Resource to Performance Tradeoff
Adjustment for Fine-Grained Architectures
─A Design Methodology
When implementing computation-intensive algorithms on finegrained
parallel architectures, adjustment of resource to
performance tradeoff is a big challenge. This paper proposes a
methodology for dealing with some of these performance tradeoffs
by adjusting parallelism at different levels. In a case study,
interpolation kernels are implemented on a fine-grained
architecture (FPGA) using a high level language (Mitrion-C).
For both cubic and bi-cubic interpolation, one single-kernel, one
cross-kernel and two multi-kernel parallel implementations are
designed and evaluated. Our results demonstrate that no single
level of parallelism can be used for trade-off adjustment. Instead,
the appropriate degree of parallelism on each level, according to
available resources and the performance requirements of the
application, needs to be found. Basing the design on high-level
programming simplifies the trade-off process. This research is a
step towards automation of the choice of parallelization based on
a combination of parallelism levels.
Detecting Occurrences of Refactoring with Heuristic SearchShinpei Hayashi
This document describes a technique for detecting refactorings between two versions of a program using heuristic search. Refactorings are detected by generating intermediate program states through applying refactorings, and finding a path from the original to modified program that minimizes differences. Structural differences are used to identify likely refactorings. Candidate refactorings are evaluated and applied to generate new states, with the search terminating when the state matches the modified program. A supporting tool was developed and a case study found the technique could correctly detect an actual series of refactorings between program versions.
Sentence-to-Code Traceability Recovery with Domain OntologiesShinpei Hayashi
The document describes a technique for recovering traceability between natural language sentences and source code using domain ontologies. An automated tool was implemented and evaluated on a case study using the JDraw software. Results showed the technique worked well, recovering traceability between 7 sentences and code with higher accuracy than without using the ontology. The ontology helped improve recall and detect traceability in cases where word similarity alone did not work well. Future work is needed to evaluate on larger cases and domains.
Directive-based approach to Heterogeneous ComputingRuymán Reyes
The document discusses a directive-based approach to heterogeneous computing. It describes how applications used in HPC centers commonly use MPI and OpenMP programming models. It also discusses how complexity arises from mixing different Fortran dialects and the need for faster ways to migrate code to new architectures like accelerators without rewriting the code. The document proposes using directives to enhance legacy code for heterogeneous systems in a portable way.
20100522 from object_to_database_replication_pedone_lecture01-02Computer Science Club
The document discusses moving from object replication to database replication, noting that object replication focuses on fault tolerance using non-transactional objects while database replication aims for both performance and fault tolerance using transactions. It outlines replication models for both objects and databases, describing consistency criteria like linearizability and sequential consistency for objects, and transaction properties like atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability for databases.
Recording Finer-Grained Software Evolution with IDE: An Annotation-Based Appr...Shinpei Hayashi
This document proposes an annotation-based approach to recording finer-grained software evolution using an IDE. Developers can classify their edit operations according to different modes, and the system structures the edits to generate source code deltas for each intentional change. A prototype implementation as an Eclipse plug-in automates reordering edits based on the modes. This approach aims to avoid mixed changesets and better capture the relationships between changes.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
This document discusses the implementation of an OFDM kernel for WiMAX systems. It begins with an introduction to OFDM and how it is used in WiMAX networks. It then provides an overview of the key components in the WiMAX physical layer, including bit-level processing, OFDMA symbol-level processing, and digital intermediate frequency processing blocks. It specifically focuses on the OFDM kernel, which includes the inverse fast Fourier transform, cyclic prefix insertion, fast Fourier transform, and cyclic prefix removal blocks. Finally, it discusses how FPGAs are well-suited for implementing OFDM kernels due to their high speed complex multiplication capabilities.
Energy-Efficient LDPC Decoder using DVFS for binary sourcesIDES Editor
This paper deals with reduction of the transmission
power usage in the wireless sensor networks. A system with
FEC can provide an objective reliability using less power
than a system without FEC. We propose to study LDPC
codes to provide reliable communication while saving power
in the sensor networks. As shown later, LDPC codes are more
energy efficient than those that use BCH codes. Another
method to reduce the transmission cost is to compress the
correlated data among a number of sensor nodes before
transmission. A suitable source encoder that removes the
redundant information bits can save the transmission power.
Such a system requires distributed source coding. We propose
to apply LDPC codes for both distributed source coding and
source-channel coding to obtain a two-fold energy savings.
Source and channel coding with LDPC for two correlated nodes
under AWGN channel is implemented in this paper. In this
iterative decoding algorithm is used for decoding the data, and
it’s efficiency is compared with the new decoding algorithm
called layered decoding algorithm which based on offset min
sum algorithm. The usage of layered decoding algorithm and
Adaptive LDPC decoding for AWGN channel reduces the
decoding complexity and its number of iterations. So the power
will be saved, and it can be implemented in hardware.
Detecting Occurrences of Refactoring with Heuristic SearchShinpei Hayashi
This document describes a technique for detecting refactorings between two versions of a program using heuristic search. Refactorings are detected by generating intermediate program states through applying refactorings, and finding a path from the original to modified program that minimizes differences. Structural differences are used to identify likely refactorings. Candidate refactorings are evaluated and applied to generate new states, with the search terminating when the state matches the modified program. A supporting tool was developed and a case study found the technique could correctly detect an actual series of refactorings between program versions.
Sentence-to-Code Traceability Recovery with Domain OntologiesShinpei Hayashi
The document describes a technique for recovering traceability between natural language sentences and source code using domain ontologies. An automated tool was implemented and evaluated on a case study using the JDraw software. Results showed the technique worked well, recovering traceability between 7 sentences and code with higher accuracy than without using the ontology. The ontology helped improve recall and detect traceability in cases where word similarity alone did not work well. Future work is needed to evaluate on larger cases and domains.
