2-1 Introduction
Uber Technologies Inc. (Uber) is a tech startup that provides ride-sharing services by
facilitating a connection between independent contractors (drivers) and riders with the use
of an app. Uber has expanded its operations to 425 cities in 72 countries around the world
and is valued at around $70 billion, making it the world’s most valuable startup.
Approximately 30 million users use Uber’s services monthly. Uber has become a key player
in the sharing economy, a new economic model in which independent contractors rent out
their underutilized resources such as vehicles or lodging to other consumers. The sharing
economy is quickly becoming an alternative to owning resources outright. Because its
services cost less than taking a traditional taxi, Uber and similar ride-sharing services have
upended the taxi industry. The company has experienced resounding success and is
looking toward expansion both internationally and within the United States.
However, Uber’s rapid success is creating challenges in the form of legal and regulatory,
social, and technical obstacles. The taxi industry, for instance, is arguing that Uber has an
unfair advantage because it does not face the same licensing requirements as they do.
Others accuse Uber of not vetting their drivers, creating potentially unsafe situations. Some
major cities are banning ride-sharing services like Uber because of these various concerns.
Additionally, Uber has faced various lawsuits, including a lawsuit filed by its independent
contractors. Its presence in the market has influenced lawmakers to draft new regulations to
govern this “app-driven” ride-sharing system. Legislation can often hinder a company’s
expansion opportunities because of the resources it must expend to comply with regulatory
requirements. Uber has been highly praised for giving independent contractors an opportunity to earn money as long as they have a car, while also offering convenient ways for consumers to get around at lower costs. Although its “Surge Pricing” technique has been criticized for charging higher fares during popular times, it is also becoming a model for other companies such as Zappos in how it compensates its call center employees. The biggest issues Uber faces include legal action because drivers are not licensed, rider and driver safety,protection and security of customer and driver information, and a lack of adequate insurance coverage. To be successful, Uber must address these issues in its marketing strategy so it can reduce resistance as it expands into other cities.
2-2 Background
In 2009 Travis Kalanick and Garrett Camp developed a smartphone application to connect
drivers-for-hire with people needing rides to a destination in their city. Earlier in the year the
founders had attended the inaugural address in Washington, D.C. and could not hail a taxi.
They recognized the need for a convenient, low-cost transportation service. This innovative
service was originally founded.
A picture is worth a thousand words. Discussion question for this.docxkeiran409es
A picture is worth a thousand words. Discussion question for this week, please view the periodic table of visualization at the following link (https://www.visual-literacy.org/periodic_table.html). Choose one Data Visualization and one Compound Visualization by placing your mouse cursor over each option.
2-1 Introduction
Uber Technologies Inc. (Uber) is a tech startup that provides ride-sharing services by
facilitating a connection between independent contractors (drivers) and riders with the use
of an app. Uber has expanded its operations to 425 cities in 72 countries around the world
and is valued at around $70 billion, making it the world’s most valuable startup.
Approximately 30 million users use Uber’s services monthly. Uber has become a key player
in the sharing economy, a new economic model in which independent contractors rent out
their underutilized resources such as vehicles or lodging to other consumers. The sharing
economy is quickly becoming an alternative to owning resources outright. Because its
services cost less than taking a traditional taxi, Uber and similar ride-sharing services have
upended the taxi industry. The company has experienced resounding success and is
looking toward expansion both internationally and within the United States.
However, Uber’s rapid success is creating challenges in the form of legal and regulatory,
social, and technical obstacles. The taxi industry, for instance, is arguing that Uber has an
unfair advantage because it does not face the same licensing requirements as they do.
Others accuse Uber of not vetting their drivers, creating potentially unsafe situations. Some
major cities are banning ride-sharing services like Uber because of these various concerns.
Additionally, Uber has faced various lawsuits, including a lawsuit filed by its independent
contractors. Its presence in the market has influenced lawmakers to draft new regulations to
govern this “app-driven” ride-sharing system. Legislation can often hinder a company’s
expansion opportunities because of the resources it must expend to comply with regulatory
requirements. Uber has been highly praised for giving independent contractors an opportunity to earn money as long as they have a car, while also offering convenient ways for consumers to get around at lower costs. Although its “Surge Pricing” technique has been criticized for charging higher fares during popular times, it is also becoming a model for other companies such as Zappos in how it compensates its call center employees. The biggest issues Uber faces include legal action because drivers are not licensed, rider and driver safety,protection and security of customer and driver information, and a lack of adequate insurance coverage. To be successful, Uber must address these issues in its marketing strategy so it can reduce resistance as it expands into other cities.
2-2 Background
In 2009 Travis Kalanick and Garrett Camp developed a smartphone application to connect
dri.
Since the proliferation of taxi booking android app development companies in usa, people's daily commutes and travel habits have changed significantly. As smartphone penetration increases, new ridesharing and carpooling apps are revolutionizing the taxi industry. Shared rides are becoming increasingly popular as a means of transportation because of their positive environmental impact. Ultimately, keep a careful note of what they've been able to do before building your own ridesharing app.
A picture is worth a thousand words. Discussion question for this.docxkeiran409es
A picture is worth a thousand words. Discussion question for this week, please view the periodic table of visualization at the following link (https://www.visual-literacy.org/periodic_table.html). Choose one Data Visualization and one Compound Visualization by placing your mouse cursor over each option.
2-1 Introduction
Uber Technologies Inc. (Uber) is a tech startup that provides ride-sharing services by
facilitating a connection between independent contractors (drivers) and riders with the use
of an app. Uber has expanded its operations to 425 cities in 72 countries around the world
and is valued at around $70 billion, making it the world’s most valuable startup.
Approximately 30 million users use Uber’s services monthly. Uber has become a key player
in the sharing economy, a new economic model in which independent contractors rent out
their underutilized resources such as vehicles or lodging to other consumers. The sharing
economy is quickly becoming an alternative to owning resources outright. Because its
services cost less than taking a traditional taxi, Uber and similar ride-sharing services have
upended the taxi industry. The company has experienced resounding success and is
looking toward expansion both internationally and within the United States.
However, Uber’s rapid success is creating challenges in the form of legal and regulatory,
social, and technical obstacles. The taxi industry, for instance, is arguing that Uber has an
unfair advantage because it does not face the same licensing requirements as they do.
Others accuse Uber of not vetting their drivers, creating potentially unsafe situations. Some
major cities are banning ride-sharing services like Uber because of these various concerns.
Additionally, Uber has faced various lawsuits, including a lawsuit filed by its independent
contractors. Its presence in the market has influenced lawmakers to draft new regulations to
govern this “app-driven” ride-sharing system. Legislation can often hinder a company’s
expansion opportunities because of the resources it must expend to comply with regulatory
requirements. Uber has been highly praised for giving independent contractors an opportunity to earn money as long as they have a car, while also offering convenient ways for consumers to get around at lower costs. Although its “Surge Pricing” technique has been criticized for charging higher fares during popular times, it is also becoming a model for other companies such as Zappos in how it compensates its call center employees. The biggest issues Uber faces include legal action because drivers are not licensed, rider and driver safety,protection and security of customer and driver information, and a lack of adequate insurance coverage. To be successful, Uber must address these issues in its marketing strategy so it can reduce resistance as it expands into other cities.
2-2 Background
In 2009 Travis Kalanick and Garrett Camp developed a smartphone application to connect
dri.
Since the proliferation of taxi booking android app development companies in usa, people's daily commutes and travel habits have changed significantly. As smartphone penetration increases, new ridesharing and carpooling apps are revolutionizing the taxi industry. Shared rides are becoming increasingly popular as a means of transportation because of their positive environmental impact. Ultimately, keep a careful note of what they've been able to do before building your own ridesharing app.
In this presentation , we try to understand the business model of Uber with digital strategy as the backbone. Also we look into the financial strategy of Uber , the challenges it is facing
Running head Uber Case Study2Uber Case Study.docxjenkinsmandie
Running head: Uber Case Study
2
Uber Case Study
Uber Case Study
XXX Student Name
June 30, 2018
I. Overview of Uber
Uber is a ride sharing company that was launched in San Francisco in 2010 when UberCab connected its first rider with a town car for a ride across the city (Uber.com). The company was designed to allow consumers to hail a ride from local drivers with the simple push of a button (using an app), and has since disrupted the taxi cab industry. The inception of Uber brought new technology and ideas into a transportation sector historically lacking in innovation and customer service. The company’s founders saw an opportunity to use technologies such as smartphones, GPS and Google Maps to improve transportation and the result has been a more convenient, faster and cheaper service.
Uber is headquartered in San Francisco, California and operates by charging consumers for rides. This is primarily how the company generates revenue (although they do participate in some advertising on their website). The Uber app facilitates the location of a driver and the transfer of funds. The fare is then charged to the consumer’s credit card (Investopedia.com, 2018). Uber quickly raised money and launched operations in hundreds of cities; it is now in over 65 countries and cities worldwide. Last year, Uber announced it had completed 4 billion trips (15 million trips are completed each day) (Uber.com).
Since 2010, Uber’s service offerings have become quite expansive. Although they initially offered only full service luxury vehicles, now when hailing a ride consumers have choices such as Uber Pool, Uber X, Uber XL and Uber Black. These choices were non-existent previously with taxi cab companies. More recently, Uber has entered other markets such as the food delivery business. They now offer services such as UberEATs which delivers food from local restaurants (Ubereats.com, 2018).
