This document summarizes CRP 5, which aims to improve livelihoods and food security through solutions to water scarcity and land degradation. It outlines the development challenges addressed, goals and objectives. It then describes "best bets" or solutions across various areas like rainfed and irrigated systems, wastewater, river basins, groundwater, pastoral systems and ecosystems. For each area, it provides expected outputs and outcomes over 3-6 years. It also describes the proposed governance structure and budgets, indicating impact areas in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and South/West Asia, and key partners led by IWMI.
Durable Solutions to Water Scarcity and Land Degradation, covering issues such as Rainfed:improving soil fertility,land and water management. Irrigation:revitalizing irrigation in Africa and Asia. Wastewater:recovering nutrients and other resources from solid and liquid waste streams. Basins:Managing water and land resources in major agricultural river basins in ways that meet the needs of people and ecosystems
Presented by Olufunke Cofie at the National WASH Action Plan Research and Capacity Building Agenda Setting Workshop in Abuja, Nigeria on February 17-18, 2020.
This document discusses institutionalizing water accounting. It provides an overview of the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), which conducts research to generate innovative water solutions for sustainable development. The document then discusses what water accounting is, including that it systematically assesses water supply, demand, distribution, accessibility and use. It notes water accounting can inform water management and governance. Key elements of water accounting discussed include temporal and spatial scales and scope. The document emphasizes that water accounting can help answer policy questions and increase transparency in water management. It outlines potential users and benefits of water accounting reports and information. Finally, it discusses adding momentum to institutionalizing water accounting through water regulations and policies.
This webinar was jointly organized by the African Union (AU), the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and The World Bank on October 15, 2020. More info: http://bit.ly/IDAWM20
Presented by IWMI's Winston Yu at the WASAG Working Group on Agricultural Water Use Workshop, led by IWMI, held in CIHEAM-Bari, Valenzano, Italy, on February 25, 2020.
1. The Need for a Watershed Approach to Restore Land and its Hydrologic Funct...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
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Drylands Development (DryDev) project, implemented by ICRAF with funding from the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Maimbo Malesu, Alex Oduor, Elsabijn Koelman, Ronald Ngetich, Emmanuel Fondo and Francis Nyambariga
Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services and Water Conserving Measures for Agricultur...FAO
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The presentation by Prof. Bancy Mati (Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology) discusses the role of water ecosystem services in agricultural production, and presents best management practices examples for water conservation. The presentation builds on a Technical Guidance Document on âMainstreaming ecosystem services and biodiversity in agricultural production and management in East Africaâ, published by FAO in 2016, and was given at a national training workshops for stakeholders involved in the revision of the Kenya NBSAP that was held at ICRAF in Nairobi, 25-26 May 2016. More information on the event are available at: www.fao.org/africa/news/detail-news/en/c/417489/
The activities were carried out under the EU-funded project âCapacity building related to Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) in Africa, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries â Phase 2â (ACP/MEAs2).
Š FAO: http://www.fao.org
Durable Solutions to Water Scarcity and Land Degradation, covering issues such as Rainfed:improving soil fertility,land and water management. Irrigation:revitalizing irrigation in Africa and Asia. Wastewater:recovering nutrients and other resources from solid and liquid waste streams. Basins:Managing water and land resources in major agricultural river basins in ways that meet the needs of people and ecosystems
Presented by Olufunke Cofie at the National WASH Action Plan Research and Capacity Building Agenda Setting Workshop in Abuja, Nigeria on February 17-18, 2020.
This document discusses institutionalizing water accounting. It provides an overview of the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), which conducts research to generate innovative water solutions for sustainable development. The document then discusses what water accounting is, including that it systematically assesses water supply, demand, distribution, accessibility and use. It notes water accounting can inform water management and governance. Key elements of water accounting discussed include temporal and spatial scales and scope. The document emphasizes that water accounting can help answer policy questions and increase transparency in water management. It outlines potential users and benefits of water accounting reports and information. Finally, it discusses adding momentum to institutionalizing water accounting through water regulations and policies.
This webinar was jointly organized by the African Union (AU), the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and The World Bank on October 15, 2020. More info: http://bit.ly/IDAWM20
Presented by IWMI's Winston Yu at the WASAG Working Group on Agricultural Water Use Workshop, led by IWMI, held in CIHEAM-Bari, Valenzano, Italy, on February 25, 2020.
1. The Need for a Watershed Approach to Restore Land and its Hydrologic Funct...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
Â
Drylands Development (DryDev) project, implemented by ICRAF with funding from the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Maimbo Malesu, Alex Oduor, Elsabijn Koelman, Ronald Ngetich, Emmanuel Fondo and Francis Nyambariga
Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services and Water Conserving Measures for Agricultur...FAO
Â
The presentation by Prof. Bancy Mati (Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology) discusses the role of water ecosystem services in agricultural production, and presents best management practices examples for water conservation. The presentation builds on a Technical Guidance Document on âMainstreaming ecosystem services and biodiversity in agricultural production and management in East Africaâ, published by FAO in 2016, and was given at a national training workshops for stakeholders involved in the revision of the Kenya NBSAP that was held at ICRAF in Nairobi, 25-26 May 2016. More information on the event are available at: www.fao.org/africa/news/detail-news/en/c/417489/
The activities were carried out under the EU-funded project âCapacity building related to Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) in Africa, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries â Phase 2â (ACP/MEAs2).
Š FAO: http://www.fao.org
This presentation focuses on watershed management which also takes climate change and the landscape approach into consideration. It shows measurements, drainage treatment, adaptive sustainable agriculture and much more.