Directive-based approach to Heterogeneous ComputingRuymán Reyes
The document discusses a directive-based approach to heterogeneous computing. It describes how applications used in HPC centers commonly use MPI and OpenMP programming models. It also discusses how complexity arises from mixing different Fortran dialects and the need for faster ways to migrate code to new architectures like accelerators without rewriting the code. The document proposes using directives to enhance legacy code for heterogeneous systems in a portable way.
20100522 from object_to_database_replication_pedone_lecture01-02Computer Science Club
The document discusses moving from object replication to database replication, noting that object replication focuses on fault tolerance using non-transactional objects while database replication aims for both performance and fault tolerance using transactions. It outlines replication models for both objects and databases, describing consistency criteria like linearizability and sequential consistency for objects, and transaction properties like atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability for databases.
Recording Finer-Grained Software Evolution with IDE: An Annotation-Based Appr...Shinpei Hayashi
This document proposes an annotation-based approach to recording finer-grained software evolution using an IDE. Developers can classify their edit operations according to different modes, and the system structures the edits to generate source code deltas for each intentional change. A prototype implementation as an Eclipse plug-in automates reordering edits based on the modes. This approach aims to avoid mixed changesets and better capture the relationships between changes.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
This document discusses the implementation of an OFDM kernel for WiMAX systems. It begins with an introduction to OFDM and how it is used in WiMAX networks. It then provides an overview of the key components in the WiMAX physical layer, including bit-level processing, OFDMA symbol-level processing, and digital intermediate frequency processing blocks. It specifically focuses on the OFDM kernel, which includes the inverse fast Fourier transform, cyclic prefix insertion, fast Fourier transform, and cyclic prefix removal blocks. Finally, it discusses how FPGAs are well-suited for implementing OFDM kernels due to their high speed complex multiplication capabilities.
Energy-Efficient LDPC Decoder using DVFS for binary sourcesIDES Editor
This paper deals with reduction of the transmission
power usage in the wireless sensor networks. A system with
FEC can provide an objective reliability using less power
than a system without FEC. We propose to study LDPC
codes to provide reliable communication while saving power
in the sensor networks. As shown later, LDPC codes are more
energy efficient than those that use BCH codes. Another
method to reduce the transmission cost is to compress the
correlated data among a number of sensor nodes before
transmission. A suitable source encoder that removes the
redundant information bits can save the transmission power.
Such a system requires distributed source coding. We propose
to apply LDPC codes for both distributed source coding and
source-channel coding to obtain a two-fold energy savings.
Source and channel coding with LDPC for two correlated nodes
under AWGN channel is implemented in this paper. In this
iterative decoding algorithm is used for decoding the data, and
it’s efficiency is compared with the new decoding algorithm
called layered decoding algorithm which based on offset min
sum algorithm. The usage of layered decoding algorithm and
Adaptive LDPC decoding for AWGN channel reduces the
decoding complexity and its number of iterations. So the power
will be saved, and it can be implemented in hardware.
This document provides an overview of a tutorial on VHDL synthesis, place and route for FPGA and ASIC technologies. The tutorial covers VHDL coding styles, FPGA synthesis, place and route, a demo of FPGA synthesis and place and route, ASIC synthesis, place and route, and a demo of ASIC synthesis and place and route. The outline indicates it will also cover conclusions and further reading.
This document discusses lexical analysis and scanners. It explains that a scanner's main task is to identify the tokens in a program, such as keywords, identifiers, numbers, and punctuation. It then describes how regular expressions can be used to formally define the tokens in a language and how deterministic finite automata (DFAs) can recognize these regular sets of tokens. The document provides examples of using DFA tables and regular expressions to define number tokens in Pascal and a simple C program for a lexical analyzer that uses a DFA to check for a double 'aa' in a string.
This document discusses core concepts of C++ including memory management, value categories, and memory storage types. It covers memory addressing modes in real mode and protected mode on early Intel processors. It also explains static, heap and stack memory storage in C++, structure padding, false sharing, and value categories including lvalues, rvalues, xvalues and prvalues introduced in C++11. Memory hierarchy from registers to hard drives is also outlined.
Here are the key points about scanf():
- scanf() is used to read/input values from the keyboard or standard input device.
- It follows the same format specifier conventions as printf() for data types (%d for int, %f for float, %c for char etc).
- The address of operator & is used before variables in the argument list to tell scanf() to store the input directly into the memory location of the variables.
- This is necessary because normally function arguments in C are passed by value, so scanf() would just get a copy of the variable instead of modifying the original one. The & takes the address to allow direct modification.
So in summary, scanf
TUKE MediaEval 2012: Spoken Web Search using DTW and Unsupervised SVMMediaEval2012
This document describes a spoken web search system that uses dynamic time warping (DTW) and an unsupervised support vector machine (SVM). It consists of 3 sections:
1) System architecture - outlines the segmentation, feature extraction, SVM method, and searching algorithm components of the system.
2) Experimental results - provides results from testing the system but no details.
3) Conclusion - the concluding remarks for the system but no specifics are given.
Multinode Cooperative Communications with Generalized Combining Schemesakrambedoui
This document summarizes a graduation project presentation on cooperative communications using multiple relay nodes. It describes the system model involving a source, destination, and multiple relays. An incremental relaying protocol is proposed where relays transmit in successive phases if the combined signal strength from previous relays falls below a threshold. Analytical expressions for symbol error rate are developed for both maximal ratio combining and generalized selection combining schemes. Results show symbol error rate decreases as the number of relays increases. The average number of time slots needed per transmission is also analyzed. Finally, joint adaptive modulation and incremental relaying is proposed to further improve performance.
Verilog HDL (Hardware Description Language) Training Course for self-taught instructional. User should be familiar with basic digital and logic design. Helpful to have a Verilog simulator while going through examples.
NV_path_rendering is an OpenGL extension for CUDA-capable NVIDIA GPUs for performing resolution-independent 2D rendering. Standards such as Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), PostScript, PDF, Adobe Flash, and TrueType fonts rely on path rendering. With NV_path_rendering, this important class of rendering is accelerated by the GPU in a way that co-exists with conventional 3D rendering.
