11 12 final invasives and health smj_july24_englishnatavoloshyna
This document discusses indicators for terrestrial invasive species and forest health in watershed condition assessments. It provides descriptions of "good", "fair", and "poor" ratings for the extent of invasive species populations and levels of insect/disease impacts and ozone damage in forests. Maps and data sources are presented as examples of how to evaluate these indicators, such as by showing areas at risk of tree mortality from insects/diseases or where ozone causes decreased tree growth. The document recommends collaboration and citizen science, such as through databases that track invasive species treatments or map their distributions, to share information on these forest and watershed health issues.
11 12 final invasives and health smj_july24_englishnatavoloshyna
This document discusses indicators for terrestrial invasive species and forest health in watershed condition assessments. It provides descriptions of "good", "fair", and "poor" ratings for the extent of invasive species populations and levels of insect/disease impacts and ozone damage in forests. Maps and data sources are presented as examples of how to evaluate these indicators, such as by showing areas at risk of tree mortality from insects/diseases or where ozone causes decreased tree growth. The document recommends collaboration and citizen science, such as through databases that track invasive species treatments or map their distributions, to share information on these forest and watershed health issues.
The document discusses Indicator 10 of the Watershed Condition Framework, which addresses the effects of rangeland vegetation on soil and water quality. Specifically, it examines the composition of native and desirable non-native plant species in rangeland areas compared to their natural levels based on site potential. A rating system of Functioning Properly, Functioning at Risk, and Impaired Function is provided based on the vegetation's contribution to soil, nutrient cycling, hydrology, plant production levels, and the presence of introduced plant species. The likelihood of watershed impacts increases as plant production decreases relative to the site's potential.
This document provides guidance on assessing Indicator 8 (Fire Regime or Wildfire) of the Watershed Condition Framework. It can be assessed using either Attribute 8.1 (Fire Regime Condition Class) or 8.2 (Wildfire Effects). Attribute 8.1 evaluates departure from the natural fire regime based on vegetation, fuels, and fire characteristics. Attribute 8.2 evaluates effects of wildfire on soils and ground cover in terms of recovery time. The potential for watershed impacts increases with greater departure from the natural fire regime and as wildfire recovery times lengthen.
1. The document analyzes forest fire data in the Polana region of Ukraine from 2001 to present using satellite data.
2. It maps over 500 individual forest fire locations that were detected by satellites in the Polana river basin during this period.
3. The mapping of forest fire locations over time enables an assessment of the impact of forest fires on the region based on satellite data.
The document discusses wildfire detection and assessment using remote sensing tools and data. It presents a global wildfire detection tool from NASA that uses satellite data to identify fire occurrences. Maps of the Polyana watershed show the location of detected fires from 2001 to the present time based on this satellite data. The objectives are to detect wildfires using remote sensing tools and assess wildfire effects also using remote sensing data.
This document discusses indicator 4 of the 12 indicator model for watershed condition - aquatic biota. It focuses on the distribution, structure, and density of native and introduced aquatic fauna. There are three attributes: 1) aquatic life form presence, 2) native species, and 3) exotic and/or invasive species. Condition is rated on a scale of 1 to 3, with 1 being properly functioning and 3 being impaired. The document provides examples of how the US Forest Service applied the indicator and attributes to evaluate watershed conditions in West Virginia. It also discusses considerations for field applications related to aquatic habitat and sampling strategies.
This document discusses indicator 3 of the Watershed Condition Framework, which is aquatic habitat. It addresses three attributes of aquatic habitat: 1) habitat fragmentation, which occurs when physical barriers isolate aquatic populations; 2) large woody debris (LWD), which performs important ecological functions in aquatic ecosystems; and 3) channel shape and function. The document provides examples and guidance on assessing each attribute, including considering road-stream crossings, barrier culverts, and LWD recruitment for attributes 1 and 2. It also provides a hypothetical example assessment for a US Forest Service area that rated attributes 1 and 2 as impaired based on fragmentation from crossings and historically low LWD due to past land management practices.
The document discusses methods for assessing channel shape and function, including measuring channel dimensions, sediment balance, width to depth ratios, meander patterns, floodplains, headcuts, and alluvial fans. Specific metrics are described such as expected meander belt width and considerations for evaluating meander bends. Signs of channel instability and impairment are provided for incised channels, over-widened channels, and where roads intersect channels and floodplains. Alluvial fans are described as dynamic landforms where sediment is deposited.
