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feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
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The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act was enacted in 1976 and replaced in 2010 to regulate foreign donations and contributions to Indian organizations. The Act aims to prevent foreign influence in electoral politics and activities detrimental to public interest. It is administered by the Home Ministry and requires any NGO receiving foreign funds to register under the FCRA and comply with strict reporting and accounting standards. The 2010 version introduced provisions like 5-year validity for registration, cancellation of NGO registrations for political activities, and separate bank accounts for foreign contributions. It prohibits certain individuals and organizations like government employees, politicians, and political parties from receiving foreign funds.
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
The document discusses the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act of 2010 in India. Some key points:
- The Act regulates the acceptance and use of foreign contributions or hospitality by certain individuals, associations, and companies in India.
- Eligible entities like trusts, societies, and Section 8 companies can apply for registration under FCRA to legally receive foreign funds.
- Contributions must be received only in a designated bank account and separate accounts must be maintained for foreign funds.
- Registered entities must file annual reports with details of foreign receipts and expenditures and are prohibited from mixing foreign and local funds.
FCRA (Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act ) 2010Muthuraj K
This document discusses the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) of 2010 in India. The key points are:
1) The FCRA regulates acceptance and use of foreign contributions by NGOs, individuals, and other organizations in India. It aims to ensure foreign funds are used for their intended purposes and not for any detrimental activities.
2) Under the FCRA, foreign contribution is defined as donations, goods, or securities from foreign sources above a specified value. Income from such contributions is also considered foreign contribution.
3) NGOs, trusts, societies, companies, and individuals must be registered under the FCRA to legally accept foreign contributions. The registration process involves submitting documents
An animal shelter provides a safe environment for homeless animals until they can be reclaimed, adopted, or transferred to another organization. Many shelters evaluate animals to determine their adoptability and suitable home. Government shelters in particular are overwhelmed and underfunded, resulting in 64% of animals being euthanized.
In India, non-profit organizations can register as trusts, societies, or non-profit companies. To open an animal shelter, a public charitable trust is usually established which requires at least two trustees, a trust deed filed with the Charity Commissioner, and an application for registration including details of trustees and management structure. Opening a shelter as a trust allows the property to be held by the trustees for the benefit of the public
This presentation provides an overview of the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) in India. The key points covered are:
- The FCRA was passed in 1976 to regulate acceptance and use of foreign funds by organizations in India.
- Foreign contribution is defined as donations, currency, or securities from foreign sources exceeding 1000 rupees. Contributions from NRIs through normal banking are excluded.
- Foreign sources include foreign governments, international agencies, foreign companies and citizens.
- Certain groups like election candidates, government employees, and legislators cannot accept foreign funds.
- Associations must register with the government to accept foreign funds if they have existed over 3 years and spent over 6 l
This document is a summer training report submitted as part fulfillment of an MBA degree. It discusses conducting a study on business opportunities for Yes Bank Ltd. in FCRA (Foreign Contribution Regulation Act) accounts of charitable institutions in Delhi. The report provides an overview of FCRA, profiles Yes Bank and the banking industry, discusses the study's objectives and methodology, and presents an analysis and recommendations.
The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act was enacted in 1976 and replaced in 2010 to regulate foreign donations and contributions to Indian organizations. The Act aims to prevent foreign influence in electoral politics and activities detrimental to public interest. It is administered by the Home Ministry and requires any NGO receiving foreign funds to register under the FCRA and comply with strict reporting and accounting standards. The 2010 version introduced provisions like 5-year validity for registration, cancellation of NGO registrations for political activities, and separate bank accounts for foreign contributions. It prohibits certain individuals and organizations like government employees, politicians, and political parties from receiving foreign funds.
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
The document discusses the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act of 2010 in India. Some key points:
- The Act regulates the acceptance and use of foreign contributions or hospitality by certain individuals, associations, and companies in India.
- Eligible entities like trusts, societies, and Section 8 companies can apply for registration under FCRA to legally receive foreign funds.
- Contributions must be received only in a designated bank account and separate accounts must be maintained for foreign funds.
- Registered entities must file annual reports with details of foreign receipts and expenditures and are prohibited from mixing foreign and local funds.
FCRA (Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act ) 2010Muthuraj K
This document discusses the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) of 2010 in India. The key points are:
1) The FCRA regulates acceptance and use of foreign contributions by NGOs, individuals, and other organizations in India. It aims to ensure foreign funds are used for their intended purposes and not for any detrimental activities.
2) Under the FCRA, foreign contribution is defined as donations, goods, or securities from foreign sources above a specified value. Income from such contributions is also considered foreign contribution.
3) NGOs, trusts, societies, companies, and individuals must be registered under the FCRA to legally accept foreign contributions. The registration process involves submitting documents
An animal shelter provides a safe environment for homeless animals until they can be reclaimed, adopted, or transferred to another organization. Many shelters evaluate animals to determine their adoptability and suitable home. Government shelters in particular are overwhelmed and underfunded, resulting in 64% of animals being euthanized.
In India, non-profit organizations can register as trusts, societies, or non-profit companies. To open an animal shelter, a public charitable trust is usually established which requires at least two trustees, a trust deed filed with the Charity Commissioner, and an application for registration including details of trustees and management structure. Opening a shelter as a trust allows the property to be held by the trustees for the benefit of the public
This presentation provides an overview of the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) in India. The key points covered are:
- The FCRA was passed in 1976 to regulate acceptance and use of foreign funds by organizations in India.
- Foreign contribution is defined as donations, currency, or securities from foreign sources exceeding 1000 rupees. Contributions from NRIs through normal banking are excluded.
- Foreign sources include foreign governments, international agencies, foreign companies and citizens.
- Certain groups like election candidates, government employees, and legislators cannot accept foreign funds.
