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Chroma'c	
  Abstrac'on/	
  
Color	
  Field	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
  (1903-­‐1970)	
  
  Rothko’s	
  style	
  evolved	
  over	
  'me	
  




Mark	
  Rothko,	
  An#gone,	
  c.	
  1941	
  
Na'onal	
  Gallery	
  of	
  Art	
  




                                                    Mark	
  Rothko,	
  Slow	
  Swirl	
  at	
  the	
  Edge	
  of	
  the	
  Sea,	
  1944	
  
                                                    Museum	
  of	
  Modern	
  Art	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
(1903-­‐1970)	
  
1947-­‐1949	
  Rothko	
  began	
  series	
  
of	
  mul'-­‐form	
  canvases	
  




Mark	
  Rothko,	
  Number	
  7,	
  1947	
  
Guggenheim	
  Museum	
  



                                               Mark	
  Rothko,	
  Un'tled	
  (Mul'form),	
  1948	
  
                                               Collec'on	
  of	
  Kate	
  Rothko	
  Prizel	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
(1903-­‐1970)	
  
1949	
  “classic”	
  style	
  

Canvases	
  typically	
  consist	
  of	
  soQ	
  
edged	
  rectangles	
  stacked	
  on	
  the	
  
canvas	
  




                                                    Mark	
  Rothko,	
  No.	
  3/No.	
  13,	
  1949	
  
                                                    Museum	
  of	
  Modern	
  Art	
  
Mark	
  Rothko,	
  Green	
  and	
  Maroon,	
  1953	
  
Phillips	
  Collec'on	
                                  Mark	
  Rothko,	
  Ochre	
  and	
  Red	
  on	
  Red,	
  1954	
  
                                                         Phillips	
  Collec'on	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
No.	
  20	
  
1957	
  
Na'onal	
  Gallery	
  of	
  Australia	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
White,	
  Red,	
  on	
  Yellow	
  
1958	
  
Metropolitan	
  Museum	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
(1903-­‐1970)	
  
Rothko’s	
  method	
  of	
  working	
  
was	
  different	
  from	
  the	
  “ac'on	
  
painters”	
  




                      Rothko	
  in	
  his	
  West	
  53rd	
  Street	
  studio,	
  pain'ng	
  what	
  
                     may	
  be	
  a	
  version	
  of	
  Un#tled,1952-­‐1953	
  (Guggenheim	
  
                     Museum,	
  Bilbao),	
  photograph	
  by	
  Henry	
  Elkan,	
  c.	
  1953	
  
                                                                  Na'onal	
  Gallery	
  of	
  Art	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
      (1903-­‐1970)	
  
      Thin	
  washes	
  of	
  color	
  




Henri	
  Ma'sse,	
  Red	
  Studio,	
  1911	
  
Museum	
  of	
  Modern	
  Art	
  



                                    Rothko	
  in	
  his	
  West	
  53rd	
  Street	
  studio,	
  pain'ng	
  what	
  
                                   may	
  be	
  a	
  version	
  of	
  Un#tled,1952-­‐1953	
  (Guggenheim	
  
                                   Museum,	
  Bilbao),	
  photograph	
  by	
  Henry	
  Elkan,	
  c.	
  1953	
  
                                                                                Na'onal	
  Gallery	
  of	
  Art	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
       (1903-­‐1970)	
  
       Envisioned	
  his	
  pictures	
  as	
  
       “environments,”	
  rather	
  than	
  
       “pictures”	
  




Viewer	
  looking	
  at	
  a	
  Mark	
  Rothko	
  pain'ng	
  in	
  the	
  Na'onal	
  
Gallery	
  of	
  Art,	
  Washington	
  DC	
                                             Mark	
  Rothko,	
  1961	
  
Image	
  source:	
  	
                                                                  Image	
  source:	
  	
  hbp://www.portlandart.net/archives/2009/07/the_rothko_brid.html	
  
hbp://www.societyofcomposers.org/user/
williamdougherty.html	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
     (1903-­‐1970)	
  
     Medita've	
  environment;	
  
     doorway	
  to	
  another	
  reality	
  


“Rothko	
  wrote	
  that	
  the	
  great	
  ar's'c	
  
achievements	
  of	
  the	
  past	
  were	
  
pictures	
  of	
  the	
  human	
  figure	
  alone	
  
in	
  a	
  moment	
  of	
  uber	
  immobility.	
  He	
  
sought	
  to	
  create	
  his	
  own	
  version	
  of	
  
this	
  solitary	
  medita've	
  experience,	
  
scaling	
  his	
  pictures	
  so	
  that	
  the	
  
viewer	
  is	
  enveloped	
  in	
  their	
  
luminous,	
  atmospheric	
  surface.”	
  