The Relief Society of Tigray (REST) is an Ethiopian non-governmental organization established in 1978 to serve the people of Tigray. REST implements relief, rehabilitation, and development programs focused on sustainable natural resource management, water security, livelihood development, health, education, and women's empowerment. REST works through a participatory watershed management approach, establishing watershed committees and implementing initiatives like soil and water conservation, irrigation infrastructure, and livelihood packages. Key activities include treating upper watersheds, developing water sources, and sequentially linking natural resource rehabilitation to household asset building and sustainable development in Tigray.
Presentation by IWMI Kakhramon Djumaboev about the application of the water-food-energy nexus concept on transboundary rivers of Central Asia. Presented at the 10th anniversary PEER program on August 17, 2021
The Selva Lacandona region in Chiapas, Mexico contains diverse and threatened forest habitats that are important for biodiversity and watershed protection. Small-scale agriculture and cattle grazing have contributed to deforestation and land degradation. Through the Corredor Biologico Mesoamericano - Mexico initiative, public and private investments are coordinated to promote sustainable agricultural practices, conserve habitats, and increase farmers' access to incentives and technical support. Payments for ecosystem services also support forest protection and restoration. Combined, these efforts improve agricultural productivity and resilience while reducing environmental pressures, though barriers like poverty and lack of access to markets and information remain.
This document outlines the key challenges and proposed solutions for South Africa's water sector. On the supply side, challenges include lack of skills, water scarcity, runoff variability, limited resources, floods and droughts, and water quality issues. Solutions involve developing workforce training programs, resource augmentation, infrastructure improvements, and ecosystem rehabilitation. On the demand side, challenges are poverty, population growth, economic development, and insufficient recycling and conservation. Proposed solutions center around expanding access, integrated planning, incentives for alternative uses like reuse and desalination, and public education campaigns. The document stresses an integrated approach across supply and demand to promote water sector sustainability.
This document discusses strategies for achieving large-scale watershed management. It outlines the challenges of reaching nutrient reduction goals across large areas. The authors propose a theory of change involving defining scalable watershed units and developing necessary elements like human capital, social capital, watershed policies, and financing. Specific proposals include establishing watershed coordinators, building social networks, aligning goals with science, and ensuring diverse and stable funding. The document argues this framework could help watershed efforts scale up practices to significantly improve water quality.
International Network on Salt-Affected Soils (INSAS) and salinity mappingWASAG
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The Global Soil Partnership aims to promote sustainable soil management to ensure healthy and productive soils through awareness raising, capacity building, and knowledge sharing. Soil salinization is a major threat addressed by the Partnership, occurring in over 100 countries and exacerbated by climate change. The International Network of Salt-Affected Soils was created to facilitate sustainable management of these soils and support food security. It will develop reports on salt-affected soils and share best practices. The Partnership is also organizing a Global Symposium on Salt-Affected Soils in 2021 to discuss status, impacts, and solutions regarding soil salinization.
This document discusses opportunities and challenges for improving agricultural water management in Africa. It notes that food production needs to increase 60% to meet rising demand, yet only 4% of land is irrigated currently. Challenges include underperformance of rain-fed and irrigated systems, low investment, and inadequate governance. However, opportunities exist in developing underutilized water resources, expanding irrigation area, and increasing high-value crop production. Improving management requires building capacity at all levels as well as technologies, services, leadership, and integrated actions.
How to design your interventions to build sustainable and climate-resilient food production systems.
Presented at the Virtual forum. More information is available at https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/events/operationalizing-farmer-led-irrigation-development-at-scale/
This document discusses approaches to improving irrigation performance and water use in agriculture. It provides context on the importance of irrigation performance given population growth, changing diets, and water constraints. Key innovations that can improve performance are discussed for the farm/field level and system operations level, including laser land leveling, sprinkler systems, and use of new technologies. The document emphasizes that improving performance requires strengthening links between irrigation systems and farms, as well as leadership to set clear objectives, provide resources, and reward performance. Overall, better irrigation performance can reduce water diversions while enabling food security if it also increases farmers' livelihoods.
This document summarizes the keynote presentation on designing and planning for climate-smart communities given by Nancy Somerville and Neil Weinstein to the ASLA Blue Ribbon Panel on Climate Change and Resilience. The presentation outlines core principles and design approaches for creating healthy, climate-smart, and resilient communities. It recommends public policies that support approaches using green infrastructure, transit-oriented development, protection of natural systems and vulnerable communities, among others. The document provides an overview of the presentation content including climate adaptation challenges and opportunities for landscape architects.
1) The document discusses the concepts of irrigation efficiency and water productivity, noting important distinctions in their definitions, scales of analysis, and limitations.
2) It provides an example from Zhanghe Irrigation District in China where improvements to both on-farm water management and water allocation policies led to increased water productivity while maintaining agricultural output.
3) Key lessons are that strategies to improve water management need to consider perspectives of different water user groups and potential impacts at broader basin scales, and that multiple indicators of water productivity are needed to fully understand complex agricultural systems and trade-offs.
The document summarizes a meeting of the Group on Research Program (GRP) on Climate Change held on April 5, 2011 in Nairobi. The GRP focuses on adaptation and mitigation research related to climate change impacts on agroforestry systems. Key areas of research include impact assessment, adaptation strategies, and mitigation approaches such as carbon sequestration. Ongoing projects were also presented that examine topics like climate analogues, vulnerabilities, and greenhouse gas fluxes.
The Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative aims to improve watershed health through agricultural conservation practices. It focuses on reducing sediment and nutrient movement, restoring habitat and wetlands, and maintaining agricultural productivity. Currently there are 73 projects across 13 states implementing practices like nutrient management, cover crops, and erosion controls. Monitoring shows the program is achieving reductions in sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen movement of over 1.6 million pounds, 45,000 pounds, and 1.8 million pounds respectively between 2010-2015 through targeted conservation planning and implementation at the small watershed level.
