Poverty of the mind is regarded as poor self-concept or image, a feeling of inadequacy and lack of will to achieve the object of one’s desires. Students who are poor at the mind tend to lack resolute determination and the will to succeed. They are not motivated, they lack unwavering faith in achieving anything worth-while, they are contented in their misery – “little world” and are wishful thinkers.
Curriculum development and teaching methodology forAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on curriculum development and teaching methodology for effective learning in secondary schools in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. The study aimed to identify problems in curriculum distribution, factors affecting curriculum development and teaching, and the role of teachers and funding. A questionnaire was administered to 200 teachers and 40 education officers. The findings showed key problems as lack of teacher access to curricula, underproduction of curricula, and inadequate rural teacher information. Factors identified were use of inefficient writers, frequent reviews, and limited writing hours. The roles of teachers included classroom planning, student counseling, and creating instructional materials. Problems with funding included diversion of funds, delayed releases, and irregular management. No significant gender
This document provides an overview of a study on the development of education in Bidar District, Karnataka, India from 2000 to 2011. It includes the following key points:
1. The introduction outlines the importance of education as an instrument for individual, societal and economic transformation in India since independence in 1947.
2. The need and importance of the study is to understand trends and patterns in educational attainment in Bidar District over the past decade and identify areas for improvement.
3. The objectives of the study are to examine the development of primary, secondary, higher, technical and professional education as well as overall educational progress and gender differences in Bidar District from 2000 to 2011.
Selected Head Teachers Leadership Styles and Their Influence on Pupils Academ...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Kenya Government has invested resources on Free Primary Education in order to improve on the pupil’s academic performance. Despite the high investment in training school heads, the performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) in many schools is still low especially in Tindiret Sub-County. This may be attributed to several influences of headteachers leadership styles among other factors. Poor academic performance in some schools has resulted to public outcry, protests by parents. This study investigated the extent to which selected headteachers’ leadership styles influences pupils’ academic performance. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 76 headteachers and 532 teachers in Tindiret Sub-County. Two-self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain data on headteachers’ and teachers’ perceptions on school leadership styles in relation to academic performance. Document analysis of KCPE results gathered information about the school KCPE performance from 2011 to 2014. The results of the study’s findings were that, the autocratic and laissez faire leadership styles had significant negative relationship with school performance in schools. Democratic and transformational leadership styles had significant positive relationship (p<0.05) with academic performance of schools. The study recommends that school head teachers to involve other stakeholders in decision making, they should involve teachers and pupils in setting school targets, they should hold regular meetings and champion the application of transformational leadership ideals.
Reflections on pedagogical and curriculum implementation at orang asli school...Norwaliza Abdul Wahab
This study examined curriculum and pedagogical approaches at Orang Asli (indigenous Malaysian people) primary schools through interviews with teachers. The main finding was that pedagogical practices and curriculum content need to be improved for indigenous students. Teachers indicated that indigenous students learn best through fun, hands-on, holistic methods that incorporate their culture and language. The study recommends training teachers in indigenous pedagogy and re-examining the curriculum to include more culturally relevant content.
Pedagogical Influences on Students’ Academic Achievements in KCSE in Public S...paperpublications3
1) The document discusses factors that influence student academic performance in KCSE examinations in Manga Sub County, Kenya. It examines the impact of pedagogy, teaching/learning resources, teacher motivation, and teacher experience.
2) The study found that pedagogy influences performance, with student-centered methods like discussions and projects leading to better outcomes than lecture-based teaching.
3) It also found that availability of teaching/learning materials like textbooks positively impacts performance, while inadequate or ineffective use of facilities hinders curriculum delivery and performance.
4) The document concludes that high teacher motivation, through better rewards and working conditions, increases teacher commitment and morale, leading to improved syllabus coverage and ultimately better student
Determinants of academic performance in kenya certificate of secondary educat...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study investigating the determinants of academic performance on the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) exam in Kiambu County, Kenya from 2007-2010. The study found that:
1) Many schools lacked well-equipped science laboratories and libraries. Lecture-based teaching was dominant over other methods.
2) Most students entered secondary school with weak academic backgrounds, scoring 201-300/500 on the KCPE exam.
3) Supervision of curriculum implementation was insufficient, and syllabus coverage was often incomplete.
Poverty of the mind is regarded as poor self-concept or image, a feeling of inadequacy and lack of will to achieve the object of one’s desires. Students who are poor at the mind tend to lack resolute determination and the will to succeed. They are not motivated, they lack unwavering faith in achieving anything worth-while, they are contented in their misery – “little world” and are wishful thinkers.
Curriculum development and teaching methodology forAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on curriculum development and teaching methodology for effective learning in secondary schools in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. The study aimed to identify problems in curriculum distribution, factors affecting curriculum development and teaching, and the role of teachers and funding. A questionnaire was administered to 200 teachers and 40 education officers. The findings showed key problems as lack of teacher access to curricula, underproduction of curricula, and inadequate rural teacher information. Factors identified were use of inefficient writers, frequent reviews, and limited writing hours. The roles of teachers included classroom planning, student counseling, and creating instructional materials. Problems with funding included diversion of funds, delayed releases, and irregular management. No significant gender
This document provides an overview of a study on the development of education in Bidar District, Karnataka, India from 2000 to 2011. It includes the following key points:
1. The introduction outlines the importance of education as an instrument for individual, societal and economic transformation in India since independence in 1947.
2. The need and importance of the study is to understand trends and patterns in educational attainment in Bidar District over the past decade and identify areas for improvement.
3. The objectives of the study are to examine the development of primary, secondary, higher, technical and professional education as well as overall educational progress and gender differences in Bidar District from 2000 to 2011.
Selected Head Teachers Leadership Styles and Their Influence on Pupils Academ...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Kenya Government has invested resources on Free Primary Education in order to improve on the pupil’s academic performance. Despite the high investment in training school heads, the performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) in many schools is still low especially in Tindiret Sub-County. This may be attributed to several influences of headteachers leadership styles among other factors. Poor academic performance in some schools has resulted to public outcry, protests by parents. This study investigated the extent to which selected headteachers’ leadership styles influences pupils’ academic performance. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 76 headteachers and 532 teachers in Tindiret Sub-County. Two-self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain data on headteachers’ and teachers’ perceptions on school leadership styles in relation to academic performance. Document analysis of KCPE results gathered information about the school KCPE performance from 2011 to 2014. The results of the study’s findings were that, the autocratic and laissez faire leadership styles had significant negative relationship with school performance in schools. Democratic and transformational leadership styles had significant positive relationship (p<0.05) with academic performance of schools. The study recommends that school head teachers to involve other stakeholders in decision making, they should involve teachers and pupils in setting school targets, they should hold regular meetings and champion the application of transformational leadership ideals.
Reflections on pedagogical and curriculum implementation at orang asli school...Norwaliza Abdul Wahab
This study examined curriculum and pedagogical approaches at Orang Asli (indigenous Malaysian people) primary schools through interviews with teachers. The main finding was that pedagogical practices and curriculum content need to be improved for indigenous students. Teachers indicated that indigenous students learn best through fun, hands-on, holistic methods that incorporate their culture and language. The study recommends training teachers in indigenous pedagogy and re-examining the curriculum to include more culturally relevant content.
Pedagogical Influences on Students’ Academic Achievements in KCSE in Public S...paperpublications3
1) The document discusses factors that influence student academic performance in KCSE examinations in Manga Sub County, Kenya. It examines the impact of pedagogy, teaching/learning resources, teacher motivation, and teacher experience.
2) The study found that pedagogy influences performance, with student-centered methods like discussions and projects leading to better outcomes than lecture-based teaching.
3) It also found that availability of teaching/learning materials like textbooks positively impacts performance, while inadequate or ineffective use of facilities hinders curriculum delivery and performance.
4) The document concludes that high teacher motivation, through better rewards and working conditions, increases teacher commitment and morale, leading to improved syllabus coverage and ultimately better student
Determinants of academic performance in kenya certificate of secondary educat...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study investigating the determinants of academic performance on the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) exam in Kiambu County, Kenya from 2007-2010. The study found that:
1) Many schools lacked well-equipped science laboratories and libraries. Lecture-based teaching was dominant over other methods.
2) Most students entered secondary school with weak academic backgrounds, scoring 201-300/500 on the KCPE exam.
3) Supervision of curriculum implementation was insufficient, and syllabus coverage was often incomplete.
Bridging the gap between educational needs for development and current educat...Alexander Decker
This document discusses the current state of education in Sylhet, Bangladesh and identifies gaps between educational needs and the existing education system. Key findings include:
1. Education rates in Sylhet are among the lowest in Bangladesh despite the region having significant natural resources and human capital.
2. The study analyzes both qualitative and quantitative data to understand educational development challenges in Sylhet. It tests several hypotheses about factors hindering development.
3. Preliminary results suggest lack of quality teachers, inadequate educational infrastructure, limited vocational programs, and underinvestment in education negatively impact Sylhet's development. Recommendations will provide strategies to close gaps between needs and the current education system.
Effect Of Supervised Peer-Led Group Counselling Programme On Academic Achieve...iosrjce
Recent trends in global circumstances have focused on one goal of educating every child on the globe.
The growing problems of quality manpower shortages, international circumstances, and advancement in the
sciences, professional and specialized fields have contributed to the increasing awareness of the importance of
modifying academic achievement of underachieving students. In today’s society, according to Howard and
Solberg (2006), education is highly valued and a necessary prerequisite to becoming successful and
experiencing at least a moderately high quality of life as an adult. It is important to note that academic
achievements is very important to the adolescent population and as submitted by Marsh (1990) it is extremely
important given the correlation between school achievement and positive outcomes over the life span
Assessment of Prospective Teachers Attitudes towards Teaching Profession: The...iosrjce
Quality education is an indispensable instrument for national development. However the provision of
quality education depends largely on the quality of teachers. Similarly, teacher education programme is
designed to produce teacher with requisite training and sound professional background which requires a
favourable attitude and certain specific competencies. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the
Northwest University, Kano prospective teachers’ attitudes towards profession of teaching. Field of study,
gender and level of study’s influence on their attitude were also examined. A descriptive survey design was
adopted with a sample of 220 prospective teachers selected using a stratified random sampling technique.
