Water Pollution

1. Water
Pollution
Prepared by :
Rasan Hakeem
Mazin Harbi
Didar Lutfi
University of Duhok
College of medicine
Community Medicine Presentation
supervised by:Dr. Saad and dr.sirwan

2. OBJECTIVES
Some Facts AboutWater Pollution.
What is pollution?
Sources of Water Pollution
Types of water pollution
Causes of water pollution
Effects of water pollution.
Prevention of water pollution
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3. What is pollution?
• Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or products
into the environment
• Pollutant: Any substance causing Nuisance or harmful effects or
uneasiness to the organisms, then that particular substance may
be called as the pollutant.
5 Types-
• Air Pollution
•Water Pollution
• Noise Pollution
• Land Pollution
• Radio Active Pollution
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5.  SOMEFACTS ABOUT WATER Pollution
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1. Nearly 97% of the world's water is salty or otherwise
undrinkable.
2. A person can live about a month without food, but only about
a week without water.
3. 1.8 billion people worldwide drink water that is contaminated
with feces
4. Water pollution kills around 10,000 people around the world
every day - that's 3.6 million people every year;.
5. Every eight seconds, a child under the age of five dies from
diseases related to contaminated water;

7.  Water Pollution
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Water Pollution can be defined
as alteration in physical,
chemical, or biological
characteristics of water
through natural or human
activities and making it
unsuitable for its designated
use.

8.  Sources of Water Pollution
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• Discharge pollutants at specific
locations through pipelines or
sewers into the surface water.
• Examples: factories, underground
mines.
• Sources that cannot be
traced to a single site of
discharge.
• Examples : acid deposition
from the air.
WHERE DOES WATER
POLLUTION COME FROM?
point
sources
Non point
sources

10.  Types of water pollution
Surface water pollution
found on the exterior of the Earth's crust, oceans, rivers and
lakes
• Ground water pollution
found in soil or under rock structure or aquifers
• Microbial pollution
microorganisms that thrives on water and fishes that can cause
illness to land animals and humans
• Oxygen depletion pollution
microorganisms that in water and feeds on biodegradable
substances
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11. Causes of water pollution
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1-Industrial waste is the waste
produced by industrial activity
which includes any material that is
rendered useless during a
manufacturing process such as that
of factories, industries. It has
existed since the start of the
Industrial Revolution.

12. 2-Marine dumping:-
•The garbage produce by each
household in the form of paper,
plastic, food etc if collected and
deposited in sea. These items 200
years to decompose. When such
items enters the sea harm animals in
the sea.
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3- Accidental Oil leakage:-
• Oil spill pose a huge concern as large amount
of oil enters into the sea and does not
dissolve with water; there by opens problem
for local marine wildlife such as fish, birds
and sea otters. For e.g.: a ship carrying large
quantity of oil may spill oil if met with an
accident
� Oil is more harmful to the ocean's
ecosystem than waste and trash;
1.3 million gallons of oil is spilled into the ocean every year; Only 12 percent of oil that is leaked into the
ocean is the result of spills - the rest comes from land;

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4-Animal waste :-
The waste produce by animals is washed away into
the rivers when it rains. It gets mixed up with other
harmful chemicals and causes various water borne
diseases like cholera, diarhea, jaundice, dysentery
and typhoid.

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5-Urban development:
Population has grown, so has the
demand for housing, food and cloth.
As more cities and towns are
developed, they have resulted in
increase use of fertilizers to produce,
increase in construction activities,
inadequate sewer collection and
treatment, landfills as more garbage is
produced, increase in chemicals.

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 Effects of water pollution.
Disruption of food-chains
Pollution disrupts the
natural food chain as well.
Pollutants such as lead and
cadmium are eaten by tiny
animals. Later, these animals
are consumed by fish and
shellfish, and the food chain
continues to be disrupted at
all higher levels.

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 Destruction of ecosystems
Ecosystems (the interaction of living things in
a place, depending on each other for life) can
be severely changed or destroyed by water
pollution. Many areas are now being affected
by careless human pollution, and this pollution
is coming back to hurt humans in many ways.
 Death of aquatic (water) animals
The main problem caused by water pollution is that it
kills organisms that depend on these water bodies.
Dead fish, crabs, birds and sea gulls, dolphins, and
many other animals ..

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 DISEASES
“Life in us is like the water in a river.”
 Water pollution can affect us:
•Directly – through consumption or bathing in a polluted stream,
as well as bathing in polluted lakes or beach water.
•Indirectly – through the consumption of vegetables irrigated with
contaminated water, as well as of fish or other animals that live in
the polluted water or consume animals grown in the polluted water.
This is many times more dangerous than being directly affected
through consumption of water, because some pollutants
bioaccumulate in fish and living organisms

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Signs of polluted
water
1-bad taste of drinking water .
2-offensive odours from
river,lakes&oceans
3-decrease in number of fish in
fresh water and sea water .

21.  Educating the public ..
 Be careful about what you throw down your sink or
toilet..
 Take precaution while using pesticides and fertilizers.
Do not overuse them.
 Make sure to collect the litter and put it in a nearby
dustbin. .
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22.  Participate in clean-up
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