting of a disc of magnetic material
secured to the bobbin spindle and a magnet arranged concentrically
with said disc. centralisation of the bobbin spindle when rotating
resulting from the combined action of the centrifugal force of the
disc and a magnetic field set up by the magnet.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood several
embodiments thereof are illustrated. by way of example only. in the
accompanying drawings in which:Figure 1 is a longitudinal section
through a ring rail with a twisting ring, driven by means of an
electric motor:
Figure 2 shows a section through the driving arrangement for the
co-rotating twisting rings along the line A-B of Figure 1:
Figure 3 is a section through a bearing of the driving arrangement for
the co-rotating twisting rings along the line C-D of Figure 1; Figure

4. 4 is a longitudinal section through the electro-spindle with magnet
bearing; Figure 5 is a fragmentary view of Figure I illustrating on
larger scale the carrying bearing on the rotating body of the spindle
or twisting ring unit; Figure 6 is a longitudinal section through the
carrying bearing with lower spindle end:
Figure 7 is a top view of Figure 6 without spindle and Figure 8 is an
axial section through a modified construction of spindle.
The upper magnets 2 with intermediate disc 3 and stator 4 with winding
5 as well as the lower magnets 6 are secured to the ring rail 1. The
spinning or twisting ring 7 is secured to a rotating body 8 so as to
be easily interchangeable. The rotor 9 is secured to the rotating body
8 along its circumference.
The short-circuited winding is indicated by 70 reference numeral 10. A
disc 12 which is preferably made from pressed material is fastened to
the circumference of the lower portion 11 of the rotating body 8. The
ring 13 which is secured to the lower portion 11 7S of the rotating
body 8 provides a pole piece associated with lower magnet 6 and both
together constitute the lower magnetic bearing of the rotating body 8.
The upper portion 14 of the rotating body 8 provides a pole 80 piece
associated with the upper magnet 2 which upper portion merges into the
stronger cross-sectional area portion 15. A domed cover 16 is
detachably secured to the upper portion 14 of the rotating body 8. A
ring 17 85 which is fastened to the circumference of the carrying- and
centering magnet 18 serves as opposite pole for the latter. A further
spinning or twisting ring 20 is arranged at the upper opening 19 of
the cover 16 or the opening 19 is formed as a thread guide. As shown
in Figure 2 the stator 4 is constructed to provide web portions 21
which act as the fields of the motors of adjacent rings. The
individual driving units are enclosed in a casing 9S 22 which is
secured to the ring rail 1 a portion only of the casing being shown in
Figure 1. In Figure 2 the grooves for the winding 5 are indicated by
reference numeral 23 and those for the winding 10 by reference numeral
100 24. Figure 3 illustrates a section through the lower magnet 6.
Reference numeral 25 indicates pole pieces on the magnet 6 on which
are mounted coils 26 which upon energisation excite the magnet 6. As
shown in Figure 105S a ball bearing race rine 39 is inserted in the
ring rail 1 and halls 41 which are held in a cage 40 and a collar 42
fixed to the rotating body 8 serve jointly to support the rotating
body S when in its position of rest and during 110 starting and
slowing down.
A winding spindle suitable for use in conjunction with the twisting
ring arrangement described above is shown in Figure 4. In this
construction the lower end 28 of, the 115 spindle 27 is conically
shaped and mounted in a bearing 29 of particularly wearable material

5. while as small a friction surface as possible is obtained by
preferably truncating the apex 30 of the cone or making the same 120
spherical.
The spindle 27 is driven by an electric motor consisting of a stator
32 fixed within the casing 31 while the rotor 33 is carried by the
spindle 27. The casing 31 is secured to 125 the spindle rail 34 in any
desired manner, preferably by g cap nut 35 to which the spindle hook
36 is secured. A particularly strong disc 37 is secured to and mounted
on the spindle 27. above the spindle rail 34, which 130 780.047 the
magnets 38, 6, 2, 18 and the associated pole pieces 37, 13, 14, 17 is
smaller than the atir gap between the stator and rotor of the driving
motors.
By arranging the driving motor for the 70 spindle 27 directly above
the bearing at the lower end 28 of the spindle 27 and by suitably
arranging the magnet 38 in relation thereto any slight eccentricity of
rotation on starting the spindle has no effect on the driving motor.
During the winding operation the thread is drawn through the twisting
traveller on the spinning- or twisting ring 7 and the thread' forms a
balloon which is, limited by the inner 80 wall of the cover 16 the
thread also, being drawn through a further twisting traveller on the
second, smaller spinning- or twisting ring 20. In view of the fact
that for the purpose of obtaining a satisfactory thread tensioning 85
during the twisting operation, a certain friction has to be effected
between the twisting traveller and the spinning- or twisting ring, the
number of revolutions of the rotating body 8 with its spinning- or
twisting ring 7 90 and the cover 16 is smaller than the number
revolutions of the spindle 27. The relative speeds of rotation of the
spinning or twisting rings and the winding spindles can be obtained
for example by controlling the motor 95 of the spindle 27 by a
double-pole switch, the motor of the spinning- or twisting ring being
controlled by a four-pole switch. At high winding speeds however both
motors are preferably controlled by a double-pole switch 100 the
difference in speed being obtained by operating the motor of the
twisting ring with a slip which is relatively greater than that of
the-motor of the spindle 27. This mode of operation has the advantage
that for the driving of both motors electric energy, in particular
energy of the same frequency, preferably from the same source, is
used. In case the motors of the spindle 27 and the spinningor twisting
rings have to be put out of operation, a rapid braking can be effected
by supplying direct current or alternating current as eddy current to
both motors by means of combined change-over switches which shut down
both units within a very short time. 115 When the bobbin on the
spindle 27 is completely wound the driving units are stopped in the
described manner. After releasing the locking device the cover 16 is

