This document summarizes a presentation on quantifying exercise intensity during rehabilitation training for people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). It defines sports therapy and discusses the benefits of exercise for PwMS. It then focuses on quantifying intensities for endurance and resistance training, discussing methods like maximum oxygen consumption, heart rate peaks, ratings of perceived exertion, and resistance training norms. Recommendations are given for endurance training intensities and a case study is presented. The document concludes that moderate training intensities are well tolerated and beneficial for improving quality of life and reducing fatigue in PwMS.
This document discusses fatigue, including its definition, types, causes, symptoms, and assessment. It defines fatigue as tiredness or diminished energy that interferes with normal activities. Fatigue can be acute or chronic, and local or general. Common causes include lack of sleep, stress, illness, and advancing age. Symptoms include forgetfulness and lack of interest. Assessment involves history, physical exam, and potentially blood tests and imaging. Tests evaluate things like anaerobic capacity, aerobic capacity, and muscle strength and fatigue. Questionnaires can also assess fatigue severity.
BFR training uses occlusion to restrict blood flow during exercise, allowing for gains in strength and hypertrophy with lower training volumes and loads compared to traditional high load training. It works by increasing metabolic stress and fast twitch fiber recruitment within the occluded muscles. While not as effective for strength gains as high load training, it provides equivalent hypertrophy results. BFR can benefit bone health and muscle preservation after injuries. Safety concerns include DVT risk, but risks are low if proper guidelines are followed, such as using 40-80% of limb occlusion pressure and avoiding use in high risk populations.
Blood Pressure Responses To Small And Large Muscle Dynamic Exercise In Older ...dgrinnell
This study examined the effects of aerobic fitness and sex on blood pressure responses to small muscle (knee extension) and large muscle (treadmill) exercise in older adults. The main findings were:
1) Blood pressure increased more during small muscle exercise compared to large muscle exercise for both men and women, regardless of fitness level.
2) Aerobic fitness attenuated the rise in blood pressure during small muscle exercise in older men but not women.
3) Aerobic fitness did not influence blood pressure responses to large muscle exercise for either sex.
This suggests that small muscle exercise elicits a greater blood pressure response than large muscle exercise in older adults, and fitness may help reduce this response in
This document provides an overview of exercise and its benefits. It discusses that approximately 80% of Americans do not meet physical activity recommendations. Exercise is defined as planned physical activity to improve fitness. Daily activities alone are not enough. The benefits of exercise include improvements to the cardiovascular, oxidative capacity, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, bone density, and depression. Cardiovascular exercise improves heart health while resistance training builds muscle. The document provides exercise recommendations and discusses the importance of warmups, cooldowns, and mental conditioning to maximize the benefits of exercise.
The document discusses guidelines for exercise during pregnancy. It recommends cardiorespiratory exercise 3-4 days per week at a moderate intensity for at least 15 minutes, increasing up to 30 minutes per day. Resistance training 2-3 days per week focusing on large muscle groups is also recommended. Exercise should be low impact and avoid activities in a supine position. Intensity should allow for conversation and progression should occur after the first trimester.
Effect of diet and exercise on hypertensionNursing Path
The document discusses hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, and the effects of diet and exercise in managing it. It defines hypertension as a blood pressure reading of 140/90 or higher on three consecutive measurements. It then outlines the negative health effects of uncontrolled hypertension, including heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, blindness and more. The document recommends limiting sodium and increasing potassium intake through diet. It also suggests consuming foods high in omega-3 fatty acids. For exercise, it advises warming up and doing low-impact aerobic activities like walking, cycling or swimming for 20-30 minutes at least 4 times per week, as well as yoga and resistance training. The conclusion states that dietary changes and regular endurance exercise can help
The document outlines general principles for exercise prescription, including the FITT principle of frequency, intensity, time, and type. It recommends at least 150 minutes per week of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise. Exercise should involve rhythmic activities using large muscle groups. Strength, flexibility, and balance training are also recommended components. Progression should be gradual and individualized based on a person's health, goals and tolerance.
This document discusses fatigue, including its definition, types, causes, symptoms, and assessment. It defines fatigue as tiredness or diminished energy that interferes with normal activities. Fatigue can be acute or chronic, and local or general. Common causes include lack of sleep, stress, illness, and advancing age. Symptoms include forgetfulness and lack of interest. Assessment involves history, physical exam, and potentially blood tests and imaging. Tests evaluate things like anaerobic capacity, aerobic capacity, and muscle strength and fatigue. Questionnaires can also assess fatigue severity.
BFR training uses occlusion to restrict blood flow during exercise, allowing for gains in strength and hypertrophy with lower training volumes and loads compared to traditional high load training. It works by increasing metabolic stress and fast twitch fiber recruitment within the occluded muscles. While not as effective for strength gains as high load training, it provides equivalent hypertrophy results. BFR can benefit bone health and muscle preservation after injuries. Safety concerns include DVT risk, but risks are low if proper guidelines are followed, such as using 40-80% of limb occlusion pressure and avoiding use in high risk populations.
