3.4 alcohol & disulfiram

•

31 likes•12,008 views

The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.

Health & Medicine

What's hot

Anti-anxiety drugs

Dr Renju Ravi

Anti-epileptic drugs

Dr Mangala Nischal

CNS stimulants & cognitive enhancers

Dr.UMER SUFYAN M

Antiasthmatics

pharmacologyseminars

Propranolol

Md Shohag Hosen

Cardiac glycosides or cardiotonic

Suresh Kumar Ghritlahare

UNIT II SYMPATHOLYTIC AGENTS

SONALI PAWAR

2.2.1 diuretics and antidiuretic drugs

Arunachalam Muthuraman

Antihypertensive drugs

Suresh Kumar Ghritlahare

Drugs used in myasthenia gravis and galucoma

AshviniGovande

Sedatives & hypnotics

Dr Resu Neha Reddy

Anticonvulsants

Tandzile Simelane

Antipsychotics

Naser Tadvi

Anti-Parkinsonism drugs Pharmacology

Koppala RVS Chaitanya

ANTIDEPRESSANTSSaharish Khaliq

Cardiotonics

Dr. Binu Babu Nursing Lectures Incredibly Easy

Cardiac glycoside PHARMACOLOGY

Bindu Kundu

Oral contraceptives

velspharmd

Antiepileptics (New) - drdhriti

http://neigrihms.gov.in/

Hypoglycemic agents

Soujanya Pharm.D

What's hot (20)

Anti-anxiety drugs

Anti-epileptic drugs

CNS stimulants & cognitive enhancers

Antiasthmatics

Propranolol

Cardiac glycosides or cardiotonic

UNIT II SYMPATHOLYTIC AGENTS

2.2.1 diuretics and antidiuretic drugs

Antihypertensive drugs

Drugs used in myasthenia gravis and galucoma

Sedatives & hypnotics

Anticonvulsants

Antipsychotics

Anti-Parkinsonism drugs Pharmacology

ANTIDEPRESSANTS

Cardiotonics

Cardiac glycoside PHARMACOLOGY

Oral contraceptives

Antiepileptics (New) - drdhriti

Hypoglycemic agents

Recently uploaded

Ocular injury ppt Upendra pal optometrist upums saifai etawah

pal078100

Physiology of Chemical Sensation of smell.pdf

MedicoseAcademics

Title: Sense of Smell Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology Qualifications: MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore) FCPS Physiology ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU) MPH (GC University, Faisalabad) MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan) Learning Objectives: Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness. Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction. Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain. Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential. Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes. Key Topics: Olfactory Genes: 3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes. 400 genes for odorant receptors. Olfactory Membrane: Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity. Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum. Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate. Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters. Olfactory Mucosa: Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell. Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment. Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months. Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus. Stimulation of Olfactory Cells: Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia. Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve. Quality of a Good Odorant: Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble. Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus. Membrane Potential and Action Potential: Resting membrane potential: -55mV. Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength. Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell: Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation. Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system. Primary Sensations of Smell: Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid. Odor Detection Threshold: Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm). Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations. Characteristics of Smell: Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein. Behavioral and emotional influences of smell. Transmission of Olfactory Signals: From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition. Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path

24 Upakrama.pptx class ppt useful in all

DrSathishMS1

ARTHROLOGY PPT NCISM SYLLABUS AYURVEDA STUDENTS

Dr. Vinay Pareek

basicmodesofventilation2022-220313203758.pdf

aljamhori teaching hospital

Charaka Samhita Sutra Sthana 9 Chapter khuddakachatuspadadhyaya

Dr KHALID B.M

Triangles of Neck and Clinical Correlation by Dr. RIG.pptx

Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore

Cervical & Brachial Plexus By Dr. RIG.pptx

Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdf

Anujkumaranit

Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

Saeid Safari

Are There Any Natural Remedies To Treat Syphilis.pdf

Little Cross Family Clinic

micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdf

Anurag Sharma

KDIGO 2024 guidelines for diabetologists

د.محمود نجيب

Antiulcer drugs Advance Pharmacology .pptx

Rohit chaurpagar

Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology || Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining. ||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.

Ophthalmology Clinical Tests for OSCE exam

KafrELShiekh University

Alcohol_Dr. Jeenal Mistry MD Pharmacology.pdf

Dr Jeenal Mistry

Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity, mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate, and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria). The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S., the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD, comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and pharmacotherapies for AUD.

Surgical Site Infections, pathophysiology, and prevention.pptx

jval Landero

Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...

Sujoy Dasgupta

Physiology of Special Chemical Sensation of Taste

MedicoseAcademics

Title: Sense of Taste Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology Qualifications: MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore) FCPS Physiology ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU) MPH (GC University, Faisalabad) MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan) Learning Objectives: Describe the structure and function of taste buds. Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances. Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation. Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes. Key Topics: Significance of Taste Sensation: Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food Influence on behavior Selection of food based on metabolic needs Receptors of Taste: Taste buds on the tongue Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper) Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations: Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste Taste Threshold and Index: Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine) Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold Taste Blindness: Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds Example: Phenylthiocarbamide Structure and Function of Taste Buds: Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers Location of Taste Buds: Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate) Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus Mechanism of Taste Stimulation: Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation: Decrease in sensitivity with age Rapid adaptation of taste sensation Role of Saliva in Taste: Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors Washing away the stimulus Taste Preferences and Aversions: Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion Influence of receptors and neural pathways Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage: Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut Abnormalities of Taste Detection: Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia) Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold: Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity Supertasters: 25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness Increased number of fungiform papillae

Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnataka

addon Scans

As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions. Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says. This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots. To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare. Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself. Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places. Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages. Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!

Recently uploaded (20)

Ocular injury ppt Upendra pal optometrist upums saifai etawah

Physiology of Chemical Sensation of smell.pdf

24 Upakrama.pptx class ppt useful in all

ARTHROLOGY PPT NCISM SYLLABUS AYURVEDA STUDENTS

basicmodesofventilation2022-220313203758.pdf

Charaka Samhita Sutra Sthana 9 Chapter khuddakachatuspadadhyaya

Triangles of Neck and Clinical Correlation by Dr. RIG.pptx

Cervical & Brachial Plexus By Dr. RIG.pptx

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdf

Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

Are There Any Natural Remedies To Treat Syphilis.pdf

micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdf

KDIGO 2024 guidelines for diabetologists

Antiulcer drugs Advance Pharmacology .pptx

Ophthalmology Clinical Tests for OSCE exam

Alcohol_Dr. Jeenal Mistry MD Pharmacology.pdf

Surgical Site Infections, pathophysiology, and prevention.pptx

Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...

Physiology of Special Chemical Sensation of Taste

Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnataka

3.4 alcohol & disulfiram

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

More from Arunachalam Muthuraman

More from Arunachalam Muthuraman (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

3.4 alcohol &amp; disulfiram

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

More from Arunachalam Muthuraman

More from Arunachalam Muthuraman (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

3.4 alcohol & disulfiram