Refactoring is the process of changing a software system in such a way that it does not alter the external behavior of the code yet improves its internal structure
This is a presentation on Handwritten Digit Recognition using Convolutional Neural Networks. Convolutional Neural Networks give better results as compared to conventional Artificial Neural Networks.
Cluster computing is a type of computing where a group of several computers are linked together, allowing the entire group of computers to behave as if it were a single entity. There are a wide variety of different reasons why people might use cluster computing for various computer tasks. It s also used to make sure that a computing system will always be available. It is unknown when this cluster computing concept was first developed, and several different organizations have claimed to have invented it.
Cloud computing has been on the rise, and it is going to be increasingly explosive in the next few years. If you are considering adopting cloud computing as one of your business strategies, don't forget to analyze its pros and cons to make the right decision.
This is a presentation on Handwritten Digit Recognition using Convolutional Neural Networks. Convolutional Neural Networks give better results as compared to conventional Artificial Neural Networks.
Cluster computing is a type of computing where a group of several computers are linked together, allowing the entire group of computers to behave as if it were a single entity. There are a wide variety of different reasons why people might use cluster computing for various computer tasks. It s also used to make sure that a computing system will always be available. It is unknown when this cluster computing concept was first developed, and several different organizations have claimed to have invented it.
Cloud computing has been on the rise, and it is going to be increasingly explosive in the next few years. If you are considering adopting cloud computing as one of your business strategies, don't forget to analyze its pros and cons to make the right decision.
These slides, covering the topics of Software Maintenance and Evolution, are introductory slides to the course LINGI2252 “Software Maintenance and Evolution”, given by Prof. Kim Mens at UCL, Belgium
AI Vs ML Vs DL PowerPoint Presentation Slide Templates Complete DeckSlideTeam
AI Vs ML Vs DL PowerPoint Presentation Slide Templates Complete Deck is loaded with easy-to-follow content, and intuitive design. Introduce the types and levels of artificial intelligence using the highly-effective visuals featured in this PPT slide deck. Showcase the AI-subfield of machine learning, as well as deep learning through our comprehensive PowerPoint theme. Represent the differences, and interrelationship between AI, ML, and DL. Elaborate on the scope and use case of machine intelligence in healthcare, HR, banking, supply chain, or any other industry. Take advantage of the infographic-style layout to describe why AI is flourishing in today’s day and age. Elucidate AI trends such as robotic process automation, advanced cybersecurity, AI-powered chatbots, and more. Cover all the essentials of machine learning and deep learning with the help of this PPT slideshow. Outline the application, algorithms, use cases, significance, and selection criteria for machine learning. Highlight the deep learning process, types, limitations, and significance. Describe reinforcement training, neural network classifications, and a lot more. Hit download and begin personalization. Our AI Vs ML Vs DL PowerPoint Presentation Slide Templates Complete Deck are topically designed to provide an attractive backdrop to any subject. Use them to look like a presentation pro. https://bit.ly/3ngJCKf
A fast-paced introduction to Deep Learning that starts with a simple yet complete neural network (no frameworks), followed by an overview of activation functions, cost functions, backpropagation, and then a quick dive into CNNs. Next we'll create a neural network using Keras, followed by an introduction to TensorFlow and TensorBoard. For best results, familiarity with basic vectors and matrices, inner (aka "dot") products of vectors, and rudimentary Python is definitely helpful.
Great Learning is an online and blended learning platform designed to empower working professionals to develop relevant competencies and accelerate their career progression. Great Learning programs are offered in partnership with Great Lakes Institute of Management, one of India’s leading business schools. Great Learning offers a wide variety of programs designed to help professionals develop the competencies they need.
https://www.greatlearning.in/
GUI based handwritten digit recognition using CNNAbhishek Tiwari
This project is to create a model which can recognize the digits as well as also to create GUI which is user friendly i.e. user can draw the digit on it and will get appropriate output.
When a software program is modularized, there are measures by which the quality of a design of modules and their interaction among them can be measured. These measures are called coupling and cohesion.
