This document discusses OpenFlow, an open standard that enables the separation of the control plane from the forwarding plane in network devices like switches and routers. It describes several OpenFlow controllers that have been developed including NOX, Trema, Beacon, Floodlight, Maestro, and Nettle. It also provides details on the OpenFlow protocol specification and benchmarking tools for evaluating controller performance like Cbench. Finally, it mentions Onix, a distributed control platform that uses a network information base and one-hop database to manage network topology and forwarding rules across multiple servers.

1. OpenFlow
(osho@galibier.org)
@oshothebig

2. •
• OpenFlow
• OpenFlow
•
•
•

3. • (Twitter: oshothebig)
•
•
•
• , GMPLS, VLAN Tag Swapped
Ethernet, , etc.

4. OpenFlow
• 4, 5
• Galibier OpenFlow Controller
•
• 300 Java OpenFlow
(http://bit.ly/qXoMGM)
• OpenFlow Java
(http://bit.ly/pbI3Or)

5. OpenFlow
• NOX (Nicira)
• Trema (NEC)
• Beacon (David Erickson, Stanford University)
• Floodlight (BigSwitch Networks?)
• Maestro (Rice University)
• Nettle (Yale University)

6. NOX
• Nicira Networks
• http://noxrepo.org/
• C++/Python
• GPLv3
•

7. Trema
• NEC
• https://github.com/trema/trema
• C/Ruby
• GPLv2
•
•

8. Beacon
• David Erickson (Stanford University)
• http://www.beaconcontroller.net/
• Java
• GPL v2 and the Stanford University FOSS License
Exception v1.0
• , Web
• 2011/9/12 Ver. 1.0.0

9. Floodlight
• Big Switch Networks?
• http://www.openflowhub.org/display/Floodlight/
Floodlight+is+a+Java-based+OpenFlow+Controller
• Java
• Apache License
• git://github.com/bigswitch/floodlight.git
•

10. Beacon Floodlight
• Floodlight Beacon
• OSS OSGi
• Big Switch Networks
• git://github.com/bigswitch/BeaconMirror.git ( )
• git://github.com/bigswitch/floodlight.git

11. Maestro
• Rice University
• http://code.google.com/p/maestro-platform/
• Java
• LGPL v2.1
• DAG

12. Nettle
• Yale University
• http://haskell.cs.yale.edu/?page_id=376
• Haskell
• BSD3
• Nettle: Functional Reactive Programming of OpenFlow
Networks
http://haskell.cs.yale.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/
NettlePADL2011.pdf

13. OpenFlow

14. Applicatioin Application
API
Controller
OpenFlow
Open vSwitch Switch

15. OpenFlow
• Ver. 1.0.0
http://www.openflow.org/documents/openflow-spec-
v1.0.0.pdf
Header
ver. type length xid payload
22

16. • Symmetric Message
• Hello, Echo, ,
• Controller/Switch Message
• , ,
• Async Message
• Packet in, ,

17. Switch Controller

18. Switch Controller

19. Switch Controller
HELLO
HELLO

20. Switch Controller
HELLO
HELLO
FEATURE_REQUEST
FEATURE_REPLY

21. Switch Controller

22. Switch Controller
ECHO_REQUEST
ECHO_REPLY

23. Switch Controller
ECHO_REQUEST
ECHO_REPLY
ECHO_REQUEST
ECHO_REPLY

24. Switch Controller

25. Switch Controller

26. Switch Controller
PACKET_IN

27. Switch Controller
PACKET_IN
PACKET_OUT or FLOW_MOD

28. Galibier OpenFlow Controller
•
• Mac
• Java
• OpenFlow : openflowj
• IO: Netty
• http://github.com/oshothebig/galibier

30. •
•
• API

31. Header
ver. type length xid payload
22
• length (2 bytes)
• LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder

32. Controller
ChannelPipeline
OpenFlowControllerHandler OpenFlow
OpenFlowEncoder
OpenFlowDecoder
LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder
Netty Internal I/O Threads

33. OpenFlow
• → HELLO
• HELLO → FEATURE_REQUEST
• FEATURE_REPLY →
• ECHO_REQUEST → ECHO_REPLY
• ECHO_REQUEST

34. HELLO
private void handleHello(OFHello in) {
send(factory.getMessage(OFType.FEATURES_REQUEST));
}

35. API
• switchConnected(Switch sw)
• switchDisconnected(Switch sw)
• handlePacketIn(Switch sw, OFPacketIn msg)
• handleFlowRemoved(Switch sw, OFFlowRemoved msg)
• handlePortStatus(Switch sw, OFPortStatus msg)

36. Controller Performance ?
http://www.openflow.org/wk/index.php/
Controller_Performance_Comparisons

37. Benchmark for controller
• Cbench
http://www.openflow.org/wk/index.php/Oflops
Cbench Controller

38. Benchmark for controller
• Cbench
http://www.openflow.org/wk/index.php/Oflops
Cbench Controller
PACKET_IN
PACKET_OUT

39. Benchmark for controller
• Cbench
http://www.openflow.org/wk/index.php/Oflops
Cbench Controller
PACKET_IN
PACKET_OUT
PACKET_IN
PACKET_OUT

40. ChannelPipeline
OpenFlowBenchmarkHandler
OpenFlowEncoder
OpenFlowDecoder
LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder
Netty Internal I/O Threads

41. •
• OpenFlow
• Open vSwitch
•
• API

42. •
•
• OpenFlow
• Logically centralized

43. Onix
• OSDI’10
Onix: A Distributed Control Platform for Large-scale
Production Networks
http://www.usenix.org/event/osdi10/tech/full_papers/
Koponen.pdf
• Nicira Networks, Google, NEC
•

44. Onix
Server 1 Server N
Network Control Logic Network Control Logic
NIB NIB
Onix
Switch Import / Export Distribution I / E Distribution I / E Switch Import / Export
Management Connectivity Network Infrastructure
Managed Physical Network Infrastructure
Figure 1: There are four components in an Onix controlled
network: managed physical infrastructure, connectivity

45. Onix
• Network Information Base (NIB)
•
Forwarding 1 n Forwarding Category
Host Link
Table
Engine
Query
Create, dest
1
2
Network Node
1 n
Port
Access attri
Notification
Figure 2: The default network entity classes provided by Synchronize
• Onix’s API. Solid lines represent inheritance,DB dashed lines
while
Configuratio
correspond to referential relation between entity instances. The
numbers on the dashed lines show the quantitative mapping
• Transactional(e.g., one Linkdatabase Ports, and two
relationship persistent maps to two Pull
Ports can map to the same Link). Nodes, ports and links
• One-hop, eventually-consistent, memory-only DHT
constitute the network topology. All entity classes inherit the
same base class providing generic key-value pair access. Table 1: Fu

46. OpenFlow
•
• OpenFlow
• OpenFlow
•
• API
• =OS

47. • OpenFlow
• OpenFlow
• OpenFlow
• Onix
•

48. Thank you!
osho@galibier.org