- Associations must register with the government to accept foreign funds if they have existed over 3 years and spent over 6 l
This document is a summer training report submitted as part fulfillment of an MBA degree. It discusses conducting a study on business opportunities for Yes Bank Ltd. in FCRA (Foreign Contribution Regulation Act) accounts of charitable institutions in Delhi. The report provides an overview of FCRA, profiles Yes Bank and the banking industry, discusses the study's objectives and methodology, and presents an analysis and recommendations.
This document discusses non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and section 80G of the Indian Income Tax Act, which allows for tax exemptions on donations made to certain NGOs. It provides information on the requirements for NGOs to register and receive an 80G exemption certificate, including maintaining proper accounts, having charitable objectives, and not engaging in religious or caste-based activities. The application process and required documents are also outlined.
Registration of Indian NGOs under The FCRA Legal Framework and ImplicationsPranshuCorpseed
The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) is a cornerstone of accountability and openness for India's non-governmental organizations (NGOs). In an era of increased globalization and cross-border collaborations, FCRA Registration is critical for non-governmental organizations that receive foreign funding. This article goes into the complex world of FCRA registration, offering insight on its legal foundation, ramifications, and role in defining the activities and impact of Indian non-governmental organizations.
Cracking the Code- What Does FCRA Registration Full Form Stand ForVakilkaro
In a world of acronyms and abbreviations, the FCRA stands out as one that holds immense importance, especially in the context of non-profit organizations and entities receiving foreign contributions in India. FCRA, which stands for Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, is a significant piece of legislation that regulates the acceptance and utilization of foreign contributions by various organizations operating within India. In this article, we'll delve into the FCRA, what it entails, and why FCRA registration is crucial for eligible organizations.
1) The document discusses the Right to Information Act (RTI) in India, which aims to promote transparency and accountability in government.
2) It covers all government bodies at the central, state, and local levels, as well as organizations that receive government funding. It defines information broadly and establishes processes for citizens to request information from public officials.
3) The RTI Act sets up Independent Information Commissions at the central and state levels to oversee information disclosures and investigate complaints about non-compliance, with powers to impose penalties on officials who do not fulfill information requests appropriately.
A Ngo is relevant to get subsidizes from abroad assuming that it has a international funding registration declaration.
Administration of India and outside subsidizing organizations discharges a considerable measure of trusts for the welfare of the underprivileged area of the social order. Then again, such trusts are not legitimately used by a number of such conglomeration. UNO keeps tabs on offering gives to that conglomeration who has done exceptional work in elevating the poor area of the social order. In this way, the right outlook to getting legitimate finances is to channelize your vigor in working for the social order. Assuming that you would like to know how to get a FCRA endorsement, you can counsel us.
NGO Registration Methods in India outlines three common methods for registering non-profit organizations: trusts, societies, and non-profit companies under Section 25. Trusts are governed by state Trust Acts and require a trust deed. Societies register under the Societies Registration Act of 1860 with a memorandum and rules. Section 25 companies register with the Registrar of Companies and require a memorandum and articles of association. Both societies and Section 25 companies have minimum member requirements while trusts require minimum trustees but have no upper limits.
This document provides information about an NGO conference being held in Aurangabad in 2023. It discusses the registration process for new NGOs and the requirements for various certifications including 12A registration with the Income Tax Department to obtain tax exemptions, 80G registration to allow donors tax deductions, and CSR-1 registration to receive CSR funding. It also outlines appropriate aims and objectives for NGOs in areas like education, health, agriculture, sports, and supporting minority communities. World Charity Day on September 5th is briefly described, commemorating Mother Teresa who received the Nobel Peace Prize for her work helping the poor and destitute in India. Contact details are provided for an NGO consultancy in Parb
Synopsis:
Introduction and Applicability
Objective
Important Definitions
Prohibition to accept foreign contribution
Non-applicability
Registration
Grant of certificate, suspension, cancellation and renewal of certificate
Maintenance of accounts and Audit of accounts
Offences and Penalties
Miscellaneous Provisions
Reporting in various forms under the Act
The initiatives proposed by honourable Finance Minister in his budget speech on February 28, 2016 to effectively deal with the problem of black money, which eats into vitals of our society and economy, are highly commendable. The measures initiated by the government in the last nine months to bring back the black money in Swiss Banks has already brought very fruitful results and the names and the details of possible offenders have already been disclosed to Special Investigation Team set up by honorable Supreme Court.
Receipt of donation vs. FCRA Namrata Dedhia 20150110Namrata Dedhia
This document summarizes the key aspects of the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) in India. It discusses who and what activities the FCRA applies to, how foreign contribution and hospitality are defined, the process for obtaining registration or prior permission to receive foreign funds, and the compliance requirements for organizations receiving foreign contributions including audit and annual reporting. It also presents a case study of an Indian company raising funds online from foreign donors to distribute to NGOs and whether this activity would be subject to FCRA regulations.
The document summarizes the amended memorandum of association for Edara-e-Fatima Foundation, a nonprofit organization registered under the Societies Registration Act of 1860 in Pakistan. The foundation's vision is for a just society where all citizens enjoy equal rights and opportunities. Its mission is to empower deprived communities through education, healthcare, disaster relief, and other programs. It conducts various social, educational, and advocacy activities to promote human rights, democracy, community development, and women's empowerment. The foundation also aims to generate income through business partnerships to fund its welfare activities.
Etude PwC Breaking Dawn on the Horizon - Destination India (2013)PwC France
http://pwc.to/Hf02OP
Si l'Inde est plus modérée sur son taux de croissance par rapport à ses prévisions précédentes, la comparaison est toujours avantageuse comparé à de nombreux autres pays. Le FMI prévoit que le taux de croissance du PIB de l'Inde sera derrière la Chine en 2014, mais il est toujours meilleur que les taux de croissance des pays émergents et en voie de développement et des économies avancées.
This document summarizes the key aspects of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act of 2010 for entities receiving foreign contributions in India. It outlines that the act regulates acceptance of foreign contributions and hospitality to prevent use for activities detrimental to national interests. It defines foreign contribution and foreign sources, and explains that individuals, associations, Hindu undivided families, trusts and certain companies must register with the central government or obtain prior permission to receive foreign funds. Non-compliance can result in penalties like suspension of registration, imprisonment or fines. The presentation concludes by offering to provide further consultation on obligations under the act.
