The document provides an overview of five major world religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It discusses their origins, founders, core beliefs, sacred texts, places of worship, and how they have spread geographically over time. Hinduism and Buddhism began in India in 1500 BCE and 520 BCE respectively. Judaism's patriarch is Abraham from 1300 BCE. Christianity was founded by Jesus Christ in 33 AD. Islam was established by Muhammad in 622 AD.
Top 10 Most Powerful Religions In The World | Surprise With The Number Of Followers Of Christianity
We all know that money is not everything, and regardless of whether you are a religious or an atheist, you should know that there are many religions in the world and the right thing to do. respect their ideals. Be happy, have fun, help people, and don't be the bad guy. With the above spirit, let's find out the 10 strongest religions in the world.
Baha'u'llah is a Persian man who founded Baha'i religion in the 19th century. Baha'i religion believes in the unity of all religions. Baha'i unites the messengers in the history of religions such as Krishna, Buddha, Moses, Jesus, Mohammed into a religion that fits the needs of the time and the capabilities of the people of that time.
In the early 19th century, a French teacher named Allan Kardec founded animism. Unlike most other religions, Allan Kardec is not a prophet. In fact, spiritualism does not believe in prophecies either. Kardec has written five books on spiritualism, which are based on research and evidence on conversations with the spiritual world. This religion embraces the same values as Christianity, but does not see Jesus as the Son of God.
THIS IS A POWERPOINT I AM UPLOADING BECAUSE I WANT TO DOWNLOAD THIS POWERPOINT BUT I DO NOT WANT TO PAY FOR A TRIAL I LITERALLY JUST NEED THIS TO TEACH MY KIDS WORLD HISTORY
Top 10 Most Powerful Religions In The World | Surprise With The Number Of Followers Of Christianity
We all know that money is not everything, and regardless of whether you are a religious or an atheist, you should know that there are many religions in the world and the right thing to do. respect their ideals. Be happy, have fun, help people, and don't be the bad guy. With the above spirit, let's find out the 10 strongest religions in the world.
Baha'u'llah is a Persian man who founded Baha'i religion in the 19th century. Baha'i religion believes in the unity of all religions. Baha'i unites the messengers in the history of religions such as Krishna, Buddha, Moses, Jesus, Mohammed into a religion that fits the needs of the time and the capabilities of the people of that time.
In the early 19th century, a French teacher named Allan Kardec founded animism. Unlike most other religions, Allan Kardec is not a prophet. In fact, spiritualism does not believe in prophecies either. Kardec has written five books on spiritualism, which are based on research and evidence on conversations with the spiritual world. This religion embraces the same values as Christianity, but does not see Jesus as the Son of God.
THIS IS A POWERPOINT I AM UPLOADING BECAUSE I WANT TO DOWNLOAD THIS POWERPOINT BUT I DO NOT WANT TO PAY FOR A TRIAL I LITERALLY JUST NEED THIS TO TEACH MY KIDS WORLD HISTORY
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
3. Hinduism
The religion of Hinduism developed and evolved over a long time in India, giving rise to a variety of beliefs
and practices and to other religions, including Buddhism.
One of the oldest religions of humanity, founded in 1500 BCE or earlier.
It is the 3rd largest religion in the world.
No particular founder
2500 – 250 BC
Brahman
4. What do Hindus believe?
1. Brahman -the eternal being - created and preserves the world.
Everything in the world is an aspect of Brahman.
2. Atman - the soul – each person has one that is an aspect of Brahman.
Can’t ever be destroyed.
3. Devas – manifestations of Brahman that are active in the world and who
help to maintain order.
3 of the most common—Brahma, Vishnu, & Siva
4. Reincarnation – being reborn into this world lifetime after lifetime
(Samsara)
5. Karma – the sum effect of a person’s actions, good and bad, which helps
shape future experiences
6. Moksha - goal of human existence, escape from the cycle of
reincarnation to join with the Brahman.
7. Dharma – set of spiritual duties and obligations that must be fulfilled to
achieve moksha.