These slides, covering the topics of Software Maintenance and Evolution, are introductory slides to the course LINGI2252 “Software Maintenance and Evolution”, given by Prof. Kim Mens at UCL, Belgium
AI Vs ML Vs DL PowerPoint Presentation Slide Templates Complete DeckSlideTeam
AI Vs ML Vs DL PowerPoint Presentation Slide Templates Complete Deck is loaded with easy-to-follow content, and intuitive design. Introduce the types and levels of artificial intelligence using the highly-effective visuals featured in this PPT slide deck. Showcase the AI-subfield of machine learning, as well as deep learning through our comprehensive PowerPoint theme. Represent the differences, and interrelationship between AI, ML, and DL. Elaborate on the scope and use case of machine intelligence in healthcare, HR, banking, supply chain, or any other industry. Take advantage of the infographic-style layout to describe why AI is flourishing in today’s day and age. Elucidate AI trends such as robotic process automation, advanced cybersecurity, AI-powered chatbots, and more. Cover all the essentials of machine learning and deep learning with the help of this PPT slideshow. Outline the application, algorithms, use cases, significance, and selection criteria for machine learning. Highlight the deep learning process, types, limitations, and significance. Describe reinforcement training, neural network classifications, and a lot more. Hit download and begin personalization. Our AI Vs ML Vs DL PowerPoint Presentation Slide Templates Complete Deck are topically designed to provide an attractive backdrop to any subject. Use them to look like a presentation pro. https://bit.ly/3ngJCKf
A fast-paced introduction to Deep Learning that starts with a simple yet complete neural network (no frameworks), followed by an overview of activation functions, cost functions, backpropagation, and then a quick dive into CNNs. Next we'll create a neural network using Keras, followed by an introduction to TensorFlow and TensorBoard. For best results, familiarity with basic vectors and matrices, inner (aka "dot") products of vectors, and rudimentary Python is definitely helpful.
Great Learning is an online and blended learning platform designed to empower working professionals to develop relevant competencies and accelerate their career progression. Great Learning programs are offered in partnership with Great Lakes Institute of Management, one of India’s leading business schools. Great Learning offers a wide variety of programs designed to help professionals develop the competencies they need.
https://www.greatlearning.in/
GUI based handwritten digit recognition using CNNAbhishek Tiwari
This project is to create a model which can recognize the digits as well as also to create GUI which is user friendly i.e. user can draw the digit on it and will get appropriate output.
When a software program is modularized, there are measures by which the quality of a design of modules and their interaction among them can be measured. These measures are called coupling and cohesion.
I am Susan C. I am an Instant DBMS Homework Expert at databasehomeworkhelp.com. I hold a Master’s Degree in Programming, from Leeds, UK. I have been helping students with their homework for the past 9 years. I solve homework related to Instant DBMS.
Visit databasehomeworkhelp.com or email info@databasehomeworkhelp.com. You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Instant DBMS Homework.
Guidelines and Best Practices for Sencha ProjectsAmitaSuri
This presentation lists some useful guidelines and best practices to be followed while developing Sencha projects. These points would surely increase the performance of an Ext JS application in terms of memory and time.
Refactoring: Improve the design of existing codeValerio Maggio
Refactoring: Improve the design of existing code
Software Engineering class on main refactoring techniques and bad smells reported in the famous Fawler's book on this topic!
Improving the Design of Existing SoftwareSteven Smith
Combat technical debt and keep your code maintainable using these principles, heuristics, and refactoring techniques. Presented October 2017 at DogfoodCon in Columbus, OH. Learn more at http://bit.ly/PS-Refactoring
Clean code is subjective and every developer has a personal take on it. There are some ideas that are considered best practice and what constitutes clean code within the industry and community, but there is no definitive distinction.
We want to reduce the price of 3D printing.if we make
people know/aware about this technology and use this more and more then someday it’ll be the cheapest tech which will save peoples live and will give injured/wounded people new hope of life.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
2. 1. Encapsulate Collection
• when there is additional logic associated with adding/removing items from a collection,
it is a good idea to only expose the collection as something you can iterate over without
modifying the collection.
• Using this can ensure that consumers do not mis-use your collection and introduce bugs
into the code.
3. 1. Encapsulate Collection Example
we have encapsulated the collection as to
not expose the Add/Remove methods to
consumers of this class.
4. 2. Move Method
• Move method does exactly what it sounds like
• Move a method to a better location
7. 3. PULL UP Method
• The process of taking a method and “Pulling” it up in the inheritance chain
• This is used when a method needs to be used by multiple implementers.
8. 3. PULL UP Method Example (Before Ref.)