To understand Uber’s main competitors and market structure, it is important to understand some of the history behind taxi companies, especially in major cities. Taxi cab drivers had a monopoly prior to Uber entering in many cities such as New York. In 1937, New York City passed the Haas Act which established a licensing system to influence supply. The system required taxi drivers to purchase a medallion in order to operate. The government sells limited numbers of medallions which allows them to control competition and entry into the market. This is at the expense of consumers since it restricts supply and keeps costs high. Despite a growing population, the number of available medallions has remained partially fixed, only increasing marginally. Taxi drivers with a medallion enjoy high profits and have fewer incentives to ensure satisfaction. Today, the number of medallions in New York City remains capped, maintaining a barrier to entry.
After Uber launched in New York City, the prices of medallions dropped significantly; this has be.
Uber- initially known for its taxi booking services, has expanded to on-demand food delivery, freight, and much more. The brand is now recognized globally and is on continuous growth towards attracting more customers and revenue. Read the blog to know the success story of Uber and what makes this brand so lovable.
When we think about the online taxi industry, Uber is the first name that comes to mind. With its perfect solution to the much-needed target audience at the right time, Uber has been able to disrupt the taxi industry and rule the market.
The idea of Uber was developed from the owner’s personal experience when they faced difficulty finding a cab. Since its launch, Uber has constantly improved its services to ensure that it can deliver the best experience to all types of customers. From the target audience in wheelchairs to those who want to travel with their pets and babies, Uber cabs are designed for all.
If you’re considering taxi booking app development and planning to enter the ride-hailing market, Uber’s success story is a must-read. This blog will provide detailed insights into how this simple idea became a billion-dollar company.
Uber created a new market which in initial stages was uncontested market space but in the growth stage competitors flooded the market but most of the competitors are irrelevant to Uber as the company is not only dominating the market but also fast expanding across the globe.
THE TACTICS BEHIND THE GLORY OF UBER TAXI’SVARUN KESAVAN
Uber was founded in San Francisco, California in 2009. It started as a transportation network company that utilized licensed taxi drivers for its ridesharing services. In recent years the business has introduced non-taxi driving rideshare services into its business model. The idea behind the business was to integrate a mobile application into its practices to connect passengers with drivers of vehicles for hire. The drivers within their network utilize luxury vehicles for passengers to ride in style like Lincoln Town Cars, Escalades, BMW 7 Series, and Mercedes-Benz’s. Users are able to reserve vehicles by sending text messages or through the use of the application on their mobile devices. The customer can also track the vehicle as it makes its way to their location.
Ride Sharing App Development- A Gateway to Enhance Travel & Tourism Industry.pdfTechugo
Many fundamental steps are required to create ridesharing apps that are unique and effective. This includes conducting market research, selecting key features, and estimating costs.
There must be two panels, one for riders/passengers and another for drivers. This divides the fundamental elements required to build a rideshare management app.
This article will discuss the features you need to include when working with a ride sharing app development company such as Techugo to build a rideshare app.
The Next Big Thing in Transportation Exploring the Growing Demand for Uber Cl...Grepix Infotech Pvt. Ltd.
In today’s fast-paced world, transportation has evolved beyond traditional means, and the demand for innovative solutions is on the rise. Enter the era of Uber clone, the next big thing in transportation. These revolutionary platforms offer a convenient and efficient way for people to book rides on demand, transforming the way we travel. As the popularity of ride-hailing services continues to soar, entrepreneurs and businesses are recognizing the immense potential of developing their own Uber-like apps. With its user-friendly interface, seamless navigation, and real-time tracking features, an Uber clone app ensures a smooth and hassle-free experience for both riders and drivers. Moreover, it opens up new avenues for revenue generation and business expansion. Whether you’re a startup looking to disrupt the transportation industry or an established business seeking to diversify your offerings, now is the time to explore the growing demand for Uber clone app solutions. Get on board, and be part of the transportation revolution that is shaping the future.
The Rise Of Ride-sharing Apps And Their Impact On The Transportation Industry
The advent of ride-sharing apps like Uber has revolutionized the way we travel. These apps have disrupted the traditional taxi industry by offering a more convenient and cost-effective alternative. With just a few taps on their smartphones, users can request a ride and have a driver pick them up within minutes. This on-demand service has not only provided greater convenience for riders but has also created new opportunities for drivers to earn a flexible income.
Ride-sharing apps have also had a significant impact on the transportation industry as a whole. They have helped alleviate traffic congestion in urban areas by reducing the number of private vehicles on the road. Additionally, they have contributed to a decrease in carbon emissions, as ride-sharing services typically involve more efficient routing and vehicle utilization. As a result, governments and municipalities around the world are increasingly embracing these platforms as a means to improve transportation efficiency and sustainability.
The success of ride-sharing apps like Uber has paved the way for the development of Uber clone app solutions. These solutions aim to replicate the core features and functionality of Uber, allowing entrepreneurs and businesses to create their ride-hailing platforms. By leveraging the proven business model and technology behind Uber, these clone apps offer a fast and cost-effective way to enter the ride-sharing market and tap into its immense potential.
Benefits Of Using Uber Clone App Solutions For Entrepreneurs And Businesses
The growing demand for Uber clone app solutions can be attributed to the numerous benefits they offer to entrepreneurs and businesses. Firstly, these solutions provide a ready-made platform that can be customized to suit specific business requirements.
Top 9 Successful Taxi Apps Inspiring Startups.pdfEliza Smith
Starting a taxi business? This article is designed to assist you to know about the 9 successful taxi booking apps to consider prior to developing a taxi app.
How Much Does it Cost to Make a Ride-Hailing App Similar to Bolt.pdfPeppyOcean
A ride-hailing app, also known as a ride-sharing or taxi app, is a mobile application that connects passengers in need of transportation with drivers who offer their services through the platform. If you are thinking of entering in taxi industry with your app then launch your Bolt app clone. Must explore this guide and learn all about taxi app development like the Bolt app.
2. Framework Graphic Candidates will create a graphic that re.docxherminaprocter
2. Framework Graphic
Candidates will create a graphic that reflects an understanding of a conceptual/theoretical framework (preferably related to their dissertation topic). In a graphic, candidates’ creations should clearly represent their vision of the framework and include 1 – 2 paragraphs on how the dependent and independent variables are evidenced.
Dissertation topic that I submitted is in the attachment that has a file name as Survey -27
.
2. Research Article Review – Read one (1) research articles on T.docxherminaprocter
2. Research Article Review
–
Read one (1) research articles on Therapeutic Recreation in Long Term Center or a specific treatment
modality/facilitation technique appropriate for older population in a long term care setting (e.g., assisted living, nursing home, etc.) and write a reaction paper based on guide questions. Must be 3 pages minimum. No plagiarism. Must have knowledge in Therapeutic Recreation Major and modalities.
Attached is an
EXAMPLE
of what I am looking for.
.
More Related Content
Similar to 2-1 IntroductionUber Technologies Inc. (Uber) is a tech startu.docx
In this presentation , we try to understand the business model of Uber with digital strategy as the backbone. Also we look into the financial strategy of Uber , the challenges it is facing
Running head Uber Case Study2Uber Case Study.docxjenkinsmandie
Running head: Uber Case Study
2
Uber Case Study
Uber Case Study
XXX Student Name
June 30, 2018
I. Overview of Uber
Uber is a ride sharing company that was launched in San Francisco in 2010 when UberCab connected its first rider with a town car for a ride across the city (Uber.com). The company was designed to allow consumers to hail a ride from local drivers with the simple push of a button (using an app), and has since disrupted the taxi cab industry. The inception of Uber brought new technology and ideas into a transportation sector historically lacking in innovation and customer service. The company’s founders saw an opportunity to use technologies such as smartphones, GPS and Google Maps to improve transportation and the result has been a more convenient, faster and cheaper service.
Uber is headquartered in San Francisco, California and operates by charging consumers for rides. This is primarily how the company generates revenue (although they do participate in some advertising on their website). The Uber app facilitates the location of a driver and the transfer of funds. The fare is then charged to the consumer’s credit card (Investopedia.com, 2018). Uber quickly raised money and launched operations in hundreds of cities; it is now in over 65 countries and cities worldwide. Last year, Uber announced it had completed 4 billion trips (15 million trips are completed each day) (Uber.com).
Since 2010, Uber’s service offerings have become quite expansive. Although they initially offered only full service luxury vehicles, now when hailing a ride consumers have choices such as Uber Pool, Uber X, Uber XL and Uber Black. These choices were non-existent previously with taxi cab companies. More recently, Uber has entered other markets such as the food delivery business. They now offer services such as UberEATs which delivers food from local restaurants (Ubereats.com, 2018).
To understand Uber’s main competitors and market structure, it is important to understand some of the history behind taxi companies, especially in major cities. Taxi cab drivers had a monopoly prior to Uber entering in many cities such as New York. In 1937, New York City passed the Haas Act which established a licensing system to influence supply. The system required taxi drivers to purchase a medallion in order to operate. The government sells limited numbers of medallions which allows them to control competition and entry into the market. This is at the expense of consumers since it restricts supply and keeps costs high. Despite a growing population, the number of available medallions has remained partially fixed, only increasing marginally. Taxi drivers with a medallion enjoy high profits and have fewer incentives to ensure satisfaction. Today, the number of medallions in New York City remains capped, maintaining a barrier to entry.