The document summarizes the Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) research program. WLE aims to improve livelihoods and food security through sustainable agriculture within healthy ecosystems. It does this through targeted research in four priority regions and globally on issues like land degradation, resource management, and variability. The research portfolio focuses on information systems, rainfed and irrigated farming, resource recovery and reuse, and basin management. It also integrates cross-cutting themes of gender, poverty, institutions, and ecosystem services into all projects. The document provides details on research areas and opportunities to engage or partner with the WLE program.
WLE â Presentation for Discussion with Donors and Partners â June 2013CGIAR
Â
This document summarizes the work of the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) led by IWMI. It discusses the challenges facing global food production related to food security, resource exploitation, and climate change. The WLE program seeks a paradigm shift to sustainable intensification that prioritizes people and nature. It outlines targeted interventions in irrigated and rainfed farming systems, resource recovery and reuse, and river basins. Key goals are improving productivity, incomes, and resilience through equitable access to natural resources and ecosystem services. Game changing research questions and solutions are presented for various focal regions.
This presentation focuses on watershed management which also takes climate change and the landscape approach into consideration. It shows measurements, drainage treatment, adaptive sustainable agriculture and much more.
The Relief Society of Tigray (REST) is an Ethiopian non-governmental organization established in 1978 to serve the people of Tigray. REST implements relief, rehabilitation, and development programs focused on sustainable natural resource management, water security, livelihood development, health, education, and women's empowerment. REST works through a participatory watershed management approach, establishing watershed committees and implementing initiatives like soil and water conservation, irrigation infrastructure, and livelihood packages. Key activities include treating upper watersheds, developing water sources, and sequentially linking natural resource rehabilitation to household asset building and sustainable development in Tigray.
Presentation by IWMI Kakhramon Djumaboev about the application of the water-food-energy nexus concept on transboundary rivers of Central Asia. Presented at the 10th anniversary PEER program on August 17, 2021
The Selva Lacandona region in Chiapas, Mexico contains diverse and threatened forest habitats that are important for biodiversity and watershed protection. Small-scale agriculture and cattle grazing have contributed to deforestation and land degradation. Through the Corredor Biologico Mesoamericano - Mexico initiative, public and private investments are coordinated to promote sustainable agricultural practices, conserve habitats, and increase farmers' access to incentives and technical support. Payments for ecosystem services also support forest protection and restoration. Combined, these efforts improve agricultural productivity and resilience while reducing environmental pressures, though barriers like poverty and lack of access to markets and information remain.
This document outlines the key challenges and proposed solutions for South Africa's water sector. On the supply side, challenges include lack of skills, water scarcity, runoff variability, limited resources, floods and droughts, and water quality issues. Solutions involve developing workforce training programs, resource augmentation, infrastructure improvements, and ecosystem rehabilitation. On the demand side, challenges are poverty, population growth, economic development, and insufficient recycling and conservation. Proposed solutions center around expanding access, integrated planning, incentives for alternative uses like reuse and desalination, and public education campaigns. The document stresses an integrated approach across supply and demand to promote water sector sustainability.
This document discusses strategies for achieving large-scale watershed management. It outlines the challenges of reaching nutrient reduction goals across large areas. The authors propose a theory of change involving defining scalable watershed units and developing necessary elements like human capital, social capital, watershed policies, and financing. Specific proposals include establishing watershed coordinators, building social networks, aligning goals with science, and ensuring diverse and stable funding. The document argues this framework could help watershed efforts scale up practices to significantly improve water quality.
International Network on Salt-Affected Soils (INSAS) and salinity mappingWASAG
Â
The Global Soil Partnership aims to promote sustainable soil management to ensure healthy and productive soils through awareness raising, capacity building, and knowledge sharing. Soil salinization is a major threat addressed by the Partnership, occurring in over 100 countries and exacerbated by climate change. The International Network of Salt-Affected Soils was created to facilitate sustainable management of these soils and support food security. It will develop reports on salt-affected soils and share best practices. The Partnership is also organizing a Global Symposium on Salt-Affected Soils in 2021 to discuss status, impacts, and solutions regarding soil salinization.
This document discusses opportunities and challenges for improving agricultural water management in Africa. It notes that food production needs to increase 60% to meet rising demand, yet only 4% of land is irrigated currently. Challenges include underperformance of rain-fed and irrigated systems, low investment, and inadequate governance. However, opportunities exist in developing underutilized water resources, expanding irrigation area, and increasing high-value crop production. Improving management requires building capacity at all levels as well as technologies, services, leadership, and integrated actions.
How to design your interventions to build sustainable and climate-resilient food production systems.
Presented at the Virtual forum. More information is available at https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/events/operationalizing-farmer-led-irrigation-development-at-scale/
This document discusses approaches to improving irrigation performance and water use in agriculture. It provides context on the importance of irrigation performance given population growth, changing diets, and water constraints. Key innovations that can improve performance are discussed for the farm/field level and system operations level, including laser land leveling, sprinkler systems, and use of new technologies. The document emphasizes that improving performance requires strengthening links between irrigation systems and farms, as well as leadership to set clear objectives, provide resources, and reward performance. Overall, better irrigation performance can reduce water diversions while enabling food security if it also increases farmers' livelihoods.
This document summarizes the keynote presentation on designing and planning for climate-smart communities given by Nancy Somerville and Neil Weinstein to the ASLA Blue Ribbon Panel on Climate Change and Resilience. The presentation outlines core principles and design approaches for creating healthy, climate-smart, and resilient communities. It recommends public policies that support approaches using green infrastructure, transit-oriented development, protection of natural systems and vulnerable communities, among others. The document provides an overview of the presentation content including climate adaptation challenges and opportunities for landscape architects.