For more information see:
http://developer.nvidia.com/nv-path-rendering
Hardware Implementations of RS Decoding Algorithm for Multi-Gb/s Communicatio...RSIS International
In this paper, we have designed the VLSI hardware for a novel RS decoding algorithm suitable for Multi-Gb/s Communication Systems. Through this paper we show that the performance benefit of the algorithm is truly witnessed when implemented in hardware thus avoiding the extra processing time of Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle of traditional microprocessor based computing systems. The new algorithm with less time complexity combined with its application specific hardware implementation makes it suitable for high speed real-time systems with hard timing constraints. The design is implemented as a digital hardware using VHDL
This document discusses intentional software and its goal of separating domain knowledge (A) from implementation (B) to reduce complexity. It provides context on the history of software development from the 1950s to present. Key figures discussed include John von Neumann, John Backus, Grace Hopper, John McCarthy, and Peter Naur who developed early domain-specific languages and programming concepts. The founder of Intentional Software, Charles Simonyi, is also introduced for his work developing early graphical editors and research on intentional programming.
The document contains slides summarizing key concepts in security for distributed systems. It includes figures explaining common names used in security protocols like Alice and Bob, cryptography notations, digital signatures, encryption algorithms like TEA and stream ciphers, and security protocols like TLS, Kerberos, and WEP. Descriptions of public/private key certificates, digital signatures, and encryption standards are provided.
This document provides an introduction to VHDL, including:
- VHDL allows modeling and developing digital systems through modules that can be reused, with in/out ports and behavioral or structural specification.
- Models can be tested through simulation and used for synthesis.
- There are three ways to specify models: dataflow, behavioral, and structural. Behavioral models describe algorithms, structural models compose subsystems.
- A test bench applies inputs to verify a model's outputs through simulation.
Presented at the GPU Technology Conference 2012 in San Jose, California.
Monday, May 14, 2012.
Attend this session to get the most out of OpenGL on NVIDIA Quadro and GeForce GPUs. Topics covered include the latest advances available for Cg 3.1, the OpenGL Shading Language (GLSL); programmable tessellation; improved support for Direct3D conventions; integration with Direct3D and CUDA resources; bindless graphics; and more. When you utilize the latest OpenGL innovations from NVIDIA in your graphics applications, you benefit from NVIDIA's leadership driving OpenGL as a cross-platform, open industry standard.
This document proposes a thesis project to develop a transcoder that can efficiently transcode a H.264 bitstream to a VC-1 bitstream. The objective is to implement a H.264 to VC-1 transcoder for progressive compression. Motivation for the project includes the coexistence of different video coding standards like H.264, VC-1, and MPEG-2 in applications such as Blu-ray discs, which creates a need for transcoding between these formats. While there has been work on other types of transcoding, published work on H.264 to VC-1 transcoding is limited. The document discusses various transcoding architectures and argues that a cascaded pixel domain architecture is best suited for the heterogeneous
REDUCED COMPLEXITY QUASI-CYCLIC LDPC ENCODER FOR IEEE 802.11N VLSICS Design
In this paper, we present a low complexity Quasi-cyclic -low-density-parity-check (QC-LDPC) encoder hardware based on Richardson and Urbanke lower- triangular algorithm for IEEE 802.11n wireless LAN Standard for 648 block length and 1/2 code rate. The LDPC encoder hardware implementation works at 301.433MHz and it can process 12.12 Gbps throughput. We apply the concept of multiplication by constant matrices in GF(2) due to which hardware required is also optimized. Proposed architecture of QC-LDPC encoder will be compatible for high-speed applications. This hardwired architecture is less
complex as it avoids conventionally used block memories and cyclic-shifters.
Programming with NV_path_rendering: An Annex to the SIGGRAPH Asia 2012 paper...Mark Kilgard
This document provides an overview of the programming interface for NV path rendering, an OpenGL extension for accelerating vector graphics on GPUs. It describes the supported path commands, which are designed to match all major path standards. Paths can be specified explicitly from commands and coordinates, from path strings using grammars like SVG or PostScript, or by generating paths from font glyphs. Additional functions allow copying, interpolating, weighting, or transforming existing path objects.
1) The document proposes a Contract-extended Push-Pull-Clone (C-PPC) model for distributed collaborative editing that allows expressing usage restrictions through contracts.
2) In the C-PPC model, document modifications and contracts are logged, and the logs can be audited to detect violations of contracts and update trust levels between collaborators.
3) The model aims to make trust and contracts explicit in collaborative environments without requiring a central collaboration provider by expressing contracts "inside the system" and synchronizing data changes with contracts.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) ijceronline
This document presents an implementation of an Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) key exchange protocol using VB.NET. ECDH is based on the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem and allows two parties to generate a shared secret key over an insecure channel. The implementation uses an elliptic curve group over the field F29 with parameters a=1 and b=1. It demonstrates the steps to generate and exchange public keys between two users to compute the same shared secret key. This allows encryption of messages using a symmetric key algorithm. ECDH is suitable for applications requiring security where resources are limited, as smaller key sizes provide the same level of security as larger keys in other cryptosystems.
PERFORMANCE OF ITERATIVE LDPC-BASED SPACE-TIME TRELLIS CODED MIMO-OFDM SYSTEM...ijcseit
This paper presents the bit error rate (BER) performance of the low density parity check (LDPC) based
space-time trellis coded 2×2 multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
(STTC-MIMO-OFDM) system on text message transmission. The system under investigation incorporates
1/2-rated LDPC encoding scheme under various digital modulations (BPSK, QPSK and QAM) over an
additative white gaussian noise (AWGN) and other fading (Raleigh and Rician) channels for two transmit
and two receive antennas. At the receiving section of the simulated system, Minimum Mean-Square-Error
(MMSE) channel equalization technique has been implemented to extract transmitted symbols without
enhancing noise power level. The effectiveness of the proposed system is analyzed in terms of BER with
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). It is observable from the Matlab based simulation study that the proposed
system outperforms with BPSK as compared to other digital modulation schemes at relatively low SNRs
under AWGN, Rayleigh and Rician fading channels. The transmitted text message is found to have
retrieved effectively at the receiver under implementation of iterative sum-product LDPC decoding
algorithm. It has also been anticipated that the performance of the LDPC-based STTC-MIMO-OFDM
system degrades with the increase of noise power.
