1. ‫اﻟﻌﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫م‬
U‡‡‡OKFë U‡‡‡Ý«—bë W‡‡OKÂ
WOzUM'« WëbFë r Á
ôULJ²Ý« ÂbIÄ Y×ÐÎdO² łU*« Wł—œ vKŽ ‰uB(« U³KD²*
WOzUM'« WÝUO ë hB ð WOzUM'« WëbFë w
œ«bŽ≈
Êö?O? ?Ž b?L?×?Ä d?L?Ž sÐ WÄUÝ√
·«d??‡??‡??‡?ý≈
w?½d?I?ë b?L?×Ä sÐ vÝuÄ Æœ
÷U??¹d?ë
Â≤∞∞¥ ‡ ‡??????¼±¥≤¥
‫اﻟﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺔ‬
‫و‬‫اﻟﻘﻮ‬‫اﻟﻮ‬ ‫اﻧﲔ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺪول‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬‫ﺑﻴﺔ‬
Â≤∞∞¥‡‡?¼±¥≤¥÷U?¹d?ë‡?‡?‡?‡Êö?O??Žb?L?×?Äd?L?Žs?ÐW?ÄU?Ý√Øœ«b?Ž≈‡?‡?‡?‡W?O?Ðd?Fë‰ËbëiFÐwUNðUIO³DðËWOF{uë5½«uIëËWOÄöÝù«WF¹dAëwWMN*«dÃWOzUM'«W¹UL(«

2. ‫اﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮم‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
‫آ‬‫ـــ‬‫ﻠـﻴ‬‫ــــ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ــــ‬‫ـﺪراﺳ‬‫ـــ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻴـﺎ‬ ‫ـﺎت‬
‫ﻗ‬‫ــ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﻢ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ـ‬‫ـﺪاﻟ‬‫ــ‬‫اﻟﺠﻨـﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﺺ‬
‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻘﻮاﻧﲔ‬‫اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻘﻮاﻧﲔ‬‫اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻘﻮاﻧﲔ‬‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪول‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪول‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪول‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬
‫اﻟﺠﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪاﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻋـــﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻋﺴﻴﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﲣﺼﺺ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺟﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﳝﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬) :4200024(
‫اﻟﺪآﺘﻮر‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺎدة‬ ‫إﺷﺮاف‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬
1423/1424‫ﻫـ‬

3. ‫ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﻏﻠﻰ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬
‫واﻟﺪاي‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬}‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫رﺣﻤﻬﻤﺎ‬{
،‫ﺟﻨﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﻴﺢ‬ ‫وأﺳﻜﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫زوﺟﺘﻲ‬ ‫وإﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﺔ‬}‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ‬{،
،‫أﺑﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫وإﻟﻰ‬‫وﺻﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬
‫دراﺳﺘﻲ‬ ‫أﺛﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻟﻲ‬ ‫وﺗﺤﻤﻞ‬.
)‫أ‬(
)‫ب‬(

4. ‫ﺑﺠﻤ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫أﺷﻜﺮ‬‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫أداء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻌﻢ‬ ‫وﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻴﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﻜﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ورﺣﻤﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫وﻟﻮﻻ‬ ،‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫وإآﻤﺎل‬.
‫اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺪي‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﺮ‬ ‫أﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫إﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬)‫اﷲ‬ ‫رﺣﻤﻬﻤﺎ‬(‫ﺑﺘﺮﺑﻴﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬
‫وﻳﺮﺣﻤﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﻔﺮ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺳﺄل‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻲء‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﺑﺬﻟﻮا‬‫اﻷﺑﺮار‬ ‫رﺣﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫واﻟﻘﺎدر‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻟﻲ‬ ‫إﻧﻪ‬ ‫آﺮاﻣﺘﻪ‬ ‫دار‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫وﻳﺠﻤﻌﻨﻲ‬.
‫اﻟﺪآﺘﻮر‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺎدة‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺸﺮﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻣﺘﻨﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫وﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﺮي‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫أﻋﺒﺮ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫وأود‬:‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻜﺮ‬ ‫آﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮﻧﻲ‬
‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﺮ‬ ً‫ا‬‫وأﺧﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ودﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺪﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻜﺮ‬‫اﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﺎﺑﻊ‬.
‫ﻣﺠﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫إﻧﻪ‬ ، ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎدﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺰي‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﺰى‬...‫اﷲ‬ ‫وﺻﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.
‫اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬/‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺴﻴﻼن‬
)‫ﺝ‬(