1) The document discusses the concepts of irrigation efficiency and water productivity, noting important distinctions in their definitions, scales of analysis, and limitations.
2) It provides an example from Zhanghe Irrigation District in China where improvements to both on-farm water management and water allocation policies led to increased water productivity while maintaining agricultural output.
3) Key lessons are that strategies to improve water management need to consider perspectives of different water user groups and potential impacts at broader basin scales, and that multiple indicators of water productivity are needed to fully understand complex agricultural systems and trade-offs.
The document summarizes a meeting of the Group on Research Program (GRP) on Climate Change held on April 5, 2011 in Nairobi. The GRP focuses on adaptation and mitigation research related to climate change impacts on agroforestry systems. Key areas of research include impact assessment, adaptation strategies, and mitigation approaches such as carbon sequestration. Ongoing projects were also presented that examine topics like climate analogues, vulnerabilities, and greenhouse gas fluxes.
The Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative aims to improve watershed health through agricultural conservation practices. It focuses on reducing sediment and nutrient movement, restoring habitat and wetlands, and maintaining agricultural productivity. Currently there are 73 projects across 13 states implementing practices like nutrient management, cover crops, and erosion controls. Monitoring shows the program is achieving reductions in sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen movement of over 1.6 million pounds, 45,000 pounds, and 1.8 million pounds respectively between 2010-2015 through targeted conservation planning and implementation at the small watershed level.
The document summarizes the Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) research program. WLE aims to improve livelihoods and food security through sustainable agriculture within healthy ecosystems. It does this through targeted research in four priority regions and globally on issues like land degradation, resource management, and variability. The research portfolio focuses on information systems, rainfed and irrigated farming, resource recovery and reuse, and basin management. It also integrates cross-cutting themes of gender, poverty, institutions, and ecosystem services into all projects. The document provides details on research areas and opportunities to engage or partner with the WLE program.
WLE â Presentation for Discussion with Donors and Partners â June 2013CGIAR
Â
This document summarizes the work of the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) led by IWMI. It discusses the challenges facing global food production related to food security, resource exploitation, and climate change. The WLE program seeks a paradigm shift to sustainable intensification that prioritizes people and nature. It outlines targeted interventions in irrigated and rainfed farming systems, resource recovery and reuse, and river basins. Key goals are improving productivity, incomes, and resilience through equitable access to natural resources and ecosystem services. Game changing research questions and solutions are presented for various focal regions.
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module1_#5, Experiences of IWRM implementation from Australia, An...ICIMOD
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This presentation is the part of 12-day (28 Januaryâ8 February 2019) training workshop on âMulti-scale Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) from the Hindu Kush Himalayan Perspectiveâ organized by the Strengthening Water Resources Management in Afghanistan (SWaRMA) Initiative of the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), and targeted at participants from Afghanistan.
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#7, Basin planning experience from Australia, Andrew Joh...ICIMOD
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This presentation is the part of 12-day (28 Januaryâ8 February 2019) training workshop on âMulti-scale Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) from the Hindu Kush Himalayan Perspectiveâ organized by the Strengthening Water Resources Management in Afghanistan (SWaRMA) Initiative of the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), and targeted at participants from Afghanistan.
http://www.fao.org/ecosystem-services-biodiversity/incentives/en/
Presentation of the Incentives for Ecosystem Services case study for Brazil.
Š FAO: http://www.fao.org
Thomas Falk, Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Pratiti Priyadarshini, Subrata Singh, and Rajesh Mittal. 2022. Social Learning in Games: Stimulating institutional and Behavior Change in Relation to Water Use in India.
PowerPoint presentation given during Stakeholder Consultation with Agriculture Department Bureaucrats from Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, India, 4pm IST, August 4, 2022 (virtual).
Chartres CJ (2012) Water, land and ecosystems: improved natural resource management for food security and livelihoods, ACIAR Seminar Series presentation, 25 January 2012, Canberra, Australia.
This document discusses integrated watershed management and rainwater harvesting in India. It provides an overview of India's water resources and challenges with increasing demand. Watershed development requires proper planning and management using an integrated approach. A case study of the Jhabua watershed project in Madhya Pradesh is presented, which used a three step approach of resource mapping, appropriate technologies, and a management information system. Through community participation and joint forest management, the project achieved increased water levels, higher agricultural productivity, and improved living conditions. Overall, the integrated watershed management approach promotes sustainable development through optimal resource use and local capacity building.
This document outlines a 7 stage plan to improve access to clean drinking water and sanitation in India. Stage 1 focuses on raising awareness about water issues. Stage 2 calls for organized waste management systems. Stage 3 aims to prevent water contamination through biodegradable products and waste management. Stage 4 introduces new products to reduce pollution. Stage 5 enhances desalination plant efficiency. Stage 6 provides affordable water purification devices. Stage 7 introduces new low-cost technology devices. The overall goal is to address India's water crisis and lack of sanitation through education, infrastructure development, innovation and access to safe drinking water solutions.
This document summarizes a water quality targeting success story in Walker Creek, California. A farmer-led coalition was formed to address regulatory requirements and improve water quality locally. Through partnerships between farmers, local agencies, and state/federal programs, over $3 million in cost-share funding was obtained. Best management practices were implemented on farms through education and outreach. Water quality monitoring showed no exceedances after 4 years of management plans. The collaborative, locally-led approach was deemed an effective model to protect water quality while involving local stakeholders.