2500 – 250 BC
5. What are the Sacred Texts?
Oldest, most authoritative:
1. Four Vedas (“truth”) – sacred hymns of praise
Contain knowledge revealed by Brahman
2. Upanishads – philosophical reflections on the
Vedas
Also revealed to, not written by, people
the Great Indian Epics (composed by sages)
Ramayana
Mahabharata(includes Bhagavad-Gita)
Both tell stories that reflect on what it means to live
according to Vedic teachings
2500 – 250 BC
6. What are the religious
practices of Hinduism?
Vary greatly because worship can take place anywhere—usually a temple or in the home.
Spiritual leaders are called gurus or sages.
Yoga-integrated physical and mental exercises. They teach people to focus their minds and
bodies which will aid their meditation in order to attain moksha
Pilgrimage to Ganges (thought it flows through 2 devas so its water is holy. Bathing in it will
purify them and remove bad karma.
Ultimate goal of life – to release Atman and reunite with the
divine, becoming as one with Brahman (Moksha)
2500 – 250 BC
7. Who do Hindus worship? –
3 Most Important Devas
Brahma, the creator
2500 – 250 BC
Siva, the Destroyer
Vishnu, the Preserver
9. Hinduism – Map!
Hinduism in 1500 C.E. Hinduism Today
Hinduism located in India and SE Asia
Then and Now
AUM!
AUM!
AUM!
10. Buddhism
•Buddhism, which
teaches people that
they can escape the
suffering of the world
through the Buddhist
teachings, developed in
Northeast India in 520
BCE and spread to
other parts of Asia
•4th largest religion in
the world
2500 – 250 BC
11. Siddhartha Gautama (563-483 BCE)
Unlike Hinduism,
Buddhism can be traced
to one single founder,
Siddhartha Gautama
Prince of a small
kingdom; he lived a
sheltered life and
sought the answer to
ending suffering
After years of
meditation and
searching, he sat under
a Bodhi tree where he
became Enlightened
He transformed into the
Buddha-the Enlightened
One.
2500 – 250 BC
12. What is the fundamental cause of all suffering?
Desire!
Therefore, extinguish the self, don’t obsess about
oneself. Give up all materials and possessions of the
world.
2500 – 250 BC
The Teachings of Buddhism
13. Four Noble Truths
There is suffering in the world. To live is to suffer.
The cause of suffering is people’s desires for
pleasure and material goods.
The solution is to eliminate desire and attachments.
(Nirvana = “extinction”)
To reach nirvana, one must follow the Eightfold Path.
2500 – 250 BC
15. Eightfold Path
Nirvana
Nirvana is a state of perfect peace in which the soul would
be free from suffering forever. It would escape from the
cycle of rebirth.
If nirvana is not achieved, then the soul would be reborn to
live through the cycle of suffering again.
Spiritual leaders are called monks or lamas.
Worship takes place in a temple or meditation hall.
2500 – 250 BC
16. Sacred Texts
Pali Canon
Dhammapada
Both record the words of the Buddha
17. The Spread of Buddhism
Interactive Map
http://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/books/application
s/imaps/maps/g6_u7/
18. Types of Buddhism
Therevada
Buddhism
Mahayana
Buddhism
Tibetan
Buddhism
2500 – 250 BC
19. Theravada Buddhism
The oldest school of Buddhism.
Found in southern Asia.
The monastic life is the best way to achieve nirvana.
Focus on wisdom and meditation.
Goal is to become a “Buddha,” or “Enlightened One.”
Over 100,000,000 followers today.
2500 – 250 BC
20. Mahayana Buddhism
Founded in northern Asia (China, Japan).
Buddhism “for the masses.”
One doesn’t need to be a monk or nun to reach nirvana;
anyone can do it with some help.
Seek guidance from Boddhisatvas, wise beings, people
who have found enlightenment but have stayed on
earth to help others find their way.
Goal: Not just individual escape from the wheel, but
the salvation of all humanity through self-sacrifice of
those who are already enlightened.d few.
2500 – 250 BC
21. Tibetan Buddhism
Developed in Tibet in the 7c CE.
A mix of Theravada and Mahayana.
Boddhisatvas include Lamas, like
the Dalai Lama.