5. ‫ْﻢ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﱠﺣ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﱠﺣﻤﻦ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠﻳﺎ‬ ‫اﻟدراﺳﺎت‬ ‫آﻠﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺴــ‬‫ﻢ‬:‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﳕﻮﺫﺝ‬)26(
‫ﲣ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺼﺺ‬:‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬⎣‫ﺟﺴﺘﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬⎣‫ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬
:‫ـﻌﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿـ‬ ‫ـﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘـ‬ ‫ـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـ‬ ‫ـﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸـ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨـ‬ ‫ـﺮ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻟﺴـ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴـ‬ ‫ـﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳـ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬.
:‫ﻋﺴﻴﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﻣﺔ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‬/‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﱐ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬
:
1(‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‬/‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﻣﻘﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺸﺮﻓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﱐ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬.
2(‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ‬/‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬ ،‫ﻋﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬.
3(‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‬/‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬ ،‫ﺃﲪﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺆﺍﺩ‬.
29/11/1424‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻫـ‬21/1/2004‫ﻡ‬
:‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﲤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﺷﻜﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﻨﺎﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬.
‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫أهﻤﻴﺔ‬:
1(‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓـﻖ‬ ‫ﻣـﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿـﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺻـﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﱐ‬.

6. 2(‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺿﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬‫ﻟﺘﻮﺿـﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻼ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﳜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﳏﻈﻮﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬.
3(‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘـﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﲝﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﻷﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬.
4(‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬.
:
1(‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬.
2(‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﲡﺮﱘ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺮﳝﺔ‬.
3(‫ﻭﻭﺟﻮ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺟﻮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻇﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬.
4(‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬.
:
1(‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
2(‫ﺇﻓﺸ‬ ‫ﲡﺮﱘ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺎﺀ‬
3(‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻤﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
4(‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﳚﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
5(‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺳـﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻬﻨﺘﻪ؟‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬
:‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﱪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬
‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ‬‫ﺳـﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴـﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‬.
:

7. 1(‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﺮﱘ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﻤﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﻳﻀـﺮ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ً‫ﺀ‬‫ﺳﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﺎﺋﻪ‬
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻤﻌﺔ‬.
2(‫ﺍﻷﺧﺒـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﲡ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﲝﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻠﻒ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺘﱪ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍﻋﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻮﺯ‬
‫ﻛﻔﻠـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴـﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﺮﱘ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻜﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺮﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬.
3(‫ﳍـﻢ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺁﻣـﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺮﺍﻗﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﲑﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﺘﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻘﻮ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻼﺋﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﶈﺎﻓﻈﺔ‬‫ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﲣﻮﻳﻔﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻯ‬.
4(‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺒﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ‬.
5(‫ﻧﻘـﺺ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣـﺚ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺃﻣـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺻﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺫﻳﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﺎﻛﻢ‬.

8. ‫ْﻢ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﱠﺣ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﱠﺣﻤﻦ‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻢ‬
College of Graduate Studies
Department: Crimiral tustice
Specializafion: Criminal Policy
THESIS ABSTRACT ⎣MA ⎣PH.D
Thesis Title: Criminal protection for trade secret in the Islamic law and
positivism laws and it's implimentation in some arab states.
prepared by: Osama Bin Omar moh. Osailan.
Supervisor: DR: Mousa Bin Moh. Al Qarni.
Thesis Defence Committee:-
1- Dr. Mousa Bin Moh. Al Qarni supervisor and reporter.
2- Proffessor Dr. Mohammed Bin Abdallah Arafa member.
3- Dr. Fouad Bin abdul Moneim Ahmed member.
Defence Date: 29/11/1424- 21/1/2004.
Research problem: It concentrates around studying the problematic of
trade secret through the trade employer himself from a side, and the other
one through the secret master and crises which come out as a result of
revealing the secret, and the ability of protecting trade secret.
From the criminal Side and it's figures in Islamic law comparing with
positivism laws.
Research Importance: 1- It shows and clear the Islamic law's regulation
concerning trade secret and recognizing the range of harmony and
difference between it and positivism laws. It also gives this subject it's
legal and lawful rooting.
2) as a result of great dangers because of the trade secret rveating. There
must be a study to lead to the importance of defending trade secret, and
punishment for those who neglect this protection.