This document provides information about establishing and registering a charitable trust in India. It defines key terms related to trusts, outlines the process for creating a trust deed, and lists the typical contents of a trust deed such as the name of the trust, trustees, objectives, rules and regulations, and procedures. It also discusses requirements for registering the trust deed, including using a stamp paper of requisite value, attaching identity proofs of the settler and trustees, and providing proof of the trust's registered office address.
The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2015 amends the Citizenship Act of 1955. It relaxes residency requirements for citizenship by registration or naturalization from 12 months to 30 days in special circumstances. It expands eligibility for an Overseas Citizen of India card to include minor children and spouses of Indian or OCI cardholders, as well as certain great-grandchildren of Indian citizens. The Bill also allows the government to register an OCI cardholder if special circumstances exist, even if other qualifications are not met. It proposes merging the Persons of Indian Origin and Overseas Citizen of India schemes by making PIO cardholders eligible for OCI status.
(a) Anita's friend's advice is correct. As per Section 2(h) of the RTI Act, 2005, the University which receives substantial funds from the UGC would come under the definition of 'public authority'. Though the Institute is a private entity, since it submits relevant records to the University, the information sought by Anita can be accessed from the PIO of the University under Section 6 of the RTI Act.
(b) No, the PIO cannot reject Anita's application on the grounds that the information pertains to a private entity. Since the records have been submitted to the University, a public authority, the information becomes accessible to the citizen under the RTI Act, irrespective of the private
In the attached handbook, we have included major legal compliance applicable on NGOs in India under Income Tax Act, Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, Provident Fund & Misc Provisions Act. #ngos #Taxation #Compliances #SNR #krestonsnr
The document discusses the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) which regulates the receipt of foreign contributions or aid in India. It provides an overview of the FCRA, the requirements for FCRA registration including necessary documents, the types of FCRA certificates, benefits of registration, and circumstances for cancellation of registration. Key points include that FCRA registration is required for NGOs to legally accept foreign donations, the documents needed for registration include audited financial statements and annual reports, and registration can be cancelled for misuse of funds or failure to comply with reporting requirements.
New Delhi | Mumbai | Noida | Gurgaon
Presented By : Suhel Goel
FCA, CPA, B.Com (Hons.), D.I.S.A
suhel.goel@sunilgoel.com | +91 98100 09646
The document discusses various aspects of establishing and managing an NGO in India including pathways to establish an NGO, laws and compliances applicable to NGOs, the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, Maharashtra Public Trusts Act, Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, and developments in the NGO domain. Key points discussed include registration requirements for trusts, societies, and section 8 companies, annual reporting time
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
This document discusses non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and section 80G of the Indian Income Tax Act, which allows for tax exemptions on donations made to certain NGOs. It provides information on the requirements for NGOs to register and receive an 80G exemption certificate, including maintaining proper accounts, having charitable objectives, and not engaging in religious or caste-based activities. The application process and required documents are also outlined.
Registration of Indian NGOs under The FCRA Legal Framework and ImplicationsPranshuCorpseed
The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) is a cornerstone of accountability and openness for India's non-governmental organizations (NGOs). In an era of increased globalization and cross-border collaborations, FCRA Registration is critical for non-governmental organizations that receive foreign funding. This article goes into the complex world of FCRA registration, offering insight on its legal foundation, ramifications, and role in defining the activities and impact of Indian non-governmental organizations.
Cracking the Code- What Does FCRA Registration Full Form Stand ForVakilkaro
In a world of acronyms and abbreviations, the FCRA stands out as one that holds immense importance, especially in the context of non-profit organizations and entities receiving foreign contributions in India. FCRA, which stands for Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, is a significant piece of legislation that regulates the acceptance and utilization of foreign contributions by various organizations operating within India. In this article, we'll delve into the FCRA, what it entails, and why FCRA registration is crucial for eligible organizations.
1) The document discusses the Right to Information Act (RTI) in India, which aims to promote transparency and accountability in government.
2) It covers all government bodies at the central, state, and local levels, as well as organizations that receive government funding. It defines information broadly and establishes processes for citizens to request information from public officials.
3) The RTI Act sets up Independent Information Commissions at the central and state levels to oversee information disclosures and investigate complaints about non-compliance, with powers to impose penalties on officials who do not fulfill information requests appropriately.
A Ngo is relevant to get subsidizes from abroad assuming that it has a international funding registration declaration.
Administration of India and outside subsidizing organizations discharges a considerable measure of trusts for the welfare of the underprivileged area of the social order. Then again, such trusts are not legitimately used by a number of such conglomeration. UNO keeps tabs on offering gives to that conglomeration who has done exceptional work in elevating the poor area of the social order. In this way, the right outlook to getting legitimate finances is to channelize your vigor in working for the social order. Assuming that you would like to know how to get a FCRA endorsement, you can counsel us.
NGO Registration Methods in India outlines three common methods for registering non-profit organizations: trusts, societies, and non-profit companies under Section 25. Trusts are governed by state Trust Acts and require a trust deed. Societies register under the Societies Registration Act of 1860 with a memorandum and rules. Section 25 companies register with the Registrar of Companies and require a memorandum and articles of association. Both societies and Section 25 companies have minimum member requirements while trusts require minimum trustees but have no upper limits.
