2011 survey late_antiquity_i
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Late Antiquity saw a shift from polytheism to monotheism with the rise of religions like Mithraism and early Christianity between the 3rd and 4th centuries AD. During this time, Christians faced periods of persecution, most notably under Emperor Diocletian, until Emperor Constantine granted tolerance to Christianity in 313. Archaeological sites like Dura Europos provide evidence of this transition, with remains showing spaces for worship of traditional gods, Mithraism, and early Christian churches and synagogues decorated with biblical scenes.
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This document discusses the development of late antique Jewish and Christian art from Roman artistic traditions. It covers early Christian art found in the Roman catacombs and the adoption of basilica and central-plan architectural styles for churches. Key periods discussed include the pre-Constantinian underground movement, Constantine's legalization of Christianity in 313, and the establishment of Ravenna as capital of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, where elaborate mosaics were produced.
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Early Christian art developed from Roman art between the 2nd and 7th centuries AD. It was produced for the early undivided Christian church. Notable features include paintings and symbols used in the underground Roman catacombs where Christians buried their dead. Common symbols included the Good Shepherd, the orante (praying figure), the Chi-Rho monogram of Christ, and the fish, which were used to represent Christian ideas covertly in the early persecuted church. After Christianity was legalized, Christian art incorporated these symbols into church art and architecture above ground.
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Late Antique and Byzantine Art spanned from the 4th to 15th centuries in Europe. Key developments included the legalization of Christianity under Constantine, which led to new church building types adapting Roman basilica and central plans. Early Christian art appeared primarily in the catacombs of Rome using symbols like the Chi Ro and Good Shepherd. The Byzantine Empire continued imperial patronage of art beginning with Justinian, seen in mosaic masterpieces like San Vitale and Hagia Sophia. Icon painting emerged as a distinctive tradition, though it faced bans during the Iconoclastic Controversy.
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The document provides an overview of early Christian and Byzantine art from the 4th to 8th centuries CE. It discusses how art shifted from realism to focusing on religious narratives after the fall of Rome. It describes the two basic plans of early Christian churches - central plan and basilica plan. It then covers the transition to Byzantine art under Emperor Justinian, including the construction of Hagia Sophia and mosaics at San Vitale that depicted Justinian and his court. Icons of the Virgin Mary were also discussed, though many were destroyed during periods of iconoclasm.
Western Civilization Lecture 2
This document provides an overview of the key people and developments in early Christianity and medieval Western civilization, including:
- Jesus of Nazareth and the early beliefs about him, such as the virgin birth, miracles, crucifixion, and resurrection.
- The spread of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire and its adoption as the official religion under Constantine.
- Important figures that helped spread Christianity during the Middle Ages, such as St. Benedict, St. Patrick, St. Augustine, and St. Thomas Aquinas.
- The major developments in medieval art and architecture, including Romanesque and Gothic styles.
Art Appreciation Topic III: Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages
Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages saw the emergence of early Christian art between 300-1450 AD. Artworks were initially hidden away due to Roman persecution of Christians. The Good Shepherd became a favored theme in paintings and mosaics seen in the Catacombs of Rome. Byzantine art influenced by Greek and Near Eastern cultures flourished in Constantinople after 330 AD. Religious icons transmitted Byzantine influence abroad and were strictly controlled in appearance. Romanesque and Gothic styles dominated architecture and art in Western Europe after 1000 AD, expressing new confidence with ambitious building projects.
Early Christian Post
This document provides a summary of key events and developments in early Christianity between the 1st and 5th centuries CE. It discusses Jesus' crucifixion, the executions of Peter and Paul, the Edict of Milan legalizing Christianity in 313 CE, and the Council of Nicaea in 325 CE. The document also describes early Christian artworks including symbols like the dove and fish, artifacts found in the Roman catacombs, and architectural features of churches like Old St. Peter's Basilica and the mausoleum of Galla Placidia.
