Ante el Comité de Personal de Política Comercial Subcomité sobre el Sistema de Preferencias Generalizadas Oficina del Representante de Comercio de los Estados Unidos
UNITED STATES' ABUSE OF THE 'SERIAL LITIGATOR' DEFENSEVogelDenise
17 USC § 107 Limitations on Exclusive Rights – FAIR USE
This document has been prepared in support of DEPRIVATION OF JURY TRIAL(S) - i.e. as “For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury” – as set forth in the United States of America’s DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. Furthermore, provides a copy of a Court Order FALSELY accusing Newsome of RACIAL and ANTI-SEMITIC SLURS for addressing for what are KNOWN to be Terrorist Acts, War Crimes, Apartheid Practices/Crimes Against Humanity, and other Criminal Acts launched against her by the United States of America’s NAZI’S and/or WHITE Jews/Zionists/Supremacists!
IMPORTANT TO NOTE: Are those WHO played ROLES in the FOUNDING of Israel as the Nazis and/or WHITE Jewish/Zionists/Supremacists Law Firms as Baker Donelson Bearman Caldwell & Berkowitz: https://www.slideshare.net/VogelDenise/baker-donelson-founder-of-state-of-israel
The DENIAL of JURY TRIAL is also a defense that may be used in seeking INTERNATIONAL Judicial Review, INVESTIGATIONS and PROSECUTIONS, etc. – i.e. in taking matter(s) before INTERNATIONAL Tribunals!
- The document is a letter from the Ecuadorian Attorney General's office responding to an order to attach $96 million that the Ecuadorian government allegedly owes to Chevron.
- The order was issued in relation to an arbitration award against Ecuador in favor of Chevron, but Ecuador is appealing the award. As such, there is no definitive debt owed to Chevron at this time.
- The Attorney General argues that the funds ordered for attachment are protected and not subject to attachment under Ecuadorian law. He asks that the order be revoked.
This document is an award from the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal regarding claims brought by SEDCO, Inc. against the National Iranian Oil Company and Iran. SEDCO leased drilling rigs to NIOC through its subsidiary SISA. SEDCO alleges that after contract termination in 1979, NIOC appropriated the rigs by failing to assist with export as required and continuing to operate the rigs in Iran. NIOC argues it did not take possession of the rigs until 1980 and was only obligated to use best efforts to help with export. The tribunal must determine whether NIOC's actions around contract termination and after amounted to a taking of the rigs for which compensation is due.
The Tribunal was seized with requests from both parties regarding interim measures and jurisdiction. Regarding interim measures, the Tribunal ordered an expert to commence inventorying goods stored by Claimant and transferred some goods to a more suitable warehouse. The Tribunal also ordered Respondents to deposit additional funds to cover expert costs. However, the Tribunal declined to fully grant Respondents' request to transfer all goods, reserving final jurisdiction determination. The Tribunal invited both parties to submit evidence on jurisdiction by a set deadline.
Este documento presenta la declaración suplementaria de Fabián Andrade Narváez sobre la ley ecuatoriana en respuesta a los informes de los expertos de Chevron. Andrade concluye lo siguiente: 1) La ley ecuatoriana permite atravesar el velo corporativo en circunstancias excepcionales para prevenir fraude; 2) La ley ecuatoriana establece una presunción de responsabilidad para actividades peligrosas como las hidrocarburíferas; 3) La ley permite la acumulación de demandas civ
1) El documento presenta la declaración de tres expertos en derecho ecuatoriano que buscan corregir errores en la interpretación de la ley ecuatoriana realizada por abogados de Texaco. 2) Explican que, según la ley ecuatoriana, el Estado solo puede adoptar obligaciones contractuales de forma expresa y por escrito. La doctrina del "estoppel" no se aplica. 3) Argumen que las actividades de CEPE relacionadas con hidrocarburos son de carácter público y sus actos y contratos se rigen por derecho público
The Republic of Ecuador informs the Tribunal that on February 17, 2012, the Sole Division of the Provincial Court of Sucumbíos declared the judgment against Chevron in the Lago Agrio case to be enforceable under Ecuadorian law. The Court denied Chevron's request to suspend enforceability pending appeal or require Chevron to post a bond. The Court examined its obligations under the Tribunal's First Interim Award and international human rights treaties and found the treaties prevailed. The Republic provided the original Spanish decision and English translation.