9. 3) It increases the legal and cultural understanding for the empleyer and
inonviduals and shows them the legal and lawful protection for trade
secret.
4- It clears how to profit by appling studies through getting the judgment
point of view in a number of Arab States.
Research Objectives:
1- Dclaration of criminal protection of trade secret in Islamic law and
positivism laws.
2- Declaration of incriminating references of revealing trade secret in
Islamic law and positivism laws and clearing it's sides.
3- Decleration of revealing cases for trade secret as it should be and as
requird in Islmic law and positivism laws.
4- Dectaration of penalties which were based by Islamic law, and
positivism laws because of trade secret vevealing.
Research Hypotheses / Questins.
1- What is The meanirg of criminal protcction in Islamic law,
positivism law's ?
2- What are the sources of inciminating trade secret revealing in
islamic law, and Positivism laws?
3- What are the benefits which the Islamic law, and positivism laws
protect concerning trade secret.
4- What are the caces which is possible to reveal trade secret in
islamie, and positivism laws?
5- What are penalties comfirmed by Islamic laws and positivism laws
against who reveal his trade secret?
Research Methodology: it is based on the analysis invention method in
the lagal studies with reference to considered sources in the four jurists
Belief if it was possible. Also the descriptive inductive comparative
method through following trade secret proteotion in the positivism laws
campared with Islamic law. As for the applied part it is based on the
mothod of studying the case by analizing chosen problems and comparing
them with their equal in the writien part.
Main Results:

10. 1) Trade secret origin is To be kept secret and forbidden revealing If it
hurts honour and reputation or not.
2) Islam respet for private life. It is the man full rights to spreat secret
over his private affairs. and he himself is rquired to keep his secrets
hidden, and not revealed except emergencies Islam appointed man's
freedom in himself, housing, and all his own affairs.
3) The inspector responsibililies are
A- He inspects job owners.
B- He reminot them to keep their customers secrets.
C- He Join last two point with /god fearingness and fearing of his
punishment.
4) Keeping secrets in some cases ends sometimes as Islamic law decided
like hear say evedencebefore courts.Also giving collecting and telling
a bout crimes.
5) Rarity of judgement holdings towards trade secret revealing reflects
the researcher point of view that the rarity of legal and discipline
culture is the main reasons of trade secret revealing. Also keeping
sticking not to bringing suits before courts fearing of revealing secrets
in wide spread.

11. ‫اﻟﻤﻘـﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺧﻔـﻰ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺪ‬)ُ‫ﺮ‬ِ‫ﻬ‬ْ‫ﻈ‬ُ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻼ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ ِ‫ﺐ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﻐ‬ْ‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ﻢ‬ِ‫ﻟ‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ً‫ا‬‫ﺪ‬َ‫ﺣ‬َ‫أ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﻏ‬ ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬.‫ِﻻ‬‫إ‬ِ‫ﻦ‬َ‫ﻣ‬
ً‫ا‬‫َﺪ‬‫ﺻ‬َ‫ر‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﺧ‬ ْ‫ﻦ‬ِ‫ﻣ‬َ‫و‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻳ‬َ‫ﺪ‬َ‫ﻳ‬ ِ‫ﻦ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺑ‬ ْ‫ﻦ‬ِ‫ﻣ‬ ُ‫ﻚ‬ُ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻳ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻧ‬ِ‫ﺈ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ ٍ‫ل‬‫ُﻮ‬‫ﺳ‬َ‫ر‬ ْ‫ﻦ‬ِ‫ﻣ‬ ‫َﻰ‬‫ﻀ‬َ‫ﺗ‬ْ‫ر‬‫ا‬()1(
‫ـﺰ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳـــ‬ ‫ـﻪ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑـــ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ـﻞ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋـــ‬}ِ‫ﺴ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ َ‫ﻣ‬ ُ‫ﻢ‬ َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﻳ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬ ّ‫ﻠ‬‫َاﻟ‬‫و‬َ‫ن‬‫ﻮ‬ ُ‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ َ‫ﻣ‬َ‫و‬ َ‫ن‬‫ﱡو‬‫ﺮ‬{)2(
‫ـﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬‫ﺳــ‬ ‫ـﻞ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋــ‬:}ِ‫ر‬‫ُو‬‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﱡ‬‫ﺼ‬‫اﻟ‬ ِ‫ت‬‫َا‬‫ﺬ‬ ِ‫ﺑ‬ ٌ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻴ‬ ِ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻧ‬ِ‫إ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ ِ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ُوا‬‫ﺮ‬ َ‫ﻬ‬ْ‫ﺟ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫و‬َ‫أ‬ ْ‫ﻢ‬ُ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻟ‬ْ‫ﻮ‬ َ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﱡوا‬‫ﺮ‬ ِ‫ﺳ‬َ‫أ‬َ‫و‬{)3(
‫ﻓـﻼ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺑﻌـﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﲨﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﲑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﻮﺡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﳌﻦ‬ ‫ﳚﻮﺯ‬‫ﺑﻮﺍﺟـﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﳘﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺸﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻠﻊ‬ ‫ﳌﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻮﻍ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺻﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻲ‬0
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﱐ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻘﺮﻭﻧ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺪﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ‬)‫ﺍﳌ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻞ‬‫ﺍﻻﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻬﻨﻴﺔ‬(،‫ﻭﺍﶈﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ‬)4(
‫ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻄﻠﻌﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺘﻬﻢ‬
‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻬﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍﻋﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﻣ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬‫ﺣـﺮﺹ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺮﻳﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻉ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﳌﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ، ً‫ﺀ‬‫ﺟﺰﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﲜﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻬﻢ‬0
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲟﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻳﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﱴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ‬:
‫ﲤﻬﻴﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳـﺔ‬ ‫،ﻭﺃﳘﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﺙ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ،ﻭﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫،ﻭﳎﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫،ﻭﺗﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫،ﻭﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﰒ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬:
‫ﻣﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺣﺚ‬:
)1
(‫ﺍﻵﻳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬}26-27{.
)2
(‫ﺍﻵﻳﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬}19{.
)3
(‫ﺍﻵﻳﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬}13{.
)4
(‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ،‫ﺣﺴﲏ‬ ‫ﳒﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮ‬)‫ﺍﳋﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬(،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ،
1986‫ﺹ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬)764.(
Π

12. ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬:
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﲝﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﲬﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻤﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻷ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ‬‫ﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻣﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ‬ ‫ﲡﺮﱘ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﻪ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬‫ﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬.
‫ﻓﺮﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﶈﺎﻣﺎﺓ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺴﺎﺏ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀﺍﺕ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬.
‫ﻓﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺳﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎ‬.

13. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺎﺓ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬.
‫ﻓﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﲬﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ‬.
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬‫ﺜﺎﱐ‬:‫ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻡ‬.
‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻳﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺮﺭﺓ‬.
‫ﻓﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﲔ‬.
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬:
‫ﻣﻄﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳉ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬:

14. ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬:
‫ﻓﺮﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﻭﺁﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺍﻣﺔ‬‫ﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺪﳝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺪﻳﺜ‬ ‫ﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬.
‫ﻓﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬.

15. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺯﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻦ‬‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻱ‬.
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬:
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﺰﻣﻮﻥ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬.
‫ﻓﺮﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﱄ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﶈﺎﻣﻲ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺳ‬‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺮﻳﺔ‬:
‫ﻓﺮﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺩ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﺰﻣﻮﻥ‬.

16. ‫ﻓﺮﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﺰﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻥ‬‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﲝﻔﻆ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﳚﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬:
‫ﻣﻄﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬.
‫ﻓﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﶈﺎﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬.
‫ﻓﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻓﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬.
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﳉﺰﺍﺀ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺩﻳﱯ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﺪﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀ‬.

17. ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬.
‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺤﺚ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺴ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺧﲑ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺒﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﲞﺎﲤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬.
،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺄ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﲑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻮﺗﲏ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬‫ﺃﱐ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺴﱯ‬
،‫ﻭﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻌﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺪﺕ‬
‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺭﺟﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﲏ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬.‫ﺃﳍﻤﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺃﻧ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﺎﻭﺯ‬ ،‫ﻭﺭﺿﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻔﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺳﺒﻎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﺮﻙ‬‫ﺍﻟﻐﻔﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬.
‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫وﺻﻠﻰ‬

18. ‫اﻟﺘﻤﻬﻴﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺠﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﻃﺎر‬
‫ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬:
‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺍﺑﻌ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧﺎﻣﺴ‬:‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬‫ﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﺎﺩﺳ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻝ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﺎﺑﻌ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻣﻨ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬.

