The document discusses agile requirements and specifications, focusing on impact mapping and story mapping techniques. It provides examples of how impact mapping and story mapping can be used to help define requirements, prioritize work, and ensure work delivers intended impacts and business goals. The document also discusses how specification by example techniques like acceptance criteria and example tests can help describe and validate technical specifications in an agile manner.
The Mindset of Managing Uncertainty: The Key to Agile SuccessTechWell
The speed of global change and the advancement of technology will continue to increase the uncertainty in our work. Those with an Agile Mindset can manage uncertainty through continuous value-based discovery; those with a Fixed Mindset try to “freeze” things early to decrease uncertainty. Unfortunately, many people never switch their mindset and are doing agile while not being agile. Ahmed Sidky explains that your mindset is at the heart of your day-to-day challenges as you try to manage uncertainty more effectively. He describes how mindset impacts not only the way people think but also how people use agile practices including iterations and estimation. Whether you are just starting your journey to agile or have been doing agile but feel that you are missing some of the underlying theories and concepts behind the practices, this session is for you. Come and examine your mindset for a more productive agile journey.
Build – Measure – Learn is one of the most important mechanisms of agile software development. However, this mechanism is often crippled in nowadays projects, where traditional approaches of requirements gathering are bloating up product backlogs that cannot be prioritized anymore in a meaningful way. The results are customers not interested in iteration results, release to production that happens only at the end of the project, and feedback from customers when it is already too late and the budget is burned up.
Story mapping is a method that aligns user stories along desirable outcomes, so that customers can give sooner meaningful feedback, and release to production can happen earlier. The method helps slicing and prioritizing user stories, and addresses the product design aspect that is missing when just working with a product backlog. The method is highly visual and facilitates shared product ownership among product owner, team and customer.
This presentation provide an introduction to the concept of story mapping, with examples and experience gathered in own projects.
The Secret, Yet Obvious, Ingredient to Sustainable AgilityAhmed Sidky
This was a presentation I gave at Ciklum in Kiev, Ukraine and at ScrumTrek in Moscow, Russia. The presentation discuss the notion of Agile and agility and then talks about what people should do to have sustainable agile. They key to sustainable agile is education. By educated, and changing the mindset of everyone in the company, then you will have sustainable agility. However, if you just focus on strategy, structure, and processes, but don't change the mindset and culture and habits of people it will not be sustainable. The presentation introduces the learning roadmap developed by the International Consortium for Agile (ICAgile) as a path organizations should pursue to engage their people in a common educational journey about agile and agility not Scrum or any particular process.
The International Consortium for Agile (ICAgile) accredits training organizations, corporations, academic institutes and government entities, thereby providing their members with over 20 knowledge-based and competency-based certifications to pursue, based on the ICAgile Learning Roadmap created by experts from around the world.
ICAgile is the only certification and accreditation body to offer knowledge-based and competency-based certifications in every discipline needed to sustain agility in an organization. ICAgile has engaged over 40 International Agile gurus and experts to create the most comprehensive agile learning roadmap.
ICAgile's Learning Roadmap is intentionally designed to focus on the education of agile not on any particular flavor or methodology of agile to ensure that every organization, can utilize the educational roadmap as it matures and customizes it agile processes and practices. ICAgile’s Learning Roadmap includes over 20 different certifications covering the disciplines of Agile Executive Leadership, Agile Coaching and Facilitation, Agile Enterprise Coaching, Agile Project Management and Governance, Agile Value Management and Business Analysis, Agile Software Design and Programming, and Agile Testing.
10 steps to a successsful enterprise agile transformation global scrum 2018Agile Velocity
Presented at Scrum Gathering Minneapolis, Senior Agile Coach and Trainer Mike Hall provides leaders and managers 10 steps to a successful enterprise Agile transformation.
Presentation by Em Campbell-Pretty & Adrienne Wilson at the Global SAFe Summit 2021
Mob Programming thought leader, Woody Zuill, suggests that instead of always focusing on solving problems, we also take the time to notice the things that are going well and amplify them, thereby "turning up the good". When it comes to SAFe Dean Leffingwell perhaps said it best: "There is no magic in SAFe . . . except maybe for PI Planning." I suspect most of you agree that PI Planning is the magic in SAFe. There is nothing quite like the energy created by bringing a group of 100+ people together to build a collaborative plan over a couple of days every 10 to 12 weeks. So what would it mean to "turn up the good in PI Planning"? If we focused on what is good and what we want more of, would we get more magic?! For Em and Adrienne, the answer is a resounding "Yes!" In this session, they will take the "The Facilitator’s Guide to PI Planning" and illustrate how turning up the good can bring your PI Planning magic to the next level.
Presentation to OU Agile special interest group 25 January 2017. Agile basics, Agile myths, and stories of breakthroughs and breakdowns in Agile adoption in learning design and course production.
The Mindset of Managing Uncertainty: The Key to Agile SuccessTechWell
The speed of global change and the advancement of technology will continue to increase the uncertainty in our work. Those with an Agile Mindset can manage uncertainty through continuous value-based discovery; those with a Fixed Mindset try to “freeze” things early to decrease uncertainty. Unfortunately, many people never switch their mindset and are doing agile while not being agile. Ahmed Sidky explains that your mindset is at the heart of your day-to-day challenges as you try to manage uncertainty more effectively. He describes how mindset impacts not only the way people think but also how people use agile practices including iterations and estimation. Whether you are just starting your journey to agile or have been doing agile but feel that you are missing some of the underlying theories and concepts behind the practices, this session is for you. Come and examine your mindset for a more productive agile journey.
Build – Measure – Learn is one of the most important mechanisms of agile software development. However, this mechanism is often crippled in nowadays projects, where traditional approaches of requirements gathering are bloating up product backlogs that cannot be prioritized anymore in a meaningful way. The results are customers not interested in iteration results, release to production that happens only at the end of the project, and feedback from customers when it is already too late and the budget is burned up.
Story mapping is a method that aligns user stories along desirable outcomes, so that customers can give sooner meaningful feedback, and release to production can happen earlier. The method helps slicing and prioritizing user stories, and addresses the product design aspect that is missing when just working with a product backlog. The method is highly visual and facilitates shared product ownership among product owner, team and customer.
This presentation provide an introduction to the concept of story mapping, with examples and experience gathered in own projects.
The Secret, Yet Obvious, Ingredient to Sustainable AgilityAhmed Sidky
This was a presentation I gave at Ciklum in Kiev, Ukraine and at ScrumTrek in Moscow, Russia. The presentation discuss the notion of Agile and agility and then talks about what people should do to have sustainable agile. They key to sustainable agile is education. By educated, and changing the mindset of everyone in the company, then you will have sustainable agility. However, if you just focus on strategy, structure, and processes, but don't change the mindset and culture and habits of people it will not be sustainable. The presentation introduces the learning roadmap developed by the International Consortium for Agile (ICAgile) as a path organizations should pursue to engage their people in a common educational journey about agile and agility not Scrum or any particular process.
The International Consortium for Agile (ICAgile) accredits training organizations, corporations, academic institutes and government entities, thereby providing their members with over 20 knowledge-based and competency-based certifications to pursue, based on the ICAgile Learning Roadmap created by experts from around the world.
ICAgile is the only certification and accreditation body to offer knowledge-based and competency-based certifications in every discipline needed to sustain agility in an organization. ICAgile has engaged over 40 International Agile gurus and experts to create the most comprehensive agile learning roadmap.
ICAgile's Learning Roadmap is intentionally designed to focus on the education of agile not on any particular flavor or methodology of agile to ensure that every organization, can utilize the educational roadmap as it matures and customizes it agile processes and practices. ICAgile’s Learning Roadmap includes over 20 different certifications covering the disciplines of Agile Executive Leadership, Agile Coaching and Facilitation, Agile Enterprise Coaching, Agile Project Management and Governance, Agile Value Management and Business Analysis, Agile Software Design and Programming, and Agile Testing.
10 steps to a successsful enterprise agile transformation global scrum 2018Agile Velocity
Presented at Scrum Gathering Minneapolis, Senior Agile Coach and Trainer Mike Hall provides leaders and managers 10 steps to a successful enterprise Agile transformation.
Presentation by Em Campbell-Pretty & Adrienne Wilson at the Global SAFe Summit 2021
Mob Programming thought leader, Woody Zuill, suggests that instead of always focusing on solving problems, we also take the time to notice the things that are going well and amplify them, thereby "turning up the good". When it comes to SAFe Dean Leffingwell perhaps said it best: "There is no magic in SAFe . . . except maybe for PI Planning." I suspect most of you agree that PI Planning is the magic in SAFe. There is nothing quite like the energy created by bringing a group of 100+ people together to build a collaborative plan over a couple of days every 10 to 12 weeks. So what would it mean to "turn up the good in PI Planning"? If we focused on what is good and what we want more of, would we get more magic?! For Em and Adrienne, the answer is a resounding "Yes!" In this session, they will take the "The Facilitator’s Guide to PI Planning" and illustrate how turning up the good can bring your PI Planning magic to the next level.
Presentation to OU Agile special interest group 25 January 2017. Agile basics, Agile myths, and stories of breakthroughs and breakdowns in Agile adoption in learning design and course production.
An Agile mindset believes that diverse teams with complementary skills are best equipped to thrive in today’s business environments.