This document provides information about an NGO conference being held in Aurangabad in 2023. It discusses the registration process for new NGOs and the requirements for various certifications including 12A registration with the Income Tax Department to obtain tax exemptions, 80G registration to allow donors tax deductions, and CSR-1 registration to receive CSR funding. It also outlines appropriate aims and objectives for NGOs in areas like education, health, agriculture, sports, and supporting minority communities. World Charity Day on September 5th is briefly described, commemorating Mother Teresa who received the Nobel Peace Prize for her work helping the poor and destitute in India. Contact details are provided for an NGO consultancy in Parb
Synopsis:
Introduction and Applicability
Objective
Important Definitions
Prohibition to accept foreign contribution
Non-applicability
Registration
Grant of certificate, suspension, cancellation and renewal of certificate
Maintenance of accounts and Audit of accounts
Offences and Penalties
Miscellaneous Provisions
Reporting in various forms under the Act
The initiatives proposed by honourable Finance Minister in his budget speech on February 28, 2016 to effectively deal with the problem of black money, which eats into vitals of our society and economy, are highly commendable. The measures initiated by the government in the last nine months to bring back the black money in Swiss Banks has already brought very fruitful results and the names and the details of possible offenders have already been disclosed to Special Investigation Team set up by honorable Supreme Court.
Receipt of donation vs. FCRA Namrata Dedhia 20150110Namrata Dedhia
This document summarizes the key aspects of the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) in India. It discusses who and what activities the FCRA applies to, how foreign contribution and hospitality are defined, the process for obtaining registration or prior permission to receive foreign funds, and the compliance requirements for organizations receiving foreign contributions including audit and annual reporting. It also presents a case study of an Indian company raising funds online from foreign donors to distribute to NGOs and whether this activity would be subject to FCRA regulations.
The document summarizes the amended memorandum of association for Edara-e-Fatima Foundation, a nonprofit organization registered under the Societies Registration Act of 1860 in Pakistan. The foundation's vision is for a just society where all citizens enjoy equal rights and opportunities. Its mission is to empower deprived communities through education, healthcare, disaster relief, and other programs. It conducts various social, educational, and advocacy activities to promote human rights, democracy, community development, and women's empowerment. The foundation also aims to generate income through business partnerships to fund its welfare activities.
Etude PwC Breaking Dawn on the Horizon - Destination India (2013)PwC France
http://pwc.to/Hf02OP
Si l'Inde est plus modérée sur son taux de croissance par rapport à ses prévisions précédentes, la comparaison est toujours avantageuse comparé à de nombreux autres pays. Le FMI prévoit que le taux de croissance du PIB de l'Inde sera derrière la Chine en 2014, mais il est toujours meilleur que les taux de croissance des pays émergents et en voie de développement et des économies avancées.
This document summarizes the key aspects of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act of 2010 for entities receiving foreign contributions in India. It outlines that the act regulates acceptance of foreign contributions and hospitality to prevent use for activities detrimental to national interests. It defines foreign contribution and foreign sources, and explains that individuals, associations, Hindu undivided families, trusts and certain companies must register with the central government or obtain prior permission to receive foreign funds. Non-compliance can result in penalties like suspension of registration, imprisonment or fines. The presentation concludes by offering to provide further consultation on obligations under the act.
This document provides information about establishing and registering a charitable trust in India. It defines key terms related to trusts, outlines the process for creating a trust deed, and lists the typical contents of a trust deed such as the name of the trust, trustees, objectives, rules and regulations, and procedures. It also discusses requirements for registering the trust deed, including using a stamp paper of requisite value, attaching identity proofs of the settler and trustees, and providing proof of the trust's registered office address.
The Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2015 amends the Citizenship Act of 1955. It relaxes residency requirements for citizenship by registration or naturalization from 12 months to 30 days in special circumstances. It expands eligibility for an Overseas Citizen of India card to include minor children and spouses of Indian or OCI cardholders, as well as certain great-grandchildren of Indian citizens. The Bill also allows the government to register an OCI cardholder if special circumstances exist, even if other qualifications are not met. It proposes merging the Persons of Indian Origin and Overseas Citizen of India schemes by making PIO cardholders eligible for OCI status.
(a) Anita's friend's advice is correct. As per Section 2(h) of the RTI Act, 2005, the University which receives substantial funds from the UGC would come under the definition of 'public authority'. Though the Institute is a private entity, since it submits relevant records to the University, the information sought by Anita can be accessed from the PIO of the University under Section 6 of the RTI Act.
(b) No, the PIO cannot reject Anita's application on the grounds that the information pertains to a private entity. Since the records have been submitted to the University, a public authority, the information becomes accessible to the citizen under the RTI Act, irrespective of the private
In the attached handbook, we have included major legal compliance applicable on NGOs in India under Income Tax Act, Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, Provident Fund & Misc Provisions Act. #ngos #Taxation #Compliances #SNR #krestonsnr
The document discusses the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) which regulates the receipt of foreign contributions or aid in India. It provides an overview of the FCRA, the requirements for FCRA registration including necessary documents, the types of FCRA certificates, benefits of registration, and circumstances for cancellation of registration. Key points include that FCRA registration is required for NGOs to legally accept foreign donations, the documents needed for registration include audited financial statements and annual reports, and registration can be cancelled for misuse of funds or failure to comply with reporting requirements.
New Delhi | Mumbai | Noida | Gurgaon
Presented By : Suhel Goel
FCA, CPA, B.Com (Hons.), D.I.S.A
suhel.goel@sunilgoel.com | +91 98100 09646
The document discusses various aspects of establishing and managing an NGO in India including pathways to establish an NGO, laws and compliances applicable to NGOs, the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, Maharashtra Public Trusts Act, Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, and developments in the NGO domain. Key points discussed include registration requirements for trusts, societies, and section 8 companies, annual reporting time
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
The document provides information about various topics:
1. It summarizes the key details about Geetanjali Shree becoming the first Indian author to win the International Booker Prize for her novel "Tomb of Sand" which was originally written in Hindi.
2. It outlines the background and issues related to the Katchatheevu island disputed between India and Sri Lanka.
3. It describes the contributions and philosophy of social reformer Sree Narayana Guru who fought against the oppressive caste system in India.
