31 greek expressions of identity

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This document lists various artworks and archaeological sites from ancient Greece and Rome between approximately 900 BCE to 325 CE. It includes descriptions of artifacts such as pottery, sculptures, and architectural features from sites like Athens, Sicily, and Rhodes. Some of the works mentioned are the Tetrarchs sculpture from Venice dating to 305 CE, mosaics from the villa complex in Piazza Armerina in Sicily from around 300 CE, and pottery from the Protogeometric and Archaic periods found in Athens and on the island of Euboea.

Bath complex, Piazza Armerina, Sicily, ca. 300 CE

Small Hunt Piazza Armerina Sicily ca. 300 CE

Great Hunt Piazza Armerina Sicily ca. 300 CE

Warrior ’s grave Areopagos Athens ca. 900-850 (EGI)

Warrior ’s grave Piraeus ca. 900-850 (EGI)

Rich woman ’s grave, Agora, Athens, ca. 850 (EGII)

Granaries? Rich woman ’s grave, Agora, Athens, ca. 850 (EGII)

Jewelry Rich woman ’s grave, Agora, Athens, ca. 850 (EGII)

Euboian PG pendent-semicircle skyphos Lefkandi, 1000-900

EPC aryballos, Evelyn Painter, ca. 700 BCE

MPC aryballos (Macmillan aryballos) Thebes ca. 675 BCE

Macmillan aryballos, Thebes, ca. 675 BCE

MPC olpe (Chigi olpe) Veii ca. 675-650 BCE

EPA amphora Analatos Painter Analatos ca. 700-675 BCE

This document provides information on various classical artworks and archaeological sites from Ancient Rome and Greece between the 2nd century BCE to 4th century CE. It lists statues of emperors and other figures from Rome, mosaics from a villa in Sicily, and artifacts found in graves and sanctuaries in Athens dating from the 10th to 7th centuries BCE, including jewelry, pottery, and other objects. The document focuses on describing important examples of classical sculpture, architecture, and artifacts from the ancient Mediterranean world.

29 roman political art

KDaigr

Geography of rome 1213

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Rome was located in central Italy along the Tiber River, which provided access to inland and coastal trade routes. This central location allowed Rome to expand its territory and influence across the Italian peninsula as it competed with other cities and territories for dominance. Rome's power grew until it controlled the entire peninsula and beyond, though it faced sacks in 390 BC by the Gauls and later invasions in 410 and 455 AD by other groups that contributed to the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

26 -greek_political_art

dpreje2

This document lists various works of classical Greek and Hellenistic art and architecture, including sculptures, reliefs, and structures. It mentions the Anavysos Kouros from around 530 BCE, the Tyrannicides sculpture from around 480 BCE, reliefs from the Kerameikos including the Albani Relief from around 425 BCE and the Deixileos Relief from after 394/3 BCE. It also lists the Mausoleum at Halikarnassos from around 350 BCE, several sculptures of Alexander the Great from the late 4th century BCE, and the Alexander Sarcophagus from Sidon in the late 4th century BCE.

26 greek political art

KDaigr

25 roman cultic practice and greek political art

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This document lists and briefly describes various artifacts related to classical art and archaeology from the 3rd century BCE to the 4th century CE. It includes descriptions of artifacts related to Mithraism such as the Mithras and the bull sculpture and various mithraeums. It also lists artifacts from Pompeii related to Isis worship. Additionally, it mentions the Arch of Titus in Rome that depicts the spoils from Jerusalem. Further artifacts described include a synagogue from Dura-Europos, sculptures from the Acropolis and Kerameikos in Athens, the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, and several sculptures of Alexander the Great.

28 roman political art

KDaigr

This document lists various works of classical art and architecture from ancient Rome between the 1st century BCE to the 4th century CE. It includes sculptures of important figures like Pompey, Julius Caesar, Augustus, Marcus Aurelius, and Constantine. Monuments mentioned include the Ara Pacis, Gemma Augustea, and Basilica of Maxentius. The document provides dates and locations for many of the works.