After Uber launched in New York City, the prices of medallions dropped significantly; this has be.
Uber- initially known for its taxi booking services, has expanded to on-demand food delivery, freight, and much more. The brand is now recognized globally and is on continuous growth towards attracting more customers and revenue. Read the blog to know the success story of Uber and what makes this brand so lovable.
When we think about the online taxi industry, Uber is the first name that comes to mind. With its perfect solution to the much-needed target audience at the right time, Uber has been able to disrupt the taxi industry and rule the market.
The idea of Uber was developed from the owner’s personal experience when they faced difficulty finding a cab. Since its launch, Uber has constantly improved its services to ensure that it can deliver the best experience to all types of customers. From the target audience in wheelchairs to those who want to travel with their pets and babies, Uber cabs are designed for all.
If you’re considering taxi booking app development and planning to enter the ride-hailing market, Uber’s success story is a must-read. This blog will provide detailed insights into how this simple idea became a billion-dollar company.
Uber created a new market which in initial stages was uncontested market space but in the growth stage competitors flooded the market but most of the competitors are irrelevant to Uber as the company is not only dominating the market but also fast expanding across the globe.
THE TACTICS BEHIND THE GLORY OF UBER TAXI’SVARUN KESAVAN
Uber was founded in San Francisco, California in 2009. It started as a transportation network company that utilized licensed taxi drivers for its ridesharing services. In recent years the business has introduced non-taxi driving rideshare services into its business model. The idea behind the business was to integrate a mobile application into its practices to connect passengers with drivers of vehicles for hire. The drivers within their network utilize luxury vehicles for passengers to ride in style like Lincoln Town Cars, Escalades, BMW 7 Series, and Mercedes-Benz’s. Users are able to reserve vehicles by sending text messages or through the use of the application on their mobile devices. The customer can also track the vehicle as it makes its way to their location.
Ride Sharing App Development- A Gateway to Enhance Travel & Tourism Industry.pdfTechugo
Many fundamental steps are required to create ridesharing apps that are unique and effective. This includes conducting market research, selecting key features, and estimating costs.
There must be two panels, one for riders/passengers and another for drivers. This divides the fundamental elements required to build a rideshare management app.
This article will discuss the features you need to include when working with a ride sharing app development company such as Techugo to build a rideshare app.
The Next Big Thing in Transportation Exploring the Growing Demand for Uber Cl...Grepix Infotech Pvt. Ltd.
In today’s fast-paced world, transportation has evolved beyond traditional means, and the demand for innovative solutions is on the rise. Enter the era of Uber clone, the next big thing in transportation. These revolutionary platforms offer a convenient and efficient way for people to book rides on demand, transforming the way we travel. As the popularity of ride-hailing services continues to soar, entrepreneurs and businesses are recognizing the immense potential of developing their own Uber-like apps. With its user-friendly interface, seamless navigation, and real-time tracking features, an Uber clone app ensures a smooth and hassle-free experience for both riders and drivers. Moreover, it opens up new avenues for revenue generation and business expansion. Whether you’re a startup looking to disrupt the transportation industry or an established business seeking to diversify your offerings, now is the time to explore the growing demand for Uber clone app solutions. Get on board, and be part of the transportation revolution that is shaping the future.
The Rise Of Ride-sharing Apps And Their Impact On The Transportation Industry
The advent of ride-sharing apps like Uber has revolutionized the way we travel. These apps have disrupted the traditional taxi industry by offering a more convenient and cost-effective alternative. With just a few taps on their smartphones, users can request a ride and have a driver pick them up within minutes. This on-demand service has not only provided greater convenience for riders but has also created new opportunities for drivers to earn a flexible income.
Ride-sharing apps have also had a significant impact on the transportation industry as a whole. They have helped alleviate traffic congestion in urban areas by reducing the number of private vehicles on the road. Additionally, they have contributed to a decrease in carbon emissions, as ride-sharing services typically involve more efficient routing and vehicle utilization. As a result, governments and municipalities around the world are increasingly embracing these platforms as a means to improve transportation efficiency and sustainability.
The success of ride-sharing apps like Uber has paved the way for the development of Uber clone app solutions. These solutions aim to replicate the core features and functionality of Uber, allowing entrepreneurs and businesses to create their ride-hailing platforms. By leveraging the proven business model and technology behind Uber, these clone apps offer a fast and cost-effective way to enter the ride-sharing market and tap into its immense potential.
Benefits Of Using Uber Clone App Solutions For Entrepreneurs And Businesses
The growing demand for Uber clone app solutions can be attributed to the numerous benefits they offer to entrepreneurs and businesses. Firstly, these solutions provide a ready-made platform that can be customized to suit specific business requirements.
Top 9 Successful Taxi Apps Inspiring Startups.pdfEliza Smith
Starting a taxi business? This article is designed to assist you to know about the 9 successful taxi booking apps to consider prior to developing a taxi app.
How Much Does it Cost to Make a Ride-Hailing App Similar to Bolt.pdfPeppyOcean
A ride-hailing app, also known as a ride-sharing or taxi app, is a mobile application that connects passengers in need of transportation with drivers who offer their services through the platform. If you are thinking of entering in taxi industry with your app then launch your Bolt app clone. Must explore this guide and learn all about taxi app development like the Bolt app.
2. Framework Graphic Candidates will create a graphic that re.docxherminaprocter
2. Framework Graphic
Candidates will create a graphic that reflects an understanding of a conceptual/theoretical framework (preferably related to their dissertation topic). In a graphic, candidates’ creations should clearly represent their vision of the framework and include 1 – 2 paragraphs on how the dependent and independent variables are evidenced.
Dissertation topic that I submitted is in the attachment that has a file name as Survey -27
.
2. Research Article Review – Read one (1) research articles on T.docxherminaprocter
2. Research Article Review
–
Read one (1) research articles on Therapeutic Recreation in Long Term Center or a specific treatment
modality/facilitation technique appropriate for older population in a long term care setting (e.g., assisted living, nursing home, etc.) and write a reaction paper based on guide questions. Must be 3 pages minimum. No plagiarism. Must have knowledge in Therapeutic Recreation Major and modalities.
Attached is an
EXAMPLE
of what I am looking for.
.
2) In examining Document 4 and Document 6, how did the.docxherminaprocter
2)
In examining
Document 4
and
Document 6
, how did the onset of the Cold War redefine what it meant to be an American? What role do these documents suggest loyal citizens play in waging war against Communism? In examining the political cartoon (
Document 5
), how does the artist critique the “anti-subversive” efforts that took place during the Second Red Scare? In what ways does the McCarthy era continue to influence American society?
3)
The turbulent 1960s saw numerous attempts to identify the root problems within American society and the role of citizens in resolving them. In examining
Document 7
,
Document 8
, and
Document 9
, what common problems are identified within American society? What are some of the differences? What role did each of these documents suggest Americans should play in achieving social justice? Are their arguments persuasive? Why or why not?
4)
The last several decades of the Twentieth Century saw the emergence of new groups of Americans claiming rights as citizens. To what extent does the failure of the Equal Rights Amendment (
Document 10
) to be ratified, but the signing of Title IX (
Document 11
) into law, signal about the changing role and rights of women in modern America? After reading President George H.W. Bush’s remarks (
Document 12
), why do you believe it took so long for the country to acknowledge and protect the rights of the disabled?
5)
How does Maya Angelou’s inauguration poem (
Document 13
) reflect upon the identity of “hyphenated Americans” by the early 1990s? In reading
Document 14
, how does President-Elect Barack Obama define Americanism? Looking back over documents 1-13, did his election, as the first person of color to become President of the United States, resolve the questions and crises surrounding the definition of an American citizen? In a post-9/11 world, has America progressed in its inclusiveness? Why or why not?
.
2. Sandra is a parent who believes that play is just entertainment f.docxherminaprocter
2. Sandra is a parent who believes that play is just entertainment for children, whereas Petra is a parent who believes that play is developmentally beneficial for children. Which is likely to be true about Sandra and Petra?
Group of answer choices
A. Sandra’s children are more likely to have richer imaginations than Petra’s children.
B. Sandra is less likely than Petra to encourage pretend play.
C. Petra is more likely than Sandra to encourage associative play.
D. Petra is less likely than Sandra to provide props for her children to play with.
3. Three-year-old Aiko is pretending that her teddy bear is going to the beach and places a paper plate on the teddy bear’s head as a “hat.” Aiko is demonstrating...
Group of answer choices
A. dual representation
B. egocentrism
C. centration
D. animistic thinking
5.
Nikki and Anna are both running for class president. When Anna wins the election, Nikki is jealous and spreads rumors about Anna. Nikki is displaying .. (pick below.......) aggression
A. verbal
B."reactive",
C"physical",
D"proactive"]
6. Kris has a preschool-age daughter named Leila. When Kris gives Leila three cookies and asks her to count them, Leila points to each cookie, one-by-one, and says, “One, two, three.” When Kris asks Leila, “How many cookies do you have?” Leila proudly answers, “Three!” Leila is demonstrating an understanding of...
Group of answer choices
A. Cardinality
B.arithmetic
C. quantity comparisons
D. Ordinality
.
2.2 Discussion What Is LeadershipGetting StartedR.docxherminaprocter
2.2 Discussion: What Is Leadership
Getting Started
Recognizing good organizational leader characteristics is important, not only to ensure that your leadership style is benefiting the organization but also to identify these characteristics in others so they can provide the greatest service to the organization.