1. The study explored the influence of occupational stress and organizational climate on job satisfaction of managers and engineers at Indian Oil Corporation Limited in India.
2. The results found no significant difference in job satisfaction between managers and engineers, but found that managers perceived a more favorable organizational climate and lower occupational stress than engineers.
3. Higher-income managers reported greater job satisfaction than lower-income managers, but income had no influence on job satisfaction levels among engineers.
Este documento contiene varias rimas y canciones infantiles españolas tradicionales. Incluye rimas sobre un patito café, arroz con leche, ranas y una muñeca enferma, así como la popular canción "De Colores". Las rimas y canciones usan lenguaje sencillo y ritmos simples para entretener e instruir a los niños.
This document provides an overview of a tutorial on VHDL synthesis, place and route for FPGA and ASIC technologies. The tutorial covers VHDL coding styles, FPGA synthesis, place and route, a demo of FPGA synthesis and place and route, ASIC synthesis, place and route, and a demo of ASIC synthesis and place and route. The outline indicates it will also cover conclusions and further reading.
This document discusses lexical analysis and scanners. It explains that a scanner's main task is to identify the tokens in a program, such as keywords, identifiers, numbers, and punctuation. It then describes how regular expressions can be used to formally define the tokens in a language and how deterministic finite automata (DFAs) can recognize these regular sets of tokens. The document provides examples of using DFA tables and regular expressions to define number tokens in Pascal and a simple C program for a lexical analyzer that uses a DFA to check for a double 'aa' in a string.
This document discusses core concepts of C++ including memory management, value categories, and memory storage types. It covers memory addressing modes in real mode and protected mode on early Intel processors. It also explains static, heap and stack memory storage in C++, structure padding, false sharing, and value categories including lvalues, rvalues, xvalues and prvalues introduced in C++11. Memory hierarchy from registers to hard drives is also outlined.
Here are the key points about scanf():
- scanf() is used to read/input values from the keyboard or standard input device.
- It follows the same format specifier conventions as printf() for data types (%d for int, %f for float, %c for char etc).
- The address of operator & is used before variables in the argument list to tell scanf() to store the input directly into the memory location of the variables.
- This is necessary because normally function arguments in C are passed by value, so scanf() would just get a copy of the variable instead of modifying the original one. The & takes the address to allow direct modification.
So in summary, scanf
TUKE MediaEval 2012: Spoken Web Search using DTW and Unsupervised SVMMediaEval2012
This document describes a spoken web search system that uses dynamic time warping (DTW) and an unsupervised support vector machine (SVM). It consists of 3 sections:
1) System architecture - outlines the segmentation, feature extraction, SVM method, and searching algorithm components of the system.
2) Experimental results - provides results from testing the system but no details.
3) Conclusion - the concluding remarks for the system but no specifics are given.
Multinode Cooperative Communications with Generalized Combining Schemesakrambedoui
This document summarizes a graduation project presentation on cooperative communications using multiple relay nodes. It describes the system model involving a source, destination, and multiple relays. An incremental relaying protocol is proposed where relays transmit in successive phases if the combined signal strength from previous relays falls below a threshold. Analytical expressions for symbol error rate are developed for both maximal ratio combining and generalized selection combining schemes. Results show symbol error rate decreases as the number of relays increases. The average number of time slots needed per transmission is also analyzed. Finally, joint adaptive modulation and incremental relaying is proposed to further improve performance.
Verilog HDL (Hardware Description Language) Training Course for self-taught instructional. User should be familiar with basic digital and logic design. Helpful to have a Verilog simulator while going through examples.
NV_path_rendering is an OpenGL extension for CUDA-capable NVIDIA GPUs for performing resolution-independent 2D rendering. Standards such as Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), PostScript, PDF, Adobe Flash, and TrueType fonts rely on path rendering. With NV_path_rendering, this important class of rendering is accelerated by the GPU in a way that co-exists with conventional 3D rendering.
For more information see:
http://developer.nvidia.com/nv-path-rendering
Hardware Implementations of RS Decoding Algorithm for Multi-Gb/s Communicatio...RSIS International
In this paper, we have designed the VLSI hardware for a novel RS decoding algorithm suitable for Multi-Gb/s Communication Systems. Through this paper we show that the performance benefit of the algorithm is truly witnessed when implemented in hardware thus avoiding the extra processing time of Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle of traditional microprocessor based computing systems. The new algorithm with less time complexity combined with its application specific hardware implementation makes it suitable for high speed real-time systems with hard timing constraints. The design is implemented as a digital hardware using VHDL
This document discusses intentional software and its goal of separating domain knowledge (A) from implementation (B) to reduce complexity. It provides context on the history of software development from the 1950s to present. Key figures discussed include John von Neumann, John Backus, Grace Hopper, John McCarthy, and Peter Naur who developed early domain-specific languages and programming concepts. The founder of Intentional Software, Charles Simonyi, is also introduced for his work developing early graphical editors and research on intentional programming.
The document contains slides summarizing key concepts in security for distributed systems. It includes figures explaining common names used in security protocols like Alice and Bob, cryptography notations, digital signatures, encryption algorithms like TEA and stream ciphers, and security protocols like TLS, Kerberos, and WEP. Descriptions of public/private key certificates, digital signatures, and encryption standards are provided.
This document provides an introduction to VHDL, including:
- VHDL allows modeling and developing digital systems through modules that can be reused, with in/out ports and behavioral or structural specification.