2500 – 250 BC
22. Buddhism – Map!
Buddhism in 1500 C.E. Buddhism Today
Buddhism located in Southeast and East Asia (China) Then and Now
24. Brief History
Judaism- The Hebrew leader Abraham
founded Judaism in Mesopotamia
around 1300 B.C. Judaism is the oldest
of the monotheistic faiths (religions
with one God).
Christianity - Founded by Jesus Christ,
who was crucified around A.D. 33 in
Palestine in the city of Jerusalem. It
was after his death when his followers
came to believe in him as the Christ,
the Messiah.
Islam - Founded in Arabia by
Muhammad in A.D. 622.
25. ABRAHAM SARAH
HAGAR
Isaac
Esau
Jacob/Israel
12 Tribes of
Israel
Ishmael
12 Arabian
Tribes
•Islam-Quran
•Other 10 tribes-
(Israelites)
(Hebrews)
•Judaism-Torah
Abraham’s Genealogy
•2 Tribes - (Jews) of Judah
•Jesus Christ (son of God)
•The Hebrew Bible - Old
Testament in the Christian
Bible
Mecca
(Muslims)
•Muhammad
(the last
prophet)
•Quran and the
Five Pillars of
Islam
4000–550 BC
All 3 Religions are linked by Abraham—He is the patriarch of all 3
26. Judaism Briefly
Judaism is over 3000 years old and is the
oldest of the world's monotheistic religions
(religions with only one God). It's also the
smallest, with only about 14 million (7th)
followers around the world.
Its holy city is Jerusalem.
27. Judaism Beliefs
Jews believe that there is a single God
(Yahweh) who not only created the
universe, but with whom every Jew can
have an individual and personal
relationship.
They await the Messiah, who will be an
earthly king. They believe in heaven,
but that God determines where they go
after life on earth.
Ten Commandments is the basic code
of law.
28. Judaism Holy Book
The most holy Jewish book is the Torah
(the first five books of the Christian Bible).
Others include Judaism's oral tradition,
the written form of which is known as the
Talmud.
The Torah (scroll of teachings) contains
the five books revealed to Moses by God
on Mount Sinai.
Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and
Deuteronomy
29. Judaism Place of Worship
Jews worship in
Synagogues or
temples. Men and
women usually sit
separately.
Worship is led by a
Rabbi.
Saturday (begins at
sundown on Friday)
is time for worship. Stamford Hill, London
30. • According to the Bible, the First Temple for Jewish worship
was built around 900-1000 BCE and destroyed by
Babylonians in 586 BCE.
• The Jews were then sent out of Canaan, but returned after
50 years in exile.
• A Diaspora occurs when a group of people leave their
homeland and move to many different locations separately.
• All of the world’s Jewish communities today that do not live in
present-day Israel are part of the Jewish Diaspora.
The Temple
31. • A new temple was finished 70 years later
on the site of the First Temple, but was
badly plundered by invading Romans
about 54 BCE.
• King Herod, a Jew, ruled Judea for the
Romans. Under him the second temple
was rebuilt in 20 BCE.
• When the Romans attacked Jerusalem
again in 70 CE(AD), they destroyed
Herod’s temple.
• Today, the single remaining temple wall,
the Western Wall, is a place of prayer for
Jewish pilgrims.
• Jews moved away from the land again,
until the modern state of Israel was
formed in the late 1940s.
The Temple
32. Judaism – Map!
Judaism in 1500 C.E. Judaism Today
In 1500, located in Europe and
Middle East
Today, located in Israel and U.S.
33. Christianity briefly
Christianity is the world's largest religion,
with about 2.2 billion followers worldwide.
It is based on the teachings of Jesus
Christ who lived in the Holy Land 2,000
years ago.
34. Christianity Beliefs
Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the
Son of God
God sent his Son to earth to save humanity
from the consequences of its sins
Jesus rose from the dead on the third day
after his Crucifixion (the Resurrection)
Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah
promised in the Old Testament
Christians believe that there is only one God,
but that this one God consists of 3 "persons“-
God the Father, God the Son, God the Holy
Ghost--Trinity
Christians believe that God made the world.