Professional Attitude Scale for Prospective Teachers (PASPT) constructed and validated by the researchers was
used to collect data. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Independent Sample t-test
to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that prospective teachers have positive
attitude towards the profession. Similarly, asignificant gender difference was observed in their attitudes towards
the profession. However theresults further showed no significant difference in the prospective teachers’
attitudes towards the profession in relation to field of study and level of study.The implication is that,
thisfavourable attitude towards teaching profession will bring about professional competence in the future
practice.The study recommended among others, that further study should be conducted to investigate the factors
responsible for the favourable or unfavourable attitude of prospective teachers towards teaching profession
which will provide an insight on how stakeholders can bring attitudinal change towards the teaching profession.
A comparative study of secondary school students’ performanceAlexander Decker
This study compared the performance of secondary school students in English and Social Studies in Osun State, Nigeria. The following key points are summarized:
1. Test results from 800 students across 10 schools showed a significant difference in performance between English and Social Studies, with higher average scores in Social Studies.
2. Scores varied significantly across the 10 schools in both subjects.
3. However, gender, school location, and school type (public vs. private) were not found to significantly influence student performance in either subject.
4. The researchers concluded students performed better in Social Studies than English, possibly due to factors other than English language proficiency influencing Social Studies understanding. Consistent teacher training was recommended to
Effect of gender on students academic achievement in secondary school social ...Alexander Decker
1) The study investigated the effect of gender on academic achievement in Social Studies among 180 secondary school students in Delta and Edo States, Nigeria.
2) The results showed that gender had no significant effect on student achievement in Social Studies, though females in the experimental groups gained more than males.
3) There was a significant interaction effect found between the teaching strategies (simulation games, brainstorming, lecture method) and gender on student academic achievement in Social Studies. Specifically, males performed better with simulation games and lecture method while females performed better with brainstorming.
Assessment of attitude of education students towards teaching practice in na...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that assessed the attitudes of education students towards teaching practice at Nasarawa State University Keffi in Nigeria. The study found that (1) students generally showed a positive attitude towards teaching practice, but (2) female students showed a more positive attitude than male students. It also identified several problems hindering effective teaching practice. The study concluded that adopting strategies to improve student attitudes could have a positive impact, and recommended establishing a micro-teaching laboratory to better prepare students for practical experience before sending them to schools.
11.fracas over privatisation quality assurance and corruption in indian highe...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes the state of higher education in India. It discusses issues with privatization of education leading to profit-motive and lack of infrastructure/quality. It also notes disparities in access to education between rural/urban, gender, religion, and socioeconomic groups. While India has many universities, overall quality is low with few ranked globally. The document calls for reforms to improve access, equity and quality through regulation and accountability.
1. The document discusses globalization and its impact on education, particularly for the Kawar tribe in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra, India.
2. It finds that the literacy rate of the Kawar tribe is only 23.97%, with most education attained being primary level. Higher education rates are very low at under 5%.
3. While some changes have occurred due to education, such as in standard of living and occupation, most Kawar tribe members are unaware of globalization and its goals for education. They see education primarily as a means to employment due to poverty limiting higher education attainment.
A comparative study of government and private secondaryAlexander Decker
1. The study aimed to compare the teaching attitudes of government and private secondary school teachers in India towards their profession.
2. 200 teachers were surveyed using a teaching attitude scale, with 100 government teachers and 100 private teachers.
3. The results showed that government secondary school teachers had significantly higher teaching attitudes than private secondary school teachers. Attitudes also differed between male and female teachers within each school type.
A sociological analysis of lack of stakeholders participation as a major cons...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the lack of stakeholder participation as a major factor in low quality education in Pakistan. The study found that inadequate infrastructure, cheating on exams, poor management, lack of teacher commitment and motivation, and parental disinterest all contribute to low stakeholder participation in Pakistan's education system. Factors like poor school environment, lack of awareness about education importance, insufficient teacher training, and teachers' lack of subject knowledge negatively impact student enrollment rates. Improving school administration, reforming education plans, increasing accountability, revising curricula, and boosting education quality could increase stakeholder participation in Pakistan's education sector.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the influence of teachers' professional competencies on student achievement. The study used a quantitative research design and survey methodology. Data analysis revealed that teachers' professional knowledge in terms of teaching practices and technology integration had a positive significant impact on student achievement. The study also found teachers had high self-perceptions of their professional development in improving professional knowledge and technology integration. The study concluded that teachers' self-development in content, pedagogical and technological knowledge significantly positively impacts student achievement.
Factors Related to Secondary School Students’ Choice of Agriculture Subject i...iosrjce
In Kenya, subjects that students choose have a lot of influence on their careers. The Ministry of
Education (MOE) in Kenya requires that secondary school students register for a minimum of seven and a
maximum of nine subjects when they join form three. These subjects are grouped into various categories
including; Sciences, Languages, Humanities, Technicals and Foreign languages. Agriculture is grouped among
the many Technical subjects, which students only select one, despite its prospects in several careers like
veterinary medicine, zoology, forestry and teaching among others. This situation of subject choice is the same in
Uriri Sub-County where several technical subjects are offered in secondary schools. In the recent past, the
number of students taking Agriculture has recorded an increase. Due to the key importance of Agriculture in the
economy, there is need to maintain this upward trend. This study sought to find out the influence of involvement
in peer group activities and students’ interest on the choice to study Agriculture among secondary school
students in Uriri Sub-County. The study employed ex-post facto research design. The target population in the
study was 262 form three students who had opted for Agriculture. 152 Agriculture students were drawn by
proportionate stratified random sampling. A questionnaire with closed ended items was used to collect data.
Data collection was preceded by a pilot test whose analysis resulted in a reliability coefficient of 0.78 indicating
that the instrument was reliable. Data was analysed using SPSS package version 22 and presented using
frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics (chi-square) was used test hypotheses at α=0.05. Involvement
in peer group activities was found to be high but did not statistically influence the choice of Agriculture while
students’ interest in Agriculture was high and statistically influenced the decision to study Agriculture.
This document summarizes a research paper on maintaining the Malay medium of instruction policy in Malaysia's educational system. It discusses how Malaysia adopted the British colonial education system after independence but has since converted all schools and universities to use Malay as the primary language of instruction. The transition took over 25 years to fully implement. Research found that using Malay as the medium of instruction has not hindered education and Malaysia has developed terminologies and expertise in many fields like medicine and science during this period, showing the viability of Malay for higher education. The paper argues this policy supports national integration and identity in Malaysia's multiethnic society.
Challenges of Free Primary Education on KCPE Examination Performance in Publi...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Kenya certificate of pimary education (KCPE) is crucial since it is the indicator of a child’s basic education. The objectives of the study were to: determine the effects of enrolment of pupils on KCPE examinations performance, determine the effects of pupil to teacher ratio on KCPE examinations performance, find out the effects of pupil to textbook ratio on KCPE examinations performance, determine whether there is any significant improvement of KCPE in public primary schools of Kemera Division after the introduction of FPE using a chi square analysis and find out the effects of physical facilities on KCPE examinations performance in public primary schools. The literature was reviewed using the sub themes from the objectives. The study used stratified random sampling and descriptive design. The instruments used were questionnaires, interview schedules, focused group discussions and observations checklist. The total target population was 18 primary schools, 8326 pupils, 204 teachers 18 Head teachers, 180 school committee members and 2 education officers. The total population sampled was 372.The target groups from whom data was collected were pupils of class 4-8, teachers, Head teachers, school committee members and educational officers in the Division. The sample size constituted of 250 pupils, 80 teachers, 30 committee members, 10 Head teachers and 2 education officers in the Division .The study found out that enrolment was high, schools had uneven distribution of teachers, pupil to textbook ratio was inadequate and physical facilities were not enough. Chi square analysis showed no significant improvement in KCPE performance in the schools of the Division after the introduction of FPE. The study recommended that disbursement of funds to be sent in time to cater for high enrolment, Teacher to pupil ratio to be improved, Pupil to textbook ratio to be at 1:1, physical facilities to be improved and these would bring quality education and good KCPE results. The results obtained would be useful in informing policy on the improvement of the KCPE performance in the Division.
This document discusses a study that investigated the competency needs of principals for effective school
administration in Nigeria. The study aimed to identify the instructional leadership, personnel management, and
financial management skills needed by principals. A survey was administered to 100 principals in secondary schools
in South West Nigeria. The results showed that principals perceived all items as important instructional leadership
and personnel management skills. For financial management skills, raising funds through school fees, government
grants, and community donations were seen as important. The study highlights the need to ensure principals have
the proper competencies to effectively administer schools and improve the poor academic performance of students
in Nigeria.
Students’ Engagement in Scientific Approach Based Learning and Its Effect on ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSRJRME) is an open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of research & method in education. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced research & method in education concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
This document is a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of a Master's degree in Special Education. It assesses the preparedness of general education teachers to educate students with special needs. The number of students with disabilities being educated in general education classrooms has risen significantly in recent decades. However, many teachers feel unprepared to meet the needs of these students due to insufficient training in special education. This study aims to better understand teachers' perceptions of their preparedness through anonymous surveys and interviews. The results could help inform administrators about professional development needs to help teachers be more effective in inclusive classrooms.