The Respondent informs the Tribunal that it has taken measures to implement the Interim Award issued on January 25, 2011. Specifically, the Attorney General of Ecuador issued notices of the Award on January 26, 2011 to the President of Ecuador, Judiciary Council, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and appellate judges. Given the transition of judges at the National Court, notice was sent to its President on January 31. Through these official communications, the various branches of the Ecuadorian State were notified of the Interim Award and directed to suspend enforcement or recognition of any judgments against Chevron.
UNITED STATES' ABUSE OF THE 'SERIAL LITIGATOR' DEFENSEVogelDenise
17 USC § 107 Limitations on Exclusive Rights – FAIR USE
This document has been prepared in support of DEPRIVATION OF JURY TRIAL(S) - i.e. as “For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury” – as set forth in the United States of America’s DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. Furthermore, provides a copy of a Court Order FALSELY accusing Newsome of RACIAL and ANTI-SEMITIC SLURS for addressing for what are KNOWN to be Terrorist Acts, War Crimes, Apartheid Practices/Crimes Against Humanity, and other Criminal Acts launched against her by the United States of America’s NAZI’S and/or WHITE Jews/Zionists/Supremacists!
IMPORTANT TO NOTE: Are those WHO played ROLES in the FOUNDING of Israel as the Nazis and/or WHITE Jewish/Zionists/Supremacists Law Firms as Baker Donelson Bearman Caldwell & Berkowitz: https://www.slideshare.net/VogelDenise/baker-donelson-founder-of-state-of-israel
The DENIAL of JURY TRIAL is also a defense that may be used in seeking INTERNATIONAL Judicial Review, INVESTIGATIONS and PROSECUTIONS, etc. – i.e. in taking matter(s) before INTERNATIONAL Tribunals!
- The document is a letter from the Ecuadorian Attorney General's office responding to an order to attach $96 million that the Ecuadorian government allegedly owes to Chevron.
- The order was issued in relation to an arbitration award against Ecuador in favor of Chevron, but Ecuador is appealing the award. As such, there is no definitive debt owed to Chevron at this time.
- The Attorney General argues that the funds ordered for attachment are protected and not subject to attachment under Ecuadorian law. He asks that the order be revoked.
This document is an award from the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal regarding claims brought by SEDCO, Inc. against the National Iranian Oil Company and Iran. SEDCO leased drilling rigs to NIOC through its subsidiary SISA. SEDCO alleges that after contract termination in 1979, NIOC appropriated the rigs by failing to assist with export as required and continuing to operate the rigs in Iran. NIOC argues it did not take possession of the rigs until 1980 and was only obligated to use best efforts to help with export. The tribunal must determine whether NIOC's actions around contract termination and after amounted to a taking of the rigs for which compensation is due.
The Tribunal was seized with requests from both parties regarding interim measures and jurisdiction. Regarding interim measures, the Tribunal ordered an expert to commence inventorying goods stored by Claimant and transferred some goods to a more suitable warehouse. The Tribunal also ordered Respondents to deposit additional funds to cover expert costs. However, the Tribunal declined to fully grant Respondents' request to transfer all goods, reserving final jurisdiction determination. The Tribunal invited both parties to submit evidence on jurisdiction by a set deadline.