This document discusses water quantity as an indicator of watershed condition. It defines a natural hydrograph as the natural seasonal flows of a river without human influence, and an altered hydrograph as flows that have been changed by dams, diversions or groundwater withdrawals. These changes are measured using streamflow gauges and proxy features to assess the impact on magnitude, duration and timing of flows. The condition is rated as minor if flows are free flowing with limited impacts, moderate if dams mimic natural patterns and extreme flows are unaffected, and high if dams significantly alter seasonal flows and extreme events.
1 final water quality smj july26_englishnatavoloshyna
- Water quality can be impacted by nonpoint source pollution from many sources across a watershed and point source pollution from identifiable sources like pipes or factories.
- The document discusses water quality criteria from state regulations and federal guidelines, water quality data from government agencies, and how water quality informs environmental management decisions.
- Specific examples include state surface water quality standards, fish consumption advisories, and monitoring data on parameters like pH, aluminum, turbidity, and phosphorus from various water bodies.
River classification smj_july25_englishnatavoloshyna
This document provides an overview of fluvial geomorphology and channel classification methods. It discusses the connection between watershed processes, land, and water. Several classification systems are described for classifying stream channels, including the Rosgen and Montgomery-Buffington systems. Level 1 classification involves rapidly identifying stream type, while Level 2 classification uses field measurements of cross-sections, slope, sinuosity and other characteristics to further classify channels. Indicators of bankfull width are also outlined. The classification systems can be used to understand natural channel processes and impacts of disturbance.
This document discusses forest cover condition as an indicator for changes in hydrologic and sediment regimes from loss of forest cover. It provides definitions of forest land and forest cover, as well as a methodology for measuring forest cover condition in a watershed. Specifically, it measures the percentage of national forest land in a watershed that lacks appropriate forest cover and assigns a condition rating of good, fair or poor based on percentages below 5%, between 5-15%, and over 15% respectively. The document also provides examples of using remote sensing from Landsat to detect forest cover change over time and measure mangrove extent, noting temporal and spatial resolution as important considerations.
Передвиборча програма Ковальової Катериниtetiana1958
Передвиборча програма Ковальової Катерини - кандидатки на посаду голови Студентського самоврядування Факультету переробних і харчових виробництв Державного біотехнологічного університету (м. Харків)
The document discusses Indicator 10 of the Watershed Condition Framework, which addresses the effects of rangeland vegetation on soil and water quality. Specifically, it examines the composition of native and desirable non-native plant species in rangeland areas compared to their natural levels based on site potential. A rating system of Functioning Properly, Functioning at Risk, and Impaired Function is provided based on the vegetation's contribution to soil, nutrient cycling, hydrology, plant production levels, and the presence of introduced plant species. The likelihood of watershed impacts increases as plant production decreases relative to the site's potential.
This document provides guidance on assessing Indicator 8 (Fire Regime or Wildfire) of the Watershed Condition Framework. It can be assessed using either Attribute 8.1 (Fire Regime Condition Class) or 8.2 (Wildfire Effects). Attribute 8.1 evaluates departure from the natural fire regime based on vegetation, fuels, and fire characteristics. Attribute 8.2 evaluates effects of wildfire on soils and ground cover in terms of recovery time. The potential for watershed impacts increases with greater departure from the natural fire regime and as wildfire recovery times lengthen.
1. The document analyzes forest fire data in the Polana region of Ukraine from 2001 to present using satellite data.
2. It maps over 500 individual forest fire locations that were detected by satellites in the Polana river basin during this period.
3. The mapping of forest fire locations over time enables an assessment of the impact of forest fires on the region based on satellite data.
The document discusses wildfire detection and assessment using remote sensing tools and data. It presents a global wildfire detection tool from NASA that uses satellite data to identify fire occurrences. Maps of the Polyana watershed show the location of detected fires from 2001 to the present time based on this satellite data. The objectives are to detect wildfires using remote sensing tools and assess wildfire effects also using remote sensing data.
This document discusses indicator 4 of the 12 indicator model for watershed condition - aquatic biota. It focuses on the distribution, structure, and density of native and introduced aquatic fauna. There are three attributes: 1) aquatic life form presence, 2) native species, and 3) exotic and/or invasive species. Condition is rated on a scale of 1 to 3, with 1 being properly functioning and 3 being impaired. The document provides examples of how the US Forest Service applied the indicator and attributes to evaluate watershed conditions in West Virginia. It also discusses considerations for field applications related to aquatic habitat and sampling strategies.