19. ‫اﻟﺘﻤﻬﻴﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺠﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﻃﺎر‬
‫ﺃﳘﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﲟﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺗﺴﺎﺅﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﻭﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﳎﺎﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻬﺎ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬:
‫ﻓﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﲑ‬ ‫ﺇﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﳛﺮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺷﻚ‬
‫ﺇﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﳛﺮﺻﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻷﺻﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺘﻴﺢ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭﻩ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻌ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﲑﻫﻢ‬‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺻﻌﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺘﱪ‬)5(
،
‫ﺗﺘﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻇﻬﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺗﻌﻘﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﻤﻮﺿ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﲤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻇﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﺷﻜﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬ ، ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﻨﺎﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻮﻝ‬ ، ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬
‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻗﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﳍﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬ‬ ‫ﻷﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﲰﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ،ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻼﺋﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻗﻮﺍﻝ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺻﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬
‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﱐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻠﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻠﺘﺰﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬
‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬:
‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﱪﺯ‬:
1.‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻴﺪ‬‫ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﱐ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺻﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬0
2.‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺧﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻮﺍﻗﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺿﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﺛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ‬
‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﳏﻈﻮﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﳜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬0
)1
(‫ﻁ‬ ،‫ﺩﻣﺸﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻮﻫﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ،‫ﺣﻮﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻈﺮ‬2،1407‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﻫـ‬)483.(

20. 3.‫ﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺬﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ، ‫ﺍﶈﺎﻣﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺍﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺍﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺐ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬.
4.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻴﺪ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻂ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﲝﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﻢ‬ ،‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﻷﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﳐﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﰒ‬.
5.‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺻﺪﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬:
‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺪﻑ‬:
1-‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬.
2-‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﲡﺮﱘ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﳉﺮﳝﺔ‬.
3-‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﲟﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻤﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬.
4-‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻇﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻭﺟﻮﺑ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺟﻮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬.
5-‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬‫ﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﳍﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ‬.
6-‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺍﺑﻌ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕ‬:
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬‫ﻭﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺸﻜﻠﺘﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﱪﺯ‬:

21. ‫ﺱ‬1(‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺱ‬2(‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﲡﺮﱘ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺱ‬3(‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌ‬ ‫ﲢﻤﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺑﺎﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺱ‬4(‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺱ‬5(‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﳚﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺱ‬6(‫ﻗﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭ‬
‫؟‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺘﻪ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧﺎﻣﺴ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬/‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﻈﺮﻳ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬.
‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﺘﺒﻊ‬
‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺘﱪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺌﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﻬﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎﺗﻪ‬.
‫ﻛﺎﻵﰐ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﻴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬:
‫ﻋﻨ‬،‫ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﻴﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬)‫ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬(‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺀ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﰒ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺐ‬ ‫ﲝﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﲜﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬/‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﲢﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺒﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻮﺭﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﺎﺩﺳ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻝ‬:

22. ‫ﺍﳌ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﺰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻬﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﲡﺮﱘ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻃﺒﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﳛﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺳﺘﺘﻨ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳉﺰﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺎﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﲢﻠﻴﻞ‬0
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﺎﺑﻌ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬:
‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺄﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻊ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺳﲑﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬‫ﻳﺘﻄﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﰒ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﲝﺚ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬)‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ‬ ، ‫ﺍﶈﺎﻣﲔ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬(0
‫ﺛ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺎﻣﻨ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬:
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺟﺪﺕ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﳍﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺎﳉﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺎﺀﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬:
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬)6(
:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬‫ﻷ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺍﺭ‬‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬:
)‫ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﲝﺚ‬–‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ‬-،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬1980‫ﻡ‬(
)1
(‫ﺍﻃﻠﻊ‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺠﺰﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬:
‫ﺃ‬-،‫ﴰﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﲔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻳﺪ،ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄﺒﻴﺐ،ﺃﺳﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬1987‫ﻡ‬.
‫ﺏ‬-‫ﳏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻃﺒﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ،‫ﻫﺎﺷﻢ‬ ‫ﻤﺪ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬1994‫ﻡ‬.
‫ﺝ‬-،‫ﻟﻠﻘﻀـﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻬـﺪ‬ ،‫ﺩﻛﺘـﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺳـﺎﻟﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻴـﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﱀ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪﱄ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬
،‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬1419‫ﻫـ‬.

23. ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬/‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺪﻑ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﲪﺪ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺣﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ‬
‫ﲤﻬﻴﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺃﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ‬:-
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻴﺔ‬0
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﱀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻍ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﺙ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬0
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﺙ‬0
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﺙ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬0
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﻭﺍﳉﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﺙ‬0
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬
‫ﻇﻬﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺤﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﰒ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﲟﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﲟﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻥ‬.
‫ﺫﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻳﺬﻫﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻊ‬‫ﻋﺎﺗﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﻨﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬
‫ﳏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬‫ﺗﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬.

24. ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﻨﺎﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺟﺰﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻷﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻇﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺮﺣﺖ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬/‫ﺳﻴﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﲪﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﺭﺍﺳﺘﲔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺔ‬:
)‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﴰـﺲ‬ ‫ﻋـﲔ‬ ‫ﺟـﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬1986‫ﻡ‬(
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬/‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﳉﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬:
1(‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﺰﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺮﻳﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺭﺩ‬
‫ﲢ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻄﺮﻳﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﺒﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺮﺡ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﺘﺰﻣﺔ‬.
2(‫ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺡ‬)310(‫ﺍﻟﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ً‫ﺀ‬‫ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺣﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﳍﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﱄ‬:
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬‫ﻇﻴﻔﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﲑ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﳚﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻓﺸﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺈﺣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﺮﺍﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﺒﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺎﻗﺐ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺘﲔ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺗﲔ‬.
‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺘﻔﻖ‬‫ﻛﺒﲑﺓ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺣﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻣﲏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﲣﺘﻠﻒ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬:

25. )‫ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﲝﺚ‬–‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ‬–1991‫ﻡ‬(
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻠﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬.
‫ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‬:‫ﺣﺎﻓﻆ‬ ‫ﳏﺐ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﳎﺪﻱ‬.
‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺞ‬:
‫ﲤﻬﻴﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺏ‬:
‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬.
‫ﻗﺴﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﰒ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬:
‫ﺍﳊ‬‫ﺑﺎﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬:
‫ﻭﻗﺴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺨﻴﺺ‬:‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﲣﺘﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﲤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻠﺨﻴﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﳜﺺ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬:‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ‬:
1-‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﱵ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻃﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ‬ ‫ﳉﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﺖ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬.
2-‫ﻣﻼﺣﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺟﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻬﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭﺍﺕ‬.
‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﳏﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳉﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻐﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬
‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﳒﻠﺘﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﻨﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬

26. ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻆ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﳓﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬.
3-‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﲤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬‫ﺃﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﻋﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﺠﻴﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻳﻄﺎﱄ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻘﻨﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬)7(
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﺮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺒﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭﺻﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬.
4-‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬‫ﺗﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬
‫ﺗﺄﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺿﺖ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﻨﺖ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳜﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻮﺻﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺮﺻ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺿﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱪﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻲﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱪﳌﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬.
5-‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺘﻨﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻬﻨﺘ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﲟﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬‫ﺑﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻪ‬(‫ﻭﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺳﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺿﺖ‬ ،‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﱪﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺳﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺺ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻒ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺳﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﲝﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﻨﻦ‬ ‫ﺿﺤﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬
‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﺎﺗﻔﻴﺔ‬‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺯ‬.
‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭﺟﻪ‬
، ‫ﺍﻟﱪﳌﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻠﺘﺰﻣﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺮﻑ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮ‬.
)1
(‫ﻭﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻨﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭ‬‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻉ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺘﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﺗﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺑﺪ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ،ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ‬.

27. ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭﺟﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻠﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳊ‬‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻮﻬﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺜﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺐ‬:
)‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬-1993‫ﻡ‬(،
‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬/‫ﺍﳌﻨﻮﰲ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﲪﺪ‬.
‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺐ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺐ‬.
‫ﻧﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﲰﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺋﺞ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﲔ‬:
1(‫ﻭﺭﺟﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﲟﺒﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﺧﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺜﲏ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬.
2(‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﺺ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬)77/8(‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻧﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬)47/1978(‫ﻭﺇﻟﻐﺎﺀ‬ ،
‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬)310(‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺗﲔ‬ ‫ﻧﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻟﻐﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬)65‫ﻭ‬66(‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﳌﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻋﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺛﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺬﻛﺮﻫﺎ‬.
3(‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺑﻼﻍ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻮﻇﻔﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺰﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺎﻟﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﺪ‬
‫ﺃﺩﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﳏﻜﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻴ‬ ‫ﳏﺒﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﱪﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬‫ﺑﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧﺮﻭﺟ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺔ‬.
‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺘﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺘﻔﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬.