Classical Greek culture made significant contributions to mythology, poetry, drama, art, and architecture: - Greek mythology involved stories of the Olympian gods such as Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, and others who controlled nature and human events. Poems like the Iliad and Odyssey spread Greek heroic epics. - Greek drama evolved from tragedies by Aeschylus and Sophocles exploring the struggles of humanity to comedies by Aristophanes satirizing politics. Fables by Aesop used animals to teach moral lessons. - Architecture such as the Parthenon exemplified the Greek emphasis on reason, order, and harmony through styles like Doric, Ionic

1. Exploring cultural contributions of Classical Greece Mythology Poetry and Fables Drama Art and Architecture

2. Myths are traditional stories about gods and heroes Polytheistic is the belief in many gods and goddesses Gods & Goddesses controlled or affected people’s lives and shaped events Greek Mythology

3. Zeus Chief god god of the sky, rain, and lightning The Olympic Games If you weren’t Greek you could not compete Athletes would come from hundred of miles Athletes were from different polises.

4. Hades god of the underworld brother of Zeus and Poseidon Ruled with his wife Persephone Power to be invisible

5. Hera Poseidon Queen of the Olympians Wife and sister of Zeus goddess of marriage She is usually seen with a scepter, a cow, or peacock. god of the sea Brother of Zeus Sailors relied upon him for favorable winds and safe voyages, but he was moody.

6. Apollo Artemis god of light. Patron of many things, including archery, music, prophecy and medicine goddess of the hunt and wild animals. She helped women in childbirth but also brought sudden death with her arrows

7. Aphrodite Hephaestus goddess of beauty and love Protectress of sailors Daughter of Zeus and Dione god of fire and of the artisans Husband of Aphrodite He was the only ugly god

8. Athena goddess of wisdom, protector of cities Protectress of those who worship her in times of war, also patron of household crafts Patron goddess of Athens god of the Market Orators, writers, and commerce; protector of thieves and of mischief-makers. Messenger to mortals Hermes

9. Ares Dionysus god of War He is often depicted carrying a bloodstained spear. His throne on Mount Olympus was said to be covered in human skin. god of wine and fertility Showed mortals how to cultivate grapes.

10. Demeter Goddess of crops, giver of grains and fruit When depicted in art, Demeter is often shown carrying a sheaf of grain.

11. Mount Olympus The highest mountain in Greece Home to the 12 most important gods and goddesses Zeus, Aphrodite, Apollo, Ares, Artemis, Athena, Demeter, Dionysus, Hephaestus, Hera, Hermes, and Poseidon.

12. Gods & Goddesses Human Characteristics They married, had children, quarreled, played tricks on each other, and fought wars. Rituals - set of actions carried our in a fixed way. Help keep the gods happy. Festivals

13. Greek beliefs Each person had a fate or destiny Prophecy Prediction about the future Oracle A sacred shrine where a priest or priestess spoke for a god or goddess - predict the future Temple of Apollo -were the Oracle at Delphi lived Answers could be interpreted to always be the right answer

14. Greek Poetry and Fables Oldest in the Western world Shakespeare borrowed many Greek ideas to write he’s famous plays Epics Long poems that tell about heroic deeds Homer - writer and poet His epics based on stories of war between Greece and the city of Troy Iliad - prince of Troy kidnapping the King of Sparta’s wife Odyssey- Greek hero Odysseus (fought in the Trojan War) trying to make it back home to his wife Greek stories taught courage and honor and the value of friendship and love

15. The Iliad

16. The Odyssey

17. Aesop’s fables Aesop told his stories to many people throughout his life. Each of these fables have a lesson to be told. These stories were retold and passed down from generation to generation by word of mouth. The fables were not written down for over 200 years. The stories end with a moral to assure the reader understands the message. Over 600 fables are have been collected and written down. Aesop’s fables

18. Greek Drama A story told by actors who pretend to be characters. Tragedy Struggles to overcome difficulties but fails Early Greek vs. Later Greek tragedies Comedy Happy ending Big questions Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes

19. Sophocles – playwright who used 3 actors and painted scenes (Oedipus Rex and Antigone) Euripides – playwright characters were everyday people who questioned real world problems, especially war Oresteia play written by Aeschylus about evil causing more evil Aristophanes’ style (Saturday Night Live?) plays made fun of politicians

20. Greek Art Idea: Reason Moderation Balance harmony

21. Architecture The art of designing and building structures Most important architecture The Parthenon The orders Doric Ionic Corinthian Used to express ideas Favorite subject Sculpture