2. atman, brahman, moksha, samsara, reincarnation, karma, dharma, ahimsa, the Caste System Vocabulary Hindu priests carry out traditional religious practices in temples. Emperor of Japan (considered to be direct descendent of the Sun Goddess) Shaman: medicine man or woman Significant Leaders Though temples exist, it is usually practiced in the home Shrines near places of natural beauty (lakes, mountains) Outdoors in nature Places of Worship Vedas, Upanishads, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Bhagavad Gita. Kokiji , or Record of Ancient Matters and Nikong , or Chronicles of Japan . Oral Storytelling Significant Writings India Japan World-wide, but most common in areas of Africa and the Americas. Currently Practiced Indian Subcontinent Japan Simultaniously developed in many parts of the world Geographic Origin 1500BCE 500 BCE Established Cultural diffusion between Aryans and the Native People Tribes with similar beliefs Founder Hinduism is a polytheistic religion that was formed from a variety of different religious practices. Shinto teaches that there is a sacredness of the whole universe and that humans can be in tune with this sacredness. Animists practice nature worship. They believe that everything in the universe has a spirit Basic Beliefs Hinduism Shinto Animism
3. Five Pillars of Islam The Ten Commandments, Messiah, Holy Trinity wu-wei, yin and yang Five Relationships, Jen, Li, Filial Piety Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path The Ten Commandments Vocabulary The Caliph, Imam, ; and the Muezzin, Priests and ministers and nuns Dalai Lama Rabbis Significant Leaders Mosques Churches and Cathedrals may be practiced individually, but temples and monasteries do exist. Synagogues Places of Worship Koran, Qu'ran The Holy Bible Lao-Te-Ching The Analects Tripitaka The Torah and the Talmud Significant Writings the Middle East, including Southwest Asia and North Africa. North America, South America, Europe, and Russia. Southeast Asia. Southeast Asia Southeast Asia and Japan.. Worldwide Currently Practiced Arabian Peninsula Israel China Developed in China India Developed in the Middle East in and around the area that is currently Israel. Geographic Origin 663 CE 30 CE 500 BCE. 500 BCE.. 2000 BCE Established Mohammed Jesus of Nazareth Lao Tzu Kong Fu Zi Siddhartha Gautama Abraham Founder Mohammed received the word of God, or Allah, through the angel Gabriel while living in the city of Mecca. Christians believe that Jesus of Nazareth was the Son of God, sent to redeem the world of sin. It represents a naturalistic ideal of how one should live their life. the only cure was to stress a sense of social order and mutual respec Buddhism developed in India, and is based on many of the core concepts of Hinduism Judaism is the oldest known monotheistic religion still practiced in the world today. Basic Beliefs Islam Christianity Taoism Confucianism Buddhism Judaism
4. Mass Production; Big Business; Laissex-Faire Economics; Urbanization; Loss of Quality Working Conditions; New Roles for the middle class; Emergence of the working class; Communism; Imperialism Caused by: Money for railroads, factories, and mines; The steam engine; The British had the right natural resources for industrialization 1850 CE A century later, many people lived in cities and most of their needs were produced by complex machines using steam power. Industrial Rev. The Scientific Revolution had far reaching effects. Besides changing the way people thought about the universe, the use of the Scientific Method resulted in discoveries in medicine, physics, and biology. The basis for the Scientific Revolution was the Scientific Method. This method of research is the basis for modern science. Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model of the solar system. Galileo proved him correct with his "homemade" telescope. He was forced to recant his ideas or face execution. Isaac Newton used mathematics to describe gravity 1540s-1750s CE The same spirit of inquiry that fueled the Renaissance, led scientists to question traditional beliefs about the workings of the universe. The most prominent scientists of this time include, Copernicus, Galileo, and Isaac Newton. Scientific Rev. Enlightenment ideas helped to stimulate people's sense of individualism, and the basic belief in equal rights. Enlightened Thinkers: Descartes, Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau 1680- 1790 CE The Enlightenment changed the way people lived as political and social scholars began to question the workings of society and government, while rejecting traditional ideas. The Enlightenment attempted to explain the purpose of government, and describe the best form of it. Enlightenment Spread quickly because of unrest in the peasant population and the printing press. Europe is divided religiously, and strong monarchs fill the leadership void left as a result of a weakened Catholic Church. Luther: Christians could only reach salvation through faith in god. He did not believe that the Pope or other priests had any special powers. Calvin: he believed that faith in god provided the path to salvation and predestination(the belief that certain people were chosen by god for salvation) 1517 CE The Reformation was a protest against perceived wrong doings by the Catholic Church. The followers of Luther and Calvin became known as Protestants, because of their "protesting." Protestant Ref. The increased interaction between Europe and the Middle East caused the spread of the Bubonic Plague, the decline of feudalism, and a revival of arts, literature, and science known as the Renaissance. Guilds, Capitalism, Partnerships & Joint Stock Companies, Banks, Bills of Exchange,Insurance 1300 CE As a result of the Crusades, trade increased, which also increased cultural diffusion between the Islamic world and Europe. As this trade flourished and grew, new practices in business were developed. Commercial Rev. Some of these early groups settled in the fertile valleys of the Nile, Tigris-Euphrates, Yellow, and Indus Rivers. This resulted in the rise of the great civilizations in Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and India. Humans cultivated crops and domesticate certain animals. Permanent settlements were established.Farmers created a calendar to keep track of planting and harvesting. They developed metal tools, such as plows, and metal weapons. 10,000 BCE The shift from hunting & gathering to agriculture led to permanent settlements, the establishment of social classes, and the eventual rise of civilizations. Neolithic Rev. Effects Discoveries/Developments Date Background Info