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
or log on to our website : www.iasnext.com
The Quad nations are planning a maritime surveillance initiative to track illegal fishing in the Indo-Pacific region and push back against Chinese overfishing. The initiative will utilize existing surveillance centers in Singapore, India, and the Pacific and bring them together under a single tracking system. It is aimed especially at massive fishing by Chinese trawlers, which are responsible for 80-95% of illegal fishing in the region. The initiative will likely use India's Information Fusion Centre-Indian Ocean Region, located in Gurugram, which already coordinates with countries on maritime issues and acts as a repository for maritime data.
Mozambique has reported its first case of wild poliovirus in 30 years after a child contracted the disease. This is the country's first case since 1992 and the second imported case in Southern Africa this year, with an earlier outbreak reported in Malawi. Wild poliovirus is now only endemic in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Reserve Bank of India will transfer Rs 30,307 crore as surplus to the government for the fiscal year ended March 2022, down 69% from the previous year due to increased interest paid to banks. A glitch in Voyager 1's attitude control system is causing the spacecraft to send strange data, puzzling engineers over 45 years since its launch on a mission to explore the outer planets that
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The document discusses several topics:
1. The construction of a bridge by China near the Pangong Lake in Ladakh raises concerns as it will reduce travel time for the PLA between two sectors from 12 hours to 3-4 hours.
2. The Pangong Lake is disputed territory along the LAC with India and China having differing views on where the line passes.
3. China appears to be trying to keep India restricted in the region by gaining strategic advantage along the lake.
4. The document also discusses the urban heat island effect where cities experience higher temperatures than rural areas due to heat absorption by concrete and lack of greenery.
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we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
contact us at : 9454721860, 0522-4241011
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we are here to help you in the duration of your preparation
feel free to contact us for any query regarding your exam
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The document discusses the Member of Parliament Local Area Development (MPLAD) scheme. Some key points:
1. MPLADS allows MPs to recommend developmental works in their constituencies based on local needs. Each MP receives Rs. 5 crore annually for this.
2. Funds are released to district authorities who implement projects. MPs have a recommendatory role while districts oversee execution.
3. The Parliamentary Committee has asked the government to release Rs. 5 crore meant for 2023-24 this fiscal to complete unfinished MPLADS projects impacted by COVID suspensions.
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Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
28 01-2022 (Daily News Anals
1. D A I L Y N E X T
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9454721860
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2. Padma award and the recipient’s consent:
Reference News:-
The Padma awards are announced every year on the eve of Republic Day.
As many as 128 people ranging from veteran politicians, businessmen, scientists
and doctors to artists and ordinary people engaged in public service were
announced to have been selected for conferment of Padma awards this year.
While most accepted the awards gracefully, former West Bengal CM Buddhadeb
Bhattacharjee refused to accept it.
What are Padma awards?
They are the highest civilian honour of India after the Bharat Ratna.
Instituted in 1954 along with Bharat Ratna.
The awards are given in three categories: Padma Vibhushan (for exceptional and
distinguished service), Padma Bhushan (distinguished service of higher order) and
Padma Shri (distinguished service).
The award seeks to recognise achievements in all fields of activities or disciplines
where an element of public service is involved.
Limitations and exceptions:
The awardees do not get any cash reward but a certificate signed by the President
apart from a medallion which they can wear at public and government functions.
The awards are, however, not a conferment of title and the awardees are expected
to not use them as prefix or suffix to their names.
A Padma awardee can be given a higher award only after five years of the
conferment of the earlier award.
Not more than 120 awards can be given in a year but this does not include
posthumous awards or awards given to NRIs and foreigners.
Eligibility:
All persons without distinction of race, occupation, position or sex are eligible for these
awards. However, government servants including those working with PSUs, except
doctors and scientists, are not eligible for these awards.
The award is given for “special services” and not just for “long service”. “It should
not be merely excellence in a particular field, but the criteria has to be ‘excellence
plus’.
Who nominates the awardees?
Any citizen of India can nominate a potential recipient.
One can even nominate one’s own self.
3. All nominations are to be done online where a form is to be filled along with details
of the person or the organisation being nominated.
An 800-word essay detailing the work done by the potential awardee is also to be
submitted for the nomination to be considered.
Who selects the awardees?
All nominations received for Padma awards are placed before the Padma Awards
Committee, which is constituted by the Prime Minister every year.
The Padma Awards Committee is headed by the Cabinet Secretary and includes
Home Secretary, Secretary to the President and four to six eminent persons as
members.
The recommendations of the committee are submitted to the Prime Minister and
the President of India for approval.
Is the recipient’s consent sought?
There is no provision for seeking a written or formal consent of the recipient before
announcement of the award. However, before the announcement, every recipient
receives a call from the Ministry of Home Affairs informing him or her about the
selection. In case the recipient expresses a desire to be excluded from the award list, the
name is removed.
Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010 Registation for NGOs:
Reference News:-
The Supreme Court has asked 6,000-odd NGOs to go back to the government for redressal
of their grievances on non-renewal of their Foreign Contribution Regulation Act
(FCRA) registration.
A petition was filed in the court asking the NGOs to be allowed to continue
receiving and utilising foreign funds until the pandemic is over.
Please note:
The Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act registration is mandatory for any NGO
or association to receive foreign funds or donations.
Background:
The registration of thousands of NGOs was up for renewal in 2020-21. The Ministry
had declined to renew the FCRA registration of 179 NGOs, while 5,789 associations
did not apply for a renewal before the December 31 deadline.
After the exercise, the number of active FCRA-registered NGOs is down from
22,762 to 16,907.
4. On what basis is approval cancelled?
The government reserves the right to cancel the FCRA registration of any NGO if it finds it
to be in violation of the Act.
Registration can be cancelled if an inquiry finds a false statement in the
application; if the NGO is found to have violated any of the terms and conditions of
the certificate or renewal; if it has not been engaged in any reasonable activity in
its chosen field for the benefit of society for two consecutive years; or if it has
become defunct.
It can also be cancelled if “in the opinion of the Central Government, it is necessary
in the public interest to cancel the certificate”, the FCRA says.