Blood Pressure Responses To Small And Large Muscle Dynamic Exercise In Older ...dgrinnell
This study examined the effects of aerobic fitness and sex on blood pressure responses to small muscle (knee extension) and large muscle (treadmill) exercise in older adults. The main findings were:
1) Blood pressure increased more during small muscle exercise compared to large muscle exercise for both men and women, regardless of fitness level.
2) Aerobic fitness attenuated the rise in blood pressure during small muscle exercise in older men but not women.
3) Aerobic fitness did not influence blood pressure responses to large muscle exercise for either sex.
This suggests that small muscle exercise elicits a greater blood pressure response than large muscle exercise in older adults, and fitness may help reduce this response in
This document provides an overview of exercise and its benefits. It discusses that approximately 80% of Americans do not meet physical activity recommendations. Exercise is defined as planned physical activity to improve fitness. Daily activities alone are not enough. The benefits of exercise include improvements to the cardiovascular, oxidative capacity, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, bone density, and depression. Cardiovascular exercise improves heart health while resistance training builds muscle. The document provides exercise recommendations and discusses the importance of warmups, cooldowns, and mental conditioning to maximize the benefits of exercise.
The document discusses guidelines for exercise during pregnancy. It recommends cardiorespiratory exercise 3-4 days per week at a moderate intensity for at least 15 minutes, increasing up to 30 minutes per day. Resistance training 2-3 days per week focusing on large muscle groups is also recommended. Exercise should be low impact and avoid activities in a supine position. Intensity should allow for conversation and progression should occur after the first trimester.
Effect of diet and exercise on hypertensionNursing Path
The document discusses hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, and the effects of diet and exercise in managing it. It defines hypertension as a blood pressure reading of 140/90 or higher on three consecutive measurements. It then outlines the negative health effects of uncontrolled hypertension, including heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, blindness and more. The document recommends limiting sodium and increasing potassium intake through diet. It also suggests consuming foods high in omega-3 fatty acids. For exercise, it advises warming up and doing low-impact aerobic activities like walking, cycling or swimming for 20-30 minutes at least 4 times per week, as well as yoga and resistance training. The conclusion states that dietary changes and regular endurance exercise can help
The document outlines general principles for exercise prescription, including the FITT principle of frequency, intensity, time, and type. It recommends at least 150 minutes per week of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise. Exercise should involve rhythmic activities using large muscle groups. Strength, flexibility, and balance training are also recommended components. Progression should be gradual and individualized based on a person's health, goals and tolerance.
Overtraining and recovery presentation 2ofrankel94
This document discusses strategies for recovering from overtraining in athletes. It recommends that overtrained athletes take a minimum 2-week rest break with no exercise. Following this, active rest including light aerobic exercise of 5-10 minutes daily gradually increasing over 6-12 weeks is suggested. Adequate nutrition, particularly high carbohydrate intake, relaxation techniques, and monitoring training load and recovery are also important to successfully recover and prevent recurring overtraining.
This document discusses blood flow restriction (BFR) training as an adjunct to rehabilitation. It provides guidelines for strength training parameters from ACSM and NSCA. BFR training utilizes occlusion cuffs to partially restrict blood flow and alter metabolic demands. This induces muscle fiber recruitment changes, endocrine responses, and cellular adaptations that can improve strength and hypertrophy with lower load exercises. Common patient populations that may benefit are listed, along with physiological effects, equipment options, exercise suggestions, and safety considerations. Studies demonstrating improvements in strength, muscle size, and function with BFR training are referenced.
3038 pb medic brochure 6page a4 pdf file 1Victor Mitov
The document provides information on the benefits of Powerbreathe, an inspiratory muscle trainer, for various respiratory conditions. It shows that Powerbreathe can improve dyspnea by 36%, reduce primary care consultations by 23% for COPD patients, and reduce beta-2 agonist use by up to 79% for asthma patients. The document also lists several other conditions that may benefit from Powerbreathe and provides references to support its claims.
A Study of Heart Rate Recovery Following Exercise in Healthy Young Adult MaleIOSR Journals
Abstract: Exercise has positive chronotropic effect on heart rate and on cessation heart rate returns to preexercise
level. A delay in heart rate recovery (HRR) (≤12beats in first minute) is considered abnormal and
reflects autonomic dysfunction.The present study was taken up to find out the presence of abnormal HRR in
normal subjects (Male) and to establish HRR as an independent autonomic marker. For the study 106 healthy
young adults (male) were subjected to exercise by Bicycle ergometer till targeted Heart Rate (85%Maximum
Heart Rate(MHR)) was achieved. HRR at the end of 1 minutefollowingcessation of exercise were tabulated. In
our study 23(21.7%) subjects showed Abnormal HRR indicating HRR could be an independent autonomic
marker. Keyword-HRR, MHR
The document discusses principles of developing energy fitness through training. It describes using overload, recovery, adaptation and progression to increase the body's ability to produce ATP. Key aspects of training include using intensity measured by speed, heart rate or perceived exertion to stress different energy systems. Training occurs in zones from easy to performance to maximal. The pyramid model shows how to structure training over time from an aerobic base to peaking for performance.