- Models can be tested through simulation and used for synthesis.
- There are three ways to specify models: dataflow, behavioral, and structural. Behavioral models describe algorithms, structural models compose subsystems.
- A test bench applies inputs to verify a model's outputs through simulation.
Presented at the GPU Technology Conference 2012 in San Jose, California.
Monday, May 14, 2012.
Attend this session to get the most out of OpenGL on NVIDIA Quadro and GeForce GPUs. Topics covered include the latest advances available for Cg 3.1, the OpenGL Shading Language (GLSL); programmable tessellation; improved support for Direct3D conventions; integration with Direct3D and CUDA resources; bindless graphics; and more. When you utilize the latest OpenGL innovations from NVIDIA in your graphics applications, you benefit from NVIDIA's leadership driving OpenGL as a cross-platform, open industry standard.
This document proposes a thesis project to develop a transcoder that can efficiently transcode a H.264 bitstream to a VC-1 bitstream. The objective is to implement a H.264 to VC-1 transcoder for progressive compression. Motivation for the project includes the coexistence of different video coding standards like H.264, VC-1, and MPEG-2 in applications such as Blu-ray discs, which creates a need for transcoding between these formats. While there has been work on other types of transcoding, published work on H.264 to VC-1 transcoding is limited. The document discusses various transcoding architectures and argues that a cascaded pixel domain architecture is best suited for the heterogeneous
REDUCED COMPLEXITY QUASI-CYCLIC LDPC ENCODER FOR IEEE 802.11N VLSICS Design
In this paper, we present a low complexity Quasi-cyclic -low-density-parity-check (QC-LDPC) encoder hardware based on Richardson and Urbanke lower- triangular algorithm for IEEE 802.11n wireless LAN Standard for 648 block length and 1/2 code rate. The LDPC encoder hardware implementation works at 301.433MHz and it can process 12.12 Gbps throughput. We apply the concept of multiplication by constant matrices in GF(2) due to which hardware required is also optimized. Proposed architecture of QC-LDPC encoder will be compatible for high-speed applications. This hardwired architecture is less
complex as it avoids conventionally used block memories and cyclic-shifters.
Programming with NV_path_rendering: An Annex to the SIGGRAPH Asia 2012 paper...Mark Kilgard
This document provides an overview of the programming interface for NV path rendering, an OpenGL extension for accelerating vector graphics on GPUs. It describes the supported path commands, which are designed to match all major path standards. Paths can be specified explicitly from commands and coordinates, from path strings using grammars like SVG or PostScript, or by generating paths from font glyphs. Additional functions allow copying, interpolating, weighting, or transforming existing path objects.
1) The document proposes a Contract-extended Push-Pull-Clone (C-PPC) model for distributed collaborative editing that allows expressing usage restrictions through contracts.
2) In the C-PPC model, document modifications and contracts are logged, and the logs can be audited to detect violations of contracts and update trust levels between collaborators.
3) The model aims to make trust and contracts explicit in collaborative environments without requiring a central collaboration provider by expressing contracts "inside the system" and synchronizing data changes with contracts.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) ijceronline
This document presents an implementation of an Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) key exchange protocol using VB.NET. ECDH is based on the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem and allows two parties to generate a shared secret key over an insecure channel. The implementation uses an elliptic curve group over the field F29 with parameters a=1 and b=1. It demonstrates the steps to generate and exchange public keys between two users to compute the same shared secret key. This allows encryption of messages using a symmetric key algorithm. ECDH is suitable for applications requiring security where resources are limited, as smaller key sizes provide the same level of security as larger keys in other cryptosystems.
PERFORMANCE OF ITERATIVE LDPC-BASED SPACE-TIME TRELLIS CODED MIMO-OFDM SYSTEM...ijcseit
This paper presents the bit error rate (BER) performance of the low density parity check (LDPC) based
space-time trellis coded 2×2 multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
(STTC-MIMO-OFDM) system on text message transmission. The system under investigation incorporates
1/2-rated LDPC encoding scheme under various digital modulations (BPSK, QPSK and QAM) over an
additative white gaussian noise (AWGN) and other fading (Raleigh and Rician) channels for two transmit
and two receive antennas. At the receiving section of the simulated system, Minimum Mean-Square-Error
(MMSE) channel equalization technique has been implemented to extract transmitted symbols without
enhancing noise power level. The effectiveness of the proposed system is analyzed in terms of BER with
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). It is observable from the Matlab based simulation study that the proposed
system outperforms with BPSK as compared to other digital modulation schemes at relatively low SNRs
under AWGN, Rayleigh and Rician fading channels. The transmitted text message is found to have
retrieved effectively at the receiver under implementation of iterative sum-product LDPC decoding
algorithm. It has also been anticipated that the performance of the LDPC-based STTC-MIMO-OFDM
system degrades with the increase of noise power.
1. The study explored the influence of occupational stress and organizational climate on job satisfaction of managers and engineers at Indian Oil Corporation Limited in India.
2. The results found no significant difference in job satisfaction between managers and engineers, but found that managers perceived a more favorable organizational climate and lower occupational stress than engineers.
3. Higher-income managers reported greater job satisfaction than lower-income managers, but income had no influence on job satisfaction levels among engineers.
Este documento contiene varias rimas y canciones infantiles españolas tradicionales. Incluye rimas sobre un patito café, arroz con leche, ranas y una muñeca enferma, así como la popular canción "De Colores". Las rimas y canciones usan lenguaje sencillo y ritmos simples para entretener e instruir a los niños.
O documento resume uma pesquisa sobre os estilos de liderança segundo a perspectiva de executivos brasileiros. Identificou-se quatro estilos principais: líder orientado para pessoas, líder visionário, líder mobilizador e líder conciliador. Também discute os desafios atuais da liderança como lidar com diversidade cultural e formar equipes diversas.