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This document contains a list of over 30 works of classical art and archaeology from ancient Greece and Rome, ranging in date from the 5th century BCE to the 1st century CE. The works referenced include reliefs, sculptures, architectural features such as friezes, and coins. Many of the entries mention locations in Athens, Rome, and other sites in the Mediterranean and provide estimated dates for the works.

27 greek and roman political art

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The document lists various works of classical art and archaeology from ancient Greece and Rome between the 5th century BCE and 1st century CE. It includes reliefs from Athens, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassos, sculptures of Alexander the Great, portraits of Roman politicians and emperors, coins, the Ara Pacis altar, and friezes from the Parthenon and Augustus. The works span several centuries of classical art following a generally chronological order.

Ancient Egypt in the New Kingdom

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The document provides an overview of ancient Egyptian civilization during the New Kingdom period (c. 1552-1069 BCE). It describes various aspects of Egyptian society such as workers, nobility, everyday life including clothing and cosmetics, children's toys, and gods. Specific temples and structures are outlined including the Karnak Temple Complex and Luxor Temple. Biographies of several important pharaohs such as Hatshepsut, Akhenaten, Tutankhamun, and Ramesses II are summarized along with artifacts from King Tut's tomb.

Scythia

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This document discusses artifacts from the Scythian Empire between the 5th and 4th centuries BC in Asia. It describes various gold and silver vessels, coins, bridle plates, bracelets, and plaques depicting Scythian daily life, warriors, animals, and horsemen that were excavated and dated to between the 7th century BC to the 4th century BC. These artifacts provide insights into Scythian culture and art during their empire's peak.

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Nelly Tsvetkova

The document summarizes several important archaeological treasures that have been discovered in Bulgaria, including a 2,400-year-old golden mask of a Thracian king, the Panagyurishte gold treasure consisting of objects depicting Thracian myths and life, and the Varna Chalcolithic Necropolis containing over 3,000 golden objects dating back 6,000 years. It also mentions the Rogozen treasure of over 160 silver vessels and an antique theater built in the second century in Plovdiv that could seat 5,000-7,000 people.

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2011 survey -_archaic_greece

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This document contains images and descriptions of architectural remains and artworks from ancient Greece and Italy dating from approximately 1400 BC to 500 BC. It features temples, sculptures, and painted pottery depicting myths and scenes of daily life from the Archaic and Classical periods in Greece as the culture transitioned from the Archaic to Classical eras. Locations include Athens, Corinth, Paestum, Aegina, and sites in modern-day Turkey. The artifacts demonstrate the architectural styles and sculptural development during this pivotal time in ancient Greek history.

2011 survey early_medieval_west

KDaigr

Early Medieval Europe was dominated by several kingdoms and empires between 500-1500 CE. This included the Merovingian Kings from 480-750 CE in areas that are now France and Germany. The Carolingian Empire ruled from 750-880 CE and expanded its reach. The Ottonian Empire then controlled areas of Germany and Northern Italy from 920-1020 CE. During this period, Christianity spread across Europe and influential works of art and illuminated manuscripts were created, including the Lindisfarne Gospels in England and the Book of Kells in Ireland. Muslim rule also expanded across the Iberian Peninsula where the Great Mosque of Cordoba was constructed beginning in 784 CE.

2011 survey aegean

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The document summarizes prehistoric Aegean and Minoan civilizations between 3000 BC and 1200 BC. It describes Cycladic art from 3000-2000 BC including marble quarries and figurines on the Cyclades islands. It then discusses Minoan art from 1700-1200 BC including the palace at Knossos on Crete with its double-ax motif, frescoes depicting bull leaping and the Snake Goddess statue. The palace layout and Minoan vases from Crete between 1800-1500 BC are also mentioned.

2011 survey 5th_century

KDaigr

This document summarizes events in the Late Antiquity period from the 5th century CE. It notes that Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Milan in 315 legalizing Christianity, and that he founded Constantinople as the new capital in 324. It also discusses Emperor Theodosius I banning pagan worship from 379-395 and the permanent division of the Roman Empire between East and West after his death in 395. Significant buildings from this period that are mentioned include the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore and the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia in Ravenna.