Este documento presenta la declaración suplementaria de Fabián Andrade Narváez sobre la ley ecuatoriana en respuesta a los informes de los expertos de Chevron. Andrade concluye lo siguiente: 1) La ley ecuatoriana permite atravesar el velo corporativo en circunstancias excepcionales para prevenir fraude; 2) La ley ecuatoriana establece una presunción de responsabilidad para actividades peligrosas como las hidrocarburíferas; 3) La ley permite la acumulación de demandas civ
1) El documento presenta la declaración de tres expertos en derecho ecuatoriano que buscan corregir errores en la interpretación de la ley ecuatoriana realizada por abogados de Texaco. 2) Explican que, según la ley ecuatoriana, el Estado solo puede adoptar obligaciones contractuales de forma expresa y por escrito. La doctrina del "estoppel" no se aplica. 3) Argumen que las actividades de CEPE relacionadas con hidrocarburos son de carácter público y sus actos y contratos se rigen por derecho público
The Republic of Ecuador informs the Tribunal that on February 17, 2012, the Sole Division of the Provincial Court of Sucumbíos declared the judgment against Chevron in the Lago Agrio case to be enforceable under Ecuadorian law. The Court denied Chevron's request to suspend enforceability pending appeal or require Chevron to post a bond. The Court examined its obligations under the Tribunal's First Interim Award and international human rights treaties and found the treaties prevailed. The Republic provided the original Spanish decision and English translation.
The Respondent informs the Tribunal that it has taken measures to implement the Interim Award issued on January 25, 2011. Specifically, the Attorney General of Ecuador issued notices of the Award on January 26, 2011 to the President of Ecuador, Judiciary Council, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and appellate judges. Given the transition of judges at the National Court, notice was sent to its President on January 31. Through these official communications, the various branches of the Ecuadorian State were notified of the Interim Award and directed to suspend enforcement or recognition of any judgments against Chevron.
El juez Lilia Marlene Ortiz Vásquez emitió una orden en un caso judicial entre María Aguinada y otros contra Adolfo Callejas Rivadeneira. La orden aprueba el informe del liquidadora de costas y ordena a Chevron Corporation a pagar $19,041,414,529 dólares estadounidenses o entregar propiedad equivalente en un plazo de 24 horas para satisfacer la sentencia. El juez también rechazó varias mociones presentadas por la defensa.
This letter from King & Spalding LLP to members of an arbitration tribunal requests interim measures in an ongoing arbitration between Chevron Corporation, Texaco Petroleum Company, and the Republic of Ecuador. It summarizes recent developments in related litigation in Ecuadorian courts, including the issuance of an order finalizing the evidence period and allowing for imminent judgment, as well as newly discovered evidence of plans by opposing parties to immediately attach assets and disrupt Chevron's global operations. The letter argues interim measures are urgently needed to protect the arbitration tribunal's jurisdiction and ability to provide meaningful relief by suspending enforceability of any imminent Ecuadorian court judgment.
1) The Inter-American Convention on Letters Rogatory establishes procedures for transmitting and executing letters rogatory, or requests for judicial assistance, between member states of the Organization of American States for civil and commercial matters.
2) Letters rogatory must meet certain requirements like being properly legalized and translated before they can be executed. They can be transmitted through judicial, diplomatic, or central authority channels.
3) The convention provides rules for how letters rogatory will be executed according to the laws of the receiving state and allocates responsibility for costs. It also allows some flexibility if requested by the issuing state.
This document outlines an international convention to abolish the requirement of legalization for foreign public documents. Key points:
1) It applies to public documents produced between contracting states, including documents from courts/tribunals, administrative documents, notarial acts, and official certificates.
2) Each state will exempt covered documents from legalization requirements. Legalization refers only to certifying authenticity of signatures and authority of those signing.
3) An apostille certificate placed on the document is the only formality required between contracting states to certify authenticity and authority. This simplifies legalization requirements.
The document summarizes proceedings in the Provincial Court of Justice of Sucumbíos regarding enforcement of an environmental judgment against Chevron. It orders the expansion of trademarks attached to include additional Chevron and Texaco brands. It denies Chevron's request to revoke the enforcement order, finding the arguments on jurisdiction and alleged procedural flaws have already been rejected in prior rulings. It authorizes letters rogatory to be sent to foreign authorities to aid enforcement efforts against Chevron abroad.
