2015 #EdTech Forum at CIC: xAPI
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Jonathan Poltrack gives an introduction to the Experience API (xAPI) and how it fits into the ed tech ecosystem.
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2015 #EdTech Forum at CIC: xAPI
- 1. Experience API (xAPI) Introduction 01 June 2015 Jonathan Poltrack Director of Operations Alexandria VA Co-Lab & Technical Team Co-Lead Problem Solutions LLC SETA Support to the Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) Initiative
- 2. An “Elevator Pitch” is Difficult!
- 5. 5 The Legacy Model • Content Packages imported into LMSs • Content duplicated in each system • LMSs store the content, control access and manage learner data Distributed Content
- 7. This Works… • For single learner-based learning content • For asynchronous learning • When the content is browser-based • When the content can be physically located in the LMS (or on the LMS domain) • For “small” data like scores, complete/incomplete, pass/fail • For the common self-paced learning use cases
- 8. But there are new use cases
- 9. Learning in Today’s Environment Personalized and Brokered Content •Just-in-Time •Just-for-You Access From Any Device Learn From: •Intelligent Tutors •Mentors and peers via social networks •Self-Discovery Learn Using: •Games •Virtual Worlds •Intelligent content
- 10. 10 How do I get a complete picture of my learning data?
- 13. 13 Content After xAPI xAPI isn’t about *content* It’s about *data*
- 14. Learning Management System (LMS) User Management Course Management Run-Time Player Scheduling Grade Book Search Delivery Learning Records Statistics Repository Sequencing Preferences AssessmentReports What Data? Learning Management System (LMS)
- 15. Learning Management System (LMS) Learning Records What Data? Learning Record Store (LRS) Jon submitted homework from GPS location (x,y) Jon watched WWII video Jon Passed History 101 Jon Answered ‘A’ on Question 1 Jon completed History 101 quiz Jon turned control switch to 50%
- 16. 16 • Collaboration between Google, Facebook, Microsoft and others • Format: <Actor> <Verb> <Object> (I did this) • I (actor) completed (verb) the IA course (object) • Allows reporting of experiences, not just completions • Jon posted a photo • Jon liked a photo • Jon commented on a photo Activity Streams
- 17. 17 Half of the Story LRS = Learning Record Store
- 18. Reporting Systems Assessme nt Services Semantic Analysis Statistical Services 18 The Other Half LRS = Learning Record Store
Editor's Notes
- Giving a 30 second briefing on the xAPI is difficult. It supports many more use cases than legacy technologies like the SCORM.
- During conferences or webinars, in papers or websites and in conversation, xAPI is described in different ways to support different use cases. This word cloud was automatically created based on the xAPI information available on ADLNet.gov. It is interesting to examine the commonly used words: Learning – In the past, SCORM and the work around SCORM, was highly technical. Although xAPI is a technical specification, ADL and the xAPI community are focused on how to improve learning, training and performance support first, using technology assist second. Mobile, Simulations, Games, Social – Are new types of learning “content” used today. xAPI integrates with any learning activity with access to a network. In the past, this has been limited to single learner, web-based content Analytics, Completion, Reporting - Are words that imply the use of data after it is stored. For example, xAPI data can be used in a gradebook applications, to create custom graphs of learning data for instructors or exported as records of completion for an HR system. Securily accessing data AFTER it is first stored was never interoperable in the past. Learner, Mentor, Teacher, Actor, Agent, Individual – Show that we are no longer just talking about the learner. We are talking about any and all learning roles, student, teacher, mentor, peer, small and large groups, etc
- The legacy model used by SCORM, AICC CMI 4/HACP and others includes the concept of a “course” or “content package” that is a physical file. This file is then “imported” into a learning management system (LMS). The LMS parses the course and is then able to “understand” how to launch, sequence, and track course activities. The LMS is a core component in this architecture as it MUST contain all courses/course files, learning records, users, etc. In this model, content is duplicated in each system, so content lifecycle can be difficult to manage. For example, if you import a course in to LMSs A, B, C, and D above and later want to change some images in the course, you must perform this update four (4) times, once in each LMS. This model is effective in DoD and Service environments, because the LMS can be located on a security network and is largely able to stand-alone.
- Legacy model is similar to MP3s, MP3 players and the associated MP3 standard
- The legacy model works (and it works well) for single-learner, web-based content, managed by an LMS. What about new devices/content modalities? Mobile apps (Android, Apple iOS, Windows, etc.) Smart watches (Android Wear, Apple Watch, Pebble, etc.), AR Glasses (Google Glass, Vuzix, Moverio, etc.) and other wearables (Bio Monitors, Fitness Bands, etc.) Simulations (LVC, Full-Scale, Desktop) Games (Xbox, PlayStation, Steam, etc) Social Media/Learning (Twitter, G+, LinkedIn, Yammer, etc) Virtual Reality (Oculus Rift, Samsung Gear VR, Cardboard, etc)
- Today’s learning environment is much more complicated and distributed than legacy environments: - Must support mobile, AR, VR, games, virtual worlds, ITS Allow syncing of data when connection exists, but works when a connection is not available Is personalized to the individual Is seamlessly accessible on multiple devices/platforms
- What can you use to store and get access to all of this data…
- SCORM is effective in describing how a learner’s active session with learning content passes learning data to an LMS. However, SCORM does not currently describe
- Track data from any networked platform Traditional PC Tablet or mobile device AR device VR device Games Simulations Sensors/Real world activities Actual performance after training Etc.
- After data from learning experiences is stored, it can now be acted upon. This was a limitation of legacy systems. If an interface to an external system was needed, it had to be accomplished via expensive one-off (proprietary) projects. Now with the xAPI, this is standardized. Any system that “understands” the xAPI can share data. Examples include assessment systems, HR systems, gradebook applications, statistical and reporting systems, etc…