Influence of home based factors on internal efficiency primary schools in bun...Alexander Decker
This study examined how home-based factors influence the internal efficiency of primary schools in Bungoma North and Kimilili-Bungoma Districts in Kenya. The study found that parental level of education, occupation, income, and the language used at home influenced pupils' academic performance. Specifically, fathers' level of education was a significant predictor of pupils' performance, with pupils' KCPE scores improving by 16.973 points with higher paternal education levels. Home-based factors accounted for 6.1% of the variation in KCPE results.
Planned instructional supervision, a bivariate outcomeAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study on the influence of instructional leadership and curriculum planning on instructional supervision in secondary schools in Nigeria. The study administered questionnaires to 254 secondary school teachers. The results indicated that instructional leadership programs and curriculum planning both have a significant influence on instructional supervision. The document provides context on the roles of principals and supervisors in curriculum planning, instructional leadership, and supervision. It also discusses definitions and purposes of instructional supervision in secondary education.
IMPACT OF TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC...Kimberly Williams
This document summarizes a study that examined the impact of teacher characteristics on student academic performance in public secondary schools in Nigeria. The study used a survey design and collected data from 400 students across 3 schools. The findings showed that teachers' knowledge of the subject matter and teaching method had a significant positive relationship with student academic performance. Specifically, teachers who demonstrated mastery of the subject content, answered student questions well, and used varied teaching methods like field trips had a stronger impact on student learning and exam scores compared to those who relied solely on lectures. The study recommends ongoing teacher evaluation and professional development to help ensure teachers are effectively carrying out their duties.
Curriculum development and teaching methodology forAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on curriculum development and teaching methodology for effective learning in secondary schools in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. The study aimed to identify problems in curriculum distribution, factors affecting curriculum development and teaching, and the role of teachers and funding. A questionnaire was administered to 200 teachers and 40 education officers. The findings showed key problems as lack of teacher access to curricula, underproduction of curricula, and inadequate rural teacher information. Factors identified were use of inefficient writers and editors, frequent curriculum reviews, and insufficient time. The roles of teachers included classroom instruction planning, student counseling, and creating teaching materials. Problems with funding included diversion of funds, delayed releases, and irregular management. No
Bridging the gap between educational needs for development and current educat...Alexander Decker
This document discusses the current state of education in Sylhet, Bangladesh and identifies gaps between educational needs and the existing education system. Key findings include:
1. Education rates in Sylhet are among the lowest in Bangladesh despite the region having significant natural resources and human capital.
2. The study analyzes both qualitative and quantitative data to understand educational development challenges in Sylhet. It tests several hypotheses about factors hindering development.
3. Preliminary results suggest lack of quality teachers, inadequate educational infrastructure, limited vocational programs, and underinvestment in education negatively impact Sylhet's development. Recommendations will provide strategies to close gaps between needs and the current education system.
Effect Of Supervised Peer-Led Group Counselling Programme On Academic Achieve...iosrjce
Recent trends in global circumstances have focused on one goal of educating every child on the globe.
The growing problems of quality manpower shortages, international circumstances, and advancement in the
sciences, professional and specialized fields have contributed to the increasing awareness of the importance of
modifying academic achievement of underachieving students. In today’s society, according to Howard and
Solberg (2006), education is highly valued and a necessary prerequisite to becoming successful and
experiencing at least a moderately high quality of life as an adult. It is important to note that academic
achievements is very important to the adolescent population and as submitted by Marsh (1990) it is extremely
important given the correlation between school achievement and positive outcomes over the life span
Assessment of Prospective Teachers Attitudes towards Teaching Profession: The...iosrjce
Quality education is an indispensable instrument for national development. However the provision of
quality education depends largely on the quality of teachers. Similarly, teacher education programme is
designed to produce teacher with requisite training and sound professional background which requires a
favourable attitude and certain specific competencies. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the
Northwest University, Kano prospective teachers’ attitudes towards profession of teaching. Field of study,
gender and level of study’s influence on their attitude were also examined. A descriptive survey design was
adopted with a sample of 220 prospective teachers selected using a stratified random sampling technique.
Professional Attitude Scale for Prospective Teachers (PASPT) constructed and validated by the researchers was
used to collect data. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Independent Sample t-test
to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that prospective teachers have positive
attitude towards the profession. Similarly, asignificant gender difference was observed in their attitudes towards
the profession. However theresults further showed no significant difference in the prospective teachers’
attitudes towards the profession in relation to field of study and level of study.The implication is that,
thisfavourable attitude towards teaching profession will bring about professional competence in the future
practice.The study recommended among others, that further study should be conducted to investigate the factors
responsible for the favourable or unfavourable attitude of prospective teachers towards teaching profession
which will provide an insight on how stakeholders can bring attitudinal change towards the teaching profession.
A comparative study of secondary school students’ performanceAlexander Decker
This study compared the performance of secondary school students in English and Social Studies in Osun State, Nigeria. The following key points are summarized:
1. Test results from 800 students across 10 schools showed a significant difference in performance between English and Social Studies, with higher average scores in Social Studies.
2. Scores varied significantly across the 10 schools in both subjects.
3. However, gender, school location, and school type (public vs. private) were not found to significantly influence student performance in either subject.
4. The researchers concluded students performed better in Social Studies than English, possibly due to factors other than English language proficiency influencing Social Studies understanding. Consistent teacher training was recommended to
Effect of gender on students academic achievement in secondary school social ...Alexander Decker
1) The study investigated the effect of gender on academic achievement in Social Studies among 180 secondary school students in Delta and Edo States, Nigeria.
2) The results showed that gender had no significant effect on student achievement in Social Studies, though females in the experimental groups gained more than males.
3) There was a significant interaction effect found between the teaching strategies (simulation games, brainstorming, lecture method) and gender on student academic achievement in Social Studies. Specifically, males performed better with simulation games and lecture method while females performed better with brainstorming.
Assessment of attitude of education students towards teaching practice in na...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that assessed the attitudes of education students towards teaching practice at Nasarawa State University Keffi in Nigeria. The study found that (1) students generally showed a positive attitude towards teaching practice, but (2) female students showed a more positive attitude than male students. It also identified several problems hindering effective teaching practice. The study concluded that adopting strategies to improve student attitudes could have a positive impact, and recommended establishing a micro-teaching laboratory to better prepare students for practical experience before sending them to schools.
11.fracas over privatisation quality assurance and corruption in indian highe...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes the state of higher education in India. It discusses issues with privatization of education leading to profit-motive and lack of infrastructure/quality. It also notes disparities in access to education between rural/urban, gender, religion, and socioeconomic groups. While India has many universities, overall quality is low with few ranked globally. The document calls for reforms to improve access, equity and quality through regulation and accountability.
1. The document discusses globalization and its impact on education, particularly for the Kawar tribe in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra, India.
2. It finds that the literacy rate of the Kawar tribe is only 23.97%, with most education attained being primary level. Higher education rates are very low at under 5%.
3. While some changes have occurred due to education, such as in standard of living and occupation, most Kawar tribe members are unaware of globalization and its goals for education. They see education primarily as a means to employment due to poverty limiting higher education attainment.
A comparative study of government and private secondaryAlexander Decker
1. The study aimed to compare the teaching attitudes of government and private secondary school teachers in India towards their profession.
2. 200 teachers were surveyed using a teaching attitude scale, with 100 government teachers and 100 private teachers.
3. The results showed that government secondary school teachers had significantly higher teaching attitudes than private secondary school teachers. Attitudes also differed between male and female teachers within each school type.
A sociological analysis of lack of stakeholders participation as a major cons...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the lack of stakeholder participation as a major factor in low quality education in Pakistan. The study found that inadequate infrastructure, cheating on exams, poor management, lack of teacher commitment and motivation, and parental disinterest all contribute to low stakeholder participation in Pakistan's education system. Factors like poor school environment, lack of awareness about education importance, insufficient teacher training, and teachers' lack of subject knowledge negatively impact student enrollment rates. Improving school administration, reforming education plans, increasing accountability, revising curricula, and boosting education quality could increase stakeholder participation in Pakistan's education sector.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the influence of teachers' professional competencies on student achievement. The study used a quantitative research design and survey methodology. Data analysis revealed that teachers' professional knowledge in terms of teaching practices and technology integration had a positive significant impact on student achievement. The study also found teachers had high self-perceptions of their professional development in improving professional knowledge and technology integration. The study concluded that teachers' self-development in content, pedagogical and technological knowledge significantly positively impacts student achievement.
Factors Related to Secondary School Students’ Choice of Agriculture Subject i...iosrjce
In Kenya, subjects that students choose have a lot of influence on their careers. The Ministry of
Education (MOE) in Kenya requires that secondary school students register for a minimum of seven and a
maximum of nine subjects when they join form three. These subjects are grouped into various categories
including; Sciences, Languages, Humanities, Technicals and Foreign languages. Agriculture is grouped among
the many Technical subjects, which students only select one, despite its prospects in several careers like
veterinary medicine, zoology, forestry and teaching among others. This situation of subject choice is the same in
Uriri Sub-County where several technical subjects are offered in secondary schools. In the recent past, the
number of students taking Agriculture has recorded an increase. Due to the key importance of Agriculture in the
economy, there is need to maintain this upward trend. This study sought to find out the influence of involvement
in peer group activities and students’ interest on the choice to study Agriculture among secondary school
students in Uriri Sub-County. The study employed ex-post facto research design. The target population in the
study was 262 form three students who had opted for Agriculture. 152 Agriculture students were drawn by
proportionate stratified random sampling. A questionnaire with closed ended items was used to collect data.