Registrations are also cancelled when an audit finds irregularities in the finances of
an NGO in terms of misutilisation of foreign funds.
How FCRA regulates NGO funding?
FCRA regulates foreign donations and ensures that such contributions do not adversely
affect the internal security of the country.
The Act, first enacted in 1976 was amended in the year 2010 and then 2020.
Section 5 of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010 gives the Union government
“unchecked and unbridled powers” to declare an organisation as being one of political
nature and deny it access to funds from sources abroad.
FCRA is implemented by the Ministry of Home Affairs.
Applicability:
The provisions of the Act apply to the territory of India, to citizens of India who
may be outside India and to companies or their branches outside India that are
registered or incorporated in India.
The entities covered by the Act include an individual, a Hindu undivided family, an
association, or a registered company.
For how long is approval granted?
Once granted, FCRA registration is valid for five years. NGOs are expected to apply for
renewal within six months of the date of expiry of registration. In case of failure to apply
for renewal, the registration is deemed to have expired, and the NGO is no longer entitled
to receive foreign funds or utilise its existing funds without permission from the ministry.
Prior Reference Category under the Act:
It implies that to donate to such an NGO, a foreign donor has to take prior clearance from
the Ministry of Home Affairs.
Latest 2020 amendments and criticisms associated:
The amendments mandated that registered NGOs open a designated account in the
main branch of the State Bank of India in the Capital in which the foreign
contributions to their various causes would exclusively land.
5. The petitioners have argued that this measure would be cumbersome for NGOs
operating in rural India and far away from the Capital.
What Is A Foreign Contribution Under FCRA?
“Foreign contribution” under FCRA covers any “donation, delivery or transfer made
by any foreign source of any article” as long as it is not given as a gift for personal
use, or if its market value in India at the time it was made is “not more than such
sum as may be specified from time to time by the Central government”.
Exceptions:
Any currency, or security can fall under the ambit of the Act though it excludes any
money received “by way of fee or towards cost in lieu of goods or services rendered
by such person in the ordinary course of his business, trade or commerce whether
within India or outside India”.
Neither are donations made by Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) considered to be
“foreign contribution” although a donation from a person of Indian origin who has
assumed foreign nationality is treated as as “foreign contribution”.
Who Cannot Receive Foreign Contribution?
A host of entities are barred from receiving foreign funds, including election candidates,
those connected with a registered newspaper, judges, government servants or employees
of any entity controlled or owned by the government and members of any legislature.
Political parties and their office bearers, too, are prohibited from receiving foreign funds.
The America COMPETS Act and its relevance for India:
Reference News:-
The U.S. House of Representatives has introduced the ambitious 2022 Act to create
opportunities for America’s manufacturing, preeminence in technology, and economic
strength, or America COMPETES Act of 2022.
It proposes to open new perspectives for talented people from around the world
with a new home visa.
Rationale behind this legislation:
To strengthen supply chains and revitalize the engine of innovation in the country’s
economy to surpass China and the rest of the world for decades to come.
Key Provisions:
1. $ 52 billion to further encourage semiconductor production in the U.S.
2. $ 45 billion for grants and loans to improve supply chain resilience and
manufacturing, among other programs.
6. 3. Funding to address social and economic inequality, climate change and
immigration. For example, it offers an exemption for STEM PhDs from the green
card limit and creates a new green card for entrepreneurs.
4. The bill authorizes $ 600 million a year to build manufacturing facilities to make
the United States less dependent on solar components manufactured in Xinjiang,
China.
5. It creates a new “W” classification of nonimmigrants for employers with a stake in
a newly created entity, essential employees of a newly created entity, and their
spouses and children.
Significance for India and the Indians:
It would mean more opportunities in the US for Indian talent and skilled workers.
Every year, Indians and Indian companies corner the lion’s share of H-1B work
permits issued that year. With this new category, Indian professionals will
probably have a better chance of opportunities than the law is likely to offer.
Work visas for India:
There are 2.7 million Indian immigrants residing in the United States as of 2019, and the
country is the second most popular destination for Indians living abroad, after the United
Arab Emirates (3.4 million).
The IT revolution, arrival of internet and low-cost computers in developing nations like
India has given rise to the number of people who are willing to work at relatively low
costs in the USA which is a win-win situation for both the employer and the employee.
The USA administration issues a certain number of visas each year to fill a vacuum
of highly-skilled low-cost employees in IT and other related domains.
These visas allow companies from outside the USA to send employees to work on
client sites.
What are H-1B, H-2B, L and other work visas?
In order to fill a vacuum of highly-skilled low-cost employees in IT and other related
domains, the US administration issues a certain number of visas each year which allows
companies from outside the US to send employees to work on client sites.
H-1B: Person is Specialty Occupation: To work in a specialty occupation. Requires a
higher education degree of its equivalent.
L1 visas allows companies to transfer highly skilled workers to US for a period of up to
seven years.
H-2B visas allow food and agricultural workers to seek employment in the US.
J-1 Visas: It is for students on work-study summer programmes.
7. ISRO’s new SSLV programme:
Reference News:-
ISRO’s indigenous new launch rockets, called the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV), is
likely to have its much-delayed, maiden development flight this April.
New ISRO Chairman Somanath himself is credited with the design and development
of the SSLV during his time as director of the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre in
Thiruvananthapuram since 2018.
What is SSLV?
The SSLV is intended to cater to a market for the launch of small satellites into low earth
orbits.
It can carry satellites weighing up to 500 kg to a low earth orbit.
8. The SSLV is the smallest vehicle at 110-ton mass at ISRO.
It will take only 72 hours to integrate. Only six people will be required to do the
job.
The cost will be only around Rs 30 crore.
It is best suited for launching multiple microsatellites at a time and supports
multiple orbital drop-offs.
Need for?
Launch of small satellites into low earth orbits has become significant in recent years on
account of the need for developing countries, private corporations, and universities for
small satellites.
About 15 to 20 SSLVs would be required every year to meet the national demand
alone.