Case Concerning Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v. United States of America), International Court of Justice, Order on Request for the Indication of Provisional Measures (Feb. 5, 2003)
Este documento presenta la Ley para el Juzgamiento de la Colusión de 1977. La ley establece procedimientos para procesar actos colusorios fraudulentos entre dos o más personas con el objetivo de causar daño a terceros. La ley otorga jurisdicción a los jueces civiles y comerciales para procesar casos de colusión y establece procedimientos de apelación. También invalida actos afectados por colusión y ordena restaurar la situación anterior.
1) El documento presenta la declaración jurídica de Fabián Andrade Narváez, un experto ecuatoriano, sobre varias alegaciones de errores judiciales y violaciones al debido proceso en el litigio de Lago Agrio.
2) Andrade Narváez resume sus conclusiones sobre temas como el momento para adjudicar defensas preliminares, la supuesta unión inapropiada de demandas, los alegados desvíos del procedimiento aplicable en conexión con las inspecciones judiciales, la aplicación retroactiva alegada de la LMA
Este documento presenta extractos del Código de Procedimiento Civil de 1987 de Ecuador. Establece reglas sobre diferentes aspectos del proceso judicial civil, incluyendo procedimientos ordinarios y especiales, presentación de pruebas y evidencia, nombramiento y rol de peritos, y emisión de sentencias.
Roy E. Hofer, Supreme Court Reversal Rates: Evaluating the Federal Courts of Appeals, LANDSLIDE, Jan. – Feb. 2010, available at https://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/migrated/intelprop/magazine/LandslideJan2010_Hofer.authcheckdam.pdf
Ms. María Gabriela Albuja
WINSTON & STRAWN LLP
1700 K Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
U.S.A.
Mr. Ricardo Ugarte
Mr. Bruno D. Leurent
WINSTON & STRAWN LLP
200 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10166
U.S.A.
Mr. Mark Clodfelter
FOLEY HOAG LLP
1875 K Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
U.S.A.
UNCITRAL Chevron-Texaco v. Ecuador Final Award 12
The Claimants
This document is Claimants' Memorial on the Merits in an arbitration between Chevron Corporation, Texaco Petroleum Company, and the Republic of Ecuador. It summarizes that:
1) TexPet invested in Ecuador's oil industry in the 1960s under agreements requiring Ecuador to pay international prices for oil and limiting excess oil contributions. However, Ecuador violated the agreements and delayed related lawsuits by TexPet for over 14 years.
2) In 2004, Ecuador purged its judiciary of independent judges, destroying judicial independence. The new politicized judges further delayed rulings in TexPet's cases.
3) Having denied TexPet justice, Ecuador breached its obligations under customary international law, its treaty with
This letter from the tribunal requests additional information from both parties regarding Ecuador's application to dissolve three interim arbitration awards in the dispute between Chevron and Ecuador. Specifically, the tribunal asks Chevron to provide more details on enforcement proceedings outside of Canada, Brazil and Argentina. It also asks Ecuador to comment on Chevron's description of the progress of enforcement proceedings in those three countries. Finally, both parties are requested to address a recent decision by The Hague Court of Appeal relevant to Ecuador's application and provide copies of that decision in Dutch and English if possible.
This letter from Ecuador responds to the Tribunal's request for comments on Chevron's account of enforcement proceedings in Canada, Brazil, and Argentina related to the Lago Agrio judgment. Ecuador argues that the interim awards should be terminated because Chevron faces no imminent threat of irreparable harm, as Chevron claimed in 2012 to obtain the interim awards. Ecuador details the status and likely timelines of the pending enforcement actions, arguing that none will result in imminent asset seizures or irreparable harm to Chevron. Ecuador also notes that enforcement of the judgment is now legally impossible in the US, where Chevron apparently has direct assets. Therefore, Ecuador asserts, good cause exists to dissolve the interim awards.