Data collection was preceded by a pilot test whose analysis resulted in a reliability coefficient of 0.78 indicating
that the instrument was reliable. Data was analysed using SPSS package version 22 and presented using
frequencies and percentages. Inferential statistics (chi-square) was used test hypotheses at α=0.05. Involvement
in peer group activities was found to be high but did not statistically influence the choice of Agriculture while
students’ interest in Agriculture was high and statistically influenced the decision to study Agriculture.
This document summarizes a research paper on maintaining the Malay medium of instruction policy in Malaysia's educational system. It discusses how Malaysia adopted the British colonial education system after independence but has since converted all schools and universities to use Malay as the primary language of instruction. The transition took over 25 years to fully implement. Research found that using Malay as the medium of instruction has not hindered education and Malaysia has developed terminologies and expertise in many fields like medicine and science during this period, showing the viability of Malay for higher education. The paper argues this policy supports national integration and identity in Malaysia's multiethnic society.
Challenges of Free Primary Education on KCPE Examination Performance in Publi...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Kenya certificate of pimary education (KCPE) is crucial since it is the indicator of a child’s basic education. The objectives of the study were to: determine the effects of enrolment of pupils on KCPE examinations performance, determine the effects of pupil to teacher ratio on KCPE examinations performance, find out the effects of pupil to textbook ratio on KCPE examinations performance, determine whether there is any significant improvement of KCPE in public primary schools of Kemera Division after the introduction of FPE using a chi square analysis and find out the effects of physical facilities on KCPE examinations performance in public primary schools. The literature was reviewed using the sub themes from the objectives. The study used stratified random sampling and descriptive design. The instruments used were questionnaires, interview schedules, focused group discussions and observations checklist. The total target population was 18 primary schools, 8326 pupils, 204 teachers 18 Head teachers, 180 school committee members and 2 education officers. The total population sampled was 372.The target groups from whom data was collected were pupils of class 4-8, teachers, Head teachers, school committee members and educational officers in the Division. The sample size constituted of 250 pupils, 80 teachers, 30 committee members, 10 Head teachers and 2 education officers in the Division .The study found out that enrolment was high, schools had uneven distribution of teachers, pupil to textbook ratio was inadequate and physical facilities were not enough. Chi square analysis showed no significant improvement in KCPE performance in the schools of the Division after the introduction of FPE. The study recommended that disbursement of funds to be sent in time to cater for high enrolment, Teacher to pupil ratio to be improved, Pupil to textbook ratio to be at 1:1, physical facilities to be improved and these would bring quality education and good KCPE results. The results obtained would be useful in informing policy on the improvement of the KCPE performance in the Division.
This document discusses a study that investigated the competency needs of principals for effective school
administration in Nigeria. The study aimed to identify the instructional leadership, personnel management, and
financial management skills needed by principals. A survey was administered to 100 principals in secondary schools
in South West Nigeria. The results showed that principals perceived all items as important instructional leadership
and personnel management skills. For financial management skills, raising funds through school fees, government
grants, and community donations were seen as important. The study highlights the need to ensure principals have
the proper competencies to effectively administer schools and improve the poor academic performance of students
in Nigeria.
Students’ Engagement in Scientific Approach Based Learning and Its Effect on ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSRJRME) is an open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of research & method in education. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced research & method in education concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
This document is a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of a Master's degree in Special Education. It assesses the preparedness of general education teachers to educate students with special needs. The number of students with disabilities being educated in general education classrooms has risen significantly in recent decades. However, many teachers feel unprepared to meet the needs of these students due to insufficient training in special education. This study aims to better understand teachers' perceptions of their preparedness through anonymous surveys and interviews. The results could help inform administrators about professional development needs to help teachers be more effective in inclusive classrooms.
Influence of home based factors on internal efficiency primary schools in bun...Alexander Decker
This study examined how home-based factors influence the internal efficiency of primary schools in Bungoma North and Kimilili-Bungoma Districts in Kenya. The study found that parental level of education, occupation, income, and the language used at home influenced pupils' academic performance. Specifically, fathers' level of education was a significant predictor of pupils' performance, with pupils' KCPE scores improving by 16.973 points with higher paternal education levels. Home-based factors accounted for 6.1% of the variation in KCPE results.
Planned instructional supervision, a bivariate outcomeAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study on the influence of instructional leadership and curriculum planning on instructional supervision in secondary schools in Nigeria. The study administered questionnaires to 254 secondary school teachers. The results indicated that instructional leadership programs and curriculum planning both have a significant influence on instructional supervision. The document provides context on the roles of principals and supervisors in curriculum planning, instructional leadership, and supervision. It also discusses definitions and purposes of instructional supervision in secondary education.
IMPACT OF TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC...Kimberly Williams
This document summarizes a study that examined the impact of teacher characteristics on student academic performance in public secondary schools in Nigeria. The study used a survey design and collected data from 400 students across 3 schools. The findings showed that teachers' knowledge of the subject matter and teaching method had a significant positive relationship with student academic performance. Specifically, teachers who demonstrated mastery of the subject content, answered student questions well, and used varied teaching methods like field trips had a stronger impact on student learning and exam scores compared to those who relied solely on lectures. The study recommends ongoing teacher evaluation and professional development to help ensure teachers are effectively carrying out their duties.
Curriculum development and teaching methodology forAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on curriculum development and teaching methodology for effective learning in secondary schools in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. The study aimed to identify problems in curriculum distribution, factors affecting curriculum development and teaching, and the role of teachers and funding. A questionnaire was administered to 200 teachers and 40 education officers. The findings showed key problems as lack of teacher access to curricula, underproduction of curricula, and inadequate rural teacher information. Factors identified were use of inefficient writers and editors, frequent curriculum reviews, and insufficient time. The roles of teachers included classroom instruction planning, student counseling, and creating teaching materials. Problems with funding included diversion of funds, delayed releases, and irregular management. No
This document discusses factors that influence secondary school academic program planning, including family academic preference, teacher quality standards, and student personal interest. It reports on a study that examined the influence of these three factors on academic program planning in secondary schools in Nigeria. The study found that family academic preference, teacher quality standards, and student personal interest all have a measurable influence on secondary school academic program planning in the region studied.
Effects of teachers’ qualifications on performance in further mathematics amo...Alexander Decker
This study examined the effects of teachers' qualifications on the performance of secondary school students in Further Mathematics in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Data was collected from 160 Further Mathematics students across 12 schools using a teacher assessment test and student achievement test. The results of an ANOVA test revealed a significant difference in student performance based on their teachers' qualifications. The study aims to identify the competency level required by teachers to positively influence student performance and suggest ways to improve student performance in Further Mathematics across schools in the state.
Influence of Teacher’s Experience on Pupils’ Academic Performance in Kenya Ce...ijtsrd
- The document discusses a study that investigated the influence of teachers' experience on pupils' academic performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education.
- Data was collected through questionnaires from pupils, teachers, and headteachers in Loima Sub-County, Kenya. The majority of pupils and teachers agreed that more experienced teachers teach more effectively and help improve pupils' academic performance compared to less experienced teachers.
- The study concluded that teachers' experience influences pupils' academic performance in the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education to a moderate and great extent. Experience helps teachers teach more clearly, maintain discipline better, and improve pupils' exam results.
Influence of Preschool Teachers’ Academic and Professional Qualification on E...paperpublications3
Abstract: Studies in Kisii Central Sub-County, Kenya shows a worrying trend in children’s academic achievement at preschool level, therefore the current study established how academically and professionally preschool teachers are prepared to effectively implement ECDE curriculum. This study was guided by descriptive survey design and Fullan (1991) Curriculum Implementation Model. The population sample included 58 primary head teachers and 52 preschool teachers. The validity of the instruments was determined through the expert judgement by the university lecturer. Reliability was established by calculating internal consistency using cronbach’s alpha formula and reliability of 0.826 was reported. The questionnaires and interview schedule were administered to collect data, for a period of 3 months. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages. Qualitative data from interviews was analyzed thematically. The study findings were; that most preschool teachers had the necessary academic qualification as a foundation for training in ECDE curriculum implementation. The study also found that there was low extent of professional training among preschool teachers in Kisii Central Sub-county. The Kenyan Ministry of Education should design policies and programs that encourage preschool teacher training and in-service training of the preschool teachers to enhance their service offering techniques for effective implementation of the ECDE curriculum.
An investigation into the challenges facing the implementation of technical c...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated challenges facing the implementation of technical college curriculum in South West Nigeria. The study found that 65.83% of teachers and instructors were professionally qualified to teach. Major challenges identified included lack of in-service training and poor working conditions for teachers, outdated equipment, unstable government policies, lack of standard workshops and modern instructional materials. There was no significant difference found between teachers and instructors' views on implementation challenges. The study concluded that poor implementation is due to many factors including insufficient resources in technical colleges.
School learning resources are arguably one of the
most important influencers of students’ scores in
national examinations and hence affect each
individual school’s effectiveness. It had been pointed
out by the Nyanza Provincial Education Board that
the province’s performance in examinations and the
quality of education in general is unsatisfactory and
inadequate. A confidential document entitled the State
of Education in Nyanza Province points out factors
such as inadequate physical facilities, as one of the
factors impacting negatively on school performance in the province. The study sought to investigate the perceived
contribution of school learning resources on students’ scores
This document discusses a study examining factors that influence teacher job satisfaction and secondary school effectiveness in Nigeria. The study aimed to determine what factors of school facilities, teacher characteristics, and human relations influence teacher job satisfaction. A sample of 512 teachers was surveyed using a 15-item questionnaire to answer 3 research questions on factors of school facilities, teacher characteristics, and human relations that determine teacher job satisfaction. The findings indicated that inadequate classroom environment and school facilities produced negative teacher job satisfaction. It was recommended that school laboratories be better equipped to promote effective teaching.