This document provides an overview of integrated watershed management and rainwater harvesting. It discusses India's water resources and challenges meeting future demand. Watershed development, modeling, and integrated management approaches are examined. Successful case studies from Jhabua, India are presented, showing how resources mapping, appropriate technologies, and management systems improved water security, agriculture productivity, and living conditions through a community-based approach. The integrated watershed management achieved water conservation and recharge objectives while promoting sustainable development.
This document discusses a watershed approach to improving water quality in California's Lower Salinas River Valley. A consortium of organizations was formed to encourage local nutrient management solutions and integrate on-farm practices with edge-of-farm and off-farm treatments. Key practices include matching nutrient applications to crop needs, cover cropping, sediment controls, and treatment wetlands/bioreactors. While some successes were seen, regulatory inconsistencies have undermined cooperation. The group aims to test a watershed coordination concept and provide guidance on practices to better meet upcoming regulatory requirements. Monitoring of on-farm and treatment area water quality will evaluate the approach.
The drafting process the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) relating to water should resist overly rigid approaches to implementation and target setting which could limit development options for poor countries. Key challenges include realistic targets, carefully considering the local context to address the needs of the poor, and promoting sustainable water resources development in a way that values healthy ecosystems. Read IWMIâs new report here: http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Books/PDF/setting_and_achieving_water-related_sustainable_development_goals.pdf
Presentation by Peter G. McCornick & Julie van der Bliek at the Water for Food Conference, Seattle, October 19, 2014.
The World Circular Economy Forum presents the worldâs best circular economy solutions and gathers together the most recognised experts and decision makers in the field. The event is organised by the Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra. Read more: www.wcef2019.com
This document provides an overview of the Foundation for Ecological Security (FES). It discusses FES's mission of ecological restoration and conservation through coordinated human and governance efforts. It outlines FES's presence in six eco-regions across India, working with over 5,000 village institutions and impacting millions of acres of land and people. It also discusses FES's focus on biophysical and social infrastructure, common resources, and policy advocacy. The document then provides examples of ecological improvements and livelihood impacts from FES projects. It discusses studies conducted by FES to monitor impacts and inform actions. Finally, it outlines the Community Resource Centers established by FES and plans to expand these for monitoring changes in common resources.
The document summarizes the FAO-Programme Andhra Pradesh Farmer Managed Groundwater Systems (APFAMGS) Project. The project aims to empower farming communities to collectively manage groundwater resources in 7 districts in Andhra Pradesh over 4 years. It establishes Farmer Water Schools and people's institutions to build skills and knowledge around groundwater management. Through participatory monitoring of water levels, quality and crop planning, the project helped reduce groundwater depletion in 47 hydrological units and increased the balance in 35 units. Water saving practices like drip irrigation, sprinklers and mulching achieved savings of 32 million cubic meters of water. The project demonstrates an alternative community-based model for sustainable groundwater management.
The document outlines operational guidelines for the reuse of drainage water in Egypt for agricultural irrigation. Egypt aims to reuse drainage water to develop new agricultural lands and meet irrigation demands, but drainage water can cause soil degradation, reduced crop productivity, and health issues if not properly managed. The guidelines were developed over 8 years through field monitoring, data analysis, and stakeholder consultation. They integrate agricultural, environmental, and socioeconomic considerations to help farmers safely reuse drainage water while avoiding long-term impacts on soils, crops, human health, and the environment. The guidelines were tested on demonstration farms and pilot areas and showed improved crop yields and reduced soil salinity when applied.
The document summarizes Austin's Water Forward plan to ensure reliable water supply for the growing population. It discusses Austin's current water sources, the historic drought, and recommends a hybrid portfolio approach. This includes maximizing conservation, local sources, and reliability through strategies like aquifer storage/recovery, brackish desalination, reuse expansion, and indirect potable reuse. The plan estimates costs and yields through 2040 and outlines next steps like developing codes/incentives and starting an aquifer storage pilot.
Operational Drainage Water Reuse Guidelines, by Shaden Abdel-Gawad, Professor and Former President National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt , Land and Water Days in Near East & North Africa, 15-18 December 2013, Amman, Jordan
Similar to Durable Solutions to Water Scarcity and Land Degradation (20)
(1) IITA is the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, established in 1967 and headquartered in Ibadan, Nigeria with 21 stations in 30 countries. (2) IITA adopted DataCite DOIs in 2017 through the British Library Consortium to create a trusted institutional data repository meeting FAIR data principles. (3) IITA mints DOIs through an automatic Python script integrating with its Cassavabase database, and manually through its Fabrica portal, to increase data visibility, citation, and improve data management practices.
This document summarizes Samwel Muiruri Kariuki's research at IITA Kenya on inducing early flowering in cassava. The document discusses two methods: using LED light supplementation to induce flowering within 4 months, compared to 10 months without light; and developing a CMV-inducible CRISPR-Cas9 system to edit cassava genes in a virus-activated manner. Preliminary results show light supplementation significantly increased the number of flowering plants compared to the control. The researcher is working to assemble constructs using a CMV promoter to drive Cas9 expression and test them in Nicotiana benthamiana transformations. The goal is to create a virus-inducible gene editing system for cassava.
The document discusses methods for producing yam mother plants and cuttings for propagation. It describes selecting healthy mother plants with balanced nutrient content and avoiding nitrogen fertilizer before taking cuttings. Cuttings should contain a node, leaf, and stem pieces and be treated with fungicide before planting. With good management, cuttings can root within 10 days without hormones.