This assignment is a continuation of material from Chapter 1 and your 1.2 Discussion. This material will help you understand organizational leader characteristics as you consider and defend your perspectives and consider those of your peers.
Upon successful completion of this discussion, you will be able to:
Evaluate leadership styles.
Resources
Textbook:
Leadership: Enhancing the Lessons of Experience
Background Information
In this discussion, you will consider the various definitions of leadership as provided in the textbook from the authors' review of literature in the field of leadership. You will also explore the concept of leadership as both rational and emotional as well as the differences between the roles of a manager versus the roles of a leader.
The concept of followership is also introduced in this assignment's reading from the textbook, as well as the growing role of women in leadership positions and responsibilities.
Instructions
Review the rubric to make sure you understand the criteria for earning your grade.
Review Chapter 1, "What Do We Mean by Leadership?", in our textbook. As you review, reflect upon the definitions of leadership and how these definitions and other aspects of leadership add to your prior understanding of a leader's role in an organization.
Conduct a critical analysis of the postings by two of your classmates from the posts submitted in 1.2 by the end of the workshop and should be written as if you were reviewing their posting in an academic journal. Your discussion response should, therefore, answer the following questions as applicable:
Were three leadership definitions clearly defined with examples and clear, insightful critical thinking? Comment on two of the three definitions of leadership presented in the post of your classmates. Do you agree or disagree with their interpretation of the definition of leadership? Provide rationale from personal examples or subject matter expert opinions.
Did the discussion of leadership as an art or a science include a detailed explanation that demonstrates clear, insightful critical thinking? Review your classmates' posts. Does their explanation support defining leadership as either an “art” or a “science”? Explain.
Was the concept of spiritual gifts effectively discussed, relating the concept to that of leadership styles?
In addition to commenting on the critical thinking displayed in the post, offer your comments on the original post and provide your overall agreement or disagreement with the poster’s concept of leadership. Your response to each question above should be one paragraph in length and cite one academic source.
.
2. You are a member of the Human Resource Department of a medium-si.docxherminaprocter
2. You are a member of the Human Resource Department of a medium-sized organization that is implementing a new interorganizational system that will impact employees, customers, and suppliers. Your manager has requested that you work with the system development team to create a communications plan for the project. He would like to meet with you in two hours to review your thoughts on the KEY OBJECTIVES OF THE COMMUNICATIONS PLAN. What should those objectives be?
.
2.1. What is Strategic Human Resource Management Differentiate bet.docxherminaprocter
2.1. What is Strategic Human Resource Management? Differentiate between strategic context and HR as a profit center. What are the Strategic Human Management tools, metrics used in managing human resources, and strategy-base metrics?
2.2. What can managers do to improve employee engagement and how to measure it?
3.1. What is job analysis? Describe at least four methods for collecting data. Also, what are competencies and how to write competencies?
.
2,___Use of no less than six slides and no more than seven .docxherminaprocter
2,___Use of no less than six slides and no more than seven:
a. An introductory slide with the title or research question and your name and student number.
b. The remaining 4-5 pieces of information will be responsible for answering the information question:
What was the impact of ________en the history of _________?
c. An APA-style bibliography slide.
3.__one or more than another image in the power point related to the theme. One of these images may be the image of the neighbor being investigated.
4.__Bibliografía (no less than 4 references: Two from the Internet, one from one book and one from an interview- APA style)
7. ___write in your own words. No copy paste.
8. __ (Correct spelling and punctuation and note that the writing is yours and not a copy paste from the Internet or a book). Check the work before delivering it with this same check list.
V. Depth
9.__Desarrollo of the research question. Answer it through the power point presentation.
10. __ Depth in the study. Copy paste is not accepted. Any plagiarism (may be: copy a concept, even a sentence, whose intellectual author is not you, invalidates this research- see the university's politics regarding plagiarism). Each criterion is worth ten points.
¿Cómo impacta la novela a la historia de Puerto Rico?
Yeralis M. Rivera Arguinzoni
B00569846
Dra. Vilma Pizarro
Historia de Puerto rico
Universidad Interamericana Recinto de Barranquitas
Comienzos de la novela en Puerto Rico
La literatura en Puerto Rico comienza a finales del siglo XIX.
Movimiento del romanticismo( Europa: Alemania, Inglaterra y España)
Géneros literarios: Poesía, teatro, ensayo y narrativa( novela, cuentos, leyendas, etc.).
La novela es el último género en llegar a Puerto Rico y a América.
En estas novelas trataban los temas de: el amor a la patria, el destino, la muerte, Dios y el progreso, entre otros.
La primera novela puertorriqueña
Hay dos teorías sobre la primer novela puertorriqueña:
Luz y Sombra(1893) = Escrita por Ana Roque de Duprey, primera novela escrita en Puerto Rico.
“La Peregrinación de Bayoán”(1863) = Escrita por Eugenio María de Hostos, primera novela escrita por un puertorriqueño pero es escrita en España. Esta es la mas aceptada como la primera novela puertorriqueña. Su tema principal era la lucha por la identidad del puertorriqueño. Ideas políticas y sociales de Hostos luego del grito de Lares y el grito de Yara(Cuba), fueron expresadas en esta novela.
Otros escritores importantes de la época
Manuel Zeno Gandía = Considerado como el más grande novelista de Puerto Rico. Sus obras: “La Charca”, “Garduña” y “El Negocio”, conocidas como “Crónicas de un mundo enfermo”, se escriben ya bajo el naturalismo. Presentan a un Puerto Rico enfermo y la situación crítica de un Puerto Rico abandonado por España.
Enrique A. Laguerre = Sus obras más importantes: “La Resaca” y “La llamarada”. Sus obras presentan la pésima situación de vida del campesinado a finales del siglo XIX.
.
2. Multicultural Interview Paper Students may begin this.docxherminaprocter
2.
Multicultural Interview Paper
Students may begin this assignment by selecting an individual from a culture differing from their own. This may be any culture or subgroup covered in the course content, such as adolescents, elderly adults, and persons with disabilities.
Students are not limited to these groups.
Students will create a series of interview questions focused on issues and concerns pertinent to the culture or subgroup
. Interview questions are to be specific and designed to help the student learn more about the culture or subgroup as it relates to Addictions & course studies. Students may use their text book and other course resources as guidelines for developing questions. Students should develop a minimum of eight-10 interview questions.
Students
must
submit interview questions to the course instructor and receive approval of the questions before proceeding with the assignment.
Students will then use these approved questions during the interview with the consenting individual and write a two page summarization of the questions with the answers received by the individual. The paper must be in question/answer format.
.
2-4A summary of your findings regarding sexual orientation and.docxherminaprocter
2-4
A summary of your findings regarding sexual orientation and its impact on life-span development, including findings from the resources and from the journal article(s) you selected during your research
An explanation of how you might apply your findings to social work practice
.
2- to 4A description of the services in your local communi.docxherminaprocter
2- to 4
A description of the services in your local community that support individuals in later adulthood
An evaluation of the effectiveness of the services you identified
A description of service gaps you identified
An explanation of how to improve existing services
A description of services that should be added, and why
.
2 or more paragraphAs previously noted, the Brocks have some of.docxherminaprocter
2 or more paragraph
As previously noted, the Brocks have some of their investment portfolio in conservative stocks. These equities have had very slow growth while regularly paying a small dividend.
Pam and Josh have received several emails recently with suggestions about various biotechnology, retailing, and environmental companies. The investment advisers believe that these industries would provide an opportunity for strong long-term financial gains.
In recent years, the Brocks have made extensive use of mutual funds in their investment portfolio. However, they are concerned that their selection of the funds may not be coordinated. With over 9,200 different mutual funds available, this financial marketplace is confusing.
The Brocks start the evaluation process by connecting various types of mutual funds to their investments goals. Next, they assess the past performance and management of the funds. Finally, they talk with various financial advisers and other investors to gather additional information.
Life Situation
Pam, 43
Josh, 45
3 Children, ages 16, 14 and 11
Financial Data
Monthly income$4,900 / Living expenses$4,450/ Assets$262,700/ Liabilities$84,600/ Emergency Fund$5,000
Q1. According to Pam, "We both know we should have started our investment program sooner, but we always seemed to have 'emergencies' that took what extra money we had." To what extent should the Brocks invest in stocks as a major portion of their investment portfolio?
.
2 postsRe Topic 2 DQ 1Social determinants of health are fac.docxherminaprocter
2 posts
Re: Topic 2 DQ 1
Social determinants of health are factors affecting peoples’ health, functioning and well-being, such as environmental conditions, social, and economic variables. Socioeconomic environmental factors contributing to infectious disease occurrence include crowding, unsanitary, unavailability of uncontaminated foods and water. These conditions provide an environment required for continuous chain of infection; the process required for transmission of disease. There are 6 components in the chain, or a cycle, of infection: organisms, reservoir, portal of exit, transmission, portal of entry, and a suspectable host (Green, 2018). To stop spreading of a communicable disease, the process has to interrupted or the chain of infection has to be broken at any point. Nurses, working in communities can decrease of the infectious diseases spreading. Promoting vaccination to lowering susceptible hosts number; and educating on sign and symptoms for early self-isolation to protect one’s family members from getting sick, breaking the transmission link. Educating on thorough hand hygiene and reducing face touching may protect one from getting sick eliminate portal of entry link. Proper respiratory hygiene, such as using disposable tissues and covering the mouth when sneezing, may stop the transmission on the stage of the pathogen leaving the reservoir via portal of exit (CDC.gov).