Benoit Le Bars & Tejas Shiroor, Provisional Measures in Investment Arbitration: Wading Through the Murky Waters of Enforcement, 6 INDIAN J. ARB. L. 1, 27 (2017)
Presentation by Julie Topoleski, CBO’s Director of Labor, Income Security, and Long-Term Analysis, at the 16th Annual Meeting of the OECD Working Party of Parliamentary Budget Officials and Independent Fiscal Institutions.
El juez Lilia Marlene Ortiz Vásquez emitió una orden en un caso judicial entre María Aguinada y otros contra Adolfo Callejas Rivadeneira. La orden aprueba el informe del liquidadora de costas y ordena a Chevron Corporation a pagar $19,041,414,529 dólares estadounidenses o entregar propiedad equivalente en un plazo de 24 horas para satisfacer la sentencia. El juez también rechazó varias mociones presentadas por la defensa.
This letter from King & Spalding LLP to members of an arbitration tribunal requests interim measures in an ongoing arbitration between Chevron Corporation, Texaco Petroleum Company, and the Republic of Ecuador. It summarizes recent developments in related litigation in Ecuadorian courts, including the issuance of an order finalizing the evidence period and allowing for imminent judgment, as well as newly discovered evidence of plans by opposing parties to immediately attach assets and disrupt Chevron's global operations. The letter argues interim measures are urgently needed to protect the arbitration tribunal's jurisdiction and ability to provide meaningful relief by suspending enforceability of any imminent Ecuadorian court judgment.
1) The Inter-American Convention on Letters Rogatory establishes procedures for transmitting and executing letters rogatory, or requests for judicial assistance, between member states of the Organization of American States for civil and commercial matters.
2) Letters rogatory must meet certain requirements like being properly legalized and translated before they can be executed. They can be transmitted through judicial, diplomatic, or central authority channels.
3) The convention provides rules for how letters rogatory will be executed according to the laws of the receiving state and allocates responsibility for costs. It also allows some flexibility if requested by the issuing state.
This document outlines an international convention to abolish the requirement of legalization for foreign public documents. Key points:
1) It applies to public documents produced between contracting states, including documents from courts/tribunals, administrative documents, notarial acts, and official certificates.
2) Each state will exempt covered documents from legalization requirements. Legalization refers only to certifying authenticity of signatures and authority of those signing.
3) An apostille certificate placed on the document is the only formality required between contracting states to certify authenticity and authority. This simplifies legalization requirements.
The document summarizes proceedings in the Provincial Court of Justice of Sucumbíos regarding enforcement of an environmental judgment against Chevron. It orders the expansion of trademarks attached to include additional Chevron and Texaco brands. It denies Chevron's request to revoke the enforcement order, finding the arguments on jurisdiction and alleged procedural flaws have already been rejected in prior rulings. It authorizes letters rogatory to be sent to foreign authorities to aid enforcement efforts against Chevron abroad.
Case Concerning Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v. United States of America), International Court of Justice, Order on Request for the Indication of Provisional Measures (Feb. 5, 2003)
Este documento presenta la Ley para el Juzgamiento de la Colusión de 1977. La ley establece procedimientos para procesar actos colusorios fraudulentos entre dos o más personas con el objetivo de causar daño a terceros. La ley otorga jurisdicción a los jueces civiles y comerciales para procesar casos de colusión y establece procedimientos de apelación. También invalida actos afectados por colusión y ordena restaurar la situación anterior.
1) El documento presenta la declaración jurídica de Fabián Andrade Narváez, un experto ecuatoriano, sobre varias alegaciones de errores judiciales y violaciones al debido proceso en el litigio de Lago Agrio.