This document discusses a study examining factors that determine teacher job satisfaction for secondary school effectiveness in Nigeria. It begins with background information on the important role of teachers and issues affecting the profession. The study aimed to identify factors of school facilities, teacher characteristics, and human relations that influence job satisfaction. Results found that well-ventilated classrooms positively impacted satisfaction, while inadequate facilities, resources, and professional development opportunities negatively impacted it. Satisfied teachers were found to be qualified, experienced, and engaged in continuous learning and professional meetings. Positive relationships with principals and involvement in school affairs also increased satisfaction. The discussion concluded that improving classroom environments, resources, and teacher-principal relationships could promote more effective schools through higher job satisfaction.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDE...ResearchWap
Measuring of academic performance of students is challenging since student performance is the product of socio-economic, psychological and environmental factors. Education ought to be growing as a profitable industry with the prime objective of maximizing profit by delivering high-quality education that produces well educated, skilled mannered students according to the needs and requirements of the dynamically growing market. There are two groups of students as generally perceived, that is those who improve and those who don’t improve. Students' performance is also affected by different factors such as learning abilities because the new paradigm about learning assumes that all students can and should learn at higher levels but it should not be considered as a constraint because there are other factors like race, gender, and sex that can affect students performance Hansen (2000).
Mishae (2001) explained the effect of age, qualification and distance from learning. Place on the student's performance in his explanation concerns the readiness in doing a particular discipline in the school; for instance, a student that is not capable of doing sciences in the secondary school joins sciences because his/her friends are offering the subjects. Winston et al (2002) added that the academic performance of students is also coined in the student's impatience (this time discount behaviour). Yuonne (1998) further elaborated that students' academic performance is very much dependent on SEB (socio-economic background) as per his statement, secondary school students' performance is with statically significant differences. Alexander (2001) explained that some of the practices adopted by secondary school administration can also influence their academic performance, such practices as organized study groups, debate clubs, media and culture clubs etc.
According to Bello Lawal, an Abuja based educationist and a member of the All Nigeria committee of Principals of secondary school (ANCOPSS). The truth is that the reading culture in Nigeria is generally poor. To make it worse, these days, most of our students hardly read. Instead, they waste their precious time watching television or films, listening to music, playing music, and playing video/computer games.
Another educationist Mohammed (2009) attributed the dismal performance in the external examinations to the lackadaisical attitude of the government and its refusal to adequately fund the education sector. According to him, on several occasions, we clamoured for improved budgeting allocation to the education sector but all these have fallen on deaf ears. For instance, UNESCO recommends that 26 per cent of any country’s budget should be allocated to the education sector but instead what do we have in Nigeria.
Government paying lip service to the education sector. Other countries that understand the importance of education have taken proactive steps to adequately fund their edu
Guided discovery learning strategy and senior school students performance in ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of guided discovery learning strategy on mathematics performance of senior secondary students in Nigeria. The study found:
1) Students taught using guided discovery learning performed significantly better on a mathematics test than students taught using non-guided methods.
2) Male and female students performed equally well when taught using guided discovery, showing gender had no impact on performance.
3) Higher scoring students benefited most from guided discovery, followed by medium scorers, while lower scorers benefited the least.
The study concluded that guided discovery learning is an effective strategy for improving mathematics performance, though benefits students of different scoring levels unevenly.
Influence of universal basic education (ube) facilities on school learning en...Alexander Decker
1) The study investigated the influence of Universal Basic Education (UBE) facilities on the learning environment of junior secondary schools in Epe division of Lagos State, Nigeria.
2) Five hypotheses were tested regarding the impact of UBE facilities on classroom control, teacher-student interaction, student sitting arrangements, cooperative learning, and student stimulation.
3) Results found that UBE facilities had a significant positive influence on all five factors, as the schools with UBE facilities performed significantly better than those without on all measures. This indicates that UBE facilities enhance the learning environment.
An evaluation of teaching practice performance among regular and sandwich stu...Alexander Decker
This study evaluated the teaching practice performance of regular and sandwich student teachers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The researchers collected data from 100 regular students and 80 sandwich students using questionnaires and student performance evaluations. Their findings showed there was a significant difference in performance between the two groups, with regular students outperforming sandwich students. However, both groups had similar levels of preparation prior to their teaching practice. The researchers concluded pre-service teacher education programs need to adequately prepare all students for the challenges of teaching, and support is needed for both pre-service and in-service teachers.
Status of universities and secondary school teachers’ use of instructional st...Alexander Decker
This document discusses instructional strategies for teaching social studies in secondary schools and universities in Southwestern Nigeria. It finds that many recommended instructional methods are not being employed, particularly in secondary schools. Universities employ more strategies than secondary schools. The document recommends seminars, conferences, and workshops to train teachers on using appropriate instructional methods to achieve the goals of social studies, such as citizenship education. These goals are currently not being met, as evidenced by social problems in Nigeria. The National Teachers' Institute promotes learner-centered strategies like inquiry-based learning, guided discovery, and role-playing to make social studies concepts more practical and engaging for students.
Nigerian science teachers’ perceptions of effective science teaching and thei...Alexander Decker
This study examined Nigerian science teachers' perceptions of effective science teaching and their actual classroom practices. It found that while teachers believed effective teaching involves more student-centered activities like hands-on work, their actual teaching spent more time on teacher-centered methods like explanation and note-giving. The study also found that teachers felt constrained by large class sizes, lack of materials and labs, and an overloaded curriculum focused on exams over understanding. Recommendations were made to improve teaching practices to better align with perceptions of effective science instruction.
Science education is believed to be a vital tool for individual and societal development at large. The persistent low levels of students’ achievement in sciences at the various public examinations in Nigeria have continued to draw the attention of major stakeholders in education. This study examined academic achievement of Senior Secondary School students in biology and gender difference in students’ achievement was examined. Ex-post facto design of descriptive research was adopted for the study. A proforma was used to collect data from a sample of two hundred (200) students, selected using stratified random sampling procedure from the Science secondary schools in Kano state Nigeria. The data collected were the students’ performances in biology achievement tests. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and independent-sample t-test. Overall results showed that the test internal consistency reliability is low and unsatisfactory; the students performed below average (M=47.02, SD=16.493 (47%). Similarly, gender difference exists in biology performance with another significant difference between performance of urban and rural school students. The study concludes that, biology test used in Kano state qualifying examinations to assess students potential ability in biology is not a reliable measurement tool and that, academic performance of students in biology is unsatisfactory and evidence of differential performance between gender and schools locations. The implication for measurements and evaluation of learning as well as recommendations has been discussed.
Psychoanalysis of social studies teachers’ assessment competence in secondary...Alexander Decker
This document discusses a study that assessed the competence of social studies teachers in evaluating the affective domain in secondary schools in Nasarawa State, Nigeria.
The study aimed to determine if teachers generally evaluate the affective domain to an acceptable level and what proportion meet this level. It assessed 143 social studies teachers using an affective evaluation competency rating scale.
The study was motivated by the fact that properly assessing the affective domain is important for evaluating changes in student behavior. However, literature suggests teaching and assessment of social studies has a cognitive orientation in Nigerian schools rather than the intended affective focus.
Abnormalities of hormones and inflammatory cytokines in women affected with p...Alexander Decker
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have elevated levels of hormones like luteinizing hormone and testosterone, as well as higher levels of insulin and insulin resistance compared to healthy women. They also have increased levels of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and leptin. This study found these abnormalities in the hormones and inflammatory cytokines of women with PCOS ages 23-40, indicating that hormone imbalances associated with insulin resistance and elevated inflammatory markers may worsen infertility in women with PCOS.
A usability evaluation framework for b2 c e commerce websitesAlexander Decker
This document presents a framework for evaluating the usability of B2C e-commerce websites. It involves user testing methods like usability testing and interviews to identify usability problems in areas like navigation, design, purchasing processes, and customer service. The framework specifies goals for the evaluation, determines which website aspects to evaluate, and identifies target users. It then describes collecting data through user testing and analyzing the results to identify usability problems and suggest improvements.
A universal model for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study that aimed to synthesize motivation theories into a universal model for managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was guided by Maslow and McGregor's theories. A sample of 303 marketing executives was used. The results showed that managers will be most effective at motivating marketing executives if they consider individual needs and create challenging but attainable goals. The emerged model suggests managers should provide job satisfaction by tailoring assignments to abilities and monitoring performance with feedback. This addresses confusion faced by Nigerian bank managers in determining effective motivation strategies.
A unique common fixed point theorems in generalized dAlexander Decker
This document presents definitions and properties related to generalized D*-metric spaces and establishes some common fixed point theorems for contractive type mappings in these spaces. It begins by introducing D*-metric spaces and generalized D*-metric spaces, defines concepts like convergence and Cauchy sequences. It presents lemmas showing the uniqueness of limits in these spaces and the equivalence of different definitions of convergence. The goal of the paper is then stated as obtaining a unique common fixed point theorem for generalized D*-metric spaces.
A trends of salmonella and antibiotic resistanceAlexander Decker
This document provides a review of trends in Salmonella and antibiotic resistance. It begins with an introduction to Salmonella as a facultative anaerobe that causes nontyphoidal salmonellosis. The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella is then discussed. The document proceeds to cover the historical perspective and classification of Salmonella, definitions of antimicrobials and antibiotic resistance, and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella including modification or destruction of antimicrobial agents, efflux pumps, modification of antibiotic targets, and decreased membrane permeability. Specific resistance mechanisms are discussed for several classes of antimicrobials.
A transformational generative approach towards understanding al-istifhamAlexander Decker
This document discusses a transformational-generative approach to understanding Al-Istifham, which refers to interrogative sentences in Arabic. It begins with an introduction to the origin and development of Arabic grammar. The paper then explains the theoretical framework of transformational-generative grammar that is used. Basic linguistic concepts and terms related to Arabic grammar are defined. The document analyzes how interrogative sentences in Arabic can be derived and transformed via tools from transformational-generative grammar, categorizing Al-Istifham into linguistic and literary questions.