Here Turn() method is currently only available
to the car class, we also want to use it in the
motorcycle class so we create a base class if
one doesn’t already exist and “pull up” the
method into the base class making it available
to both.
10. 4. PUSH Down Method
• Opposite of PULL UP method.
Dog could bark, but now there no longer need that functionality on the
Cat class. So we “Push Down” the Bark() method into the Dog class
Refactoring
11. 5. PULL UP Field
• Like PULL UP method, we also need to PULL UP FIELD
• When we have a constant value that is duplicated between two derived classes. To
promote reuse we can pull up the field into the base class and rename it for brevity.
12. 5. PULL UP Field Example
Here _minimumCheckingBalance and
_minimumSavingsBalance are duplicate. So here we
can refactoring by using another variable in BASE
Class
Refactoring
13. 6. Push Down Field
• Opposite of the Pull Up Field refactoring is push down field
• It’s important to do this refactoring at the moment the base field is no longer used by other derived classes.
Here a string field named _resolution that is only used by one derived
class, and thus can be pushed down as no other classes are using it.
Refactoring
15. 8. Replace Inheritance With Delegation
• Inheritance should only be used in logical circumstances but it is often used for convenience purposes
Refactoring
In this instance, a Child is not a “Sanitation” and therefore doesn’t make
sense as an inheritance hierarchy. We can refactor by initializing an
instance of Sanitation in the Child constructor and delegating the call to
the class rather than via inheritance
16. 9. Extract Interface
• When you notice more than one class using a similar subset of methods on a class, it is useful
to break the dependency and introduce an interface that the consumers to use.
17. 9. Extract Interface Example (After Ref)
In this example, you can see we extracted the
methods that both consumers use and placed them
in an interface. Now the consumers don’t care/know
about the class that is implementing these methods.
We have decoupled our consumer from the actual
implementation and depend only on the contract
that we have created.
18. 10. Extract Method
• It helps to make code more readable by placing logic behind descriptive method names.
• This reduces the amount of investigation the next developer needs to do as a method
name can describe what a portion of code is doing.
• This in turn reduces bugs in the code because less assumptions need to be made.
19. 10. Extract Method Example (Before Ref)
You can see that the CalculateGrandTotal
method is actually doing three different
things here. It’s calculating the subtotal,
applying any discounts and then calculating
the tax for the receipt. Instead of making a
developer look through that whole method
to determine what each thing is doing, it
would save time and readability to seperate
those distinct tasks into their own methods
21. 11. Switch To Strategy
• This refactoring is used when you have a larger switch statement that continually
changes because of new conditions being added.
• In these cases it’s often better to introduce the strategy pattern and encapsulate each
condition in it’s own class.
23. 11. Switch To Strategy (After Ref)
Here is the implementation with the ShippingCalculations
dictionary. this is not the only option to implement the
strategy pattern.
24. 12. Break Dependencies
• When any problem occurs with UNIT testing and tight dependency between two classes,
there need to be break dependencies.
• We can break dependencies by introducing a Interface.
In this example we have client code that is
using a static class to accomplish some work.
The problem with this when it comes to unit
testing because there is no way to mock the
static class from our unit test. To work around
this you can apply a wrapper interface around
the static to create a seam and break the
dependency on the static.
25. 12. Break Dependencies Example (After Ref.)
So the behavior is still the same, just the manner in which it is invoked has changed. This is good to get a starting
point to begin refactoring from and an easy way to add unit tests to your code base.
26. 13. Extract Method Object
• When trying to apply an Extract Method refactoring, and multiple methods are needing to be
introduced, it is sometimes gets ugly because of multiple local variables that are being used
within a method.
• Because of this reason, it is better to introduce an Extract Method Object refactoring and to
segregate the logic required to perform the task.
29. 14. Break Responsibilities
the Video class has three
responsibilities, once for handling
video rentals, and another for
managing how many rentals a
customer has. We can break out the
customer logic into it’s own class to
help separate the responsibilities.
31. 15. Remove Duplication
• One of the most used refactoring in the forms of methods that are used in more than
one place.
• Duplication will quickly sneak up on you if you’re not careful and give in to apathy.
Refactoring
32. 16. Encapsulate Conditional
• when doing a number of different checks within a conditional the intent of what you are
testing for gets lost in the conditional. In these instances we have to extract the
conditional into an easy to read property, or method depending if there is parameters to
pass or not.