El documento presenta una introducción al arbitraje como mecanismo alternativo de resolución de controversias en el ámbito jurídico. Explica brevemente las teorías del arbitraje y lo define como un proceso por el cual las partes someten voluntariamente una controversia a la decisión de uno o más árbitros. Además, clasifica el arbitraje en internacional e interno, institucional y ad hoc, según los sujetos involucrados.
Este documento trata sobre la tecnología educativa. Discute cómo la tecnología ha transformado el mundo de manera ambivalente y cómo la educación escolar también puede considerarse una tecnología social. Argumenta que para comprender plenamente la tecnología educativa, se debe tener una visión amplia que incluya no solo los artefactos tecnológicos sino también las tecnologías simbólicas y organizativas que moldean la educación y la sociedad.
Through the My.SSS portal on the Philippine Social Security System (SSS) website, members can register to access online services. To register, members provide required personal details and registration is pending validation against SSS records. Once registered, members can view contribution and membership records, set branch appointments, and submit transactions online for greater convenience beyond office hours. Employers can also register to view records and submit reports. Registration allows contact mainly by email.
Este documento habla sobre las marcas blancas. Explica que son marcas de productos que los supermercados venden a menor precio que las marcas originales, aunque en realidad son los mismos productos pero con envases diferentes. Menciona algunas ventajas como los precios más bajos, pero también desventajas como una posible percepción de menor control de calidad. Finalmente, señala que el auge de estas marcas ha perjudicado a algunas marcas originales al disminuir sus ventas y publicidad.
The document summarizes Tiark Rompf's talk on using the Delite framework to build domain-specific languages (DSLs) that can be optimized and compiled to different low-level architectures. It provides examples of existing DSLs created with Delite for machine learning, data querying, graph analysis, and collections. The talk discussed how DSLs allow writing programs at a high-level that can then be optimized and generated into high-performance code.
The document provides an introduction to DirectX and its components for 3D graphics programming. DirectX includes Direct3D for 3D rendering, DXGI for managing graphics resources, and HLSL for writing shaders. Direct3D uses a graphics pipeline with stages like vertex shading, rasterization, and pixel shading. Programmers interface with Direct3D through COM objects and interfaces.
This document discusses RISC-V instructions, specifically arithmetic and logical instructions. It begins with background on RISC vs CISC architectures and an overview of the RISC-V ISA. The document then covers different categories of RISC-V instructions like data processing, memory access, and branches. It provides examples of RISC-V arithmetic instructions like add and explains the instruction format and fields. Register conventions and an example register file implementation in Verilog are also summarized.
This document summarizes the key steps and optimizations required to develop an efficient FPGA accelerator for non-binary LDPC decoding using high-level synthesis. It describes how a naive implementation based solely on a software description achieves limited performance, and how careful tuning of the high-level application description through optimizations like directive-based transformations can achieve performance close to hand-optimized RTL. The document aims to guide readers on designing efficient HLS-based hardware accelerators by considering limitations of the target device and characteristics of the application.
This document discusses optimizing a non-binary LDPC decoder implementation using high-level synthesis with Vivado HLS. It begins with an overview of non-binary LDPC codes and decoding algorithms. It then discusses the challenges of implementing an efficient LDPC decoder on an FPGA using HLS and the need for code refactoring and directives to optimize resource utilization and performance. The document provides guidelines for mapping the decoding algorithm to HLS C code and optimizing the implementation through techniques like loop unrolling and pipelining. It shows that a naive implementation provides limited performance but tuned optimizations can achieve performance comparable to hand-coded RTL.
DryadLINQ allows users to write LINQ queries over distributed data using Dryad for execution. It provides serialization for data types and factories, channel readers and writers for communication between vertices, and context for LINQ queries to run over distributed data and channels. Ongoing research includes performance modeling, scheduling, profiling, incremental computation, and hardware optimizations.
I presented this talk a while back, at S4 Fall 2012.
S4 is a San Francisco/Bay Area local meetup event for security professionals. Check out the past events here.
http://s4con.blogspot.com/
This document provides an overview of various scientific programming models for distributed computing. It introduces reference parallel programming models like MPI and OpenMP, and discusses their strengths and weaknesses. Novel programming models are also covered, such as Microsoft Dryad, MapReduce, and COMP Superscalar (COMPSs). The document concludes that while scientific problems are complex, reference models are often unsuitable, leading to new flexible models that aim to simplify programming workflows for distributed systems.
This document proposes a project to investigate using LLVM as a shader virtual machine for the RenderMan Shading Language (RSL). The goals are to compile RSL to LLVM bitcode, implement runtime support including just-in-time compilation and optimization, and explore LLVM's performance and functionality for shader VMs. Key aspects discussed include compiling RSL to LLVM IR, handling built-in functions, runtime JIT compilation and specialization, code generation strategies like SPMD and SIMD, and interfacing RSL and LLVM. The current status and projected timeline are also presented.
Low power ldpc decoder implementation using layer decodingajithc0003
This document proposes a low-power LDPC decoder implementation using layered decoding. It discusses how LDPC codes can be used for reliable data transmission and are finding increasing use. It describes layered decoding as an efficient approach that can decrease power consumption. The proposed method is vectored layer decoding, which overcomes limitations of traditional layered decoding. It involves encoding data using an LDPC generator matrix derived from the parity check matrix. Simulations were conducted to generate the generator matrix and encode data. The goal is to efficiently implement a low-power LDPC decoder using this vectored layer decoding approach.
Building High-Performance Language Implementations With Low EffortStefan Marr
This talk shows how languages can be implemented as self-optimizing interpreters, and how Truffle or RPython go about to just-in-time compile these interpreters to efficient native code.
Programming languages are never perfect, so people start building domain-specific languages to be able to solve their problems more easily. However, custom languages are often slow, or take enormous amounts of effort to be made fast by building custom compilers or virtual machines.