What is PSLV?
The launch of small satellites has until now been dependent on ‘piggy-back’ rides with big
satellite launches on ISRO’s work-horse – the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle which has
had over 50 successful launches so far.
PSLV can launch satellites weighing in the range of 1000 kg. But, it takes 70 days to
integrate this launch vehicle.
It is the third generation launch vehicle of India. It is the first Indian launch vehicle
to be equipped with liquid stages.
Difference between PSLV and GSLV:
India has two operational launchers- Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV).
PSLV was developed to launch low-Earth Orbit satellites into polar and sun
synchronous orbits. It has since proved its versatility by launching
geosynchronous, lunar and interplanetary spacecraft successfully.
On the other hand, GSLV was developed to launch the heavier INSAT class of
geosynchronous satellites into orbit. In its third and final stage, GSLV uses the
indigenously developed cryogenic upper stage.
Different orbits:
1. Geostationary orbit (GEO)
2. Low Earth orbit (LEO)
3. Medium Earth orbit (MEO)
4. Polar orbit and Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO)
5. Transfer orbits and geostationary transfer orbit (GTO)
6. Lagrange points (L-points)
9. Lithium mining:
Reference News:-
Serbians have been taking to the streets, blocking main roads and bridges and halting
traffic, to protest against Rio Tinto’s plans to mine lithium in the Jadar valley near
Lozinca town in the country.
Potential:
As reported by Reuters, the mine would have produced enough lithium to operate
one million electric vehicles along with boric acid and sodium sulphate.
When fully functional, the mine would have created “58,000 tonnes of refined
battery-grade lithium carbonate” every year, which would have made it Europe’s
most lithium-producing mine.
What’s the concern?
While the country has already been ridden with industrial pollution, a new mine would
only make it worse, polluting the land and water in the area.
Serbia has ranked as Europe’s fifth and the world’s 32nd most polluted country in a
list of 98 countries.
According to a 2019 report by Global Alliance on Health and Pollution, Serbia is one
of the top ten countries with the most deaths due to pollution — 175 deaths per
100,000.
About Lithium:
It is a soft, silvery-white metal. Under standard conditions, it is the lightest metal and the
lightest solid element.
It is highly reactive and flammable, and must be stored in mineral oil. It is an alkali metal
and a rare metal.
Key Characteristics and Properties:
It has the highest specific heat capacity of any solid element.
Lithium’s single balance electron allows it to be a good conductor of electricity.
It is flammable and can even explode when exposed to air and water.
Uses:
1. Lithium is a key element for new technologies and finds its use in ceramics, glass,
telecommunication and aerospace industries.
2. The well-known uses of Lithium are in Lithium ion batteries, lubricating grease,
high energy additive to rocket propellants, optical modulators for mobile phones
and as convertor to tritium used as a raw material for thermonuclear reactions i.e.
fusion.
10. Prescribed substance:
The thermonuclear application makes Lithium as “Prescribed substance” under the
Atomic Energy Act, 1962 which permits AMD for exploration of Lithium in various
geological domains of the country.
Under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962, “Prescribed Substance” means any substance
including any mineral which the Central Government may, by notification,
prescribe, being a substance which in its opinion is or may be used for the
production or use of atomic energy or research into matters connected therewith
and includes uranium, plutonium, thorium, beryllium, deuterium or any of their
respective derivatives or compounds or any other materials containing any of the
aforesaid substances.
Keeping faith: On People-to-People
Initiatives and India-Pakistan Ties
Reference News:-
A proposal has been made by the Pakistan Hindu Council, forwarded by Pakistan to India, to
allow pilgrims of both countries to travel by air to avoid cumbersome journeys.
What is the current status of Islamabad-Delhi ties?
Islamabad-Delhi ties now are possibly at their worst ever in peace times, with no
political dialogue at a bilateral or multilateral level for over 5 years.
India has stopped normal communications and cultural exchanges after many terror
attacks
Pakistan has stopped all trade ties after the Government’s moves on Article 370 in
Jammu and Kashmir.
Both sides have downsized their diplomatic missions.
The COVID-19 pandemic has ensured that the borders have been virtually sealed for 2
years, with few direct routes operating between them.
An Indian request to send 500,000 MT of wheat as humanitarian aid to Afghanistan via
Wagah border has been awaiting Pakistani clearances for several months.
The few India-Pakistan confidence-building measures (CBMs) that continue to exist are
o The opening of the Kartarpur corridor for Sikh pilgrims in 2019
o Exchanging lists of prisoners held by both sides of each other’s citizens
The Kartarpur corridor is a visa-free corridor connecting Dera Baba Nanak village in Gurdaspur,
Punjab to Gurdwara Darbar Sahib, Kartarpur.
How are religious exchanges governed?
Religious exchanges, of mainly Muslim pilgrims from Pakistan, and Hindus and Sikhs
from India, are governed by a protocol signed in 1974.
11. As per the agreement, hundreds of Indian and Pakistani pilgrims crossover at
the Wagah/Atari border to travel to the shrines facing more circuitous routes.
It also causes extra time in travel.
So, the Pakistan Hindu Council has now signed an MoU with Pakistan International
Airlines (PIA) to facilitate faith-based tour groups.
The Council has asked that PIA charters from Karachi and Lahore be allowed to fly
direct to Indian cities with a view to allow reciprocal air charters from India.
What is the significance of this proposal?
If clearances are received, this would be the first PIA flight to travel to India since
operations were suspended in 2019, and the first ever such flight carrying pilgrims
from either side since 1947.
The erstwhile Indian Airlines last flew to Pakistan in March 2008.
This would boost the pilgrimage tourism to travel to the Hinglaj Mata Mandir in
Balochistan, the Paramhans Mandir in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Ajmer Sharif dargah in
Rajasthan, the Nizamuddin Aulia in Delhi and other such shrines.
A start with faith tourism can go on towards more tourism, and then trade and regular
travel.
