4 uses of secondary sources
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This document outlines 4 ways to use secondary sources in writing: 1) to support an argument, 2) to contextualize an argument, 3) as an object of criticism, and 4) as an object of analysis. It notes that sources are typically summarized rather than quoted when used to support or provide context, while quoting is more common when sources serve as objects of criticism or analysis since new arguments can be generated from them.
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· The title must appear at the top of your first page as set out in the list attached (The title must not be altered or changed in any way)
· You should use spacing (1.5) and font size 12
· Correct spelling and appropriate paragraphing should be evident
· There should be no widows or orphans, i.e. headings left alone at the bottom of the page
· You should provide references for every citation within the text – omissions will be penalised - References should be written in accord with a referencing convention that is consistent with your major course of study, e.g. APA
Marks will be awarded for:
· Answering the question
· Observing academic conventions
· Adopting a clear and sophisticated style of writing
· Identifying and addressing key issues raised by the question
· Breadth and depth of relevant knowledge
· Depth of analysis, Clarity of argument, Soundness of argument
· Originality of argument
You might find these articles relevant to the topicBaumeister, R. F. & Hastings, S. (1997). Distortions of collective memory: How groups flatter and deceive themselves. In J. W. Pennebaker, D. Paez, & B. Rimé. Collective memory of political events: Social psychological perspectives. Mahwah, NJ: LEA.
Liu, J. H., & Hilton, D. J. (2005). How the past weights on the present: Social representations of history and their role in identity politics. British Journal of Social Psychology, 44, 537–556.
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1700 WORDS REQUIRED essay] and 300 words reflective writing, for reflective writing, I will send you the lecture slides and you will need to reflect upon those slide
to get mark:
Displays a systematic and sophisticated knowledge and understanding of the subject. Is extensively researched and shows a critical awareness of current issues within the field.
Original argument reflecting synthetically on the issues raised in the module. Authoritative and reflective use of supporting material.
Demonstrates a sophisticated understanding of theoretical and critical concepts which includes the ability to reflect critically.
Excellently presented work that conforms to all required academic conventions. Written in a style that is lucid and precise.
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and depth.
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· The title must appear at the top of your first page as set out in the list attached (The title must not be altered or changed in any way)
· You should use spacing (1.5) and font size 12
· Correct spelling and appropriate paragraphing should be evident
· There should be no widows or orphans, i.e. headings left alone at the bottom of the page
· You should provide references for every citation within the text – omissions will be penalised - References should be written in accord with a referencing convention that is consistent with your major course of study, e.g. APA
Marks will be awarded for:
· Answering the question
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· Adopting a clear and sophisticated style of writing
· Identifying and addressing key issues raised by the question
· Breadth and depth of relevant knowledge
· Depth of analysis, Clarity of argument, Soundness of argument
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Lászlo ́, J. (2003). History, identity and narratives. In J. Lászlo ́, & W. Wagner (Eds.), Theories and controversies in societal psychology (pp. 180–192). Budapest, Hungary: New Mandate.
Pennebaker, J. W., Paez, D., & Rime, B. (Eds.). (1997). Collective memory of political events: Social psychological perspectives. Mahwah, NJ: LEA.
1700 WORDS REQUIRED essay] and 300 words reflective writing, for reflective writing, I will send you the lecture slides and you will need to reflect upon those slide
to get mark:
Displays a systematic and sophisticated knowledge and understanding of the subject. Is extensively researched and shows a critical awareness of current issues within the field.
Original argument reflecting synthetically on the issues raised in the module. Authoritative and reflective use of supporting material.
Demonstrates a sophisticated understanding of theoretical and critical concepts which includes the ability to reflect critically.
Excellently presented work that conforms to all required academic conventions. Written in a style that is lucid and precise.