Lec 8 special population ex.Physiology of Exerciseangelickhan2
This document discusses various special populations that require special consideration for exercise prescription, including the elderly, those with cardiac issues, diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis, asthma, COPD, and pregnant women. For each population, it describes characteristics of the condition and provides guidance on exercise goals, testing, prescription parameters, and precautions. The key recommendations are to consult a physician, start low intensity and gradually progress exercise, and focus on improving functional capacity, management of risk factors, and quality of life. Chair exercises are recommended for those with limited mobility.
Applied exercise prescription in the elderlystewartbovis
Elderly individuals can benefit from exercise but must first obtain medical clearance due to increased health risks. Prescribed exercise programs for the elderly should focus on resistance training to prevent sarcopenia, as well as slow, controlled movements to avoid injury from age-related reflex declines. Target heart rates must also be modified to account for lower maximum heart rates with age. Additionally, weight-bearing exercises can help maintain bone density as bones become more prone to fracture. Proper hydration, clothing, footwear, and gradual progression are important considerations for safe exercise in the elderly.
This document discusses meditation and its effects on heart health. It begins by outlining different types of meditation, including cyclic meditation. Cyclic meditation alternates between stimulation and relaxation, leading to deeper relaxation than other methods. Studies show cyclic meditation reduces sympathetic overactivity and lowers stress hormones, blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen consumption. Meditation is presented as an effective lifestyle modification tool for reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors like stress, smoking, high blood pressure, cholesterol and obesity. Regular meditation practice is recommended for both primary and secondary prevention of heart disease.
3038 pb medic brochure 6page a4 pdf file 2Victor Mitov
POWERbreathe is an easy to use inspiratory muscle trainer that has been validated in numerous clinical trials. It requires just 15 minutes of training twice daily for the first 12 weeks, and then only three times per week for maintenance. Within a few days of use, patients experience improvements in dyspnea and measurable improvements in exercise tolerance within three weeks. POWERbreathe works by applying resistance training principles to strengthen the inspiratory muscles, helping to reduce the perception of dyspnea and improve quality of life for patients suffering from respiratory conditions.
1. The document discusses key principles of fitness training including specificity, progressive overload, frequency, intensity and duration. It explains how adhering to these principles aids athletes in maximizing fitness gains from training.
2. It describes different approaches to fitness testing such as direct maximal testing and indirect submaximal testing. Regular fitness testing is important for benchmarking, identifying strengths and weaknesses, and monitoring progress.
3. The document outlines different training methods that can be used including interval training, continuous training, circuit training, and strength training. It also discusses the importance of periodization in dividing training into cycles.
Dr. Al Sears MD explains how modern "cardio-oriented" excercise and fitness advice has got it all wrong.
Rather than long, extended endurance workout at medium to low exertion, he recommends a new approach to cardiopulmonary fitness. He calls it PACE. It stands for Progessively Accelerating Cardio Pulmonary Exertion. It include intervals of high-intensity exertion mixed with recovery intervals.
The purpose is to challenge your heart and lungs and build the strength of those organs. It also triggers an all day fat burn versus cardio which actually trains your body to store fat.
This document discusses the limitations of traditional cardiovascular endurance exercise ("cardio") and introduces a new exercise principle called PACE (Progressively Accelerating Cardiopulmonary Exertion). It summarizes that "cardio" fails to preserve pulmonary function, reduce cardiovascular disease risk, lower mortality rates, or optimize metabolism, while PACE can reverse these effects. High-intensity interval training is shown to improve cardiac function, lung capacity, hormone levels, and other biomarkers of health more than low-intensity "cardio". PACE trains the body to use carbohydrates as fuel and store energy in muscle rather than fat, improving body composition and metabolic health.
This document provides information on exercise prescription for cardiac rehabilitation. It discusses assessing patient risk and stratifying them before creating an individualized exercise plan. The goals of a cardiac rehabilitation program are to improve exercise capacity and reduce cardiac ischemia through aerobic and resistance training 3 times per week for 30 minutes each session at a target heart rate of 70-85% of maximum. Contraindications include unstable angina or new symptoms during exercise. Baseline testing establishes work capacity and excludes issues before developing a safe prescription.
Cvs changes during exercise BY PANDIAN M # MBBS#BDS#BPTH#ALLIED SCIENCESPandian M
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF EXERCISE - Dynamic exercise, static exercise
AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC EXERCISES
METABOLISM IN AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC EXERCISES
SEVERITY OF EXERCISE- Mild exercise, moderate exercise, severe exercise
EFFECTS OF EXERCISE- On blood, on blood volume, on heart rate, on cardiac output, on venous return, on blood flow to skeletal muscles, on blood pressure
This document discusses whether stretching decreases injury and performance. It begins by defining concepts like flexibility, warm ups, dynamic stretching, and physiology related to stretching. It then reviews evidence that stretching 3 times per day but not before exercise can decrease injury risk and does not impact performance. Dynamic warmups that progress from general to sport specific and do not cause fatigue are shown to decrease injury risk without decreasing performance. The conclusion is that static stretching 3 times per day but not before exercise, and dynamic warmups before exercise that avoid fatigue can both decrease injury risk without decreasing performance.