A time series analysis of the determinants of savings in namibiaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the determinants of savings in Namibia from 1991 to 2012. It reviews previous literature on savings determinants in developing countries. The study uses time series analysis including unit root tests, cointegration, and error correction models to analyze the relationship between savings and variables like income, inflation, population growth, deposit rates, and financial deepening in Namibia. The results found inflation and income have a positive impact on savings, while population growth negatively impacts savings. Deposit rates and financial deepening were found to have no significant impact. The study reinforces previous work and emphasizes the importance of improving income levels to achieve higher savings rates in Namibia.
A therapy for physical and mental fitness of school childrenAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the importance of exercise in maintaining physical and mental fitness for school children. It discusses how physical and mental fitness are developed through participation in regular physical exercises and cannot be achieved solely through classroom learning. The document outlines different types and components of fitness and argues that developing fitness should be a key objective of education systems. It recommends that schools ensure pupils engage in graded physical activities and exercises to support their overall development.
A theory of efficiency for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study examining efficiency in managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was examined through the lenses of Kaizen theory (continuous improvement) and efficiency theory. A survey of 303 marketing executives from Nigerian banks found that management plays a key role in identifying and implementing efficiency improvements. The document recommends adopting a "3H grand strategy" to improve the heads, hearts, and hands of management and marketing executives by enhancing their knowledge, attitudes, and tools.
This document discusses evaluating the link budget for effective 900MHz GSM communication. It describes the basic parameters needed for a high-level link budget calculation, including transmitter power, antenna gains, path loss, and propagation models. Common propagation models for 900MHz that are described include Okumura model for urban areas and Hata model for urban, suburban, and open areas. Rain attenuation is also incorporated using the updated ITU model to improve communication during rainfall.
A synthetic review of contraceptive supplies in punjabAlexander Decker
This document discusses contraceptive use in Punjab, Pakistan. It begins by providing background on the benefits of family planning and contraceptive use for maternal and child health. It then analyzes contraceptive commodity data from Punjab, finding that use is still low despite efforts to improve access. The document concludes by emphasizing the need for strategies to bridge gaps and meet the unmet need for effective and affordable contraceptive methods and supplies in Punjab in order to improve health outcomes.
A synthesis of taylor’s and fayol’s management approaches for managing market...Alexander Decker
1) The document discusses synthesizing Taylor's scientific management approach and Fayol's process management approach to identify an effective way to manage marketing executives in Nigerian banks.
2) It reviews Taylor's emphasis on efficiency and breaking tasks into small parts, and Fayol's focus on developing general management principles.
3) The study administered a survey to 303 marketing executives in Nigerian banks to test if combining elements of Taylor and Fayol's approaches would help manage their performance through clear roles, accountability, and motivation. Statistical analysis supported combining the two approaches.
A survey paper on sequence pattern mining with incrementalAlexander Decker
This document summarizes four algorithms for sequential pattern mining: GSP, ISM, FreeSpan, and PrefixSpan. GSP is an Apriori-based algorithm that incorporates time constraints. ISM extends SPADE to incrementally update patterns after database changes. FreeSpan uses frequent items to recursively project databases and grow subsequences. PrefixSpan also uses projection but claims to not require candidate generation. It recursively projects databases based on short prefix patterns. The document concludes by stating the goal was to find an efficient scheme for extracting sequential patterns from transactional datasets.
A survey on live virtual machine migrations and its techniquesAlexander Decker
This document summarizes several techniques for live virtual machine migration in cloud computing. It discusses works that have proposed affinity-aware migration models to improve resource utilization, energy efficient migration approaches using storage migration and live VM migration, and a dynamic consolidation technique using migration control to avoid unnecessary migrations. The document also summarizes works that have designed methods to minimize migration downtime and network traffic, proposed a resource reservation framework for efficient migration of multiple VMs, and addressed real-time issues in live migration. Finally, it provides a table summarizing the techniques, tools used, and potential future work or gaps identified for each discussed work.
A survey on data mining and analysis in hadoop and mongo dbAlexander Decker
This document discusses data mining of big data using Hadoop and MongoDB. It provides an overview of Hadoop and MongoDB and their uses in big data analysis. Specifically, it proposes using Hadoop for distributed processing and MongoDB for data storage and input. The document reviews several related works that discuss big data analysis using these tools, as well as their capabilities for scalable data storage and mining. It aims to improve computational time and fault tolerance for big data analysis by mining data stored in Hadoop using MongoDB and MapReduce.
1. The document discusses several challenges for integrating media with cloud computing including media content convergence, scalability and expandability, finding appropriate applications, and reliability.
2. Media content convergence challenges include dealing with the heterogeneity of media types, services, networks, devices, and quality of service requirements as well as integrating technologies used by media providers and consumers.
3. Scalability and expandability challenges involve adapting to the increasing volume of media content and being able to support new media formats and outlets over time.
This document surveys trust architectures that leverage provenance in wireless sensor networks. It begins with background on provenance, which refers to the documented history or derivation of data. Provenance can be used to assess trust by providing metadata about how data was processed. The document then discusses challenges for using provenance to establish trust in wireless sensor networks, which have constraints on energy and computation. Finally, it provides background on trust, which is the subjective probability that a node will behave dependably. Trust architectures need to be lightweight to account for the constraints of wireless sensor networks.
This document discusses private equity investments in Kenya. It provides background on private equity and discusses trends in various regions. The objectives of the study discussed are to establish the extent of private equity adoption in Kenya, identify common forms of private equity utilized, and determine typical exit strategies. Private equity can involve venture capital, leveraged buyouts, or mezzanine financing. Exits allow recycling of capital into new opportunities. The document provides context on private equity globally and in developing markets like Africa to frame the goals of the study.
This document discusses a study that analyzes the financial health of the Indian logistics industry from 2005-2012 using Altman's Z-score model. The study finds that the average Z-score for selected logistics firms was in the healthy to very healthy range during the study period. The average Z-score increased from 2006 to 2010 when the Indian economy was hit by the global recession, indicating the overall performance of the Indian logistics industry was good. The document reviews previous literature on measuring financial performance and distress using ratios and Z-scores, and outlines the objectives and methodology used in the current study.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
5.adegbemile oluwadare2a -41-48
1. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 2, No 6, 2011
Human Resource Availability and Students’ Academic
Performance in Secondary Schools in North West Geo – Political
Zone of Nigeria
Adegbemile, Oluwadare
Department of Educational Foundations. Federal College of Education,
Zaria, Kaduna State.
Phone No: 08030444910, E-Mail damilare15@yahoo.com
Abstract
The study examined the Human Resource Availability and Students` Academic Performance in North West
Geo – Political Zone of Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. Secondary schools
principals’ drawn randomly across the zone were respondents to the Human Resource Availability and
Academic Performance of Secondary Schools Questionnaire (HRAAPSSQ) which was used to collect
relevant data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to answer the research questions and test the
hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that the quality of teachers in the zone was not
adequate and students’ academic performance was a matter of concern; that there was a significant
relationship between the quality of teachers and students’ academic performance; there was a significant
difference between academic performance of the male and female students. It was recommended that the
non - professional and NCE teachers be encouraged to pursue in-service training. Remedial teaching is
recommended for weak students.
Key Words: Human Resource, Academic Performance, Teachers, Senior Secondary School and Nigeria.
1. Introduction
It is a global assertion that education is the solid rock of development. The reason for this is that it is
expected that the educational system will produce the quality and quantity of human resources required for
the economy's growth using the right mix of inputs. (Ibukun, 2009) affirmed that no nation or society can
rise above the quality of her education. The immeasurable contribution of education in the development
process has left a burning desire in every government to increase access to education for all her citizens.
(Ibukun, 2003) and (Brock – Utne , 2006) opined that investment in basic education and training is an
ingredient to human capacity building. Such capacity, they noted is the foundation needed to realize
increased productivity, most importantly technological innovation. The direction of education toward
national economic growth and development was an important basis for the introduction of the Universal
Primary Education (UPE) and the recent Universal Basic Education (UBE) programme. The expectation
has been that opportunity should be offered to the learners at the lower levels of education in order to avoid
wastage of talents.
The pace of educational development had moved faster than that of economic development worldwide;
thus education budgets appear to be under pressure. Nigeria, like many other developing countries is not
spared from the economic meltdown .There had been a sudden significant drop in oil revenue and a
consequent reduction in the amount of resources available for distribution among the various sectors of the
nation’s economy. Despite the scarcity of resources, there is the need to expand and reform the educational
system and ensure its quality in meeting the popular demand. Of the human resources required for the
production function of the school system, teachers are the most vital. This is because they play great
facilitative role in the teaching – learning process. According to (Adeyemi and Akpotu , 2009), in spite of
the advancement in science and technology, the teacher is not yet displaced in the classroom nor has his
important role diminished. Teachers seem to have profound influence in the social – cultural development
of their society, since they influence many values directly or indirectly to their students. No wonder
(Chukwu , 2003), (Famade, 2003),(The National Policy on Education, 2006), (Ibukun, 2009) and
(Okebukola, 2010) identified teachers’ quality and dedication as significant predictors of quality of
education. The success of any organization is a resultant effect of quantity and quality of its working force.
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Ibukun as cited in (Adegbemile, 2011) opined that teacher holds the key to nation building. The aspiration
of any nation to transform into a greater country can only be possible if there are competent and dedicated
teachers to impact the appropriate attitude skills and knowledge. (Adegbemile, 2004) reported that the
predominance of women in the job, problems of attrition in the teaching force and the dwindling enrolment
in teacher education programmes especially the male applicants seeking admissions into tertiary institutions
are as a result the low social status accorded to teachers in Nigeria. Teachers’ welfare and conditions of
service are not enticing enough to attract and retain the best brains in Nigeria.