The document discusses conserving the Ibadan Malimbe, an endemic bird species found only in Nigeria that is endangered. It describes the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture's (IITA) efforts to conserve the species, which include hosting an Important Bird Area, monitoring the bird population, restoring habitat, and raising awareness. IITA's research has found declining numbers of Ibadan Malimbe due to forest isolation, clearance for agriculture and development, competition with other species, and increased nest destruction, threatening the estimated 2,500 remaining individuals.
This document summarizes a study on identifying the preferences of cassava product ("gari") end users in Benue State, Nigeria. The study found that farmers preferred cassava varieties with heavy, long roots that are not rotten or woody, while processors preferred varieties with white, dry peeled roots and less water in the mash. Marketers and consumers preferred gari that is shiny, dry, heavy, sweet with no lumps or smooth and white in color. The preferences identified will help breeders develop new cassava varieties that meet the needs of all end users.
The document discusses a study on the perception of quality in yam landraces among value chain actors in yam producing areas of Nigeria. It finds that Faketsa, Igum, Opoko, and Ushu are the most commonly cultivated varieties for pounded yam and yam flour production. Yam flour is typically processed from fresh yams through washing, peeling, cutting, drying, and grinding. Smoothness and mouldability are key factors in accepting pounded yam and yam fufu. The study recommends further research on Faketsa's qualities for pounded yam and yam flour to aid variety selection for these products.
1. The study evaluated the quality attributes of cookies flavored with Aidan (Tetrapleura tetraptera) as a substitute for vanilla. 2. Results showed that increasing the substitution level of Aidan for vanilla increased proximate nutrients but decreased carbohydrates and energy. 3. Cookies with 75% Aidan substitution had similar taste and crispness to the 100% vanilla cookie but were most acceptable overall to consumers.
This document reports on a study that analyzed the chemical, functional, and pasting properties of flours produced from four varieties of unripe plantain. The objectives were to determine the chemical composition, functional properties, pasting properties, and color parameters of the different plantain flours. Materials and methods included obtaining four varieties of plantain, producing the flours using various processing steps, and analyzing the flours for moisture, ash, protein, fat, fiber, starch, sugar, minerals, functional properties using various tests, pasting properties using a rapid visco analyzer, and color parameters. The results showed differences between varieties in the measured properties, with some varieties having higher nutritional or functional qualities. The conclusions were that the
The document studied the effect of different drying methods on the carotenoid content of yellow maize varieties. It found that air drying maize grains under shade at 20°C was the most effective method for retaining carotenoids, as it exposed the grains to milder environmental conditions compared to sun drying and oven drying. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in carotenoid levels between drying methods and maize varieties. Air drying was recommended over other methods to preserve high pro-vitamin A content in maize grains.
This document summarizes a survey of dried plantain chip processors in Ondo State, Nigeria. It describes the background and methods used in the survey. Key findings include that most processors are women between the ages of 25-40 who view chip processing as difficult work. Common challenges included the time-consuming nature, pest infestation during storage, and weather issues during drying. The conclusion recommends addressing animal contamination during drying and limiting the use of toxic preservatives to improve product quality and safety.
The document examines the effect of crop diversification on food and nutrition security among smallholder farming households in Nigeria. It analyzes data from the 2015 Nigerian General Household Survey on 2,041 households. It finds that crop diversification has a positive impact on dietary diversity, increasing it by 10.9%, but negatively impacts subjective food security. However, households with greater crop diversification had a 53.8% higher likelihood of being food secure. The study thus concludes that while crop diversification improves nutrition, broader support is still needed for farming households to ensure food security.
The document summarizes a study on the apparent retention of carotenoids in ogi flour made from different provitamin A maize genotypes. It finds that PVA SYN HGBC0 showed the highest carotenoid and provitamin A retention after processing ogi flour, making it the best genotype studied for producing nutritious ogi. The study aims to establish how processing affects carotenoid levels in ogi, an important food in Nigeria, to reduce micronutrient deficiencies in children.
The document assessed the level of consumption of pro-vitamin A cassava products among rural households in Nigeria. It found low levels of consumption of products like tapioca, flakes, and vitamin-fortified baked goods. Consumption varied by state, with Akwa Ibom having the highest levels. It recommends increasing production of value-added products and nutritional education campaigns to boost consumption and reduce vitamin A deficiency.
Professor Janice Olawoye had a 38-year career as a Professor of Rural Sociology at the University of Ibadan, where she served in various administrative roles including Head of Department and Dean. She supervised 30 PhDs and many other students and published over 70 papers. Professor Olawoye also consulted for international development organizations and worked with IITA on workshops, advisory boards, and fellowship programs. She is married with four sons and six grandchildren.
inqaba Biotec is Africa's leading genomics company that aims to catalyze Africa's prosperity through genomics. It offers core services including oligonucleotide synthesis, DNA sequencing using ABI3130XL, ABI3500XL, and Illumina MiSeq platforms, SNP genotyping, bioinformatics, and molecular diagnostic solutions. inqaba Biotec works to address challenges African researchers face regarding logistics, technical know-how, cost, and support through its partnerships and local services. Its vision is to remain a leading genomics company in Africa.
Janice E. Olawoye presented on adaptation to climate change and indigenous and formal mitigation strategies. She discussed how climate change negatively impacts people through changes in weather patterns, threats to food security and health. Indigenous communities have adapted through practices like multiple cropping and migration. However, increased frequency and intensity of climate events requires more formal strategies like afforestation, drought-resistant crops, and early warning systems. Adaptation is needed to support livelihoods as traditional strategies are no longer sufficient. Gender must also be considered in climate policies and projects to address women's increased burdens. Individual actions like conserving resources and research can contribute to addressing this challenge.