Clinical exercise testing is used increasingly in clinical practice for two main reasons (Wasserman)-Its impact in the clinical decision-making process -A growing awareness that resting cardiopulmonary measurements do not provide a reliable estimate of functional capacity. The following are the most popular clinical exercise tests, in order of increasing complexity: (a) 6-minute walk test (6MWT), (b) shuttle walk test, (c) exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), (d) cardiac stress test, and (e) cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). The modality is selected on the basis of clinical question to be addressed and the available equipment.
Blood flow restriction therapy uses elastic bands or tourniquets to restrict venous blood flow from leaving exercised muscles during low-intensity exercises, causing the muscles to be exposed to metabolic stress similar to high-intensity training. A case study found that using blood flow restriction during low-intensity bicep curls and triceps extensions led to greater increases in blood lactate, heart rate, and perceived exertion compared to the same exercises without restriction. While blood flow restriction allows for muscle gains with lower exercise loads, it can increase risks of delayed muscle soreness, thrombosis, and elevated blood pressure.
These are the slides from the presentation on Blood Flow Restriction Training at the Sports Therapy Organisation National Conference. The information was delivered to an audience of sports therapists. However, it is applicable to all professionals working in health, fitness and sports performance.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document discusses piles (hemorrhoids) and homeopathic treatments. It defines piles as swellings that develop inside and around the anus from enlarged blood vessels. Common causes of piles include straining during bowel movements, constipation, diarrhea, prolonged sitting, obesity, pregnancy, and aging. Homeopathic medicines can effectively treat piles and their symptoms like pain and bleeding without surgery. The top ten homeopathic medicines listed for piles treatment are Sulphur, Acid Nitric, Collinsonia, Acid muriatic, Hamammalis, Aesculus, Ratanhia, Nux-Vomica, Paeonia, and Arsenicum album.
Overtraining and recovery presentation 2ofrankel94
This document discusses strategies for recovering from overtraining in athletes. It recommends that overtrained athletes take a minimum 2-week rest break with no exercise. Following this, active rest including light aerobic exercise of 5-10 minutes daily gradually increasing over 6-12 weeks is suggested. Adequate nutrition, particularly high carbohydrate intake, relaxation techniques, and monitoring training load and recovery are also important to successfully recover and prevent recurring overtraining.
This document discusses blood flow restriction (BFR) training as an adjunct to rehabilitation. It provides guidelines for strength training parameters from ACSM and NSCA. BFR training utilizes occlusion cuffs to partially restrict blood flow and alter metabolic demands. This induces muscle fiber recruitment changes, endocrine responses, and cellular adaptations that can improve strength and hypertrophy with lower load exercises. Common patient populations that may benefit are listed, along with physiological effects, equipment options, exercise suggestions, and safety considerations. Studies demonstrating improvements in strength, muscle size, and function with BFR training are referenced.
3038 pb medic brochure 6page a4 pdf file 1Victor Mitov
The document provides information on the benefits of Powerbreathe, an inspiratory muscle trainer, for various respiratory conditions. It shows that Powerbreathe can improve dyspnea by 36%, reduce primary care consultations by 23% for COPD patients, and reduce beta-2 agonist use by up to 79% for asthma patients. The document also lists several other conditions that may benefit from Powerbreathe and provides references to support its claims.
A Study of Heart Rate Recovery Following Exercise in Healthy Young Adult MaleIOSR Journals
Abstract: Exercise has positive chronotropic effect on heart rate and on cessation heart rate returns to preexercise
level. A delay in heart rate recovery (HRR) (≤12beats in first minute) is considered abnormal and
reflects autonomic dysfunction.The present study was taken up to find out the presence of abnormal HRR in
normal subjects (Male) and to establish HRR as an independent autonomic marker. For the study 106 healthy
young adults (male) were subjected to exercise by Bicycle ergometer till targeted Heart Rate (85%Maximum
Heart Rate(MHR)) was achieved. HRR at the end of 1 minutefollowingcessation of exercise were tabulated. In
our study 23(21.7%) subjects showed Abnormal HRR indicating HRR could be an independent autonomic
marker. Keyword-HRR, MHR
The document discusses principles of developing energy fitness through training. It describes using overload, recovery, adaptation and progression to increase the body's ability to produce ATP. Key aspects of training include using intensity measured by speed, heart rate or perceived exertion to stress different energy systems. Training occurs in zones from easy to performance to maximal. The pyramid model shows how to structure training over time from an aerobic base to peaking for performance.
Lec 8 special population ex.Physiology of Exerciseangelickhan2
This document discusses various special populations that require special consideration for exercise prescription, including the elderly, those with cardiac issues, diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis, asthma, COPD, and pregnant women. For each population, it describes characteristics of the condition and provides guidance on exercise goals, testing, prescription parameters, and precautions. The key recommendations are to consult a physician, start low intensity and gradually progress exercise, and focus on improving functional capacity, management of risk factors, and quality of life. Chair exercises are recommended for those with limited mobility.
Applied exercise prescription in the elderlystewartbovis
Elderly individuals can benefit from exercise but must first obtain medical clearance due to increased health risks. Prescribed exercise programs for the elderly should focus on resistance training to prevent sarcopenia, as well as slow, controlled movements to avoid injury from age-related reflex declines. Target heart rates must also be modified to account for lower maximum heart rates with age. Additionally, weight-bearing exercises can help maintain bone density as bones become more prone to fracture. Proper hydration, clothing, footwear, and gradual progression are important considerations for safe exercise in the elderly.
This document discusses meditation and its effects on heart health. It begins by outlining different types of meditation, including cyclic meditation. Cyclic meditation alternates between stimulation and relaxation, leading to deeper relaxation than other methods. Studies show cyclic meditation reduces sympathetic overactivity and lowers stress hormones, blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen consumption. Meditation is presented as an effective lifestyle modification tool for reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors like stress, smoking, high blood pressure, cholesterol and obesity. Regular meditation practice is recommended for both primary and secondary prevention of heart disease.
3038 pb medic brochure 6page a4 pdf file 2Victor Mitov
POWERbreathe is an easy to use inspiratory muscle trainer that has been validated in numerous clinical trials. It requires just 15 minutes of training twice daily for the first 12 weeks, and then only three times per week for maintenance. Within a few days of use, patients experience improvements in dyspnea and measurable improvements in exercise tolerance within three weeks. POWERbreathe works by applying resistance training principles to strengthen the inspiratory muscles, helping to reduce the perception of dyspnea and improve quality of life for patients suffering from respiratory conditions.
1. The document discusses key principles of fitness training including specificity, progressive overload, frequency, intensity and duration. It explains how adhering to these principles aids athletes in maximizing fitness gains from training.
2. It describes different approaches to fitness testing such as direct maximal testing and indirect submaximal testing. Regular fitness testing is important for benchmarking, identifying strengths and weaknesses, and monitoring progress.
3. The document outlines different training methods that can be used including interval training, continuous training, circuit training, and strength training. It also discusses the importance of periodization in dividing training into cycles.
Dr. Al Sears MD explains how modern "cardio-oriented" excercise and fitness advice has got it all wrong.
Rather than long, extended endurance workout at medium to low exertion, he recommends a new approach to cardiopulmonary fitness. He calls it PACE. It stands for Progessively Accelerating Cardio Pulmonary Exertion. It include intervals of high-intensity exertion mixed with recovery intervals.
The purpose is to challenge your heart and lungs and build the strength of those organs. It also triggers an all day fat burn versus cardio which actually trains your body to store fat.
This document discusses the limitations of traditional cardiovascular endurance exercise ("cardio") and introduces a new exercise principle called PACE (Progressively Accelerating Cardiopulmonary Exertion). It summarizes that "cardio" fails to preserve pulmonary function, reduce cardiovascular disease risk, lower mortality rates, or optimize metabolism, while PACE can reverse these effects. High-intensity interval training is shown to improve cardiac function, lung capacity, hormone levels, and other biomarkers of health more than low-intensity "cardio". PACE trains the body to use carbohydrates as fuel and store energy in muscle rather than fat, improving body composition and metabolic health.
This document provides information on exercise prescription for cardiac rehabilitation. It discusses assessing patient risk and stratifying them before creating an individualized exercise plan. The goals of a cardiac rehabilitation program are to improve exercise capacity and reduce cardiac ischemia through aerobic and resistance training 3 times per week for 30 minutes each session at a target heart rate of 70-85% of maximum. Contraindications include unstable angina or new symptoms during exercise. Baseline testing establishes work capacity and excludes issues before developing a safe prescription.
Cvs changes during exercise BY PANDIAN M # MBBS#BDS#BPTH#ALLIED SCIENCESPandian M
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF EXERCISE - Dynamic exercise, static exercise
AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC EXERCISES
METABOLISM IN AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC EXERCISES
SEVERITY OF EXERCISE- Mild exercise, moderate exercise, severe exercise
EFFECTS OF EXERCISE- On blood, on blood volume, on heart rate, on cardiac output, on venous return, on blood flow to skeletal muscles, on blood pressure
This document discusses whether stretching decreases injury and performance. It begins by defining concepts like flexibility, warm ups, dynamic stretching, and physiology related to stretching. It then reviews evidence that stretching 3 times per day but not before exercise can decrease injury risk and does not impact performance. Dynamic warmups that progress from general to sport specific and do not cause fatigue are shown to decrease injury risk without decreasing performance. The conclusion is that static stretching 3 times per day but not before exercise, and dynamic warmups before exercise that avoid fatigue can both decrease injury risk without decreasing performance.
Clinical exercise testing is used increasingly in clinical practice for two main reasons (Wasserman)-Its impact in the clinical decision-making process -A growing awareness that resting cardiopulmonary measurements do not provide a reliable estimate of functional capacity. The following are the most popular clinical exercise tests, in order of increasing complexity: (a) 6-minute walk test (6MWT), (b) shuttle walk test, (c) exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), (d) cardiac stress test, and (e) cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). The modality is selected on the basis of clinical question to be addressed and the available equipment.
Blood flow restriction therapy uses elastic bands or tourniquets to restrict venous blood flow from leaving exercised muscles during low-intensity exercises, causing the muscles to be exposed to metabolic stress similar to high-intensity training. A case study found that using blood flow restriction during low-intensity bicep curls and triceps extensions led to greater increases in blood lactate, heart rate, and perceived exertion compared to the same exercises without restriction. While blood flow restriction allows for muscle gains with lower exercise loads, it can increase risks of delayed muscle soreness, thrombosis, and elevated blood pressure.
These are the slides from the presentation on Blood Flow Restriction Training at the Sports Therapy Organisation National Conference. The information was delivered to an audience of sports therapists. However, it is applicable to all professionals working in health, fitness and sports performance.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document discusses piles (hemorrhoids) and homeopathic treatments. It defines piles as swellings that develop inside and around the anus from enlarged blood vessels. Common causes of piles include straining during bowel movements, constipation, diarrhea, prolonged sitting, obesity, pregnancy, and aging. Homeopathic medicines can effectively treat piles and their symptoms like pain and bleeding without surgery. The top ten homeopathic medicines listed for piles treatment are Sulphur, Acid Nitric, Collinsonia, Acid muriatic, Hamammalis, Aesculus, Ratanhia, Nux-Vomica, Paeonia, and Arsenicum album.
1) Clinical trials in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) face many challenges due to heterogeneity of the condition and unclear pathological mechanisms.
2) Current trials are exploring therapies targeting inflammation, neuroprotection, and repair, with mixed results. Adaptive trial designs may help overcome challenges.
3) Future research priorities include better defining MS phenotypes, identifying pathological drivers of progression, and developing biomarkers to aid trial design and measure treatment response. Several promising therapies are now in late-stage clinical testing.
Utilização de nutrientes na produção de energiaTânia Reis
A respiração celular é o processo através do qual as células, na presença de oxigénio, libertam a energia contida nos nutrientes, produzindo dióxido de carbono, vapor de água e outros produtos tóxicos. As células obtêm energia dos nutrientes como a glucose e produzem resíduos. A experiência mostrou que as células de fígado fresco consumiram oxigénio e produziram dióxido de carbono, evidenciando a respiração celular.
Piles, also known as hemorrhoids, are swollen veins and muscles in the anal canal or around the anus. They often cause bleeding, pain, itching, and protrusion of tissue from the anus. Piles are common during pregnancy or due to straining on the toilet, obesity, lack of fiber, or other factors. Homeopathic medicines can effectively treat piles and their symptoms by addressing the underlying causes without surgery. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and diet can also help prevent piles.
Homeopathic medicines are very highly effective in management of piles and the symptoms associated with it such as pain, bleeding, itching, etc. The point to be emphasized is that the relief of symptoms is obtained with absolute gentleness and without invasion or surgery of any kind. Besides, the condition has high backslide rate taking after surgical treatment, since surgery does not focus on the main drivers such as hereditary inclinations, periodic clogging, and so forth. Homeopathic drugs work at the root level and can change these hereditary inclinations accordingly decreasing odds of backslide and repeat of the condition essentially. Homeopathy treatment reduces the intra abdominal pressure. There are good medicines that relieve constipation which plays major role in developing piles. The common homeopathy medicines are bryonia, alumina, nux vom, anacardium, lycopodium, platina, Homeopathy treatment relieves the pain effectively within a short period of time.
Risk factors in Multiple Sclerosis: Detection and Treatment in Daily Life
Caroline Pot and Patrice Lalive
Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multi Sclerosis Geneva University Hospital
This document provides details on performing a cardiopulmonary assessment through palpation and examination. Key areas assessed by palpation include the sinuses, lymph nodes in the neck, thyroid gland, trachea, chest, pulses, swelling, and apex beat. Examination involves percussion of the chest to evaluate underlying lung tissue and auscultation of the lungs and heart. Auscultation of the lungs assesses breath sounds and adventitious sounds like wheezes and crackles.
Exercise and Heart Rate Recovery 38Journal of Exer.docxMARRY7
Exercise and Heart Rate Recovery
38
Journal of Exercise Physiologyonline
(JEPonline)
Volume 11 February 1 June 2008
Fitness and Training Managing Editor
Tommy Boone, Ph.D.
Editor-in-Chief
Jon K. Linderman, Ph.D.
Review Board
Todd Astorino, Ph.D.
Julien Baker, Ph.D.
Tommy Boone, Ph.D.
Lance Dalleck, Ph.D.
Dan Drury, DPE.
Hermann Engals, Ph.D.
Eric Goulet, Ph.D.
Robert Gotshall, Ph.D.
Melissa Knight-Maloney,
Ph.D.
Len Kravitz, Ph.D.
James Laskin, Ph.D.
Derek Marks, Ph.D.
Cristine Mermier, Ph.D.
Daryl Parker, Ph.D.
Robert Robergs, Ph.D.
Brent Ruby, Ph.D.
Jason Siegler, Ph.D.
Greg Tardie, Ph.D.
Chantal Vella, Ph.D.
Lesley White, Ph.D.
Ben Zhou, Ph.D.