Noncommunicable chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, have grown in endemic and epidemic proportions, are developing from a combination of determinants including environmental, physiological, and behavioral factors, additionally to genetic disposition (Green, 2018). Lack of knowledge and motivation, unavailability of healthcare services and financial resources contribute to developing of such diseases.q
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2 peer responses due in 4 hoursMALEETAS POSTWorld War .docxherminaprocter
2 peer responses due in 4 hours
MALEETA'S POST:
World War II film
Saving Private Ryan (1998), directed by one of my favorites,
Steven Spielberg, is what I the topic my topic of week five’s discussion. This film is like no other World War II film that I have seen because of the realistic combat. I found myself getting overwhelmed, covering my eyes, and getting sick to my stomach from time to time through the movie. From the very beginning of the film on Omaha Beach, the D-Day landing scene gave me a glimpse of how the stress of combat experience could have felt.
Movie-watchers do not think about how the color scheme plays a significant part and sets different tones. The muddy browns, dark greens, and greys are the predominant colors throughout the movie. This movie does not have many vibrant, happy colors, and for a good reason. For instance, in
Saving Private Ryan
, the Normandy landing scene opens slowly to a beach. The setting is solemn, and the continuous color scheme of bland greys is an excellent cinematography piece. I felt like it made the red blood colors and the explosion colors stand out even more. Also, almost every shot was dreary and had vintage-like colors that gave the feeling of war and hopelessness. There was a part in this scene when the soldiers were near water that contrasted the typically dreary colors with a calming blue hue. The change of color gave me some hope that it may be safer under the surface, and then those hopes were instantly shattered when shots were fired, and red clouds pierced through the calming blue colors punishing me for even thinking there was any hope approaching the soldiers. This is an excellent mise-en-scene because it represented my change of emotions.
Another color paly example is in the scene where “Duty” is talking and joking as the crew marches toward their mission. Throughout this scene, the conversation is more cheerful, but the lighting and colors of grey and green continue to give a gloomy narrative, so my mood does not change much.
Saving Private Ryan has the same dull, dreary colors and low-key lighting, which looks dark and intensifies the shadows as the other War films in Week Five’s content. The desaturation of color is often used in war films.
Saving Private Ryan’s narrative, editing, camera movement, and color scheme throughout the movie jumped out of the screen and attacked me as a viewer. Every part of its cinematography placed the watcher in the combat experience, and I loved it in a good but bad way.
COLIN'S POST:
The war film I watched for this week was
1917 (2019)
directed by Sam Mendes. This film takes place during World War I and follows two British soldiers throughout most of the movie. This film is unique because it is shot as a "one shot film" where the director uses lighting and different angles with very few cuts to give a continuous feeling throughout the entire film. It gives audiences a more connected feeling as it seems like the scenes never end.
2 Pages for 4 questions below1) Some say that analytics in gener.docxherminaprocter
2 Pages for 4 questions below
1) Some say that analytics in general dehumanize managerial activities, and other say they do not. Discuss arguments for both point of view.
2) What are some of the major privacy concerns in employing intelligent systems on mobile data?
3) Identify some cases of violations of user privacy from current literature and their impact on data science as a profession.
4) Search the internet to find examples of how intelligent systems can facilitate activities such as empowerment, mass customization, and team work.
Reflection paper 3 Pages
What has been significant about this course that will help you perform data science tasks in the future.
Please refer to at least
2 items
in the course content that really stood out to either positive or negative.
.
2 Ethics Session 1.pptxEthics in Engineering Pra.docxherminaprocter
2 Ethics Session 1.pptx
Ethics in Engineering Practice
MET 2711
1
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
What is Engineering?
Engineers concern themselves with:
“the art of the practical application of scientific and empirical knowledge to the design and production or accomplishment of various sorts of constructive projects, machines and materials of use or value to man.”
“Value is not necessarily measured by an economic yardstick; the ancient pyramids and not a few structures since are of slight economic worth, while their value in terms of faith and beauty has often been considerable.”
2
Socrates on Ethics
Ethics are the norms by which acceptable and unacceptable behavior are measured.
According to Socrates, one develops ethics through maturity, wisdom and love.
Introduced the concept of teaching ethics and acceptable standards of conduct in 400 B.C.
Believed virtue was found primarily in human relationships, love and friendship, not through material gains.
3
https://classroom.synonym.com/what-were-socrates-beliefs-on-ethics-12084753.html
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
A Brief Look at Engineering Projects Through the Ages
4
Roman Aquaducts
Contributed to the health and welfare of the society
Provided 200 million gallons of clean running water and plumbing to individual structures daily (200 gallons per person)
Supported economic activity
Allowed city of Rome to grow to approximately 1 million people
312 BCE to 500 AD
5
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Santa Maria del Fiori (Florence Basilica)
Earliest and largest free-standing dome
Built as Europe recovered from the Black Plague, which killed approximately 1/3 of the population
An example of a project that reflected optimism for the future (faith and beauty)
Design competition in 1423
Brunelleschi proposes unique design, but contract requires him to share project responsibilities with Ghiberti
Brunelleschi had lost prior design competition to Ghiberti
6
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/renaissance-reformation/early-renaissance1/sculpture-architecture-florence/v/brunelleschi-dome-of-the-cathedral-of-florence-1420-36
Santa Maria del Fiori (Florence Basilica)
Designs unique dome requiring no scaffolding. Uses brick in herringbone pattern to distribute weight out and down.
Includes a series of horizontal chains to keep structure from expanding outward
When time to install chains, Brunelleschi claims to be ill, so Ghiberti starts chain installation (without full details from Brunelleschi)
Brunelleschi “recovers” and criticizes the work, saying it will all have to be re-done
Setting up his fellow architect to fail (dishonorable conduct)
7
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/renaissance-reformation/early-renaissance1/sculpture-ar.
2 1 5L e a r n I n g o b j e c t I v e sC H A P T E R.docxherminaprocter
2 1 5
L e a r n I n g o b j e c t I v e s
C H A P T E R 8
H U M A N R E S O U R C E S
M A N A G E M E N T
They’re not employees, they’re people.
—Peter Drucker
➤ Describe the range of human resource functions in the medical practice.
➤ Appreciate the range of professionals that are found in medical practices.
➤ Articulate the steps in the hiring function.
➤ Understand regulations that are specific to the employment process.
➤ Illustrate the steps in managing change.
➤ Describe why leading change is important to medical practice management.
In t r o d u c t I o n
Healthcare employment constitutes about 9 percent of the American workforce, with about
3 percent being professionals (KFF 2016). Hiring and sustaining a high-caliber staff are
two of the most important functions of managing a physician practice. Without a prop-
erly trained and motivated staff, providing high-quality services to the practice’s patients
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EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 4/7/2020 7:56 PM via SUNY CANTON
AN: 1839064 ; Wagner, Stephen L..; Fundamentals of Medical Practice Management
Account: s8846236.main.eds
F u n d a m e n t a l s o f M e d i c a l P r a c t i c e M a n a g e m e n t2 1 6
is difficult. An old saying in human resources management, “Hire for attitude, and train
for skill,” is particularly applicable today, when in the highly competitive medical practice
environment, patients have increasingly high expectations of their providers. Simply having
technical skills is not adequate to build and maintain a successful practice. Staff must be
able to engage patients in a positive and constructive way to earn their trust and satisfac-
tion. Although data seem to conflict on this point, many researchers believe engaged and
satisfied patients are more likely to comply with the instructions of their providers than are
disengaged, unsatisfied patients, leading to better outcomes (e.g., Kane, Maciejewski, and
Finch 1997). More recently, a study by Fenton, Jerant, and Bertaski (2012) found little
connection between satisfaction and clinical outcome; in fact, the researchers found that
mortality was higher, as were expenditures and utilization, among more satisfied groups.
Other authors have observed this tenuous connection as well (Kennedy, Tevis, and Kent
2014). The controversy has intensified as more physician payment is tied to patient satis-
faction. Some issues that complicate this concept are the lack of common definitions and
measures of satisfaction and the complexity inherent in defining.
2 Requirements Elicitation A Survey of Techniques, Ap.docxherminaprocter
2 Requirements Elicitation: A Survey of Techniques,
Approaches, and Tools
Didar Zowghi and Chad Coulin
Abstract: Requirements elicitation is the process of seeking, uncovering, acquir-
ing, and elaborating requirements for computer based systems. It is generally un-
derstood that requirements are elicited rather than just captured or collected. This
implies there are discovery, emergence, and development elements to the elicita-
tion process. Requirements elicitation is a complex process involving many ac-
tivities with a variety of available techniques, approaches, and tools for perform-
ing them. The relative strengths and weaknesses of these determine when each is
appropriate depending on the context and situation. The objectives of this chapter
are to present a comprehensive survey of important aspects of the techniques, ap-
proaches, and tools for requirements elicitation, and examine the current issues,
trends, and challenges faced by researchers and practitioners in this field.
Keywords: requirements, elicitation, techniques, approaches, tools, issues, chal-
lenges, trends, survey.