The document discusses managing climate-driven biological risks through a One Health approach. It outlines strategies such as developing early warning and rapid response systems through a farmer interface app connected to pest forecasting tools. The document also discusses building capacity, especially among youth, on modeling species distributions under climate change scenarios. Climate change is expected to impact insect distributions and life cycles, threatening food security. An integrated approach considering human, animal, and ecosystem health is needed to address emerging risks.
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Durable Solutions to Water Scarcity and Land Degradation
1. CRP 5: Durable Solutions to Water Scarcity and
Land Degradation
Development challenges
⢠Poverty, food insecurity partly caused by water scarcity and land
degradation through agriculture
⢠People must learn to produce more with less water while reversing
land degradation
⢠People must change the way water and land resources are managed
www.iita.org
2. CRP 5: Durable Solutions to Water Scarcity and
Land Degradation
Goal
⢠To sustainably improve livelihoods, reduce poverty, and ensure food security
through research-based solutions to water scarcity, land degradation and
ecosystem sustainability
Objectives
⢠Enhance and safeguard land and water access for the poor to sustainably
benefit from resource use
⢠Deliver greater water and land productivity in rainfed and irrigated systems for
crops, fisheries and aquaculture, livestock, and agroforestry to cope with water
scarcity and land degradation
⢠Improve land and soil health and water quality to reverse widespread
degradation of agricultural production systems
⢠Enhance ecosystem services and resilience by enhancing the ability of people
to manage water and land to sustain ecosystem services within and beyond
agroecosystems as influenced by agricultural practices
⢠Change actions, behaviors, attitudes and beliefs reflected in practices and
policies within communities of stakeholders (farmers, researchers, public
sector officials in water and related sectors, politicians and the private sector) www.iita.org
3. CRP 5: Water Scarcity and Land Degradation
Best bets (solutions to water scarcity, land degradation and ecosystem
sustainability)
⢠Rainfed: how to improve soil fertility, land and water management to unlock the
potential of rainfed agriculture while reversing trends of ecosystems
degradation?
⢠Irrigation: what must we do to revitalize irrigation in Africa and Asia?
⢠Wastewater: how can we enhance food security by recovering nutrients and
other resources from solid and liquid waste streams?
⢠Basins: how do we manage water and land resources in major agricultural river
basins in ways that meet the needs of people and ecosystems?
www.iita.org
4. Best bets - continued
⢠Groundwater: how do we make groundwater use sustainable?
⢠Pastoral: what changes are needed in land and water management to
support pastoral livelihoods?
⢠Ecosystems: how do we improve ecosystem resilience and services to
provide farmers and pastoralists with production systems that have
increased adaptability to environmental changes?
⢠Information systems: how can we use land, water and ecosystems
information systems to generate evidence-based policy
recommendations?
www.iita.org
5. CRP 5: Rainfed systems
Outputs
⢠Development of research informed investment packages including out-scaling
strategies, opportunities and supportive policy programs for rainfed areas
⢠New options for sustainable water and land productivity in water-scarced
environment developed and disseminated
⢠New insights developed and communicated on nutrient replenishment, food
production systems, organic and biofertilizers, carbon sequestration etc
⢠Training materials developed and links to training institutes formed
Outcomes
⢠In 3 years, documented use of tools generated by the program in 10 sites
⢠In 6 years, sizeable investment programs into water and land practices,
improved capacity to carry out integrated soil, water, and ecosystem research
www.iita.org
6. CRP 5: Revitalizing surface irrigation:
Outputs
⢠A standardized performance benchmark methodology applied across 20 case
study systems with management improvement plans
⢠A tool kit of options and capacity building materials for improving the
management design and performance of surface irrigation
Outcomes
⢠In 3 years, A community of practice jointly assessing performance and
developing improvement options across 40 irrigation systems in Africa and
Asia
⢠In 6 years, in 10 irrigation systems, documented changes attributable to
CRP5 in institutions for managing for more accountability resulting in better
service to farmers and multiple users, increased water productivity and
environmental measures
⢠Documented cases of investors and designers using these materials in 3 new
irrigation systems in Sub-Saharan Africa www.iita.org
7. CRP 5: Pastoral systems :
Outputs
⢠Participatory mapping, assessment and planning techniques of rangeland
resource conditions and use
⢠Assessment of costs and benefits of various institutions, policy and practice
changes in terms of livelihood restoration and ecosystems service
⢠New insights into relationships between water access and pastoral
livelihoods, opportunities to better use rain water, opportunities for carbon
sequestration, valuation of rangeland of biodiversity.
Outcomes
⢠In 3 years: Communities in 3 locations use the tools and information
emanating from the program
⢠In 6 years: Documentation of interventions on policy changes and
investments based on program activities in 3 areas.
www.iita.org
8. CRP 5: Ground water management :
Outputs
⢠Science-based policy investment and management options that include levels
outside the groundnut water and water-resource sector
⢠An analysis of the role of ground water and conjunctive use systems and how
they can be relied upon and affected by climate change
⢠A training module for formal groundwater management agencies covering an
array of social and technical issues that go beyond monitoring the resource base
Outcomes
⢠Documented change in strategy, policy and practices in 4 different regions in
Asia
⢠200 groundwater specialists trained within 6 years.