Tate	
  Gallery	
  




                                                            A	
  woman	
  views	
  Mark	
  Rothko's	
  'Orange,	
  Red,	
  Yellow',	
  1956	
  on	
  display	
  May	
  9,	
  
                                                            2008	
  at	
  Sotheby's	
  in	
  New	
  York	
  
                                                            hbp://www.independent.co.uk/arts-­‐entertainment/art/features/mark-­‐
                                                            rothko-­‐s'll-­‐hip-­‐to-­‐be-­‐square-­‐940133.html	
  
"Small	
  pictures	
  since	
  the	
  Renaissance	
  are	
  
    like	
  novels;	
  large	
  pictures	
  are	
  like	
  dramas	
  
    in	
  which	
  one	
  par'cipates	
  in	
  a	
  direct	
  way."	
  
    Mark	
  Rothko	
  




Image	
  source:	
  	
  hbp://www.interna'onalheralddailynews.org/world_arts1.htm	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
(1903-­‐1970)	
  
The	
  “black	
  form”	
  pain'ngs	
  
seem	
  to	
  look	
  out	
  into	
  an	
  
expansive	
  abyss	
  




                              Mark	
  Rothko,	
  No.	
  7,	
  1964	
  
                              Na'onal	
  Gallery	
  of	
  Art	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
(1903-­‐1970)	
  
The	
  Roman'c	
  Sublime	
  -­‐-­‐	
  the	
  
sense	
  of	
  awe	
  we	
  experience	
  
when	
  confronted	
  with	
  the	
  
boundlessness	
  of	
  nature	
  




                                                 Caspar	
  David	
  Friedrich,	
  Monk	
  by	
  the	
  Seashore,	
  1809-­‐10	
  
                                                 Staatliche	
  Museum,	
  Berlin	
  	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
(1903-­‐1970)	
  
Seagrams	
  commission	
  violated	
  
his	
  ideas	
  about	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  
his	
  pain'ngs	
  




                                                    Mark	
  Rothko’s	
  Seagrams	
  Murals,	
  as	
  installed	
  at	
  the	
  Tate	
  Gallery	
  
                                                    MSNBC	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
(1903-­‐1970)	
  
Rothko	
  Chapel	
  –	
  realiza'on	
  of	
  
his	
  dream	
  of	
  a	
  “sacred	
  art”	
  




                                                 Rothko	
  Chapel,	
  Houston	
  Texas	
  
                                                 Founded	
  by	
  John	
  and	
  Dominique	
  de	
  Menil	
  in	
  1971	
  as	
  an	
  in'mate	
  
                                                 sanctuary	
  available	
  to	
  people	
  of	
  every	
  belief	
  
                                                 hbp://www.rothkochapel.org/	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
      (1903-­‐1970)	
  

“By	
  the	
  late	
  '50s	
  Rothko	
  was	
  a	
  very	
  
successful	
  painter,	
  and	
  he	
  hated	
  
it.	
  .	
  .	
  .	
  .	
  "I	
  have	
  imprisoned	
  the	
  most	
  
uber	
  violence	
  in	
  every	
  inch	
  of	
  their	
  
surface,"	
  he	
  claimed.	
  But	
  the	
  more	
  
violence	
  Rothko	
  pumped	
  into	
  the	
  
pictures,	
  the	
  more	
  plush	
  and	
  
collec'ble	
  they	
  turned	
  out	
  to	
  be	
  .	
  .	
  .	
  
Christopher	
  Benfey,	
  Slate.com	
  




                                                                         Image	
  source:	
  	
  hbp://thisvignebe.com/	
  
Mark	
  Rothko	
  
   (1903-­‐1970)	
  


“Meanwhile,	
  he	
  is	
  chain-­‐smoking,	
  
drinking	
  heavily,	
  and	
  abusing	
  
barbiturates	
  .	
  .	
  .	
  He	
  has	
  a	
  heart	
  
aback	
  in	
  1968,	
  leaves	
  his	
  wife	
  in	
  
1969,	
  and	
  on	
  Feb.	
  25,	
  1970,	
  slits	
  his	
  
wrists	
  and	
  dies	
  on	
  the	
  studio	
  floor.”	
  
Christopher	
  Benfey,	
  Slate.com	
  




                                                                 Mark	
  Rothko	
  in	
  his	
  West	
  53rd	
  Street	
  studio,	
  c.	
  1953,	
  photograph	
  by	
  Henry	
  
                                                                 Elkan,	
  courtesy	
  Archives	
  of	
  American	
  Art,	
  Smithsonian	
  Ins'tu'on;	
  Image	
  
                                                                 source:	
  	