2.1 Introduction
The importance of requirements engineering (RE) within software systems deve l-
opment has long been established and recognized by researchers and practitioners
alike (Chapter 1). The elicitation of requirements represents an early but continu-
ous and critical stage in the development of software systems. The requirements
for a software system may be spread across many sources. These include the prob-
lem owners, the stakeholders, documentation, and other existing systems. Because
of the communication rich nature of requirements elicitation activities, many of
the effective techniques do not originate from the traditional areas of software en-
gineering or computer science research. Techniques for requirements elicitation
are derived mostly from the social sciences, organizational theory, group dynam-
ics, knowledge engineering, and very often from practical experience.
The process of requirements elicitation is generally accepted as one of the criti-
cal activities in the RE process. Getting the right requirements is considered as a
vital but difficult part of software development projects [36]. A recent field study
of fifteen RE teams carried out by Hofmann and Lehner [31] identified key RE
practices that should lead to project success. Effective elicitation of requirements
was arguably among the most important of the resulting recommended good RE
practices.
Requirements elicitation itself is a very complex process involving many activi-
ties, with multiple techniques available to perform these activities. The multi-
disciplinary nature of requirements elicitation only adds to this complexity. Elici-
tation is subject to a large degree of error, influenced by key factors ingrained in
communication problems. Despite the importance of requirements elicitation
within software development, insufficient.
2 page paper should answer the TWO following questions What ty.docxherminaprocter
2 page paper should answer the TWO following questions
What type of family system is present? (Ambiguous, distorted, etc.) Explain.
Which of Satir’s patterns of communication does the individual with a substance abuse problem use? Provide at least one example from your video.
MLA FORMAT , CITE THE YOUTUBE VIDEO
.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2-1 IntroductionUber Technologies Inc. (Uber) is a tech startu.docx
1. 2-1 Introduction
Uber Technologies Inc. (Uber) is a tech startup that provides
ride-sharing services by
facilitating a connection between independent contractors
(drivers) and riders with the use
of an app. Uber has expanded its operations to 425 cities in 72
countries around the world
and is valued at around $70 billion, making it the world’s most
valuable startup.
Approximately 30 million users use Uber’s services monthly.
Uber has become a key player
in the sharing economy, a new economic model in which
independent contractors rent out
their underutilized resources such as vehicles or lodging to
other consumers. The sharing
economy is quickly becoming an alternative to owning
resources outright. Because its
services cost less than taking a traditional taxi, Uber and similar
ride-sharing services have
upended the taxi industry. The company has experienced
resounding success and is
looking toward expansion both internationally and within the
United States.
However, Uber’s rapid success is creating challenges in the
form of legal and regulatory,
social, and technical obstacles. The taxi industry, for instance,
is arguing that Uber has an
unfair advantage because it does not face the same licensing
requirements as they do.
Others accuse Uber of not vetting their drivers, creating
potentially unsafe situations. Some
major cities are banning ride-sharing services like Uber because
of these various concerns.
2. Additionally, Uber has faced various lawsuits, including a
lawsuit filed by its independent
contractors. Its presence in the market has influenced
lawmakers to draft new regulations to
govern this “app-driven” ride-sharing system. Legislation can
often hinder a company’s
expansion opportunities because of the resources it must expend
to comply with regulatory
requirements. Uber has been highly praised for giving
independent contractors an opportunity to earn money as long as
they have a car, while also offering convenient ways for
consumers to get around at lower costs. Although its “Surge
Pricing” technique has been criticized for charging higher fares
during popular times, it is also becoming a model for other
companies such as Zappos in how it compensates its call center
employees. The biggest issues Uber faces include legal action
because drivers are not licensed, rider and driver
safety,protection and security of customer and driver
information, and a lack of adequate insurance coverage. To be
successful, Uber must address these issues in its marketing
strategy so it can reduce resistance as it expands into other
cities.
2-2 Background
In 2009 Travis Kalanick and Garrett Camp developed a
smartphone application to connect
drivers-for-hire with people needing rides to a destination in
their city. Earlier in the year the
3. founders had attended the inaugural address in Washington,
D.C. and could not hail a taxi.
They recognized the need for a convenient, low-cost
transportation service. This innovative
service was originally founded as UberCab Inc., a privately held
company. It was renamed
Uber Technologies, Inc. in 2010. Co-founders Kalanick and
Camp designed the mobile app
for iPhone and Android smartphones, enabling customers to get
an estimated time of arrival
from the driver on their smartphone with the use of an
integrated GPS system.
Consumers liked the Uber app because of its convenience and
ease-of-use. After the
mobile app is downloaded to their smartphones, passengers can
pay for the rides-for-hire
service through a third party, known as a Transportation
Network Company (TNC), using the
UberX platform that scans or takes a picture of their credit card
with the smartphone’s
camera. Uber does not maintain automobile inventory for
drivers, such as a fleet of taxicabs
or limousines. Instead, each driver-for-hire supplies his or her
own personal automobile,
gas, insurance, and maintenance of his or her own car. Drivers
can drive their own cars
where they want when they want, providing them with freedom
to run their own small
businesses. A surge pricing model is used during times of peak
demand. While Uber initially
charged about a 20 percent commission, it later introduced a
new tiered structure in some
cities that charged different commission rates depending upon
the number of hours worked.
Due to the increased demand in the rides-for-hire industry, Uber
makes about $4 billion in
4. revenue. The term uber has become so popular that people have
started using it as a verb,
much like google. Founder and former CEO Travis Kalanick
sees Uber’s services as a type
of disruptive technology, believing that the types of ride-
sharing services Uber offers will one
day make it a viable alternative to owning a car. Younger
generations appear more open to
using services as needed rather than owning them outright. In
emerging economies such as
India, many people do not own cars, which gives Uber a major
advantage. As ride sharing
continues to increase, Uber could find itself competing against
car ownership.
Uber maintains a presence in major U.S. cities including Los
Angeles, San Francisco, New
York City, Chicago, Washington D.C., and Boston. These cities
have the most driver–
partners, although many other cities also have driver–partners.
Uber technology-based
products are available under these various brands: Uber, UberX,
UberXL, UberSelect,
UberBlack, UberSUV, UberLUX, UberPool, and the logistics-
request brand UberEats. Uber
has also upgraded its current navigation service (Google and
Apple) with deCarta Mapping
Company. This new mapping system continues to improve
Uber’s navigation and location
technologies.
2-3 Uber’s Marketing Strategy
Like all companies, Uber must understand its target market and
5. maintain a strong marketing
mix to be successful. Due to its technology, Uber does not have
as many constraints as taxi
cabs, although it has encountered regulatory obstacles and some
public resistance. The
Uber business model takes advantage of the smartphone
technology of consumers and
links them with independent drivers as their cabs. This provides
a more potentially efficient
and less-expensive way to purchase transportation.
2-3a Products
Uber’s products are all digital. Consumers download Uber’s app
onto their smartphones.
When they want to request a ride, they can use the app to
contact a driver in the near
vicinity. The Uber app allows consumers to track the location of
the car and alerts them to
when the car arrives.
Uber offers a few different services to customers based upon
their preferences. Its most
used service is UberX, the low-budget option. Drivers use their
own vehicles to transport
passengers. UberSelect is a more luxurious option than UberX
but with lower prices than
the premium options. UberBlack is for consumers who desire to
have their own private
driver in a high-end sedan. UberSUV connects users with SUVs,
while UberLux is the most
expensive service with luxury vehicles. UberXL is similar to
UberSUV but costs 50 percent
less. Another low-cost option includes UberPool, which allows
passengers to share rides
and split the costs.
Uber is also attempting to expand into other services. Its
UberEats is a meal delivery app
that partners with local restaurants to offer meals to consumers
6. within 10 minutes. Uber is
also looking to break into the emerging self-driving car industry
(known as autonomous
cars), competing against the likes of Google and Tesla. Uber
partnered with Carnegie
Mellon University to begin testing autonomous cars in
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.Since it is
still in the testing stage, autonomous cars have two Uber
employees in the front seat ready
to take the wheel if needed. The company hopes to take what it
learns to improve how
autonomous cars run in different terrains. These new services
are allowing Uber to branch
out and expand into different businesses.
2-3b Distribution
Uber operates in more than 425 cities in 72 countries. One
major reason Uber is so popular
is because its app allows users to contact any drivers in the near
vicinity. Drivers use the
Uber app to provide them with directions. Los Angeles, San
Francisco, New York, Chicago,
Washington D.C., and Boston have the most drivers in the
United States. Most Uber drivers
offer their ride-sharing services on a part-time basis.
To be successful, Uber engages in strategic partnerships with
other companies. In the
United States it partnered with American Express. Card
members enrolled in American
Express’s Membership Rewards program can earn points with
Uber for rides. Strategic
partnerships with local firms are especially important as Uber
expands internationally
because it allows the company to utilize the resources and
knowledge of domestic firms
familiar with the country’s culture. Uber has partnered with
7. Times Internet in India, Baidu in
China, and AmericaMovil in Latin America.
2-3c Pricing
Uber uses its app to determine pricing. Once the passenger
completes his or her ride with
an Uber partner–driver, the person’s credit card is charged
automatically. Fees charged for
speeds over 11 miles per hour are charged by the distance
traveled. Uber operates on a
cost leadership basis, claiming that it offers lower rates than
taxis. However, the app
OpenStreetCab suggests that Uber might be more cost-efficient
only when the fare is more
than $35.
Uber uses an algorithm to estimate fees charged when demand is
high. Called surge
pricing, Uber has even applied for a patent for this type of
system. This “peak pricing”
strategy is not too different than when utilities or flights charge
higher prices when demand
is high. Passengers are alerted during times when the price is
higher. However, the extent of
the pricing increase has been questioned as some consumers
believe Uber uses this high
demand to “price gouge” passengers.
