There are four main types of tissues in the body: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue forms protective layers and lines body cavities and organs. Connective tissue binds organs together, provides structure and support, stores fat, transports substances, and repairs tissue damage. Muscular tissue contains three types of muscle - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle - that produce movement, maintain posture, and generate heat. Nervous tissue is made up of neurons and neuroglia found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves to coordinate body functions and activities.

1. TISSUE
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
MABM 0114
SEM 1 /YEAR 1
PN NOR AINI

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVE
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
 List the body's four major tissue types and describe their roles.
 State the types and functions of epithelial cells.
 Expalin the structures and functions of the various types of
connective tissues.
 State how epithelial and connective tissues combine to form four
types of membranes and specify the functions of each.
 State the three types of muscle tissue and the special structural
features of each.

3. Introduction
Tissue is a group of cells that have
similar structure and that function
together as a unit.
 There are 4 main type of tissue
 Epithelial tissue
 Connective tissue
 Muscular tissue
 Nervous tissue

5. Epithelial Tissue
 They form the covering of all body
surface, line body cavities and hollow
organs and are the major tissue gland.
 Rapid reproduction of cell.
 Function :-
1. Secretion
2. Absorption
3. Protection
4. Filtration

7. Simple Squamous Epithelium
 Single layer of flat cell.
 Lines heart, blood vessels, air sac of lung,
glomerular capsule of kidney, inner surface of
tympanic membrane and forms epithelial layer
of serous membrane.
 Function: Filtration, diffusion, osmosis, and
secretion in serous membrane.

9. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
 Single layer of cube-
shape cells.
 Found in glandular
tissue and kidney
tubule.
 Function :
Secretion and
absorption.

10. Simple Columnar Epithelium
 Ciliated and nonciliated
 Ciliated
 Layer of ciliated column like, contain goblet
cell in some locations.
 Found in upper respiratory tract, uterine tube
 Function : Moves mucus and other
substances by ciliary action.

12. Simple Columnar Epithelium (cont.)
 Nonciliated
 Layer of nonciliated column like cell.
 Found GIT, ducts of many gland.
 Function : secretion and absorption.

13. Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
Consist of Cilia
Function
Cilia sweap the dust out
.to prevent the dust go
into the lung
- Helps in movement
of : Ovam , sperm in
fallpian tube

14. Transitional Epithelium
 Appearance is
variable, shape of
cell from squamous
to cuboidal.
 Location : Urinary
bladder, portion of
ureters and urethra.
 Function : Permits
distension.

15. Connective Tissue : Structure:

16. Connective Tissue (cont.)
 Highly vascular – rich of blood supply.
Except cartilage – avascular and tendons
with scanty blood supply.
 Types of connective tissue :
 Loose Connective Tissue
 Adipose Tissue
 Dense Connective Tissue
 Elastic Connective Tissue
 Cartilage
 Bone Tissue
 Blood tissue and lymph.

17. Connective Tissue
 Areolar C T Adipose Fibrous

18. Connective Tissue : Function
 Connective tissue bind organs together.
 Form a framework and support for organs
and the body as whole.
 Store fat.
 Transport substance.
 Protect against disease.
 Help repair tissue damage.

19. Muscular Tissue
Structure :
 Consist of elongated cells called muscle
fibers that can use ATP to generate force.
 Usually arrange in bundle and layers that
surrounded by connective tissue.
 The tissue is highly cellular and well
supply with blood vessel.

20. Type of Muscle Tissue
Skeletal muscle
tissue
 Attached to the bones
of the skeleton.
 Cylindrical,
multinucleated,
striated and under
voluntary control.

22. Type of Muscle Tissue
Cardiac muscle tissue
 Most of the wall of the
heart.
 Branched striated
fibers, one or two
nucleus.
 Involuntary.
 Function: Pump blood
to all parts of the
body.

23. Type of Muscle Tissue
Smooth muscle tissue
 Non-striated, small,
thickest in the middle and
tapering at the end.
 Location : Hollow
internal structures such as
blood vessel – blood
vessel, airway to the lung,
the stomach, intestine,
gallbladder, and urinary
bladder.
 Involuntary.
 Function : Motion.

25. Muscular Tissue :Function
 Produces body movement.
 Maintain posture.
 Generate heat.
 Protection.

26. Nervous Tissue
 Consist of neuron (nerve cell) and
neuroglia.
 Location: Brain, spinal cord and
nerves.
 (Nervous system)
 Function :
1. Sensitivity to various types of stimuli.
2. Responsible coordinating and
controlling many body activities.

27. Nerve cells
 Generate and
conduct impulses.
 Nerve cells have 3
part :-
1. Dendrite
2. The cell body
3. One axon

29. Nerve cells