This document discusses indicator 3 of the Watershed Condition Framework, which is aquatic habitat. It addresses three attributes of aquatic habitat: 1) habitat fragmentation, which occurs when physical barriers isolate aquatic populations; 2) large woody debris (LWD), which performs important ecological functions in aquatic ecosystems; and 3) channel shape and function. The document provides examples and guidance on assessing each attribute, including considering road-stream crossings, barrier culverts, and LWD recruitment for attributes 1 and 2. It also provides a hypothetical example assessment for a US Forest Service area that rated attributes 1 and 2 as impaired based on fragmentation from crossings and historically low LWD due to past land management practices.
The document discusses methods for assessing channel shape and function, including measuring channel dimensions, sediment balance, width to depth ratios, meander patterns, floodplains, headcuts, and alluvial fans. Specific metrics are described such as expected meander belt width and considerations for evaluating meander bends. Signs of channel instability and impairment are provided for incised channels, over-widened channels, and where roads intersect channels and floodplains. Alluvial fans are described as dynamic landforms where sediment is deposited.
This document discusses water quantity as an indicator of watershed condition. It defines a natural hydrograph as the natural seasonal flows of a river without human influence, and an altered hydrograph as flows that have been changed by dams, diversions or groundwater withdrawals. These changes are measured using streamflow gauges and proxy features to assess the impact on magnitude, duration and timing of flows. The condition is rated as minor if flows are free flowing with limited impacts, moderate if dams mimic natural patterns and extreme flows are unaffected, and high if dams significantly alter seasonal flows and extreme events.
1 final water quality smj july26_englishnatavoloshyna
- Water quality can be impacted by nonpoint source pollution from many sources across a watershed and point source pollution from identifiable sources like pipes or factories.
- The document discusses water quality criteria from state regulations and federal guidelines, water quality data from government agencies, and how water quality informs environmental management decisions.
- Specific examples include state surface water quality standards, fish consumption advisories, and monitoring data on parameters like pH, aluminum, turbidity, and phosphorus from various water bodies.
River classification smj_july25_englishnatavoloshyna
This document provides an overview of fluvial geomorphology and channel classification methods. It discusses the connection between watershed processes, land, and water. Several classification systems are described for classifying stream channels, including the Rosgen and Montgomery-Buffington systems. Level 1 classification involves rapidly identifying stream type, while Level 2 classification uses field measurements of cross-sections, slope, sinuosity and other characteristics to further classify channels. Indicators of bankfull width are also outlined. The classification systems can be used to understand natural channel processes and impacts of disturbance.
This document discusses forest cover condition as an indicator for changes in hydrologic and sediment regimes from loss of forest cover. It provides definitions of forest land and forest cover, as well as a methodology for measuring forest cover condition in a watershed. Specifically, it measures the percentage of national forest land in a watershed that lacks appropriate forest cover and assigns a condition rating of good, fair or poor based on percentages below 5%, between 5-15%, and over 15% respectively. The document also provides examples of using remote sensing from Landsat to detect forest cover change over time and measure mangrove extent, noting temporal and spatial resolution as important considerations.
Передвиборча програма Ковальової Катериниtetiana1958
Передвиборча програма Ковальової Катерини - кандидатки на посаду голови Студентського самоврядування Факультету переробних і харчових виробництв Державного біотехнологічного університету (м. Харків)
Батько, тато, татусь, татусенько… Він вимогливий і суворий, мудрий і сміливий, сильний і міцний. 16 червня в Україні відзначають День батька. Бути хорошим батьком – найвідповідальніша місія в житті кожного чоловіка. Навчити, розповісти, захистити, пояснити та зробити все це з любов’ю й терпінням – таке може тільки справжній тато.
Тато – це людина, поруч з якою не буває страшно, вона любить тебе понад усе. Тож привітайте своїх татусів зі святом та нагадуйте їм про свою любов не лише в цей день.
Безбар’єрність в бібліотеці – суспільна нормаssuser15a891
Виступ директора Арцизької міської публічної бібліотеки Галини Стоматової 08.06.2024 р. під час засідання круглого столу «Безбар’єрне середовище в публічній бібліотеці: комфорт для кожного», який відбувся в місті Чорноморськ, в рамках ХХІV Інтелект-форуму «Українська книга на Одещині»
Передвиборча програма Майора Станіславаtetiana1958
Передвиборча програма Майора Станіслава - кандидата на посаду голови Студентського самоврядування Факультету переробних і харчових виробництв Державного біотехнологічного університету (м. Харків)
проєкту від Національної бібліотеки України для дітей «Подорож містами України», у якому ти відкриєш для себе найкращі краєзнавчі перлини Батьківщини. Дванадцята зупинка присвячена західному, колоритному, найменшому за розміром регіону України - Чернівецькій області, яку називають Буковиною.