32 greek expressions of identity

KDaigr

This document lists archaeological findings from various sites in Greece from 900 BCE to 535 BCE, including warrior and woman's graves from Athens and the Piraeus containing jewelry and other artifacts. It also lists several painted pottery vessels such as skyphoi, aryballoi, olpe, and amphorae created by various Greek artists between 700 BCE and 535 BCE, depicting scenes like the games of Patroclus and the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, Dionysus with youths, satyrs making wine, and scenes from Homer showing Achilles and Ajax gaming and the suicide of Ajax.

2011 survey high_gothic

KDaigr

The document discusses Gothic architecture in France during the High Gothic period from 1194-1300. Key structures from this period discussed include Sainte-Chapelle in Paris from 1243-1248 known for its interior upper chapel, and Chartres Cathedral rebuilt after 1194 featuring vaulting, stained glass windows, and rose windows. Reims Cathedral also exhibits aspects of High Gothic style with its west facade constructed from ca. 1225-1290. The document examines increasing naturalism and detail in Gothic sculpture over time from the 12th century Royal Portal at Chartres to 13th century figures at Reims Cathedral.

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2011 survey roman_sculpture

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This document summarizes Roman sculpture from the Roman Republic through the High Empire. It begins with examples of sculpture and wall paintings from the Roman Republic period, including portraits and copies of Greek sculptures. It then discusses early Imperial sculptures such as the Ara Pacis and portraits of emperors. The document concludes by examining examples of sculpture from the High Empire period, such as Trajan's Column and the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius.

2011 survey romanesque_ii

KDaigr

The document discusses Romanesque sculpture from 1050-1200 CE. It provides examples of Romanesque architecture like the Saint-Sernin basilica in Toulouse and the Abbey Church of Saint-Pierre in Moissac. The tympanums and cloisters of these churches contained sculpted reliefs depicting biblical scenes and fantastical beasts. However, Bernard of Clairvaux criticized the decorative sculptures as distracting from religious meditation. The Cistercian monastery of Fontenay lacked such ornamentation in keeping with Bernard's views.

2011 survey mb_art

KDaigr

Middle Byzantine art flourished between the 6th and 15th centuries and was characterized by elaborate mosaic and fresco works in churches and monasteries. Icons of Christ and the Virgin Mary produced in the 6th century at Sinai monastery were a central part of personal devotion but also sparked iconoclasm debates between the 8th-9th centuries over whether icon veneration constituted idol worship. Major artistic centers included the Hagia Sophia and Hosios Loukas monasteries, known for their mosaic domes and architectural innovations that influenced Byzantine and post-Byzantine Orthodox church design.

2011 survey late_byzantium

KDaigr

The document provides an overview of later Byzantine art from the 11th to 15th centuries CE, including mosaics and wall paintings from churches in Greece, Macedonia, and Constantinople. Examples shown include the 11th century mosaic of the Crucifixion at Daphni Monastery in Greece, wall paintings from the Church of Saint Pantaleimon in Macedonia from 1164, and frescoes of the Resurrection from the Parekklesion chapel of the Monastery of Christ in Chora in Constantinople from around 1310.

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KDaigr

This document contains a list of over 30 classical art and archaeological works, structures, and artifacts from ancient Greece, Rome, and the Mediterranean region. The list includes sculptures like the Moskhophoros and Victorious Youth, architectural structures like Greek and Etruscan temples, artifacts related to Etruscan divination practices, tomb paintings from Tarquinia, Roman temples from the 2nd century BCE, representations of Mithras and bulls, Mithraeums from Ostia and Rome, temples related to Isis worship in Pompeii, and a 3rd century CE synagogue from Dura-Europos along with a 4th century CE image of the Good Shepherd from the Catacombs

2011 survey early_and_high_classic

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The document provides an overview of art and architecture from the Early and High Classical periods in Greece. It features images and descriptions of pottery, sculptures like the Kritios Boy and Diskobolos, and temples on the Acropolis in Athens like the Parthenon and Erectheion built during this time. The sculptures demonstrate the development of naturalistic and idealized representations of the human form, while the temples exemplify the distinctive orders and proportions of Classical Greek architecture.

