After installing the TEMS software and opening the data collection window, the document discusses setting up a workspace to save drive test windows and make future tests less tedious. It then covers opening various windows needed for a 3G drive test like the serving cell information, neighbors, radio parameters, layer 3 messages, and throughput charts. Key aspects of each window are defined, such as what the active set, cell ID, scrambling code, and other parameters represent. Finally, it briefly touches on hard and soft handovers between frequencies and nodes.

1. Workspace
 After installing TEMS and opening the Data
collection window we need to create a
workspace so, that we can save the windows
for 3G drive test, saving us from tedious work
of opening it every time we want to collect
drive data.
 We need to open a new worksheet for the
same and the procedure has been shown in
the following slide.

2. Workspace

3. Worksheet
 Once we have opened a new worksheet, we
will start with a map which shows us our
current location and also guides us the area
and the roads we need to cover with the help
of GPS.
 It also displays all our Node B’s.

4. Map Window
 Select presentation on the information bar.
 Go to positioning and select map.

5. Cellfile Load
 To see the NodeBs installed in the operator’s
network we need to add the cellfile to our Map.
Following are the steps for same –
 Go to configuration on the tools bar.
 Select General.
 Select Cellfile Load.
 Go to ADD and select the required cellfile.
Following slide shows the same-

6. Loading Cellfile
Select
General
Cellfile Load

7. Vectors
Open Map
Layer Control

8. Vectors
 In the above snapshot select the second icon
from left which shows “open map” and browse
for vectors.
 Select the vectors and put them on the map to
show the roads highways, railways etc.
 We can also remove and add things by going
to “Layer control” option on top of the map
toolbar.

9. Workspace
 Now we will see various windows we need to open for
3G drive test.
 3G stands for 3rd Generation.
 In technical terms it is also known as WCDMA
 WCDMA – Wide Band Code Division Multiple Access.
 It is called WCDMA because it uses code division
multiple access on a large bandwidth of 5MHz.
 This 5MHz frequency is further divided into 512
Scrambling codes.
 Before going into further details lets see the windows we
need to open for drive test -

10. Serving/Active Set + Neighbors

11. Layer 3 Messages

12. Radio Parameters

13. WCDMA HSPA/GSM Data Line
Chart

14. GSM Neighbors

15.  We can see a lot of aspects of 3G with the use
of the windows we have opened for data
colletion.

16. Serving/Active Set + Neighbors
 This window contains a lot of aspects of 3G
and has a lot to be explained –
 Cell I.D – This is the identity or name given to
a particular Node B and its cell by the
operator.
 UARFCN – It is the frequency band allotted to
the operator. One spectrum bandwidth is of
5MHz in WCDMA or 3G.This window shows
us the centre frequency of the bandwidth
allotted to the operator.

17. Serving/Active Set + Neighbors
 Cell Name – It is the name given to particular
Node B’s by the operator generally along the
lines of the name of the area the Node B is
located in.
 Scrambling Code – Scrambling code is a
code assigned to a particular cell. There are
512 such codes for the network to differentiate
among different Node B’s and these codes can
be repetitive. They are of two types primary
and secondary.

18. Serving/Active Set + Neighbors
 AS – This stands for Active Set. Active Set is
the set of Scrambling Code which the U.E is
currently latched on and there can be a
maximum of 6 Scrambling codes in Active Set.
 MN – MN Stands for monitored neighbor i.e
the neighbor cell that is detected by the U.E as
a neighbor and is also defined as a neighbor in
the network. U.E will initiate a Handover onto
the monitored neighbor in case the monitored
neighbor has a stronger Rx level than the AS.

19. Serving/Active Set + Neighbors
 DN - DN stands for Detected Neighbor and as
the name suggests it is the neighbor detected
by the UE but, is not defined in our network .
Hence, the U.E does not handover to the
detected neighbor. It can be because of
Overshooting of a site, incomplete neighbor
list or in case of a new site. It is very important
to optimize and have no DN’s as they are one
of the major reasons of Call drops in 3G.

20. Radio Parameters
 CPICH Ec/No – Common Pilot channel Ec/No
is the ratio of energy of the chip and the
combined power of all the signals including the
pilot itself received by the UE at that particular
point. It is a very important factor for call
quality.
 CPICH RSCP – Received Signal Code Power
is the level of the signal received by the U.E
from a particular pilot.

21. Radio Parameters
Radio parameters are the parameters of a Mobile
equipment –
Tx Power – As the name suggests it is the
transmitting power of a Mobile Station. Its value
can vary from
-50 to 50. The minimum the Tx power of the Mobile
station the better it is for call quality.
UTRA Carrier RSSI - It is the Received Signal
Strength Indicator of the Mobile Station or the
U.E. It tells us the total Power Received by the
Mobile Station from all the Pilots including itself at
that particular location.

22. Radio Parameters
 SIR – It is the signal to interference Ratio is
the ratio of Energy in the DPCC(Dedicated
Physical Control Channel) to that of the
interference and noise received by the U.E.
 Target SIR – It is the target Signal to
Interference ratio that Mobile Equipment is
supposed to achieve by increasing or
decreasing its power. It is set by the use of
Power Control procedure.

23. Radio Parameters
 SQI - It is the speech Quality Index which is a
parameter to rate the voice Quality on that
particular call. It ranges from 0 – 30 with 30
being the best quality.
 RRC State – It tells the current state and
channel as in Idle or dedicated.
 Mode – It is the mode that we are using GSM
or WCDMA.

24. Layer 3 Messages
 Layer 3 Messages are the messages on the
Uu interface i.e between Mobile station and
the Node B.

25. GSM Neighbors
 This window is very helpful in case of 2G – 3G
Handovers as we can see all the 2G neighbors
of that particular 3G cell in the compressed
mode state which would be explained later on.

26. HSPA/GSM Line Chart
 This window gives us the data speed for both
3G and 2G modes depending on which mode
the mobile equipment is.
 RLC DL Throughput – This is the total
throughput on the downlink at that particular
point.
 The speed shown in this window as
throughput is in Kilobits/sec.

27. Active Window

28. Handovers
In UMTS there are the following type of Handovers-
Intra Frequency Handovers-
 Softer Handover – The HO’s that take place
between any sectors of the same node B come
under this category.
 Soft Handover – The HO’s that take place
between different Node Bs running on same
frequency are called soft HOs.
Inter Frequency Handover-
 Hard Handover – The HO’s that take place
between Node Bs running on different
frequencies. HOs from 2G-3G fall under this
category.

29. Active Set Update
 In 3G there can be six pilots in the active set. But, we
generally set it at maximum of three(depends on the
operator) to avoid Pilot pollution. In case of soft
Handover all the cells which are in MN can be entered
into Active set but, only till the maximum limit of three.
This procedure of soft HO from monitored to Active set
is called Active set update.

30. Active Set Update(Soft HO)
Monitored Neighbor
Current Location

31. Active Set Update(Soft HO)
Current Location
Added to Active Set
Active Set
Update