In addition, the school environment was highly repellent. School buildings were dilapidated, inadequate
teaching – learning facilities and in most cases, the classrooms were overcrowded. All these could alter the
attitude of teachers to work and the teachers can hardly give their best in this situation. These make it
difficult for the educational sector to attract and retain the top-quality personnel that are required to
function in the system, especially at the primary and secondary levels. The influences of experience on
teacher’s performance in schools have been highlighted by many researchers.( Akinleye , 2001) and
(Commeyas , 2003) asserted that experience improves teachers` teaching skills while students learn better
in the hands of teachers who have taught them continuously over a period of time. On gender influence on
educational achievement (Duyilemi, 2003) argued that women are not inferior to men in intellectual ability.
He further said that women can actually lead men to achieve great height if they are given the chance but (
Ogunmola – Bamidele et al , 2002) opined that male students tend to excel in education matters.
The main focus of this study is Senior Secondary Education which is the form of education the children
receive after basic education and before tertiary stage (NPE, 2006). The senior secondary school is
designed to make graduate at this level employable but the abysmal poor performance of Senior Secondary
School students in Nigeria has been of much concern to politicians, parents educationist and all concerned
individuals.
2. Statement of Problem
The poor recurring performance of Senior Secondary School students in their final Senior School
Certificate Examinations is a matter of concern to all and sundry in spite of declarations by various
civilians’ administrations in the zone that a substantial amount of their budgets were being spent on
Education. This unhealthy situation calls for investigation as it appears that the available human resources
are probably not well managed by the various Teachers Boards and Ministries of Education in the zone.
3. Purpose of the study
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the Human Resource Availability and Academic
Performance of Secondary Students in North West geopolitical zone of Nigeria. In specific terms, the study
is to:-
Examine the availability and quality of human resources in North West geo – political zone of
Nigeria.
Examine and compute the level of students’ academic performance in their senior school
certificate examinations.
Determine the extent and direction of the relationship between quality of teachers and academic
performance of students in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria.
Find out the influence of gender on students academic performance in secondary Schools in North
West geo – political zone of Nigeria.
4. Significance of the Study
This research becomes necessary as the outcomes could be a guide to the school planners and
administrators to be able to identify the extent of the status, distribution and use of human resources in all
the secondary schools in the zone It is hoped that the findings of this study would help to guide the policy
makers and educational managers those things that need to be put in place to make learning attractive.
5. Research Questions
1. What is the quality of teachers in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria?
2. What is the level of academic performance of secondary students in North West geo- political zone of
Nigeria?
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3. To what extent do the level of academic performance of secondary students in North West geo- political
zone of Nigeria varies with gender?
6. Research Hypotheses
Ho1: There is no significant relationship between quality of teachers and students’ academic performance
in secondary schools in North West geo- political zone of Nigeria
Ho2: There is no significant difference the level of academic performance of male and female students in
North West geo- political zone of Nigeria
7. Methods
7.1 Research Design
The study adopted a survey design.
7.2 Population
The population of this study comprises of all public secondary schools in North West geo – political zone
of Nigeria.
7.3 Sample and Sampling Procedure
120 secondary schools were selected by proportionate random sampling from all the Senior Secondary
Schools located in the seven states( Jigawa,Kaduna,,Kano,,Kastina,kebbi,,sokoto and Zamfara) in North
West Geo- Political Zone of Nigeria. The principals in the 120 schools were the sample used for this study.
7.4 Instrument for Data Collection
The researcher developed a questionnaire called Human Resource Availability and Academic Performance
of Secondary School Students Questionnaire (HRAAPSSQ) which served as the main instrument for data
collection. The HRAAPSSQ consisted of two sections. Section A sought for background information on
the secondary school. Section B sought for school enrolment figures, number of teachers by qualifications
and teachers work load. Section C sought for students’ performance in WAEC and NECO/SSCE between
2006 and 2010.
7.5 Validity of Instrument
The instruments were given to two specialists in Educational Management for validation with regard to
terminology that was used to measure the intent of the study. Their corrections were used in the
reconstruction of the instrument.
7.6 Reliability of the Instrument
To ensure the reliability of the instrument, a test-re-test technique was employed. A pilot study was carried
out by administering the HRAAPSSQ instrument at intervals of two weeks on 20 non participating Senior
Secondary School Principals from Kaduna State. The reliability test was calculated using the person
product moment correlation. A correlation co-efficient of 0.98 was obtained.
7.7 Data Collection
After selecting a school for participation in the study, a letter was sent to the principals through their
respective State Ministry of Education Office with explanation on the nature and importance of the
research. The HRAAPSSQ was included in a packet that was mailed to the schools. The completed
questionnaires were collected personally while others were collected through their respective State Ministry
of Education Office. 118 respondents comprising all the principals of the sampled schools completed the
questionnaire properly. This amount to 98.3% return rate.
7.8 Data Analysis
The statistical techniques for the data collected varied in accordance with the nature of research questions
and hypotheses. Tables, frequency counts and percentages scores were computed to answer the research
questions and by using The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The Pearson Product
Moment Correlation Co - efficient was used to test hypothesis 1 while the independent t – test was used to
test hypotheses 2. The two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance
8. Results
Research Question I:
What is the quality of teachers in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria?
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To answer this question, frequency counts and simple percentages were used. The study revealed that a
total of 892(53.3%) members of the teaching staff had less than 11 years of teaching experience while 248
(14.7.%) 14.7 percent had above 20 years of teaching experience. The study further revealed that
878(52.2%) members of the teaching staff had NCE out of which 130 of them had less than 5 years of
teaching experience and 668 of them had experience ranged between 5 and 20 years (See Note 1)
Research Question 2:
What is the level of academic performance of secondary students in North West geo- political zone of
Nigeria?
To answer this question, the data collected were summed up for all the sampled schools and percentages
were used for the analysis. The study revealed that only 28.6%, 32%, 33.9%, 29% and 27.7% of the total
candidates enrolled for WAEC/NECO Senior School Certificate Examinations in 2005/2006, 2006/2007,
2007/2008, 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 respectively were able to meet the minimum requirement for higher
education (See Note 2).
Research Question3:
To what extent do the level of academic performance of secondary students in North West geo- political
zone of Nigeria varies with gender?
To answer this question, the data collected were summed up for all the sampled schools to find out the
number of candidates that were able to obtain five credits including English Language and Mathematics.
Percentages were used for the analysis. The study revealed that 3652 students out of 12,155 candidates
enrolled for either WAEC/NECO SSCE as revealed in table 2 were able to obtain five credits including
English and mathematics between 2005/2006 and 2009/2010 academic sessions. The performance rate was
30%. The table further reveals that the performance rate for girls is slightly higher than of the boys while
boys was 14.8 percent that of the girls was 15.2 percent indicating that their performance rates are
comparable (See Note 3).
Hypothesis One
Ho1: There is no significant relationship between the quality of teachers and efficiency of secondary
schools education in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria. .
The hypothesis was tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Co – efficient. The result in
indicated that the r – calculated (0.624) is greater than the r – table (0.195) at 116 degree of freedom and
0.05 level of significance. Therefore the null hypothesis which states there is no significant relationship
between quality of teachers and Students’ academic performance in secondary schools in North West geo –
political zone of Nigeria is rejected. The result showed there was significant relationship between teachers’
quality and the level of efficiency of secondary schools in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria (See
Note 4)
Hypothesis Two:
Ho2: There is no significant difference in the level of performance of male and female students in
secondary schools in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria.
The hypothesis was tested using t - test. The value of t-calculated was 4.639. This result was compared to
the value of t-critical of 1.96 at 234 degree of freedom at 0.05 level of significance. Since the t- calculated
exceeded the critical t-ratio, the null hypothesis which states that there is no significant difference between
the performance of male and female students in secondary schools in North West geo – political zone of
Nigeria was rejected. The result showed that there was significant difference in the level of academic
performance of male and female students in secondary schools in North West geo – political zone of
Nigeria. Their calculated means of 12.146 and 15.022 for male and female respectively further determines
their differences (See Note 5).
9. Discussion of Results
The result of this study as shown in table 4 indicated that there is a significant relationship between
teachers quality and students academic performance in secondary schools in North West geo – political
zone of Nigeria ( r – calculated =0.624 , r - table =0.195).This result revealed that positive relationship
exists between the quality of teachers and students’ academic performance. This is in agreement with (
Adeyemi and Akpotu , 2009) who found that teachers are the key drivers of internal school conditions for
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effectiveness. This result further corroborates the findings of (Chukwu , 2003) and (Ibukun , 2009) at
various studies identified teachers’ quality as significant predictors of quality of education.
Table 1 revealed that graduates without teaching qualification in addition to other members of the teaching
staff constitute 31.87 per cent of teachers of all the sampled schools. These set of teachers can not be
perceived as quality teachers. Mastery of subject matter though very important but it should not be matched
with adequate training in the philosophy, psychology, methodologies, sociological and foundational
concepts of the subject. Furthermore, majority of those with teaching qualification are holders of National
Certificate in Education (NCE) which are mainly meant to teach in junior secondary school as stated in
(NPE, 2006).This shows that secondary schools in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria teaching
personnel are of lower quality. It is not totally surprising that the fail – out rate accounted for the largest
proportion of the students were not performing well in their final WAEC/NECO Senior School Certificate
Examinations. These findings are in agreement with ( Famade , 2003) ,(Ibukun , 2009) and ( Okebukola ,
2010) who at various time opined that the nation can not hope for top quality and efficient education if our
secondary schools are staff with ill – motivated and second rate teachers.