The people-to-people initiatives can help build a little bit of goodwill.
Unlock India’s food processing potential
Reference News:-
Growing populations and unrestricted use of natural resources must push nations to have an
efficient food value chain.
Why India has launched PLISFPI?
The challenge to feed the 10 billion people by mid-century demands efficient ways of
production that are both economically viable and ecologically sustainable.
Also the pandemic has accelerated the demand for ready-to-eat products.
Fortunately, emerging technologies revamp the traditional approach of farm to fork
with a lower environmental footprint.
Being one of the largest producers of fruits and vegetables in the world India has
formulated a unique Production-Linked Incentive Scheme (PLIS) to boost processed
food in large quantities.
The scheme aims to incentivise incremental sales.
By welcoming the new brands in the category, PLIS aims to create an enabling
ecosystem for innovation in both food products and processes.
What is the progress so far?
A sum of Rs. 10,900 crore has been earmarked for the scheme.
60 applicants have already been selected under Category 1.
12. These firms are incentivised for incremental sales and branding/marketing initiatives
taken abroad.
Beneficiaries have been obliged to commit a minimum investment while applying for
the scheme.
With this the sector is likely to witness at least Rs. 6,500 crore worth of investment over
the next 2 years.
Why branding and marketing is important?
For the exports market, sales promotion is positively related to increased sales volume,
but inversely related to profitability.
To bridge this gap, of the 13 key sectors announced under the PLIS, the ‘Food
Processing PLIS’ earmarks a dedicated Category 3 for supporting branding and
marketing activities in foreign markets.
This ensures that India’s share of value-added products in the exports basket is
improved.
It may leverage its unique geographical proximity to the untapped markets of Europe,
the Middle East/West Asia, Africa, Oceania and Japan.
Why investment in public infrastructure is necessary?
With higher public investments Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and
Uttar Pradesh have ranked among the highest in the ‘Public Infrastructure and Utilities’
parameter by the Good Governance Index 2020-21.
With good connectivity to Rural Habitations these states show the highest
improvement.
A 1% increase in public infrastructure is expected to increase the food manufacturing
output by 0.06% in the longer run.
How do we perform in case of credit availability?
Measures taken - Access of MSMEs to finance is a perennial problem in the country,
due to a lack of proper credit history mechanism for MSMEs.
Smart financing alternatives such as peer-to-peer (P2P) lending hold potential for
micro-food processors.
MUDRA Bank has helped more than 1,18,000 small businesses get access to credit.
Improvements required - Trade Receivables Discounting System (TReDS) is a
platform for facilitating the financing/discounting of trade receivables of MSMEs
through multiple financiers.
The platform requires considerable scaling-up and simultaneous enforcement of
stringent measures for corporate to comply with.
Integrating it with the GST Network’s e-invoicing portal will make TReDS more
attractive and give relief to financiers.
What is the way forward?
Functional Foods - The pandemic has bolstered the demand for functional foods.
13. It is expected to provide a launchpad for health-orientated start-ups and micro-food
processing units.
New alternatives replacing the staples of rice and wheat in the form of Nutri-cereals,
plant-based proteins, fermented foods, health bars and even fresh fortified foods for
pets must be explored.
With growing populations, changing food habits and unrestricted use of natural
resources, nations must come together and lay out a road map for a common efficient
food value chain.
Is air pollution contributing to the ‘insect apocalypse’?
Reference News:-
There is an ‘insect apocalypse’ underway across the world. The threats to insects include
habitat loss, climate change, land-use change and insecticides. But there appears to be another
insidious contributor: polluted air.
Insects in the ecosystem
Vital for India’s food security: Insects have an essential role to play in our ecosystem.
They pollinate many of our fruits, flowers and vegetables, contributing significantly to
the productivity of at least 75 per cent of global crop species. Their services are.
Insects keep pests in check: For example, ladybird preys on aphids, that damage
crops. Insects are also food sources for amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
If we were to lose all pollinating insects tomorrow, we would no longer be able to
produce cocoa beans, brazil nuts and some fruits (like melon and pumpkin)
Blame it on Air Pollution
Air pollution is likely an important, but currently overlooked, factor contributing to insect
pollinator declines. A study in Bengaluru found a drastic reduction in honeybee health at
levels which were target levels by the World Health Organization for cities
A. Impact of respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) on health of Giant Asian
honey bees:
Giant Asian honey bees produce more than 80 per cent of the honey in India and
pollinate more than 687 plant species.
Over 80 per cent of bees survived for 24 hours at moderately polluted sites. Research in
this area is relevant for India as nine of its cities rank in the top 10 most polluted cities
globally. Most polluted Tier-2 cities are much more embedded in agricultural lands.
RSPM is a complex mixture of particles measuring less than 10 or 2.5 micrometres in
diameter. They are commonly called Particulate Matter.
B. How could pollution hurt insects?
In the study, the health impacts of pollutants on bees were quite severe, Honey bees’
heart rates, stress, blood cells counts were affected.
14. Air pollutants can do a lot more. They can mess with the insects’ ability to sniff flowers,
lowering pollination services.
Flowers release odour as chemicals called volatile organic compounds, which help
insects locate flowers. Pollutants could react with and change the scents of flowers,
making them harder to find.
One study found that honey bees exposed to low medium and high air pollutant
concentrations had an impaired ability to recollect odour.
Pollutants might also mess with social bonds. Insects use odours for a huge variety of
interactions with each other and their environment. For example, insects use airborne
odours to attract a mate. If pheromone communication is disrupted similarly, it could
result in insects struggling to find mates, which could have ramifications for insect
biodiversity.
Some insects like Beetles and parasitic wasps appeared resilient to pollutants. The
researchers suspect that this could be because the above insects relied on visual cues
rather than odour to reach flowers. Future experiments will need to explain why some
species or groups of insects are more affected than others.
The Way Forward
There is a need to relook and ascertain our regulations across the world
Future studies should quantify the levels of pollutants safe for insects’ health