In some situations, Uber’s surge pricing has led to considerable
criticism. During one New
Year’s Eve, pricing surged up to seven times the normal price.
During a hostage crisis in
Sydney, Australia, Uber charged as much as four times the
normal price as an influx of
people struggled to evacuate. Uber responded by claiming its
price hikes encouraged more
drivers to pick up passengers in the area, but consumers were
outraged. Within an hour
8. Uber agreed to refund users in the Sydney area who paid the
higher prices. In extreme
shortages, prices are sometimes hiked to as high as 6–8 percent.
On the one hand, it can
be argued that surge pricing increases the number of drivers
during times of high demand. It
is estimated that the number of drivers increases by 70–80
percent due to surge pricing. On
the other hand, consumers believe this is a form of price
gouging and that Uber capitalizes
on emergency situations such as the Sydney hostage crisis. Uber
has to reconcile these
different situations to create a pricing strategy considered fair
by its users.
2-3d Promotion
Uber has engaged in a number of promotional activities to make
its brand known. Often it
adopts buzz marketing strategies to draw attention to its
services. For instance, to celebrate
National Ice Cream Month one year Uber launched on-demand
ice cream trucks in seven
major cities. In one promotion Uber partnered with General
Electric to offer free DeLorean
rides to San Francisco users reminiscent of the movie Back to
the Future. Uber also uses
promotion to portray its benefits compared to its rivals. For
instance, Uber assumed a
combative advertising approach to its major rival Lyft through a
Facebook ad campaign.
Uber advertising often stresses the convenience and low cost of
its ride-sharing services.
However, like all companies Uber must take care to ensure that
its advertising could not be
construed as misleading. A lawsuit was filed in the U.S. District
Court in San Francisco
9. stating that Uber violated the 1946 Lanham Act that prohibits
false advertising. Taxi
companies claimed, for instance, that Uber’s drivers do not have
to undergo fingerprinting in
California as part of background checks, and yet it used
advertising such as “the safest ride
on the road” and sets “the strictest safety standards possible,”
as well as Uber’s $1 “Safe
Rides Fee.” According to the taxi drivers, these deceptive
advertising practices take
customers away from their services and are therefore leading to
economic harm.
2-4 Uber Faces Challenges
Uber faces a number of challenges including internal struggles,
legal and regulatory
challenges, and global issues. In the United States, major cities
are considering regulating
Uber. However, it faces even more challenges as it expands
internationally as some
countries are opting to ban Uber services. Uber will have to
adapt its marketing strategy to
address both domestic challenges within the United States and
the various laws enforced in
different countries.
2-4a Internal Challenges—Driver Relations
Uber operates in an industry where trust between strangers is
vital. This trust ensures a
safe and comfortable ride for both passenger and driver. Uber
has developed a rating
system to help assure this trust and reliability between
passengers and drivers, called a
ride-share ratings system. Ride-share rating systems pose a
unique challenge for Uber
because of the way they are set up and the level of rider
objectivity. Uber’s insistent policy of
maintaining a five-star fleet can put drivers at a disadvantage.
10. Uber rivals have similar
policies; for instance, Lyft tells customers that anything less
than 5 stars indicate
unhappiness with the ride.
Low driver scores can mean drivers are forced to take remedial
classes where they learn
about safe driving techniques and driver etiquette. Those who
fail to increase their scores
risk suspension or permanent deactivation. Because consumers
have different views of
what constitutes quality, it can be argued that Uber drivers are
placed at the mercy of the
consumer’s mood.
Drivers have also expressed unhappiness with Uber’s pay. Uber
will often lower fare rates in
order to gain a competitive advantage in different markets,
which cuts into driver earnings.
Additionally, drivers are driving their own cars and spending
their personal funds on upkeep
and insurance. In 2014 drivers working with Teamsters Local
986 launched the California
App-based Drivers Association (CADA), an Uber drivers’
Union. More cities have started
their own unions.
Uber has begun to guarantee hourly earnings of $10–$26 per
hour for its drivers, but to
qualify drivers have to comply with Uber’s rules including
accepting 90 percent of ride
requests, doing one ride per hour, and being online 50 out of 60
minutes. Critics say these
restrictions effectively keep drivers from working for other
ride-sharing services. Uber drivers
are independent contractors and not employees of the company,
so they have the option to
work for competitors. However, these new criteria may be a way
to keep drivers working for
11. Uber and no one else.
This independent contractor status has also created controversy
for drivers. Drivers claim
that Uber’s requirements make them more employees than
independent contractors. For
instance, Uber has certain rules about types of car and soliciting
business. Some also claim
that after Uber takes its commission, they end up earning less
than minimum wage.
Disgruntled drivers have staged protests and filed lawsuits
against the firm.
In 2015 Uber faced a setback when a California labor
commissioner ruled that an Uber
driver qualified as an employee. The commissioner argued that
because Uber was “involved
in every aspect of the operation,” including setting fares and
nonnegotiable fees, it had enough control over the driver for her
to qualify as an employee. Uber was ordered to pay
the driver $4,100 to cover mileage and tolls. Uber continues to
maintain that its drivers are
independent contractors and is still fighting against other
lawsuits in California. While this
does not necessarily mean all Uber drivers will qualify as
employees under the court
system, it does set a precedent for drivers in other states to file
lawsuits. If Uber encounters
more issues in this area, it might have to alter its relationship
with drivers and give up some
control so its drivers will fall beneath the employee threshold.
2-4b Corporate Culture
More recently, Uber has come under criticism for an
aggressive—and some say toxic—
corporate culture. Some prominent executives at Uber have left
the firm, claiming that the
corporate culture conflicted with their values. The problems
became so serious that one of
12. Uber’s biggest shareholders and other investors pressured
Travis Kalanick to resign as
CEO, although he will remain on the board. Kalanick was well
known for his aggressive
strategies, and according to critics, this behavior began trickling
down to employees.
Investors began to question how Kalanick’s temperament might
impact his leadership
capabilities after some high-profile negative events. For
instance, an Uber driver driving
Travis Kalanick had a heated exchange with Kalanick that was
recorded and released to the
public. Kalanick was highly criticized for his participation on
President Donald Trump’s
president advisory panel, and accusations that Uber had
weakened a taxi union strike
protest led to 200,000 customers deleting their accounts.
Autonomous car company
Waymo, owned by Alphabet Inc., has sued Uber, claiming that
one of its employees stole
trade secrets.
Like many Silicon Valley startups, Uber has also been criticized
for its lack of diversity. One
woman who worked as an engineer for the firm maintains her
sexual harassment claims
were dismissed after complaining of unwanted sexual advances
by her superior. She wrote
a blog detailing her ordeal. In response, Uber launched an
investigation into the claims.
However, it initially resisted calls from the media and Civil
Rights leader Reverend Jesse
Jackson to disclose the demographics of its workforce.
Uber’s resistance to releasing its diversity statistics coupled
with accusations of sexual
harassment led to a backlash among certain investors. Two
prominent investors wrote a
13. letter to Travis Kalanick claiming that Uber had a toxic culture
that needed to change. Uber
agreed to release its first diversity report, have its employees
undergo diversity training, and
hire a new chief operating officer. The company hired Bernard
Coleman, who was chief
diversity officer for Hillary Clinton’s presidential campaign, as
its chief diversity officer in
order to help increase the diversity of its workforce. It also
fired 20 employees it believed
were involved in harassment, discrimination, or other improper
behaviors.
Travis Kalanick responded to the negative press by apologizing
for his behavior and
admitted he needs leadership help. When morale dropped after
the engineer’s sexual
harassment allegations, he met with a group of female
employees to discuss their concerns.
Despite these positive actions, it was not enough to quell
shareholder unease. Travis
Kalanick agreed to resign as CEO due to the pressure from
investors. The challenge Uber
faces is that it has become so associated with its founder that it
may be difficult to change
leadership while maintaining such rapid expansion and success.
2-4c Legal Challenges
Regulation is a constant challenge for Uber. As it becomes more
popular, Uber will become
subject to more legal and regulatory requirements common to
other big businesses. For
instance, the Americans with Disabilities Act is becoming a
challenge for Uber. Since the
Uber service is usually operated within a driver’s personal
vehicle, many of the vehicles are
not wheelchair friendly.
14. Taxi lobbies are also pressuring local governments to block
Uber in many cities. They claim
that Uber hurts their businesses and has an unfair advantage as
Uber drivers are not
subject to the same restrictions as licensed taxi drivers. Cities
have taken action against
Uber by blocking ordinances that provide a path to legalization
for mobile ride-booking apps
and issuing cease-and-desist orders. With Uber looking into
expanding into self-driving
vehicles—a new industry that will prompt a number of safety
laws—its encounters with
regulators are not likely to decrease any time soon.
Uber has often taken an aggressive stance against regulations
that would place limitations
on its services. For instance, in 2012 when Washington D.C.
attempted to force Uber to
accept a price floor to operate in the city, Travis Kalanick
accused regulators of price fixing
and encouraged Uber users to contact their representatives. The
result was a flood of angry
responses. Kalanick’s approach to negotiating with regulators
could be described as
antagonistic as he often ignored his lobbyists’ advice to seek
compromise. Uber has also
been accused of blatantly disregarding laws in other countries
that forbid ride-sharing
services, a criticism that will be discussed more in-depth in a
later section.