Displays a strong and intelligent knowledge and understanding ofthe subject. Is extensively researched and referenced in breadth
and depth.
slides 1.ppt
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Essays Against The Death Penalty.pdf
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Argument In Support And Against Of Hofstede Work
This document provides an overview of Hofstede's seminal work describing five cultural dimensions and discusses arguments both for and against his work. It summarizes Hofstede's study using data from 116,000 IBM employees in over 50 countries to identify four main cultural dimensions. It then reviews Hofstede's five dimensions in more detail and outlines some common criticisms of his work, including that surveys may not accurately measure cultural values, his assumptions of cultural homogeneity within countries ignores variations, and that cultures are not bounded by national borders.
1Alex SepkowskiProfessor Lewis1152014Annotat.docx
1
Alex Sepkowski
Professor Lewis
11/5/2014
Annotated Bibliography
Daily, Mary. "Exorcising Evil from Eve." Beyond God and The Father: Toward a philosophy of Women's Liberation. Boston Beacon Press, 1973.
Mary was an extreme feminist. In her time sexism was very strong and seen all over. She believes the subjugated role of a woman is to have an impact on their social, political, and economical lives. Her interruption of the Adam and Eve story, she feels, makes woman believe that men are inferior and women are the root of all man's problems. She also feels women are portrayed as evil by the Adam and Eve myth by when Eve eats the forbidden fruit and encourages Adam to do the same. Mary feels women have been abused and are made to feel in adequate.
This is a useful source for my research paper because Mary represents how the feminist theory was progressed through time. She represents that by showing real events that occurred supporting her theory on how women were looked down upon. Mary analyzes and writes about many events and traditions that are not seen today. For instance the burning of witches by churches. Also by writing about "The return of Lobotomy and Psychosurgery". By Dr. Peter Breggins, she gives herself more proof about the large amount of women lobotomized in the 1970s and how through progression, that is now looked at as outdated and old.
Hume, David. “Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding –Oh Mira-Cles”. Bartleby.com, web. 10 Jan 2014. http://www.bartleby.com/37/3/14.html
Hume was important during the Enlightenment time. He lived from 1711-1776; he was a British philosopher, who used thought and reason through rationalists and empiricists ways of thinking to examine both sides of an argument. Hume originally was a founder of empiricism, which is a person’s thought, and beliefs reasoning based off what you sense, perceive, and experience. He believes seeing is everything, which also means since miracles are the only evidence of Christianity religion then Christianity is not true to him.
Hume’s way of thinking helps us thinking two ways. The rationalist use reason to explain their findings. While the empiricists use what we see, and experience to determine belief from opinion. Hume’s way of thinking has not really progressed but is still used today showing some things have not changed.
Immanuel, Krant "The Critique of Pure Reason” By: Mark Luttio
Emmanuelle studied epistemological theories or the theories of knowledge. He studied how we receive knowledge by either our rational thoughts or by one's experiences. Emmanuelle believes there is now an “either or” side to reasoning. In other words there is no "pure reasoning". Emmanuelle believes both empiricism and rationalization are needed. To process knowledge we need our minds, thoughts, and our experiences. Emmanuelle's theory demonstrates progress by showing the epistemological enterprise first started with Plato (rationalist) and Aristotle (empiricist). Then progressed.
The enlightenment (2)
This document provides an overview of the Enlightenment period and key Enlightenment thinkers. It defines the Enlightenment as a period from the 1600s-1700s where educated Europeans changed their outlook to see reason as key to human progress. Major figures discussed include Thomas Hobbes, who believed humans are naturally selfish and life without government would be "nasty, brutish, and short." The document aims to help students understand the historical roots and major ideas of the Enlightenment, including challenges to traditional authority and emphasis on individual rights and reason over tradition.
Term Paper Proposal (Research)Student NameCourse Name and Nu.docx
Term Paper Proposal (Research)
Student Name
Course Name and Number
Instructor Name
Date of Assignment
Religious Violence and Radical Islam
Today, we live in a world where violence plagues our society. I believe it is crucial to discuss the concept of violence. Why does it occur? Why does it seem to be consuming not only those living in America, but the entire World population? Our daily news headlines are stormed with stories about new acts of violence every day. Many times these headlines are developed due to an act of violence that was committed by a religious group. This paper will focus on the impulse of violence within religion. The thesis for this paper is that in any religion in which radical groups exist there is potential for violence to occur. According to the Pew Research Center, Islam is the World’s second largest religion and the fastest growing (The Future of World Religion, 2015). In light of this fact, this research paper will focus on the radical groups that exist within the Islamic religion. The major emphasis of this paper will be to determine if the violence that occurs is a reflection of ideological foundations in the religion or is it more greatly influenced by culture and other precipitating factors.