  hbp://www.nga.gov/feature/rothko/intro1.shtm	
  

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2.2 abex new2

  • 2. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   Rothko’s  style  evolved  over  'me   Mark  Rothko,  An#gone,  c.  1941   Na'onal  Gallery  of  Art   Mark  Rothko,  Slow  Swirl  at  the  Edge  of  the  Sea,  1944   Museum  of  Modern  Art  
  • 3. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   1947-­‐1949  Rothko  began  series   of  mul'-­‐form  canvases   Mark  Rothko,  Number  7,  1947   Guggenheim  Museum   Mark  Rothko,  Un'tled  (Mul'form),  1948   Collec'on  of  Kate  Rothko  Prizel  
  • 4. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   1949  “classic”  style   Canvases  typically  consist  of  soQ   edged  rectangles  stacked  on  the   canvas   Mark  Rothko,  No.  3/No.  13,  1949   Museum  of  Modern  Art  
  • 5. Mark  Rothko,  Green  and  Maroon,  1953   Phillips  Collec'on   Mark  Rothko,  Ochre  and  Red  on  Red,  1954   Phillips  Collec'on  
  • 6. Mark  Rothko   No.  20   1957   Na'onal  Gallery  of  Australia  
  • 7. Mark  Rothko   White,  Red,  on  Yellow   1958   Metropolitan  Museum  
  • 8. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   Rothko’s  method  of  working   was  different  from  the  “ac'on   painters”   Rothko  in  his  West  53rd  Street  studio,  pain'ng  what   may  be  a  version  of  Un#tled,1952-­‐1953  (Guggenheim   Museum,  Bilbao),  photograph  by  Henry  Elkan,  c.  1953   Na'onal  Gallery  of  Art  
  • 9. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   Thin  washes  of  color   Henri  Ma'sse,  Red  Studio,  1911   Museum  of  Modern  Art   Rothko  in  his  West  53rd  Street  studio,  pain'ng  what   may  be  a  version  of  Un#tled,1952-­‐1953  (Guggenheim   Museum,  Bilbao),  photograph  by  Henry  Elkan,  c.  1953   Na'onal  Gallery  of  Art  
  • 10. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   Envisioned  his  pictures  as   “environments,”  rather  than   “pictures”   Viewer  looking  at  a  Mark  Rothko  pain'ng  in  the  Na'onal   Gallery  of  Art,  Washington  DC   Mark  Rothko,  1961   Image  source:     Image  source:    hbp://www.portlandart.net/archives/2009/07/the_rothko_brid.html   hbp://www.societyofcomposers.org/user/ williamdougherty.html  
  • 11. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   Medita've  environment;   doorway  to  another  reality   “Rothko  wrote  that  the  great  ar's'c   achievements  of  the  past  were   pictures  of  the  human  figure  alone   in  a  moment  of  uber  immobility.  He   sought  to  create  his  own  version  of   this  solitary  medita've  experience,   scaling  his  pictures  so  that  the   viewer  is  enveloped  in  their   luminous,  atmospheric  surface.”   Tate  Gallery   A  woman  views  Mark  Rothko's  'Orange,  Red,  Yellow',  1956  on  display  May  9,   2008  at  Sotheby's  in  New  York   hbp://www.independent.co.uk/arts-­‐entertainment/art/features/mark-­‐ rothko-­‐s'll-­‐hip-­‐to-­‐be-­‐square-­‐940133.html  
  • 12. "Small  pictures  since  the  Renaissance  are   like  novels;  large  pictures  are  like  dramas   in  which  one  par'cipates  in  a  direct  way."   Mark  Rothko   Image  source:    hbp://www.interna'onalheralddailynews.org/world_arts1.htm  
  • 13. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   The  “black  form”  pain'ngs   seem  to  look  out  into  an   expansive  abyss   Mark  Rothko,  No.  7,  1964   Na'onal  Gallery  of  Art  
  • 14. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   The  Roman'c  Sublime  -­‐-­‐  the   sense  of  awe  we  experience   when  confronted  with  the   boundlessness  of  nature   Caspar  David  Friedrich,  Monk  by  the  Seashore,  1809-­‐10   Staatliche  Museum,  Berlin    
  • 15. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   Seagrams  commission  violated   his  ideas  about  the  purpose  of   his  pain'ngs   Mark  Rothko’s  Seagrams  Murals,  as  installed  at  the  Tate  Gallery   MSNBC  
  • 16. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   Rothko  Chapel  –  realiza'on  of   his  dream  of  a  “sacred  art”   Rothko  Chapel,  Houston  Texas   Founded  by  John  and  Dominique  de  Menil  in  1971  as  an  in'mate   sanctuary  available  to  people  of  every  belief   hbp://www.rothkochapel.org/  
  • 17. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   “By  the  late  '50s  Rothko  was  a  very   successful  painter,  and  he  hated   it.  .  .  .  .  "I  have  imprisoned  the  most   uber  violence  in  every  inch  of  their   surface,"  he  claimed.  But  the  more   violence  Rothko  pumped  into  the   pictures,  the  more  plush  and   collec'ble  they  turned  out  to  be  .  .  .   Christopher  Benfey,  Slate.com   Image  source:    hbp://thisvignebe.com/  
  • 18. Mark  Rothko   (1903-­‐1970)   “Meanwhile,  he  is  chain-­‐smoking,   drinking  heavily,  and  abusing   barbiturates  .  .  .  He  has  a  heart   aback  in  1968,  leaves  his  wife  in   1969,  and  on  Feb.  25,  1970,  slits  his   wrists  and  dies  on  the  studio  floor.”   Christopher  Benfey,  Slate.com   Mark  Rothko  in  his  West  53rd  Street  studio,  c.  1953,  photograph  by  Henry   Elkan,  courtesy  Archives  of  American  Art,  Smithsonian  Ins'tu'on;  Image   source:    hbp://www.nga.gov/feature/rothko/intro1.shtm