2) Andrade Narváez resume sus conclusiones sobre temas como el momento para adjudicar defensas preliminares, la supuesta unión inapropiada de demandas, los alegados desvíos del procedimiento aplicable en conexión con las inspecciones judiciales, la aplicación retroactiva alegada de la LMA
Este documento presenta extractos del Código de Procedimiento Civil de 1987 de Ecuador. Establece reglas sobre diferentes aspectos del proceso judicial civil, incluyendo procedimientos ordinarios y especiales, presentación de pruebas y evidencia, nombramiento y rol de peritos, y emisión de sentencias.
Roy E. Hofer, Supreme Court Reversal Rates: Evaluating the Federal Courts of Appeals, LANDSLIDE, Jan. – Feb. 2010, available at https://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/migrated/intelprop/magazine/LandslideJan2010_Hofer.authcheckdam.pdf
Ms. María Gabriela Albuja
WINSTON & STRAWN LLP
1700 K Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
U.S.A.
Mr. Ricardo Ugarte
Mr. Bruno D. Leurent
WINSTON & STRAWN LLP
200 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10166
U.S.A.
Mr. Mark Clodfelter
FOLEY HOAG LLP
1875 K Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
U.S.A.
UNCITRAL Chevron-Texaco v. Ecuador Final Award 12
The Claimants
This document is Claimants' Memorial on the Merits in an arbitration between Chevron Corporation, Texaco Petroleum Company, and the Republic of Ecuador. It summarizes that:
1) TexPet invested in Ecuador's oil industry in the 1960s under agreements requiring Ecuador to pay international prices for oil and limiting excess oil contributions. However, Ecuador violated the agreements and delayed related lawsuits by TexPet for over 14 years.
2) In 2004, Ecuador purged its judiciary of independent judges, destroying judicial independence. The new politicized judges further delayed rulings in TexPet's cases.
3) Having denied TexPet justice, Ecuador breached its obligations under customary international law, its treaty with
This letter from the tribunal requests additional information from both parties regarding Ecuador's application to dissolve three interim arbitration awards in the dispute between Chevron and Ecuador. Specifically, the tribunal asks Chevron to provide more details on enforcement proceedings outside of Canada, Brazil and Argentina. It also asks Ecuador to comment on Chevron's description of the progress of enforcement proceedings in those three countries. Finally, both parties are requested to address a recent decision by The Hague Court of Appeal relevant to Ecuador's application and provide copies of that decision in Dutch and English if possible.
This letter from Ecuador responds to the Tribunal's request for comments on Chevron's account of enforcement proceedings in Canada, Brazil, and Argentina related to the Lago Agrio judgment. Ecuador argues that the interim awards should be terminated because Chevron faces no imminent threat of irreparable harm, as Chevron claimed in 2012 to obtain the interim awards. Ecuador details the status and likely timelines of the pending enforcement actions, arguing that none will result in imminent asset seizures or irreparable harm to Chevron. Ecuador also notes that enforcement of the judgment is now legally impossible in the US, where Chevron apparently has direct assets. Therefore, Ecuador asserts, good cause exists to dissolve the interim awards.
Benoit Le Bars & Tejas Shiroor, Provisional Measures in Investment Arbitration: Wading Through the Murky Waters of Enforcement, 6 INDIAN J. ARB. L. 1, 27 (2017)
Presentation by Julie Topoleski, CBO’s Director of Labor, Income Security, and Long-Term Analysis, at the 16th Annual Meeting of the OECD Working Party of Parliamentary Budget Officials and Independent Fiscal Institutions.
AHMR is an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed online journal created to encourage and facilitate the study of all aspects (socio-economic, political, legislative and developmental) of Human Mobility in Africa. Through the publication of original research, policy discussions and evidence research papers AHMR provides a comprehensive forum devoted exclusively to the analysis of contemporaneous trends, migration patterns and some of the most important migration-related issues.