With the notion of self-optimizing interpreters, researchers proposed a way to implement languages easily and generate a JIT compiler from a simple interpreter. We explore the idea and experiment with it on top of RPython (of PyPy fame) with its meta-tracing JIT compiler, as well as Truffle, the JVM framework of Oracle Labs for self-optimizing interpreters.
In this talk, we show how a simple interpreter can reach the same order of magnitude of performance as the highly optimizing JVM for Java. We discuss the implementation on top of RPython as well as on top of Java with Truffle so that you can start right away, independent of whether you prefer the Python or JVM ecosystem.
While our own experiments focus on SOM, a little Smalltalk variant to keep things simple, other people have used this approach to improve peek performance of JRuby, or build languages such as JavaScript, R, and Python 3.
This document discusses implementing concurrency abstractions for programming multi-core embedded systems in Scheme. It describes modifying the Bit Scheme interpreter to support the event-driven XMOS chip. New primitives were added for message passing, I/O, and time to exploit the chip's concurrency. The modified interpreter and compiler allow hardware to be programmed from Scheme and were demonstrated with an LED pulse width modulation application.
1. CUDA provides a programming environment and APIs that allow developers to leverage GPUs for general purpose computing. The CUDA C API offers both a high-level runtime API and a lower-level driver API.
2. CUDA programs define kernels that execute many parallel threads on the GPU. Threads are organized into blocks that can cooperate through shared memory, and blocks are organized into grids.
3. The CUDA memory model includes a hierarchy from fast per-thread registers to slower shared, global, and host memories. This hierarchy allows threads within blocks to communicate efficiently through shared memory.
Vishwanath Swamy is an experienced Electronics and Communication Engineering professional seeking a career opportunity where he can contribute his 3.5 years of experience in research and development. He is currently working as an Engineer Research and Development at Indian Telephone Industries in Bangalore. He has expertise in areas such as FPGA programming using Verilog and VHDL, system verification, DDR3, and layout design using Cadence tools. He is a quick learner, self-motivated, and has strong analytical and problem-solving skills. His previous projects include work on next-generation networks and programmable multiplexers for the Indian Army and Indian Railways.
Madeo - a CAD Tool for reconfigurable HardwareESUG
This document discusses Madeo, a CAD tool for programming reconfigurable hardware using an object-oriented methodology. Madeo was developed over 10 years and allows describing circuits as objects in a high-level language. It supports various reconfigurable architectures by modeling them and can generate configuration bitstreams. The tool aims to improve on existing solutions by providing retargetability, exploiting flexibility of reconfigurable hardware, and applying principles like code reuse and portability through a virtual machine-like approach. The document outlines key aspects of Madeo like its architecture modeling, compilation flow, and results demonstrating its capabilities on different targets. It also discusses lessons learned like using meta-modeling for evolution and interchange support.
OpenGL - point & line design
introduce the construction of displayers (CRT, Flat-panel, LCD, PDP, projector...)
those render is based on graphic skills (point & line)
Scalability for All: Unreal Engine* 4 with Intel Intel® Software
Unreal Engine* 4 is a high-performance game engine for game developers. Learn how Intel and Epic Games* worked together to improve engine performance both for CPUs and GPUs and how developers can take advantage of it.
High Performance FPGA Based Decimal-to-Binary Conversion SchemesSilicon Mentor
Here we represent high performance FPGA based decimal to binary conversion scheme to support BCD arithmetic based on binary hardware .The architecture presented here requires less LUTs as compare to others and delay is also reduced by the help of shifters in place of multipliers.
For more info visit us at:
http://www.siliconmentor.com/
This document summarizes a presentation given by Mihai Budiu on DryadLINQ and cloud computing. The presentation introduced DryadLINQ as an integration of LINQ queries with Dryad, Microsoft's data-parallel execution engine. This allows expressing data-parallel algorithms like joins, aggregations, and machine learning in a high-level language like C#, and having them automatically parallelized and run on a cluster. The document provides examples of expressing algorithms like histograms, word counting, and machine learning using DryadLINQ.
Similar to Resource to Performance Tradeoff Adjustment for Fine-Grained Architectures ─A Design Methodology (20)
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying AheadWask
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Skybuffer AI: Advanced Conversational and Generative AI Solution on SAP Busin...Tatiana Kojar
Skybuffer AI, built on the robust SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP), is the latest and most advanced version of our AI development, reaffirming our commitment to delivering top-tier AI solutions. Skybuffer AI harnesses all the innovative capabilities of the SAP BTP in the AI domain, from Conversational AI to cutting-edge Generative AI and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). It also helps SAP customers safeguard their investments into SAP Conversational AI and ensure a seamless, one-click transition to SAP Business AI.
With Skybuffer AI, various AI models can be integrated into a single communication channel such as Microsoft Teams. This integration empowers business users with insights drawn from SAP backend systems, enterprise documents, and the expansive knowledge of Generative AI. And the best part of it is that it is all managed through our intuitive no-code Action Server interface, requiring no extensive coding knowledge and making the advanced AI accessible to more users.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
This presentation provides valuable insights into effective cost-saving techniques on AWS. Learn how to optimize your AWS resources by rightsizing, increasing elasticity, picking the right storage class, and choosing the best pricing model. Additionally, discover essential governance mechanisms to ensure continuous cost efficiency. Whether you are new to AWS or an experienced user, this presentation provides clear and practical tips to help you reduce your cloud costs and get the most out of your budget.