Нинішній етап розвитку економіки країни вимагає підвищеного попиту на сільськогосподарську продукцію, виробництво якої неможливе без розвинутого агропромислового комплексу. Тому вплив наукових розробок на сферу виробництва сільськогосподарської продукції набуває все більшої уваги, розцінюється як визначальний фактор інноваційного розвитку в розбудові продовольчого ринку України.
У сучасних умовах сільськогосподарського виробництва пріоритетним напрямком наукових досліджень є обґрунтування та удосконалення сучасних агротехнологій вирощування зернобобових культур на засадах енерго- і ресурсозбереження та екологічної безпечності. Зернобобові культури належать до цінних у продовольчому, кормовому та агроекологічному значенні рослин сільського господарства України.
За посівними площами та валовими зборами товарного насіння група зернобобових культур у світовому землеробстві займає друге місце після зернових. Така їхня позиція зумовлена тим, що вони є найдешевшим джерелом високоякісного білка для харчування людей і годівлі тварин та птиці. Крім цього, насіння бобових вирізняється позитивним впливом на здоров’я людей та тварин завдяки оптимально поєднаному в ньому амінокислотному складу, комплексу вітамінів, мінеральних елементів, інших біологічно активних сполук.
Топ книг для літнього настрою: рекомендаційні списки літератури для позакласн...
3.3 channel shape sh j_ukr
1. Індикатор 3: Водний
біотоп
3.3. Форма та функція русла
Тренінг з класифікації водозборів
Поляна, Україна
Липень 23-27, 2018
Шіла Джонсон
Спеціаліст з природних ресурсів, Лісова служба США
2. Форма та функція русла
• Огляд параметрів русла та балансу наносу
• Визначення порушення функції на основі аеро-та
польових спостережень
• Відношення ширини до глибини
• Меандри
• Заплави
• Прямі зрізи
• Алювіальні конуси
• Методи
5. Баланс наносу
Зменшення наносів або
збільшення току води
Збільшення наносів або
зменшення току води
Джерело: Росґен 1996
Ерозія Наносні маси
6. Співвідношення ширини та глибини
Врізане русло
Джерело: Cuyahogaswcd.org,
https://www.como.gov/utilities/stormwater-engineering/319-grant/step-pool/
Стадії зміни у врізаному
руслі
7. Співвідношення ширини та глибини
Надміру розширене русло
Джерело: NRCS,
Cuyahogaswcd.org,
https://www.dcswcd.org/Dave%20Post%20Project%20Frame.htm
Стадії зміни в надто
розширеному руслі
8. Нестабільність русла: верхова
ерозія
Source: New York Department of Environmental Conservation
Верхова ерозія мігрує вгору проти течії
внаслідок ерозії у точці вимоїни.
Наноси внаслідок ерозії
накопичуються внизу за течією.
12. Врахування вигинів меандрів
• Чи геометрія меандрів
відповідає типу потоку?
• Чи накопичення наносів
або деревини ймовірно
спричинить рух русла?
• Чи береговий матеріал
зможе протистояти
ерозії на зовнішньому
краї вигину?
• Чи було у минулому
русло змінене?
14. Переходи через заплавні зони
1. Знайдіть альтернативні переходи, коли це можливо
2. Там, де не можна уникнути створення переходів через
заплави, зробіть широку відстань між опорами або
забезпечте вивільнення заплавних зон.
15. Дороги у заплавних зонах
Попереджувальні знаки:
• Висота дна потоку подібна до
висоти дороги
• Гострий кут меандру біля
дороги
• Долина змінюється від вузької
до широкої
• Стрімкі притоки наносять
багато матеріалу в основне
русло
• Гравійні мілини та бічні русла
змінюються після сильних
дощів
Ця дорога зараз стала потоком
18. Алювіальні конуси є
динамічними місцями
Куди вода піде далі?
Фото: NPS, Національний Парк Долина Смерті Невідома притока потоку Туннель Брук, WMNF
Утворення земної маси, з невеликим ухилом, створені накопиченням
наносів внаслідок ерозії в підніжжі гірських хребтів