First, I will examine some of the violent acts carried out by religious groups throughout history. I will look at the factors that influenced such acts to be carried out by these groups of people using information from “Religion, Terror and Violence: Religious Studies Perspectives”, by Rennie and Tite (2008). History reveals many acts of violence occurring among religious group. In particular were the battles that occurred during Holy wars. For example, the Crusades were a series of battles that occurred between 1096-1291 for control of the Holy land. I will use examples and information from Selengut’s “Sacred Fury: understanding religious violence”, to determine whether violent acts, such as the Holy wars, were only influence by opposing religious beliefs or were they a product of other factors such as political and cultural influence? I will also implement material from Kressel’s “Bad faith: the danger of religious extremist”, which explains extremist among many religions, in further support of my thesis statement.
Second, I will narrow my focus on violence to that which is occurring in the Islamic religion. I would like to express again that I am not focusing on Islam because I believe it is a violent religion. I am focusing on this religion in particular because of its fast growing population and attention it has recently been receiving in our society. As stated in my thesis, I am attempting to prove that violence can exist in any religion in which there are radical groups of people. I will use information from Esposito’s book, “What everyone needs to know about Islam”, to explain a few of the foundational ideologies that exist in Islam. Next, I will focus on the radical groups that exist among the Islamic religion. ...
Atheism And Islam A Contemporary Discourse
This document provides an overview of contemporary atheism and its engagement with Islam. It introduces the major figures of the "New Atheism" movement, including Richard Dawkins, Sam Harris, Christopher Hitchens, and Daniel Dennett. It also profiles ex-Muslim atheists like Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Ali Rizvi, and Ibn Warraq. The document then systematically analyzes the philosophical, scientific, and theological arguments made by atheists against Islam. It examines both the criticisms put forward and potential ways for Muslims to constructively engage with the issues raised. Overall, the document aims to explore the discourse between contemporary atheism and Islam in an informed manner.
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4 uses of secondary sources
- 1. 4 USES OF SECONDARY SOURCES John Tiedemann, University Writing Center
- 2. 4 ways to use a secondary source To support our argument.
- 3. 4 ways to use a secondary source To support our argument. To contextualize our argument.
- 4. 4 ways to use a secondary source To support our argument. To contextualize our argument. As an object of criticism.
- 5. 4 ways to use a secondary source To support our argument. To contextualize our argument. As an object of criticism. As an object of analysis.
- 6. as support
- 7. as context
- 8. as object of criticism While Urbano (1979b) has shown that a concept of non-order was an integral component of Andean social organization, this notion should be understood as an element in the the dynamic logic of Andean models of society and the universe as a whole. As a concept, it is very different from the Christian construct of the devil developed in the late Middle Ages. (173) ... Several interpreters of Andean religion have asserted that some form of “witchcraft” did exist in the Andes prior to Spanish colonization (Rowe 1957:297–98). I suggest, however, that the evidential basis on which these assertions were made should be reevaluated. (174)
- 9. as object of analysis
- 10. an important difference You’re more likely to summarize, rather than quote, your sources when using them to support or contextualize your argument, since you aren’t thereby adding anything new to your argument. You’re more likely to quote, rather than summarize, your sources when using them as objects of criticism or, especially, analysis, since in these cases you’re using them to generate new arguments of your own.
- 11. Try to use this passage in any one of the 4 ways we’ve discussed: The Spanish decreed that witchcraft and idolatry were indistinguishable; thus, witchcraft, maintenance of ancient traditions, and conscious political resistance became increasingly intertwined for colonial Indians. “Witches,” manipulating structures, and ideologies introduced by the Spanish formed crucial links in an underground politico-religious movement that was emerging in response to colonialism. Irene Silverblatt, Moon, Sun, and Witches, (195)