Judaism Christianity Islam 2020
The document provides an overview of the shared origins and traditions between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, as well as some of their differences. It discusses how all three religions trace their roots back to Abraham and share a belief in the same God. However, they differ in their views of Jesus Christ and when the Messiah will come. The document also outlines the origins and spread of Christianity and the divisions between Catholicism, Orthodoxy, and Protestantism. It concludes by reiterating the core similarities and differences between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Byzantine
Byzantine art developed after Constantine moved the capital of the Roman Empire to Constantinople in the 4th century. Art was primarily created for the Eastern Orthodox Church and featured somber, flat figures in mosaics and paintings with little realism. Iconoclasm prohibited depicting people from 726 to the 9th century. Sculpture was limited to ivory book covers. Major works included the Hagia Sophia and mosaics at Ravenna and the Kiev catacombs that depicted biblical and theological themes through the 15th century fall of Constantinople.
Unit 3 Tutorials Early Christian ThroughEarly Renaissance A.docx
Unit 3 Tutorials: Early Christian Through
Early Renaissance Art: 401 AD - 1450 AD
INSIDE UNIT 3
Early Christian and Byzantine Art and Architecture
Early Christian Art and Architecture
Images of Christ
Early Churches
Byzantine Art and Architecture
Icons and Iconoclasm
Islamic Art
Islamic Art
Islamic Architecture
Ceramics, Textiles and Calligraphy
Alhambra
Early Asian Art
Asian Art and Architecture
Chinese Buddhist Art and Architecture
Song Dynasty Landscape Painting
Art and Architecture of Buddhism in Japan
The Hindu Temple
The Ancient Americas
The Ancient Americas
The Maya
South America
Art and Architecture of Ancient American Civilizations
Early Mediveal, Romanesque, and Gothic Art
Early Medieval and Romanesque Art
Romanesque Architecture
Romanesque Art
Gothic Architecture
Chartres Cathedral
Late Gothic/Early Renaissance Art
© 2019 SOPHIA Learning, LLC. SOPHIA is a registered trademark of SOPHIA Learning, LLC. Page 1
Late Gothic/ Early Renaissance in Italy
Early Northern Renaissance Art
Fifteenth-Century Flemish Painting
The Early Renaissance in Florence
Evaluating Works of Art
Early Renaissance Architecture
Early Christian Art and Architecture
by Sophia Tutorial
WHAT'S COVERED
Early Christian art and architecture has a relationship with Christianity, Judaism, and the Roman
Empire. This lesson covers:
1. Time Period and Location: Early Christian Art and Architecture
2. Early Christianity
3. Catacombs
4. Synagogue at Dura-Europos
BIG IDEA
Early Christian art reflects its close ties to Judaism, and its architecture reflects the need for secrecy.
1. Time Period and Location: Early Christian Art
and Architecture
In this lesson you will explore the following two periods of time:
The historical lifespan of Jesus Christ
Early Christianity
The historical lifespan of Jesus Christ was an important period. Zero AD is commonly associated with the birth
of Christ; however, 0 AD marks a single moment in time and was either a best estimate or a miscalculation.
Depending on the Gospel in the Bible, the birth of Christ actually falls within a range from 4 BC, which
corresponds to the death of Herod the Great, to 6 AD, which corresponds to the census of Quirinius, who was
the Roman head of Syria.
DID YOU KNOW
The reason the census comes into play is that it is often the reason given for Joseph and Mary, who are the
parents of Jesus, to be traveling to Joseph’s homeland of Bethlehem from their new home of Nazareth.
The second time period covered in this lesson is referred to as early Christianity, and it ranges from sometime
after Jesus’ historical death to the First Council of Nicea in 325 AD, when Christian leaders got together under
the Emperor Constantine and made the first group effort to organize Christianity into a formal religion.
The timeline below highlights the two periods covered in this lesson.
© 2019 SOPHIA Learning, LLC. SOPHIA is a registered trademark of SOPHIA Learning, LLC. Page 2
The origins of Chri ...
Exam 3 review presentation 1 -end rome, christian, and islamic
- The document discusses various aspects of Roman, early Christian, Byzantine, Islamic, and iconographic art and architecture, including monuments like the Arch of Titus, Column of Trajan, Pantheon, and early Christian catacombs.
- It also covers structures like the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, describing its construction between 532-537 AD under the Byzantine emperor Justinian, with a massive dome supported by 40 ribs.
