Cordyceps sinensis , kida jadi, its introduction, morphology, life cycle, market potential, artificial cultivation, bioactive compounds abd health benefits. It is one of the valuable entomophagous fungus described in traditional chinese medicines
3. INTRODUCTION
• Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is one of the valuable entomophagous
fungus ( caterpillar fungus)described in traditional Chinese
medicines as rare and exotic medicinal fungi.
• In view of the many positive health effects attributed to CS, it is
hailed as wonder herb of traditional Chinese medicines since
many centuries.
• CS parasitizes caterpillar stage of ghost moths (Hepialus
armoricanus) and produces a fruiting body assessed as an herbal
remedy.
• It is mainly distributed in China, Tibetan Plateau, Bhutan, Nepal,
and the northern part of India at an altitude of 3500–5000 m
above sea level.
4. Host
• Scientific name: hepialus
Armoricanus
• Traditional name: ghost
moth,Himalayan bat moth
• Order: lepidoptera
• Family: Hepialidae
7. • The fruiting body is dark brown to black.
• It is 5-15 cm long and 0.14 to 0.4 cm thick.
• There are two types are available in market based on the
colour. The whitish yellow is larger and good in quality. The
other type is of copper colour and it is smaller as well as
qualitatively compromised.
MORPHOLOGY
8. HABITAT
•Altitude:3500 to 5000 m above MSL
•Cold and arid environment
DISTRIBUTION
• Uttrakhand
• Sikkim
• Himachal pradesh
• Arunachal pradesh
9. • It is a fungus which grows on a larva of ghost moth.
• During the summer and early autumn , mature fruiting bodies Of
cordyceps sinensis release millions of ascospors in the air which infected
the larva and germinate inside its body.
• fungal cells spread throughout the body through the circulatory system.
• As the larva is subterranean in habit, it continues digging the soil and
enters inside from its rear part in vertical position.
• During the winter season, the fungal cells rapidly proliferate inside the
larva body and consume all the internal organs of the larva except its
exoskeleton.
• Then the fungal cells convert into the compact white mass inside the
body of larva, which is called endosclerotium.
LIFE CYCLE
10. • When outer temperature slowly rises up at the beginning of the
spring, the endosclerotium starts germinating and extrudes through
the head part of the larva and ultimately protrudes through the soil.
• This part called stroma gets fully mature in the summer (fruiting
bodies) and again produces ascospores, which infect the larvae in
that region. At this season the collectors start collecting this fungus.
• The life cycle needs one year to complete.
11.
12. Quality parameters
• Size and firmness of the
host
• Saturated yellowish brown is preferred over pale colours
• Robustness and weight
13. • CS possess many health benefits such as anti-
oxidative effect, anti-tumor, potentiating immune
response, anti-inflammatory, anti-stress and anti-
fatigue,and anti-myocarditis. And also CS contains a
major class of active ingredients such as nucleosides,
polysaccharides, sterols etc.Therfore it has
tremendous scope.
• During the last decade, trade activities have
established huge market demand for CS .
MARKET POTENTIAL
16. • Mass artificial production of mycelium is done using culture
mediums, two methods of cultivation includes liquid culture
fermentation and Solid substrate method.
• Solid Fermentation :
• In this method, the substrate comprises of grains or a mixed
bag of cereals on which mycelium is allowed to grow. The grain
is usually rice, wheat or rye although many different sorts of
grains are used. Although this methodology harvests the
mycelium with maximum bio-actives recovery and this can be
well-known low price technique but disadvantage is, mycelia
contains high content of grain matter than actual CS substance.
ARTIFICIAL CULTIVATION OF CORDYCEPS SINENSIS
17. • Solid fermentation conditions were optimized through single
factor test to recover maximum polysaccharides where soybean
meal and rice bran (1:2 w/w) as substrates and arrived at
optimum amount of inoculation (20%), fermentation
temperature (26 C), water content of medium (60%), air
relative humidity (60%) and fermentation time (7 days).
•Liquid Fermentation :
• The nutritional requirements (17 carbohydrates, 16 nitrogen
compounds, 9 vitamins, 4 macro-elements, 4 trace-elements
and 8 ratios of carbon to nitrogen) for the successful
submerged cultivation of CS wherein a maximum of 22 g/l of
mycelial biomass could be obtained in submerged cultures after
40 days
19. Bioactive compounds
Cordycepin & Cordycepic acid
Amino acids- lysine, glutamic acid,
proline and threonine
Unsaturated fatty acids- 57.84% , linoleic
acid- 38.44%
Polysaccharides-3 to 8%
Nucleotides - guanosine has the
highest content
Ergosterol - mycelia (1.44 mg/g)
fruiting body (10.68 mg/g)
20. • Improves liver function
• Improves kidney Disease
• Reduces tumour size
• Enhances immunity
• Assists symptoms of Ageing
• Reverses HIV
• Anti-Cancer
• Anti-Oxidant
• Anti-diabetic
• Sexual and reproductive function
Major healthbenefits
Cordiceps has a significant positive effect on athletic performance
21. ●Cordyceps has most often been used by adults in doses of 3-6
grams by mouth daily for up to 1 year.
Most cordyceps supplements are made in a lab.
Natural cordyceps is hard to get and might be expensive.
Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what dose might be
best for a specific condition.
• When taken by mouth,cordyceps might cause the immune system
to become more active. This could increase the symptoms of auto-
immune diseases. It might cause mild side effects such
as diarrhea, constipation, and stomach discomfort.If you have one
of these conditions, it's best to avoid using cordyceps.
Doses
SIDE EFFECTS