How To Cultivate Community Affinity Throughout The Generosity JourneyAggregage
This session will dive into how to create rich generosity experiences that foster long-lasting relationships. You’ll walk away with actionable insights to redefine how you engage with your supporters — emphasizing trust, engagement, and community!
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Indira awas yojana housing scheme renamed as PMAYnarinav14
Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) played a significant role in addressing rural housing needs in India. It emerged as a comprehensive program for affordable housing solutions in rural areas, predating the government’s broader focus on mass housing initiatives.
Bharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdfBharat Mata
Bharat Mata Channel is an initiative towards keeping the culture of this country alive. Our effort is to spread the knowledge of Indian history, culture, religion and Vedas to the masses.
karnataka housing board schemes . all schemesnarinav14
The Karnataka government, along with the central government’s Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), offers various housing schemes to cater to the diverse needs of citizens across the state. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the major housing schemes available in the Karnataka housing board for both urban and rural areas in 2024.
This report explores the significance of border towns and spaces for strengthening responses to young people on the move. In particular it explores the linkages of young people to local service centres with the aim of further developing service, protection, and support strategies for migrant children in border areas across the region. The report is based on a small-scale fieldwork study in the border towns of Chipata and Katete in Zambia conducted in July 2023. Border towns and spaces provide a rich source of information about issues related to the informal or irregular movement of young people across borders, including smuggling and trafficking. They can help build a picture of the nature and scope of the type of movement young migrants undertake and also the forms of protection available to them. Border towns and spaces also provide a lens through which we can better understand the vulnerabilities of young people on the move and, critically, the strategies they use to navigate challenges and access support.
The findings in this report highlight some of the key factors shaping the experiences and vulnerabilities of young people on the move – particularly their proximity to border spaces and how this affects the risks that they face. The report describes strategies that young people on the move employ to remain below the radar of visibility to state and non-state actors due to fear of arrest, detention, and deportation while also trying to keep themselves safe and access support in border towns. These strategies of (in)visibility provide a way to protect themselves yet at the same time also heighten some of the risks young people face as their vulnerabilities are not always recognised by those who could offer support.
In this report we show that the realities and challenges of life and migration in this region and in Zambia need to be better understood for support to be strengthened and tuned to meet the specific needs of young people on the move. This includes understanding the role of state and non-state stakeholders, the impact of laws and policies and, critically, the experiences of the young people themselves. We provide recommendations for immediate action, recommendations for programming to support young people on the move in the two towns that would reduce risk for young people in this area, and recommendations for longer term policy advocacy.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
2024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 41
2017 09-12 roe's ustr submission exhibits index v2
1. PUBLIC DOCUMENT
Before the Trade Policy Staff Committee
Subcommittee on the Generalized System of
Preferences Office of the United States Trade
Representative
2017 Annual GSP Country Practices Review
Brief of the Republic of Ecuador
in Response to Chevron Corp.’s Petition to Withdraw or Suspend the
Republic of Ecuador’s Designation as a Beneficiary Developing Country
Under the Generalized System of Preferences
Docket No. USTR-2013-0013
INDEX OF SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS
September 12, 2017
2. 2
EXHIBIT
NO.
DESCRIPTION
92. Appellate Decision issued by the Appellate Court of the Hague, Civil Law Sector
(Jul. 18, 2017)
93. Order by the U.S. Supreme Court declining to hear Steven Donziger’s petition for
certiorari (Jun. 19, 2017)
94. Procedural Order No 45 (Aug. 29, 2016)
95. Hearing Transcript of Jurisdictional Hearing (November 23, 2010)
96. Procedural Order No. 16 (Mar. 19, 2013)
97. Procedural Order No 23 (Feb. 10, 2014)
98. Transcript of Procedural Meeting (Jan. 20, 2014)
99. Regulations for the Internal Regimen of the National Court, Resolution of Dec. 15,
2010, R.O.S 360
100. Ecuadorian Code of Civil Procedure, Codificación 11, Registro Oficial Suplemento
58 (Jul. 12, 2005)