⢠In 6 years, stimulation of groundwater use in 2 under-utilized areas in Africa
through an improved knowledge base and the provision of reasonably priced
technologies and water supplies that boost production and income
www.iita.org
9. CRP 5: Resource Recovery
Outputs
⢠Innovative agricultural reuse and treatment models for waste water, excreta and
organic waste that delivers social and financial return
⢠Global map of waste water and excreta reuse and assessment of consumer
risks and benefits
⢠Options for reuse of waste streams including on-farm and off-farm opportunities
for reducing microbial contamination of water resources
⢠Business models to make an asset out of waste water
Outcomes
⢠Increased institutional and public knowledge on the extent of water, organic
matter, and nutrient recovery of waste streams, related risks and benefits and
agronomically, economically and socially viable options for up-scaling and out-
scaling resource recovery models.
www.iita.org
10. CRP 5: Basins
Outputs
⢠Guidelines for selection and evaluation of individual water storage options and their
combination at the basin scale that take into account the magnitude and distribution of
benefits and costs and the role of infrastructure in managing hydrological extremes
⢠Guidelines for allocating and managing water in the basin to reduce poverty, risk,
increase productivity, improve energy, manage the effects of hydrological extremes and
provide for ecosystems services and take account of water rights
⢠Options for increased water and land productivity at basin scale
⢠Institutional options for benefit sharing mechanism to improve the livelihoods of upstream
communities, conserve fragile upland areas, reduce sediment flows and improve
downstream water availability
⢠Methods for analyzing trade offs between water and land users
Outcomes
⢠Discussions in investment and water allocation in 5 river basins
⢠Benefit sharing mechanisms are in use in 5 locations
⢠Improved research capacity to analyze benefits, improve water and land monitoring and
mitigating negative impacts of anthropogenic interventions
⢠In 10 years, basin managers successfully manage water scarcity
www.iita.org
11. CRP 5: Ecosystems
Outputs
⢠Insights into the levels and scales at which ecosystems components provide services that help
reduce poverty
⢠Identification of management practices and incentive systems to enhance or create ecosystems
services for current and future use to reduce poverty across CRP5 Best Bets and in support of other
CRPs
⢠Identification of custodians of ecosystem resources across key research sites with action plan for
creating enabling policy to support them
⢠Methods to test, monitor and evaluate the impact of intervention aimed at promoting the use,
maintenance and enhancement of ecosystem resource in support of the rural poor
Outcomes
⢠After 6 years in 10 areas, document success of interventions
⢠Farmers and resource managers are moving towards insurance policies comprised of multiple ways
to better use soil, water ,and biotic resources that enhance ecosystem services
⢠Natural resource managers will support and create partnerships with small scale producers who use
water, soil and biotic management, methods that reduce vulnerability in the production system while
at the same time maintaining productivity
⢠Consumer and retailer norms and behaviors are supporting agricultural production systems that
reduce vulnerability
⢠Policies, legal measures and incentives that support production systems with less dependent on
external inputs
www.iita.org
12. Information sharing
⢠Outputs
⢠Agroâecosystem information systems comprised of:
Comprehensive, webâenabled agroâecosystem database and map server for
CGIAR regions, of soil and vegetation conditions and water resources status.
⢠A Sentinel Site Surveillance System consisting of a set of well characterized,
longâterm monitoring sites within CG benchmark sites, including over 60 sites
under the Africa Soil
⢠Information Service, as a resource for intervention evaluation, ecosystem
monitoring, model building and validation
⢠Scenario, simulation and statistical models for a range of land and water
management decision problems, including land and water resource evaluation and
planning, watershed management, soil and livestock management, and water
supply and demand modeling.
⢠Increased capacity of regional and national organizations to design and apply
environmental information and surveillance systems, including end user cases,
decision profiles and example decision support modules.
www.iita.org
13. Information sharing
Outcomes
⢠Land and water information and surveillance systems are adopted as an
integral part of decision making processes on land and water
management in regional, national and local systems, resulting in policies
and practices that are well targeted at key risks to land, water and
ecosystem health.
⢠Documentation of 6 cases.
⢠A wide range of stakeholders engaged with land and water management,
from international and regional policy makers and donors to individual
users of the information and surveillance systems.
⢠Fifty thousand people will be using the information.
www.iita.org
14. CRP 5: Governance and management
⢠IWMI (lead center) to sign performance contracts with consortium
board, centers and other institutions who will be responsible for leading
best bets
⢠Steering committee
â comprises main CG (based on financial contributions >USD4
million) and external partners
â TORs of steering committee: overall strategic and annual
workplans, approve budget allocation, oversee annual performance
reporting processes, & oversee monitoring and evaluation
processes
⢠Scientific and Impact Advisory Committee
â Specific advice on scientific directions, science quality and
feasibility of proposed approaches
â Specific advice on partnership and uptake/impact strategies
â Oversight and advice on gender and capacity building issues
www.iita.org
15. CRP 5: Governance and management
⢠Management committee (Program Director plus leaders of each of the
Best Bets)
â planning scientific delivery of CRP outputs via the development of
rolling annual workplans and strategic reviews of progress
â recommend budget allocations among centers
â Integrate across and within CRPs â bringing context, contribution
and synergy between different CRPs and CRP components
â Facilitate collective agreement on equitable mechanisms,
processes and decision criteria for funding allocations
â Submission of CRP documentation and funding requests through
the lead centre
â Development of and reporting against annual CRP budgets in
collaboration with all partners
â CRP communications planning, reporting against workplans,
milestones and outcomes
â Initial dispute arbitration www.iita.org
16. CRP 5: Budgets, Impact Areas and Partners
Principal partnerâs 2009 audited budget + 10%
â 2011: $78.586 million
â 2012: $85.424 million
â 2013: $93.953 million
⢠IITA role
â Minor (soil fertility management & SP-IPM)
â 2.85% (total budget request)
Impact Areas (regions)
⢠Latin America, sub Saharan Africa , West, Central, & South Asia
Partners
⢠IWMI (lead center), African Rice, bioversity, CIAT, CIP, CPWF, IITA, ICARDA,
ICRAF, ICRISAT, IFPRI, ILRI, IRRI, World Fish center plus others non CG
organizations
www.iita.org