Refactoring
33. 17. Extract Superclass
• This refactoring is used quite often when you have a number of methods that you want
to “pull up” into a base class to allow other classes in the same hierarchy to use.
Refactoring
35. 19. Extract Factory Class
• Often in code some involved setup of objects is required in order to get them into a state where we
can begin working with them.
• Usually this setup is nothing more than creating a new instance of the object and working with it in
whatever manner we need.
• Sometimes however the creation requirements of this object may grow and clouds the original
code that was used to create the object. This is where a Factory class comes into play.
37. 20. Extract Subclass
Refactoring
• This refactoring is useful when you have methods on a base class that are not shared
amongst all classes and needs to be pushed down into it’s own class
38. 21. Collapse Hierarchy
Refactoring
• A Collapse Hierarchy refactoring would be applied when you realize you no longer need a
subclass. When this happens it doesn’t really make sense to keep your subclass around if
it’s properties can be merged into the base class and used strictly from there.
39. 22. Break Method
• This refactoring is kind of a meta-refactoring in the fact that it’s just extract method applied
over and over until you decompose one large method into several smaller methods.
40. 22. Break Method (After Ref.)
• This refactoring is kind of a meta-refactoring in the fact that it’s just extract method applied
over and over until you decompose one large method into several smaller methods.
41. 23. Introduce Parameter Object
Refactoring
• Sometimes when working with a method that needs several parameters it becomes difficult
to read the method signature because of five or more parameters being passed to the
method.
42. 24. Remove Arrowhead Antipattern
• The arrowhead antipattern is when you have nested conditionals so deep that they form an
arrowhead of code.
• It makes for high cyclomatic complexity in code.
44. 24. Remove Arrowhead Antipattern (After Ref.)
Refactoring away
from the
arrowhead
antipattern is as
simple as
swapping the
conditionals to
leave the method
as soon as
possible.
45. 25. Introduce Design By Contract Checks
• Design By Contract or DBC defines that methods should have defined input and output
verifications.
• Therefore, you can be sure you are always working with a usable set of data in all methods
and everything is behaving as expected.
• If not, exceptions or errors should be returned and handled from the methods.
46. 25. Introduce Design By Contract Checks (Before Ref.)
In our example here, we are working with input parameters that may possibly be null. As a result a
NullReferenceException would be thrown from this method because we never verify that we have an instance.
During the end of the method, we don’t ensure that we are returning a valid decimal to the consumer of this
method
48. 26. Remove Double Negative
• This refactoring is pretty simple to implement although I find it in many codebases that
severely hurts readability and almost always conveys incorrect intent.
• This type of code does the most damage because of the assumptions made on it.
Assumptions lead to incorrect maintenance code written, which in turn leads to bugs
49. 26. Remove Double Negative (After Ref.)
As we can see the double
negative here is difficult to read
because we have to figure out
what is positive state of the two
negatives.
The fix is very easy. If we don’t
have a positive test, add one that
does the double negative
assertion for you rather than
make sure you get it correct.
50. 27. Remove God Classes
• A God Class’s object that knows too much or does too much.
• God class grouped methods together with using statements or comments into separate
roles that this one class is performing.
• Over time, these classes become a dumping ground for a method that someone doesn’t
have time/want to put in the proper class
51. 27. Remove God Classes (Before Ref.)
The refactoring for this is
very straight forward.
Simply take the related
methods and place them in
specific classes that match
their responsibility.
53. 28. Rename Boolean Method
• Methods with a large number of Boolean parameters can quickly get out of hand and can
produce unexpected behavior.
• Depending on the number of parameters will determine how many methods need to be
broken out.
We can make this work a little better
simple by exposing the Boolean
parameters via well named methods and
in turn make the original method private
to prevent anyone from calling it going
forward.
54. 29. Remove Middle Man
• Middle Men classes simply take calls and forward them on to other components without
doing any work. This is an unneeded layer and can be removed completely with minimal
effort.
56. 30. Return ASAP
• The idea is that as soon as you know what needs to be done and you have all the required
information, you should exit the method as soon as possible and not continue along.
57. 31. Replace Conditional With Polymorphism
• In instances where you are doing checks by type, and performing some type of operation, it’s a
good idea to encapsulate that algorithm within the class and then use polymorphism to abstract
the call to the code.