2011 survey late_antiquity_i

KDaigr

Late Antiquity saw a shift from polytheism to monotheism with the rise of religions like Mithraism and early Christianity between the 3rd and 4th centuries AD. During this time, Christians faced periods of persecution, most notably under Emperor Diocletian, until Emperor Constantine granted tolerance to Christianity in 313. Archaeological sites like Dura Europos provide evidence of this transition, with remains showing spaces for worship of traditional gods, Mithraism, and early Christian churches and synagogues decorated with biblical scenes.

22 greek cultic practice

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This document lists various classical Greek archaeological sites, temples, and sanctuaries dating from the 7th to 4th centuries BCE, including locations such as Samos, Sikyon, Prinias, Thermon, Olympia, Delphi, Dodona, Lebadeia, Epidauros, Eleusis, and Brauron. Many of the entries reference specific structures like the Temple of Hera, Temple of Zeus, Temple of Apollo, and Temple of Asklepios. Works of art depicted include the Perseus and Medusa plaques from the Temple of Apollo in Thermon and sculptures from the pediments of the Temple of Zeus in Olympia dating to around 460-450 BCE.

2011 survey egypt_1

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This document provides information about ancient Egyptian architecture, art, and history from 3000 BC to 500 BC, including funerary objects like King Tut's death mask, artifacts like the Rosetta Stone, and architectural structures like mastaba tombs, Imhotep's stepped pyramid for Djoser, and the Great Pyramids of Giza built in the Fourth Dynasty. It features images and descriptions of columns, friezes, sculptures, and models that exemplify design and construction during Egypt's Old Kingdom.

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KDaigr

The document lists various ancient Greek and Roman religious sites, structures, and artworks. It mentions sanctuaries dedicated to Apollo at Delphi and Dodona, as well as sanctuaries of Trophonios, Demeter, Artemis, and Asklepios. Classical Greek sculptures such as the New York Kouros and Sounion Kouros are referenced. Etruscan temples, haruspicy artifacts, and Roman temples including the Temple of Portunus and Temple of Hercules Victor are briefly outlined.

2011 survey gothic_i

KDaigr

Gothic architecture originated in northern France during the 12th-13th centuries. The Abbey Church of Saint-Denis, rebuilt in the 1140s under Abbot Suger, was one of the earliest examples of Gothic style, featuring pointed arches, ribbed vaulting, and large stained glass windows. Gothic techniques spread from the Abbey Church of Saint-Denis to other buildings like Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris and Chartres Cathedral, known for their rose windows, flying buttresses, and highly detailed sculpture.

31 greek expressions of identity

KDaigr

This document lists various classical artworks and archaeological sites from ancient Greece and Rome between approximately 900 BCE to 325 CE. It includes descriptions of artifacts such as pottery, sculptures, and architectural features from sites like Athens, Sicily, and Rhodes. Some of the works mentioned are the Tetrarchs sculpture from Venice, mosaics from the Villa Romana del Casale in Sicily, and pottery from Euboea and Corinth.

2011 survey romanesque_i

KDaigr

This document discusses Romanesque art from 1050-1200 CE in Europe. It focuses on three main topics: the cult of relics and pilgrimage, which involved traveling to sites housing holy relics; the Crusades from the 11th-13th centuries; and several major Romanesque architectural sites along pilgrimage routes in France and Spain from the 11th-12th centuries, including the Abbey Church at Cluny and the Cathedral of Saint-Lazare in Autun.

2011 survey carolingian-ottonian

KDaigr

During the Carolingian and Ottonian periods from 800-1050, art aimed to renew and emulate the grandeur of the Roman Empire. Charlemagne commissioned works like the Coronation Gospels and his Palatine Chapel at Aachen that referenced classical forms. Monastic plans like St. Gall also spread standardized architectural designs. Under Bishop Bernward, Ottonian art at the Church of St. Michael's in Hildesheim featured bronze doors and columns with relief sculptures that told biblical stories and emulated Roman precedents like Trajan's Column.