Public CyberSecurity Awareness Presentation 2024.pptx
Resource to Performance Tradeoff Adjustment for Fine-Grained Architectures ─A Design Methodology
1. Resource to Performance Tradeoff
Adjustment for Fine-Grained Architectures
─A Design Methodology
Fahad Islam Cheema, Zain-Ul-Abdin,
Professor Bertil Svensson
Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
2. Engr. Fahad Islam Cheema
4-Year Bachelor in Computer Engineering (BCE) from COMSATS Lahore in 2006
2-Year Industrial Experience as Embedded Software/System Engineer in Lahore
and Islamabad
Five Rivers Technologies Lahore
Streaming Networks Islamabad
Delta Indus Systems Lahore
Masters in Computer System Engineering from Halmstad University of Sweden in
2009
Masters standalone thesis accepted for publication in FPGAWorld 2010 international
conference
www.fpgaworld2010.com
Copenhagen, Denmark in September,10
1-Year Academic Experience
Halmstad University Sweden
LUMS Lahore
Bahria University Islamabad
2
3. Engr. Fahad Islam Cheema
3-Year Experience (Embedded Systems)
2-year Industrial (Streaming Networks)
1-Year Academic
Universities (Halmstad, LUMS, Bahria)
Courses
Linux Programming and shell Scripting, Administration of OS, Databases
Embedded Systems
System Programming
17-Year Education (Computer Engineering)
Masters From Sweden
Computer Engineering from COMSATS
Specialization in Embedded Systems
PEC # Comp/6774
1 Publication
Masters thesis accepted for publication in FPGAWorld2010 3
4. Resource to Performance Tradeoff
Adjustment for Fine-Grained Architectures
─A Design Methodology
Fahad Islam Cheema, Zain-Ul-Abdin,
Professor Bertil Svensson
Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
5. Agenda
Overview and Problem Definition
Main Idea
Experimental Setup
Mitrion Parallel Architecture
Interpolation Kernels
Parallelization Levels
Conclusions
Future Work
5
6. Overview
Motivation
Computation intensive algorithms
Fine grained architectures
Problem Definition
Parallelism
Resource to Performance Tradeoffs
Hardware/logic gates to performance tradeoffs
Memory to performance tradeoffs
6
10. Main Idea
Parallelism Levels
BitLevel Parallelism (BLP)
Kernel Level Parallelism (KLP)
Problem Level Parallelism (PLP)
Maximum parallelism at one level is not ultimate
solution
Customized parallelism at different levels
Can better adjust Resource-performance tradoffs
Gates-performance tradeoff
10
11. Main idea (Conti.)
Maximum parallelism at one level is not ultimate
solution
Combine parallelism at different parallelism levels to
produce parallelization levels
Parallelization Levels
Single Kernel (SKZ)
Cross Kernel (CKZ)
Multi-SKZ
Multi-CKZ
Figure-3: Parallelism and Parallelization
Levels
11
12. Experimental Setup
Computation intensive algorithms
Interpolation Kernels
Fine Grained Architecture
FPGA
Fine Grained Parallelism
Mitrion virtual processor
Extract fine grained parallelism
Mitrion-C high level language (HLL)
Hardware Platform
Cray XD1 Supercomputer with Vertex-4 FPGA
12
13. Interpolation Kernels
What is interpolation
Process of calculating new values within the range of
available values [1]
Cubic interpolation
Bi-cubic interpolation
Applying cubic in 2D
5 cubic kernels
Figure-4: 2D Interpolation
13
14. Mitrion Parallel Architecture
Mitrion Virtual Processor (MVP)
Fine-Grained, Soft-Core Processor
Almost 60 IP blocks defined in HDL [2]
Non von-neumann architecture
Mitrion-C
HLL for FPGA
Data dependence instead of order-of-execution
Parallelism Language Constructs [3]
Pipelining
14
15. Parallelization Levels
Single Kernel
Parallelization (SKZ)
Only kernel level
parallelism (KLP)
All data independent
blocks are internally
parallel but externally
pipelined
Figure-5: SKZ
15
16. Parallelization Levels (Conti.)
Cross Kernel
Parallelization (CKZ)
Extend kernel by Mixing
more than one kernels
Replicate computation
intensive data
independent blocks
Resource computation
balance
Figure-6: CKZ
16
18. Parallelization Levels (Conti.)
Multi-CKZ
Replicate kernels which
already have CKZ
d0 d0 P01 d0 P01
P01
d1 d1 d1
D values P12 D values P12 D values P12
d2 d2 d2
P23 d3 P23 d3 P23
d3
d0 d0 P01 d0 P01
a P01 a a
d1 d1 d1
Read from Read from Read from
D values P12 D values P12 D values P12
Memory Memory Memory
d2 d2 d2
b b P23 b P23
d3 P23 d3 d3
Go for Go for Go for
next next next
iteration iteration iteration
p02 p02 p02
Write to Write to Write to
P03 P03 P03
Memory Memory Memory
p13 p13 p13
p02 p02 p02
P03 P03 P03
p13 p13 p13
d0 d0 P01 d0
P01 P01
d1 d1 d1
D values P12 D values P12 D values P12
d2 d2 d2
P23 d3 P23 P23
d3 d3
d0 d0 P01 d0
a P01 a a P01
d1 d1 d1
Read from Read from Read from
D values P12 D values P12 D values P12
Memory Memory Memory
d2 d2 d2
b b P23 b
d3 P23 d3 d3 P23
Go for Go for Go for
next next next
iteration iteration iteration
p02 p02 p02
Write to Write to Write to
P03 P03 P03
Memory Memory Memory
p13 p13 p13
p02 p02 p02
P03 P03 P03
p13 p13 p13
Figure-8:Multi-CKZ
18
20. Conclusions
Specific conclusions
For very limited resources, SKZ is better
CKZ is better for applications with high unbalanced computation
distribution
SKZ and CKZ are better for large size applications
Multi-CKZ can provide high level of parallelism at cost of design
complexity
Multi-SKZ and Multi-CKZ are attractive for small size Real-Time
applications
Using parallelization levels
Can adjust trade-offs
Can achieve highly custom parallelism
Mix of parallelization levels can produce
Application-specific parallelism
Resource-specific parallelism
20
21. Future Work
Automation of parallelization levels
Parallelization levels to deal with other tradeoffs
Generalized parallelization levels for all
application
Generalized parallelization levels for graphical
processors to adjust tradeoffs
Floating point and accuracy
21