- The document discusses religious concepts like iconoclasm, the destruction of religious images ordered by Byzantine emperor Leo III in the 8th century, and the eventual affirmation of icon veneration in 787.
2011 survey -_constantine
Constantine made major contributions to Roman art and architecture in the early 4th century CE. He erected the Arch of Constantine in Rome in 312-315 CE to commemorate his victory over Maxentius. Constantine also commissioned the Basilica Nova, or New Basilica, completed in Rome circa 312 CE. A monumental statue of Constantine set up in the Basilica Nova depicted him holding a cross-topped staff, reflecting his conversion to Christianity. Constantine's architectural projects in Rome and his use of Christian symbols in art helped to shape the transition of the Roman Empire.
Jennifer (humanities)
In 330 AD, Constantine the Great moved the capital of the Roman Empire from Rome to Byzantium, renaming the city Constantinople. The Byzantine Empire lasted until the fall of Constantinople in 1453, influencing art and architecture throughout its territory. Byzantine art was primarily religious in nature, focused on glorifying Christianity through mosaics, frescoes, ivories, and architecture in churches. Key works included the Hagia Sophia, San Vitale, and the mosaics and frescoes of the Vladimir Virgin and Lamentation of Christ. Byzantine architecture used domes and Greek crosses and inspired later Islamic structures like the Alhambra and Great Mosque of Cordoba.
Similar to 2011 survey late_antiquity_i (20)
Jewishearlychristianandbyzantineartppt 101126120709-phpapp01
Jewishearlychristianandbyzantineartppt 101126120709-phpapp01
Precedent study: Chartres Cathedral (the architect and its background)
Precedent study: Chartres Cathedral (the architect and its background)
Art Appreciation Topic III: Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages
Art Appreciation Topic III: Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages
Unit 3 Tutorials Early Christian ThroughEarly Renaissance A.docx
Unit 3 Tutorials Early Christian ThroughEarly Renaissance A.docx
Exam 3 review presentation 1 -end rome, christian, and islamic
Exam 3 review presentation 1 -end rome, christian, and islamic
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2011 survey late_antiquity_i
- 1. Late Antiquity and Early Christianity
- 3. Move away from polytheism and rise of monotheistic cults (such as the cults of Mithras and Christianity)
- 4. Persecution of Christians, particularly under Emperor Diocletian (284-305)
- 6. Ruins and city wall, Dura Europos
- 7. The palace and citadel of Dura Europos Temple of Bel
- 8. Temple of Adonis (foreground) and 3rd-century synagogue (in the back by the wall)
- 10. Fortification of Dura’s city walls in 256 preparing for Sasanian attack
- 11. Discovery and excavation of synagogue, Dura Europos, in the 1930s
- 13. Dura Europos synagogue, with wall paints of Old Testament themes. Early 3rd century
- 14. Dura Europos synagogue: David anointed by Samuel, Early 3rd century
- 15. Fresco of Moses as a baby rescued from the bullrushes of the Nile river in Egypt Narrative traditions in art at Dura Europos synagogue, 3rd century Fresco of Moses leading the Israelites out of Egypt (Exodus): pursuit of Egyptian armies, parting of the Red Sea, and destruction of Egyptian armies
- 16. Church at Dura Europos
- 17. Baptistery
- 18. 3rd-century Baptistry at Dura Europos
- 19. Dura Europos: 2nd-century Mithraeum, with relief showing Mithras’ ritualistic slaying of a bull
- 20. Mediterranean world in Late Antiquity
- 21. Roman Catacombs Left: loculi carved out of the tufa rock Right: Pagan cubiculum with an arcosolium, 3rd century
- 22. Roman Catacombs: Christian cubiculum with painted fresco ceiling showing Christ as the Shepherd, orant figures, the story of Jonah and personifications of the four winds. Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus, Rome, early 4th cent. Detail of Christ as the Good Shepherd, Catacomb of San Callisto, early 4th century
- 24. Jonah Sarcophagus, Rome, 3rd century Lateran museum, Vatican
- 25. Sarcophagus of JuniusBasius, Rome, 359
- 26. Christ seated, from Civita Latina, ca. 350