6. removed, the wound bobbin is interchanged for an empty 120 one and the
next winding operation commenced. It is not necessary to replace the
cover 16 for each twisting operation. Depending on individual
requirements the cover 16 can be left off. In this case the magnets
120 18 are switched off. Since there exists the danger that during a
slight eccentric rotation of the rotating members, adhesion of these
rotating members to the spindles and corotating twisting ring occurs,
layers 65 of 130 disc serves as a pole piece which is suw rounded by a
centering magnet 38. The disc 37 has a bobbin locating spigot 37a, the
disc and spigot either being formed integral as shown or separately
from one another. As shown in Figures 6 and 7 the bearing 29 consists
preferably of three segmental parts 43, 44 and 45, which are fitted
together in an exact manner and form a circular unit. The under
surface of the circular unit has a recess 47. The segmental parts 43,
44 and 45 are provided respectively with a flat surface 49, 50,51.
These flat surfaces are disposed at an angle to the vertical so that
when the parts are assembled a central aperture in the form of an
inverted pyramid is formed and provides a bearing recess for the ball
end 53 of the spindle 27. The ball end 53 may be detachable from the
spindle 27. Bores 52 are provided in each segmental part for the
passage of lubricant which is contained within a recess 54 formed in
the upper surface of the circular unit.
Figure 8 shows a modified construction of winding spindle, the
mounting and motor drive ot which are identical with the arrangeTents
disclosed in connection with Figures 4, C and 7. The bobbin holder 56
mounted on the spindle 27 has a spigot portion 66 and a flange portion
59 the latter providing a flywheel mass. An annular recess 57 is
provided in the flange 59 in which is located an annular magnet 62
detachably connected to a fitting 63 carried by the upper end 55 of
the casing 31. The magnet winding 64 is arranged in grooves provided
in the upper and lower faces of the annular magnet 62, while annular
layers 65 of non-magnetic material are located in further grooves in
the outer and -40 inner surfaces thereof which prevent adhesion of the
bobbin holder 56 to the magnet 62.
The operation of a machine having a winding spindle as disclosed in
Figure 4 and ring arrangement as disclosed in Figures. 1, 2, 3 and 5
is as follows: - The thread to be twisted is fed to the twisting
spindle in known manner from the drawing- or supply frame.
The motors of the twisting spindle are started preferably by means of
star-delta switches.
When a predetermined speed has been obtained the spindle balances
itself owing to centrifugal force of the disc 37, the magnet 38
associated with the spindle, and the mag$5 nets 6, 2 and 18 associated
with the ring are switched on. The resulting magnetic field which

7. builds up instantaneously by the magnet 38 centralises the spindle 27.
The field of magnetic force set up by magnets 38, 6 and -60 18 and
their associated pole pieces causes a slight lifting of the rotating
body 8 while the collar 42 is slightly lifted from the balls 41 of the
carrying bearing. The entire rotating body 8 thus rotates freely
suspended within the magnetic fields. The air gaps between
780,947 non-magnetic material are provided on the magnets, as shown in
Figure 8, in such manner that said layers slightly project from the
magnets but only to such an extent that the flow of magnetic force is
not decreased.
As shown in Figures 6 and 7 by way of example the lubrication of the
spindle is effected in such a manner that during operation of the
spindle 27 the lubricant in the recess 54, is hurled against the inner
wall of the recess on increasing speed of rotation, with the result
that the lubricant is forced through the bores 52 into the lower
recess 47. There an excess pressure occurs which tends to dissipate
itself, so that the lubricant 54 rises without resistance upwardly
through the bore 48 to lubricate the spindle end and return to the
recess 54 for reuse. With a view to preventing the rising of the
lubricant along the spindle, the conical part 28 of the spindle is
preferably provided with a slight tapering in the manner of a hollow
throat-like member (not shown). If the spinning- or twisting rings and
the travellers and the other moving members of the device are
lubricated with grease or oil the danger exists that the threaa
material may become soiled or that, in particular during wet-spinning,
emulsions are formed owing to the water carried along with the thread,
and the lubricating film thus breaks. Moreover, owing to evaporation
of light components of the lubricants and the deposition of the former
on the surfaces of the machine members, fibre fluff and dust easily
settles on the machine members. With a view to avoiding this drawback,
colloidal lubricants preferably colloidal dry lubricants are employed
for the lubrication of the spinning- or twisting rings and the
travellers as well as of the spindle. Finely dispersed, colloidal
lubricants possess the characteristic firmly to unite with the object
to which they have been applied, preferably by means of a brush, in
such a manner that they cannot be removed any more after sliding
friction of smooth surfaces so that practically no metal to metal
contact occurs. Since the friction heat between the engaged metal
surfaces in this case is known to be greater, the casings for the
spindle and the twisting- or spinning motor are provided with cooling
ribs.
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