In addition to having an unfair competitive advantage, another
accusation levied against
Uber is that it does not adhere to proper safety standards.
Allegedly, Uber drivers were
involved in three rapes in Delhi, India; Chicago; and Boston.
These rapes harmed Uber’s
reputation and cast its safety into question. A lawsuit was filed
15. against Uber in San
Francisco for the wrongful death of a 6-year-old girl. The
lawsuit alleged that a driver was
distracted using the UberX app when he struck and killed the
girl. Uber responded by
claiming that the driver was not an agent for Uber and was not
en route or transporting a
passenger at the time of the accident. Once again, this brings up
the issue of how much
Uber should be responsible for its drivers as independent
contractors.
To reestablish its reputation for safety, Uber has added a “safe
ride checklist” to its app,
which is a pre-pickup notification that encourages riders to
confirm the license plate number
and verify their driver’s name and appearance before entering a
vehicle. They have also
added a team of safety and fraud experts to authenticate drivers
and a dedicated incident response team to address rider issues in
India. Insurance is another criticism. Although Uber’s website
claims that it offers $1 million in liability insurance plans for
its drivers, some states are issuing warnings stating that
rideshare insurance may not cover them should there be an
accident. This is because personal cars are being used for
commercial purposes. Many states in the United States are
reconsidering insurance requirements in light of this issue, and
insurance firms such as Geico and MetLife have begun offering
insurance packages for ride-sharing services.
2-4d Global Expansion
Uber has adopted the motto “Available locally, expanding
globally” to describe the
opportunities it sees in global expansion. International
16. expansion is a major part of Uber’s
marketing strategy, and it has thus far established the ride-
sharing service in 72 countries.
Uber is correct in assuming that consumers from other countries
would also appreciate the
low cost, convenience, and freedom that its app services offer.
Even though it is successful in some countries, many countries
have regulatory hurdles that
have caused trouble for Uber to successfully operate in these
areas. Perhaps the biggest is
the failure to obtain licenses even though Uber drivers offer
many of the same services as a
taxi. Governments have responded by banning Uber or Uber
services due to the lack of
professional licenses for drivers. For instance, in Spain, Uber
shut down its ride-sharing
service after a judge ruled that Uber drivers are not legally
authorized to transport
passengers by unfairly competing against licensed taxi drivers.
Uber has since returned to
Spain with UberX, which uses licensed drivers. Police in Cape
Town, South Africa
impounded 33 cars operating with the Uber app because the
drivers did not have a taxi
license. Police in Indonesia have been prompted by taxi and
transportation operators to
investigate whether Uber’s start-up practices are illegal. Bans
have also been instituted in
France, India, and Germany.
France
In 2011 Paris became the first city outside of the United States
where Uber set up
operations. However, an attempt was made to ban one of its
services because drivers did
not need to be licensed. French police even raided Uber’s Paris
office. A French law was
17. passed mandating that operating a service that connects
passengers to non-licensed
drivers is punishable with fines of over $300,000 and up to two
years in prison. Hundreds of
Uber drivers in France were issued fines for operating illegally.
Uber challenged that law, claiming that it is unconstitutional
because it hinders free
enterprise. A French court decided against banning Uber’s
service and sent the case to a
higher court. This has generated strong criticism from taxicab
officials in France as they
claim that they have to license drivers while Uber is currently
free from this restriction.
French courts later ruled against Uber, and the company no
longer uses unlicensed drivers
in the country.
India
India is Uber’s second largest market after the United States.
India rejected Uber’s
application for a taxi license. In New Delhi a woman’s rape
allegation led to a ban against
app-based services without radio-taxi permits in the capital. In
response to the alleged rape, Uber began installing “panic
button” and tracking features to its app. Uber also began
offering its service in New Delhi without charging booking or
service fees.
Despite these changes, Uber continued to run afoul of Indian
authorities. India asked
Internet service providers to block Uber’s websites because it
continued to operate in the
city despite being banned. However, it did not ban the apps
themselves because doing so
would require it to institute the ban across the entire country.
Uber must tread carefully to
seize upon opportunities in India without violating regulatory
requirements. This is more
18. difficult as Uber drivers are independent contractors that set
their own schedules and make
their own decisions about whether to work.
Germany
In 2015 a German court banned Uber services if they used
unlicensed drivers. Uber argued
in court that the company itself is only an agent to connect
driver and rider. Rules that apply
to taxi services do not apply, and all services are deemed to be
legal, according to Uber.
The court ruled that Uber’s business model clearly infringes the
Personal Transportation
Law, because drivers transport riders without a personal
transportation license. The
injunction includes a fine of more than $260,000 per ride for
non compliance. If the
injunction is breached, drivers could go to jail for up to half a
year, in addition to an
imposition of fines. The German Taxi Association (Taxi
Deutschland) was pleased with the
outcome and claimed that taxi services will remain in the hands
of qualified people and keep
everyone safer. Despite the ruling, an Uber spokesperson said
that the company will not
give up on Germany because other Uber services that use
licensed drivers remain
unaffected by the District Court’s verdict.
2-5 Uber Addresses Risks
Long-term sustainability of Uber depends on managing future
risks in five key areas:
1. Drivers: The number of disgruntled drivers could get out of
control if Uber increases its
profit share deductions. With recent laws mandating healthcare
insurance, drivers
19. may require healthcare coverage. Training programs to improve
driving skills could
reduce risk from negligent drivers and decrease liability
insurance costs. Additionally,
if Uber successfully expands into the autonomous car industry,
it will most likely have
to deal with resistance as autonomous vehicles could reduce
and/or eliminate the
need for drivers. Finally, strong competition in the industry has
caused Uber to make
changes in how it compensates drivers, which has prompted
some drivers to complain
that they cannot make a sustainable income.
2. Competitors: Uber’s business model can be found in similar
rides-for-hire services,
such as Lyft and the Indian ride-sharing service Ola. More
rides-for-hires could
emerge, in addition to the everyday competition from taxis,
limos, rental car
businesses, air travel, trains, and city and chartered buses.
Switching costs for
customers are low, and because ride-sharing companies do not
own their own fleets,
costs of operating are much less than in other industries. This
means that Uber must
remain competitive if it wants to keep its customers loyal. Lyft
is probably Uber’s
biggest competitor in the United States with 20 percent market
share. Its smaller size
makes it easier for Lyft to subsidize drivers and lower fares.
Expanding into the
autonomous car industry will also place Uber in competition
with Google, Tesla, and
major automobile manufacturers that are also trying to enter the
industry.
3. Customer Base: Increasing the demand for rides-for-services
20. is a continuous or future
challenge that requires attention primarily to safety
improvements and rates that have
a cost/benefit to both passengers and drivers. Unpredictable
demand is a future risk
that could be met with product diversification. Currently, Uber
offers technologyoriented
products, and it must continue to be competitive in an industry
where there is
intense competition for rates.
4. Technology: Customers are wary of downloading apps, and
some online businesses
have been hacked for credit card information. Uber could
upgrade its database
security system to reduce financial or personal account
information risks. Additionally,
success in the autonomous car industry will take a lot of
investment from Uber, and many regulators are likely to be
initially wary of self-driving cars—especially since
there are so few laws governing it.
5. Customer Satisfaction: Long waits, inexperienced drivers,
and even sexual
harassment have been reported. Better Business Bureau
complaints mainly involve
pricing and problems with service. Uber might use the Internet
to check consumer
complaints and address them to improve customer satisfaction.
2-6 Conclusion
The emergence of Uber has influenced many services to follow
the Uber business model.
There are similar firms that offer ride-sharing services, and
there are firms that want to be
an Uber-type business in the way they deliver goods and
services. For example,
21. Cargomatic has developed an app to help fill space on trucks.
Cargomatic, which now
operates in California and New York, has been called the Uber
for truckers because it
connects shippers with drivers who are looking for extra
shipments to haul. This is signaling
a shift in the industry, in which people are the infrastructure
rather than buildings or fleets of
vehicles. Uber faces a number of ethical challenges, including
regulatory and legal issues both inside and outside of the United
States. Laws that protect consumers specifically target taxi
services, whereas Uber defines its services as “ride sharing” and
Uber as an “agent” of their “individual contractors.” However,
many courts do not view its services in the same way and are
forcing Uber to comply with licensing laws or stop business in
certain areas. Additionally,snafus by Travis Kalanick and
Uber’s aggressive corporate culture has led to Kalanick’s
resignation as CEO.Despite Uber’s challenges, the company has
become widely popular among consumers and independent
contractors. Supporters claim that Uber is revolutionizing the
transportation service industry. Investors clearly believe Uber is
going to be strong in the market in the long run. Uber has a
bright future and expansion opportunities are great. It is
therefore important for Uber to ensure the safety of its riders
and the drivers. It should also adopt controls to ensure that
independent contractors using its app obey relevant country
laws. Uber has to address these issues to uphold the trust of its
customers and achieve long-term market success.
2-7 Chapter Review
2-7a Questions for Discussion
1. What are the ethical challenges that Uber faces in using app-
based peer-topeer
sharing technology?
2. Since Uber is using a disruptive business model and
22. marketing strategy, what
are the risks that the company will have to overcome to be
successful?
3. Because Uber is so popular and the business model is being
expanded to
other industries, should there be regulation to develop
compliance with
standards to protect competitors and consumers?