Official Research Journal
of The American Society of
Exercise Physiologists
(ASEP)
ISSN 1097-9751
EFFECT OF EXERCISE PROTOCOL (“WARM-UP”) ON
POST-EXERCISE HEART RATE RECOVERY
GORDON PIERPONT1
1Minneapolis VA Medical Center and University of Minnesota/
Minneapolis, MN, USA
ABSTRACT
Pierpont GL. Effect of Exercise Protocol (“warm-up”) on Post-Exercise
Heart Rate Recovery JEPonline 2008 11(1):38-44. Delayed heart rate
recovery (HRR) from exercise indicates poor prognosis, but effects of
variations in exercise protocol on HRR are unclear. This study was
therefore designed to test the hypothesis that HRR could vary
depending on the protocol used to achieve maximum exercise. Sixteen
healthy volunteers exercised to exhaustion using 2 widely disparate
protocols. Protocol WmUp used a gradually progressive increase in
treadmill speed and elevation, while protocol Sdn was a sudden onset
high level exercise. WmUp resulted in a higher peak heart rate (178 + 6
bpm) than Sdn (170 + 6, p<.001). HRR at 1 min was not significantly
different from the post WmUp (- 41+14 vs. - 44+15 bpm, p = .07).
However, when converted to percent change from maximum (36+10 vs.
42+12%, p = .002), it was significant. By 2 minutes post-exercise there
was no difference in HRR (absolute or percent change). These findings
demonstrate that exercise protocol can affect maximum achievable heart
rate, but the subsequent effect on HRR is too small to be clinically
relevant.
Key Words: Cardiovascular Physiology, Exercise Prescription, Intensity,
Maximal Heart Rate
Exercise and Heart Rate Recovery
39
INTRODUCTION
It is now fairly well established that a delay in heart rate recovery (HRR) following exercise predicts
poor prognosis. This includes risk of sudden death as well as all cause mortality (1). The risk can be
demonstrated in asymptomatic individuals (1-5), the elderly, (6) patients referred for exercise
screening (7-10), and patients with known coronary artery disease (11-13), diabetes mellitus (14),
congestive heart failure (15), and post myocardial infarction (16). It has also been used to predict
subsequent ischemic heart disease (17), ischemic cardiac or cerebrovascular even ...
Optimizing Outcomes in Cardiac Rehabilitation The Importance of Exercise Inte...ssuser4701fb
1) Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation improves outcomes for patients with cardiovascular diseases, but recommendations for exercise prescription and intensity vary internationally.
2) Higher intensity exercise, including high intensity interval training (HIIT), is associated with greater improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness and other health outcomes compared to moderate intensity continuous training.
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2. Aims of this talk 11.01.2014:
Identification of the main targets when
quantifying exercise intensities during
training in PwMS
3. Overview
1. Definitions
2. Introduction
3. Endurance Training
3.1 Maximum Oxygen Consumption(VO2max)
3.2 Maximum Heart rate (HRmax)
3.3 Rating of percieved exertion
3.4 Recommendations
4. Resistance Training
4.1 Normatives
4.2 Quantification of the training intensity
4.3 Conclusions
5. Discussion
4. Definition „Sports therapy“
„Sports therapy is a therapeutic option that
regenerates impaired motor, cognitive and
social functions, prevents secondary injuries
and promotes health orientated behaviours
through the resources of sporting
activities.“ (Schüle, Huber, 2004)
Nice
Training !
5. Differences to Physiotherapy?
• No sports therapy
in the acute phases
• Patients must be
able to stand or
walk
• Mainly group
therapy
6. Introduction
• MS is a chronic disease of the central
nervous system (CNS) and is
accompanied by varying
inflammatory manifestations,
demyelinization and axonal loss.
Brück 2005
7. Introduction
• PwMS develop impaired functional capacity and
deficts in cardiovascular functions
(Mostert and Kesselring 2002; NG Kent Braun 1997)
• MS is associated with reduced physical activity
(Motl 2005)
• Inactivation often results in comorbidities which
further decrease health status
(White & Dressendorfer 2004)
9. Exercise = Relapses ?
• MS-relapses are not associated with exercise
• Results of retrospective analysis show that high levels of
exercise are not harmful in PwMS
10. Exercise and disease progression ?
• Data show that exercise has the potential of disease-
modifying effects
11. Effects of exercise in PwMS ?
• Long-termed progressive strength and
endrance training intervention over six
months
• Significant improvements of walking speed
(500m walking test)
12. Why exercise PwMS ?
• Endurance exercise and resistance training influences
fatigue and quality of life
• Endurance 11 (1 RCT) , Resistance 4 (1 RCT),
Combined 5 (1 RCT)
13. Why exercise PwMS ?
• Endurance exercise under immersion enhances BDNF
regulation
• Moderate exercise intensities were well tolerated
although PwMS were severely fatigued and impaired
14. Introduction
Taken together
• The beneficial effects are well studied
• Effects on cytokine response, fatigue
and cardiorespiratory fitness are
promising
• Important aspect of rehabilitation in
PwMS
18. Limitating factors of
VO2 max.
LUNGS
HEART
BLOOD
central
VESSELS
MUSCLE
peripherial
VO2 max. =
CO
x
a-vO2
difference
(Cardiac Output =
HR x SV)
Wasserman et.al 2004
19. KO / GA I GA I/II GA II WK
Test start Threshold 1 (LT) Test stop
Aerobic, LT
Aerobic-anaerobic
Anaerobic, RCP
Training zones
Physiological Zones
Training Zones
Extensive Stamina
Aktive Regeneration,
long slow
Moderate endurance
Intensive
Endurance
Basic endurance ability Transistion Zone Stamina Supramax.