35. Christianity Beliefs
Christians believe that they can have a
personal relationship with God, and that
they are saved by faith, and good works.
They believe in heaven and hell.
They believe that the Bible is the inspired
word of God.
36. Christians Holy Book
The Bible is the Christian holy book. It is
divided into the Old and New Testaments.
Parts of the writing contained in the Old
Testament are also sacred to Jewish and
Muslim people.
37. Christian Place of Worship
The Christian place of
worship is called a Church,
which are built in the shape
of a cross with the altar
facing east towards the
rising sun. Services are led
by a priest, pastor or
reverend.
Day of worship is normally
Sunday.
Westminster Abbey London
38. Christian Sects
Roman Catholicism vs. Eastern Orthodox-Christian Church
divided when the Roman Empire was divided and then fell.
Orthodox Christians do not recognize the authority of the
Pope.
Catholicism vs. Protestantism-as a result of the
Reformation, Protestant sects broke with the Catholic
Church and established their own separate churches.
39. Christianity – Map!
Christianity 1500 C.E. Christianity Today
In 1500, located in Europe and
Middle East
Today, located in Americas and
Europe
40. Islam Briefly
Islam is the second most popular religion
in the world with 1.3 billion followers.
Islam began in Arabia and was revealed to
humanity by the Prophet Muhammad
(peace be upon him). Those who follow
Islam are called Muslims. Muslims believe
that there is only one God, called Allah,
who speaks Arabic.
41. Islam Holy Book
The Muslim scripture is the Holy Qur'an. It
is 'the word of God'. Muslim beliefs and
practices are rooted in the Qur'an.
Muslims treat the Qur'an with great
respect because they believe that the
Qur'an is from Allah, and every word and
every letter is sacred.
Muslims regard the Qur'an as the
unaltered word of God.
42. Islam Place of Worship
The Muslim building for communal worship is called a Mosque.
The word comes from the Arabic for "place of prostration".
Worshippers are called to prayer 5 times a day from minarets –
towers on the mosque corners.
They contain only designs, no people or animals or furniture.
Normal day of worship is Friday.
Religious leaders are called imams.
Grand mosque in
Mecca
43. Five Pillars Belief system/law code
Shahadah: declaration of faith
"I bear witness that there is no god, but God; I bear witness that
Muhammad is the prophet of God." By reciting this, one enters
Islamic faith.
Salah: Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca
Muslims are required to pray five times a day, washing
themselves before prayer and facing in the direction of Mecca
while praying.
Zakat: Give a fixed proportion to charity
Muslims are required to give away a percentage of their earnings
to those less fortunate, regardless of their religion.
Saum: Fast during the month of Ramadan
Muslims fast for one lunar month each year, a period called
Ramadan. During this time, Muslims reflect on their behavior and
strive to purify their thoughts.
Hajj: Make a pilgrimage to Mecca
If it is financially possible, Muslims are required to travel to Mecca
once in their lifetime.
44. The Hajj
Hijja:
The month of
pilgrimage during
which all
Muslims, at least
once in their life,
should try to
make the
pilgrimage to
Mecca and
worship at the
Kaaba
45. Muslim Sects
Sunni-the majority
Shia-the minority
The split rose from an early dispute over who should be the leader
of Islam after the death of Muhammad. The Sunnis argued that
the successor should be appointed by election and consensus, as
tradition dictated. (Sunni comes from the Arabic word Sunna ,
meaning “tradition.”) The Shia believed that Muhammad's
successors should come from his family, starting with Ali, his son-
in-law. These, the partisans of Ali, were named from the word
Shia , meaning “partisan” in Arabic.
46. Islam – Map!
Islam in 1500 C.E. Islam Today
In 1500, located in Middle East,
Africa, and Southern Europe
Today, located in Middle East,
Africa, and Asia
47. View of Fellow Abrahamic Religions
Judaism – “Islam and Christianity are false
interpretations and extensions of Judaism.”
Christianity – “Judaism is a true religion, but
with incomplete revelation. Islam is a false
religion.”
Islam – “Jews and Christians are respected as
fellow believers, but with wrong beliefs and
only partial revelation.”
47