2011 survey islam_ii

KDaigr

The document provides an overview of Islamic art and architecture from the 8th to 15th centuries. It highlights several important mosques from this time period, including the Great Mosque of Cordoba in Spain from the 8th to 10th centuries, as well as the Alhambra in Grenada, Spain from the 14th century. It also showcases the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne, Turkey designed by architect Sinan in the 16th century. Examples of artwork are presented, such as manuscript illustrations and carpet designs from Iran between the 15th to 16th centuries.

2011 survey islam_i

KDaigr

The document provides an overview of early Islamic art and architecture from the 7th century onwards. It describes key events in the origins and spread of Islam including the birth and teachings of Muhammad. It then highlights some of the most important architectural sites from this period including the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, the Great Mosque of Damascus, and the Great Mosque of Cordoba, demonstrating how Islamic architecture incorporated elements of Byzantine and Sasanian styles into distinctively Islamic forms centered on mosques.

2011 survey byzantium_6th_aesthetic

KDaigr

The document summarizes early Byzantine art and architecture between the 6th and 7th centuries. It highlights several important churches built during this period, including Hagia Sophia in Constantinople and two churches in Ravenna, San Vitale and Sant'Apollinare in Classe, known for their beautiful mosaic works. It also mentions the monastery of Saint Catherine on Mount Sinai that contained a mosaic of the Transfiguration of Jesus. The document concludes by describing some significant ivory works from the period, including depictions of Emperor Justinian.

2011 survey byzantine_architecture

KDaigr

In the 6th century Byzantine Empire, Emperor Justinian I expanded the empire to its greatest extent during his reign from 527 to 565. During this time, two major architectural works were constructed in Constantinople (now Istanbul): Hagia Sophia from 532 to 537, featuring a massive central dome supported by pendentives; and the Church of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy from 526 to 547, also employing a central dome and mosaic panels depicting Emperor Justinian and his wife Theodora.

2011 survey -_early_6th_century

KDaigr

The document summarizes Christian art in early 6th century Europe, beginning with Constantine's Edict of Milan in 315 legalizing Christianity. It describes the decline of the Western Roman Empire and rise of Germanic kingdoms like the Ostrogoths, with Theodoric becoming king of Italy in 493. Ravenna emerged as an artistic center under Theodoric, evidenced by 6th century mosaics depicting his palace at Sant'Apollinare Nuovo church. Medieval manuscripts featured illuminated illustrations on parchment or vellum, while ivories depicted biblical scenes. Theodoric's mausoleum in Ravenna marked the extent of his rule when he died in 526.

2011 survey 4th-cent._christian_art

KDaigr

The document provides information on early Christian art and architecture from the 3rd to 5th centuries CE. It includes descriptions and images of sarcophagi from this era depicting stories from the Bible, including the Jonah sarcophagus from the 3rd century housed in the Lateran Museum. It also references the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus from 359 CE and discusses the Basilica of Constantine constructed in Rome around 315 CE, as well as the original Old St. Peter's Basilica built in 319 CE. Finally, it notes the meanings of the term "basilica" and includes images of early Christian churches such as Santa Sabina in Rome from 422-432 CE and the mausoleum of

2011 survey -_constantine

KDaigr

Constantine made major contributions to Roman art and architecture in the early 4th century CE. He erected the Arch of Constantine in Rome in 312-315 CE to commemorate his victory over Maxentius. Constantine also commissioned the Basilica Nova, or New Basilica, completed in Rome circa 312 CE. A monumental statue of Constantine set up in the Basilica Nova depicted him holding a cross-topped staff, reflecting his conversion to Christianity. Constantine's architectural projects in Rome and his use of Christian symbols in art helped to shape the transition of the Roman Empire.

2011 survey late_rome2

KDaigr

The document provides an overview of the timeline of ancient Rome from its founding in 753 BC through the Late Roman Empire period from 193-337 CE. It includes images and descriptions of artifacts from this later imperial period like sarcophagi from the 2nd century CE, mummy portraits from Egypt, and architectural works from the Tetrarchy under Diocletian and the rise of Constantine including the Arch of Constantine in Rome.

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23 greek and roman cultic practice

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