Threshold 2 (RCP)
20. Example of CPET with MS-Patient
• MS since 1979;
EDSS 5.0
• Relapsing,
remitting, since
2010 secondary
progressive
21. Example of CPET with MS-Patient
• MS since 1979;
EDSS 5.0
• Relapsing,
remitting, since
2010 secondary
progressive
22. Example of CPET with MS-Patient
• MS since 1979;
EDSS 5.0
• Relapsing,
remitting, since
2010 secondary
progressive
23. 3.2 Heart rate peak (HRmax)
Age predicted maximum heart rate
(HRmax):
220 – Age (upright) or
210 – Age (cycle)
(SD +/- 10 beats)
Chronotropic incompetence: Normal trained subjects
will not achieve the calculated values!
(Wassermann et al. 2005)
24. 3.2 HRpeak
• Better Karvonen formula (1975)
(HRmax – HRrest) * X + HRrest
(SD +/- five beats)
(HRmax – HR rest) = Heart rate Reserve (HRR),
X = exercise factor (0.65, 0.7, 0.8) dependent of
training status
25. Comparison of estimated training heart rates via formulas
with threshold values
(Data given as means, SD and p-values of given heart rates)
180-LA;p>0.05
(210-LA)*0,65;p>0.05
(210-LA)*0,70;p>0.05
(210-LA)*0,75;p>0.05
(210-LA)*0,80;p<0.05)
170-0,5LA;p<0.05
65%Hfmax;p>0.05
70%Hfmax;p>0.05
80%Hfmax;p>0.05
75%IANS
85%IANS
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
MeanHR(beats*min-1)
Rheuma
Neuro
Rheuma-75-85%IANS
Neuro 75-85%IANS
Fenzl and Brockmann SGSM 2006; 54(4): 117-120
26. 3.1 Rating of percieved exertion (RPE)
Intensity Very
light
Fairly
light
Some-
what
hard
Hard Very hard
RPE with Borg
sclaes: 6-20 or
(1-10)
8-9
(1-2)
10-12
(3-4)
13-14
5-6)
15-16
(7-8)
17-20
(9-10)
RPE (Speech) Steadysp
eech
Prattling Whole
senten-
ces
Exchange of
words
Strongly
accelerated
breathing
% Heart rate
peak (highest
value achieved
in
CPET)
60-70% 70-80% 80-90% 90-95% 95-100%
% VO2peak 45-55% 55-70% 70-80% 80-90% 90-100%
Training modes Regen-
eration
Exten-
sive in-
tensities
Inten-
sive
Endurance
run > 2h
Stamina,
Competitions
27. Diagnostical Drawbacks
• Borg scales are subjective
measurements
• Interactions with fatigue
• Do the verbal anchors mean the
same for clinical groups ?
28. 3.5 Recommandtions for Endurance
training
Extensive Intervalltraining…
“.. implements intensive exercise
bouts on the peripherical muscles
which are lower and less intense for
the cardiopulmonal system.“
Meyer et al. Z Kardiol 1998;87:8-14.
“..leads to significant training effects
that are equal to those performed
with continuous intensities but use
double the amount of time.”Kortianou
et al, Cardiopulm Phys Ther 2012;21(3):12-19.
29. 3.5 Recommandtions for Endurance
training
“Higher training levels lead to short-term
immune adaptations that influence HR-QOL,
fatigue and cardiorespiratory fitness in PwMS.”
Bansi et al, J Neurol 2013;260(12):2993-3001
31. Resistance Training in PwMS ?
• 12 weeks of PRT
improved strength of
knee flexors and
extensors
• Significant effects
compared to control
group on MVC
Dalgas et al. Mult Scler
2010;16(4):480-490
32. Why Resistance Training
Florida Group:
White et al. Mult Scler
2004; 10: 668-674
• Within group effects
for resistance
training on MVC
• Fatigue Reduction on
the MFIS
33. Why Resistance Training
Skjerbaek et al:
Mult Scler 2013; 19(7): 932-
940
• Higher core
temperatures for
endurance than for
resistance training
• Significant correlations
to subjective symptom
intentensity
35. Quantification of Intensity
Variation 2: Dynamometer
• Determination of maximum strength
through by means of three reference
exercises: bench presses, bench
traction, and leg presses
37. Recommendations Valens clinic :
Combined training for PwMS: 3x / Week
Endurance training twice over 30 - 60 Min
with 70% of HRpeak
Progressive resistance training twice per
week with 65-70% of 1-RPM
Further activation in form of ADL or
leisurely activities using lower intensities
(< 50% of HRpeak)
38. Conclusions
Literature gives very pricise spezifications
which are not always feasible in training
practice (laboratory conditions, cost
intensive instruments)
Training should be individually suited so
that specified goals can be maintained
For resistance training: PwMS should
exhausted be at the end of the series
39. Conclusions
Endurance and resistance training are
important aspects during standardized
rehabilitation with PwMS
Quantified status of cardiorerespiratory
fitness influences HR-QoL and fatigue in
PwMS
Moderate training intensities are then well
tolerated by PwMS
40. Thank you for your
attention !
www.kliniken-valens.ch
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