Table 3 shows that 3652 students out of 12155 students enrolled for either WAEC/ NECO Senior School
Certificate Examinations were able to obtain five credits including English Language and mathematics.
This represent 30 percent of the total students enrolled in the zone between 2005/2006 and 2009/2010
academic sessions. The performance rate for boys was 14.8 percent while that of the girls was 15.2
percent. This indicates that their performance rates are comparable.
The t – test of difference between male and female students’ levels of efficiency, significant difference was
found in the level of performance of male and female students in secondary schools in North West geo –
political zone of Nigeria. The value of t – calculated of 4.639 exceeds the critical t – ratio of 1.96 at 234
degree of freedom at 0.05 level of significance as shown in table 5 implies that significant difference exist
between male and female students in their level of academic performance. There calculated mean of 12.146
and 15.022 for male and female respectively further determines the level of differences. The findings in
respect of hypothesis two agreed with (Duyilemi , 2003) who in their separate studies had argued that
women are not inferior to men. However, the result differs from the findings of ( Ogunmola – Bamidele et
al , 2002) who opined that male students tend to excel in education matters. Therefore the findings that both
male and female students defer in their level of academic performance are not misleading.
10. Conclusion
The study emphasized that the quality of teachers is related to the level of students’ academic performance.
This implies that for secondary school to be efficient and effective, teachers in the school system should be
qualified. Majority of the teachers in North West geo - political zone of Nigeria as at the time of this study
were NCE holders and non - professionals. This shows that secondary schools teaching personnel in the
zone are of lower quality as NCE holders are meant to teach in the Junior Secondary Schools. The result of
the findings showed that the incident of low level of students’ academic performance in Secondary schools
in North West geo- political zone of Nigeria is real and quite persuasive; there was significant relationship
between quality of teachers and students’ academic performance in secondary schools in North West geo-
political zone of Nigeria. Significant difference exists between male and female students in their level of
academic performances.
11. Recommendations
As a result of the findings and conclusions from this study, the following recommendations are made for
the improvement of secondary schools in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria.
1. The NCE teachers and the unqualified teachers should be encouraged to pursue in-service training in
order to enhance their professional competence while the lazy ones should have their appointments
determined if they can not improve their educational standards.
2. Secondary schools should be encouraged to provide more remedial teaching for weak students and slow
learners after the normal school hours. Parents may be asked to pay some token amount for this
programme.
3. Teachers are the direct recipients of the children from home. Teachers in this respect should make the
classroom pleasant and attractive to students.
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4. The teachers need to be motivated with the provision of all the necessary incentives such as adequate
salaries, good working conditions and other fringe benefits that compare favourably with what their
counterparts in other professions receive.
References
Adegbemile O. (2004). Analysis of Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction of Teachers in Ondo State.
Unpublished M.ED Thesis, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko.
Adegbemile, O. (2011). An Assessment of Productive Capacity of Secondary Education in Kaduna State.
Zaria
Educator. A Journal of Association of Nigerian Educators 6 (1) 217 - 225
Adeyemi, J.K.& Akpotu, N.E.(2001). Analysis of absenteeism rate among secondary school teachers in
Nigeria. International Studies in Educational Administration, 29(1): 40-57.
Akinleye, G.A. (2001). “Early Childhood Education; Guide for Parents and Teachers UNAD J.Educ.
2(1) October; 45.
Brock – Utne, B. (2006). Whose Education for All? The Recoloniztion of African Mind. Daejon.
Homi Publishing Co.
Commeyras M (2003, February 13) “Promoting a culture of reading” The Comet, P. 32.
Chukwu J.O. (2003). Motivational Factors needed by Primary School Teachers for a Result Oriented UBE.
The Nigerian Universal Basic Education journal 1(2) 31 – 35 Faculty of Education University of Nigeria
Nsukka.
Duyilemi, B. O. {2003}. The Intrinsic Potentials of Studying – While - Working. Heuristics in Improving
Science and Technology Education in Nigeria. The Gender Question. Educational Thought 3{1} 419 – 433
Famade O.A. (2003). Measuring Productivity of Secondary Education in Ogun State. Educational
Thought
3(1) 399 – 408.
Federal Republic of Nigeria.(2006).National Policy on Education. Lagos Nigeria: NERDC Press.
Ibukun W.O. (2003). Toward Performance of Teachers in Ondo State: Vision, Mission and Philosophy of
Government on Education in Taiwo, E.A. & Fadipe J. (Eds). Skills Improvement Programme for Effective
Performance of Teachers in Nigerian Schools. (pp 1 – 13) Ondo: National Institute of Educational Planning
and Administration Printing Press.
Ibukun, W.O. (2009). Building the future: Invest in Teachers Now. A paper presented at the Ondo state
World TeachersCelebration, Monday 5th.
Ogunmola–Bamidele M .F.,Adedoja,T., Okeke E.A.C. & Ogunlade Y. (2002).Empowering Women
and special groups for success in High Education. UNESCO Guide to Teaching and learning Education.
Okebukola, P. (2010, July 22).Wanted Reforms in teacher education. The nation, p.21.
Notes
Note 1
Table 1: Summary of Qualities of Teachers in North West Geo – Political zone of Nigeria.
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Teachers Years of Experience Total Number of
Qualification Teachers
Less than 5 5 – 10 11 – 15 16 – 20 Above Freq. Perc.
Years Years Years Years 20 Years %
Freq. % Freq. % Freq. % Freq. % Freq. %
M.ED - - - - 04 1.1 16 8.4 10 4.0 30 1.78
B. ED 16 4.5 40 7.5 20 5.7 04 2.1 52 21.0 132 7.85
B.SC./B.A/HND - - 16 3.0 10 2.8 20 10.5 60 24.2 106 6.30
NCE 130 36.3 274 51.3 256 72.7 136 71.6 80 32.3 878 52.20
B.SC.B.A/HND 180 50.3 184 34.5 60 17.1 14 7.4 46 18.5 484 28.78
OTHERS 32 8.9 20 3.7 02 0.6 - - - - 52 3.09
TOTAL 358 100 534 100 352 100 190 100 248 100 1682 100
Source: Field work 2011
The data presented in table 1 showed that a total of 892(53.3%) members of the teaching staff had less than 11 years of
teaching experience while 248 (14.7.%) 14.7 percent had above 20 years of teaching experience. The table further
showed that 878(52.2%) members of the teaching staff had NCE out of which 130 of them had less than 5 years of
teaching experience and 668 of them had experience ranged between 5 and 20 years.
Note 2
Table 2: Students’ Academic Performance in the Sampled Secondary Schools in North West Geo –
Political zone of Nigeria between 2005/2006 and 2009/2010 Academic Sessions.
Academic Session Total Number of Candidates Total Number of Students with percentage
Presented for WAEC/NECO five credits including
SSCE Mathematics and English
language
2005/2006 1680 481 28.6
2006/2007 2041 632 32.0
2007/2008 2686 910 33.9
2008/2009 2763 802 29.0
2009/2010 2985 827 27.7
Source: field Work 2011
Table2 indicates that only 28.6%, 32%, 33.9%, 29% and 27.7% of the total candidates enrolled for WAEC/NECO
Senior School Certificate Examinations in 2005/2006, 2006/2007, 2007/2008, 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 respectively
were able to meet the minimum requirement for higher education.
Note 3
Students Academic Performance in the Sampled Schools between 2005/2006 and 2009/2010 Academic
Sessions by Gender.
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Total number of candidates Total Number of Students with five percentage
presented for WAEC/NECO credits including Mathematics and
SSCE between 2006 – 2010 English language
Academic Sessions
Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
5526 6629 12155 1804 1848 3652 14.8 15..2 30
Source: Field wok 2011.
Table 3 Shows that 3652 students out of 12,155 candidates enrolled for either WAEC/NECO SSCE as revealed in table
2 were able to obtain five credits including English and mathematics between 2005/2006 and 2009/2010 academic
sessions. The performance rate was 30%. The table further reveals that the performance rate for girls is slightly higher
than of the boys while boys was 14.8 percent that of the girls was 15.2 percent indicating that their performance rates
are comparable.
Note 4
Table 4: Summary of Pearson Moment Correlation of Quality of Teachers and Level of Efficiency of
Secondary schools in North West Geo – Political zone of Nigeria.
Variables N r - Cal r - Table df Remark
Academic 118 0.624* 0.195 116 Significant
Performance
Teachers’ 118
Quality
*P < 0.05
Table 4 indicated that the r – calculated (0.624) is greater than the r – table (0.195) at 116 degree of freedom and 0.05
level of significance. Therefore the null hypothesis which states there is no significant relationship between quality of
teachers and Students’ academic performance in secondary schools in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria is
rejected. The result showed there was significant relationship between teachers’ quality and the level of efficiency of
secondary schools in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria.
Note 5
Table 5: t – test of Difference between Male and Female Students Level of Performance in Secondary
schools in North West Geo – Political Zone of Nigeria .
Academic SEX N MEAN S.D S.E DF T T Decision
Performance Calculated Critical
Male 118 12.146 4.816 0.620 234 4.639 * 1.96 Significant
Female 118 15.022 4.703
* P < 0.05
The value of t-calculated was 4.639. This result was compared to the value of t-critical of 1.96 at 234 degree of
freedom at 0.05 level of significance. Since the t- calculated exceeded the critical t-ratio, the null hypothesis which
states that there is no significant difference between the performance of male and female students in secondary schools
in North West geo – political zone of Nigeria was rejected. The result showed that there was significant difference in
the level of academic performance of male and female students in secondary schools in North West geo – political zone
of Nigeria. Their calculated means of 12.146 and 15.022 for male and female respectively further determines their
differences.
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