Many organizations, working with Agile methodologies, talk about changing mindsets. I know from extensive experience that Agile principles and practices by themselves will not lead to this kind of transformation. A real Agile transformation is about not just doing Agile, but being Agile.
‘Follow Agile’ mindset will only help us get into the water but ‘Being Agile’ mindset will help us swim in the current. Most Agile implementations fail and their practitioners cannot tell why. Managers jump onto the Agile bandwagon, and quickly discover that the change runs much deeper and wider than they’d been told. Worse yet, people decide for or against Agile without understanding it properly. It does not have to be this way. This will be an interactive workshop leading toward the Agility.
If you work in Scrum environment or you’re just a team member who is trying to guide a conversation – then these interactive facilitation techniques are for you. In this session focus will be on games which you could use in virtual environment.
Behind every great product is a great team doing work in a way that guarantees results. They are following a roadmap from the starting point to the end product. But a product roadmap can be elusive. This talk addresses why it is important and presents an approach to make one.
The basics of Agile and Waterfall Project management methodologies. Description when each approach can be applied.
Advices How to create a Product backlog and how to colect requirements. Sprint planning, Burndown chart, Demonstration, Retrospective, Tasks board examples.
At the start of a project or start of a major release, we always face the problem of "How do we break down this big release into stories?" " How do I move from this vision to lower level details in user stories?". My workshop & presentation at the #India Agile Week 2013 Pune was focussed on providing answers to this. This presentation provides a way to move from high level vision to user stories using Story Map.
Many teams and individuals use agile tools and practices without understanding the "why" behind each practice. This presentation introduces the 12 agile principals to help teams and individuals make better decisions about which tools and practices to use for their given situation to be agile.
Introduction to the scrum framework: roles, activities and artifacts.
Scrum is an agile methodology for project management, to create a high quality product.
www.nieldeckx.be
Live it - or leave it! Returning your investment into AgileChristian Hassa
Keynote at Agile Testing Days Berlin 2013
If you’re involved with software development, there is probably no way you can ignore it anymore: the agile approach. With everyone talking about it, there is a certain pressure to adopt agile methods. This brings with it the danger of introducing a bunch of practices without placing enough emphasis on the two main success factors: continuously improving software and continuously improving teams.
The latter is usually driven more or less automatically by the self-interest of the directly affected individuals – after all, nobody deliberately wants to be inefficient. "Continuously improving software" on the other hand will almost certainly go wrong at first, because trust and feedback are much harder to establish between stakeholders (customers, team) than within a team. This often leads to efficient teams building the wrong product, or, even worse, just investing into iterative delivery without enjoying any of its benefits.
Efficiency is therefore just one component for ensuring a good return on investment when adopting Agile. In this talk, I want to focus on the other part – effectiveness – and how it impacts on the way teams collaborate with their customers. I'll introduce a few techniques (Story Mapping, Specification-By-Example) that support this change and present examples from past projects in the financial and public sector where they proved successful.
An Agile mindset believes that diverse teams with complementary skills are best equipped to thrive in today’s business environments.
Many organizations, working with Agile methodologies, talk about changing mindsets. I know from extensive experience that Agile principles and practices by themselves will not lead to this kind of transformation. A real Agile transformation is about not just doing Agile, but being Agile.
‘Follow Agile’ mindset will only help us get into the water but ‘Being Agile’ mindset will help us swim in the current. Most Agile implementations fail and their practitioners cannot tell why. Managers jump onto the Agile bandwagon, and quickly discover that the change runs much deeper and wider than they’d been told. Worse yet, people decide for or against Agile without understanding it properly. It does not have to be this way. This will be an interactive workshop leading toward the Agility.
If you work in Scrum environment or you’re just a team member who is trying to guide a conversation – then these interactive facilitation techniques are for you. In this session focus will be on games which you could use in virtual environment.
Behind every great product is a great team doing work in a way that guarantees results. They are following a roadmap from the starting point to the end product. But a product roadmap can be elusive. This talk addresses why it is important and presents an approach to make one.
The basics of Agile and Waterfall Project management methodologies. Description when each approach can be applied.
Advices How to create a Product backlog and how to colect requirements. Sprint planning, Burndown chart, Demonstration, Retrospective, Tasks board examples.
At the start of a project or start of a major release, we always face the problem of "How do we break down this big release into stories?" " How do I move from this vision to lower level details in user stories?". My workshop & presentation at the #India Agile Week 2013 Pune was focussed on providing answers to this. This presentation provides a way to move from high level vision to user stories using Story Map.
Many teams and individuals use agile tools and practices without understanding the "why" behind each practice. This presentation introduces the 12 agile principals to help teams and individuals make better decisions about which tools and practices to use for their given situation to be agile.
Introduction to the scrum framework: roles, activities and artifacts.
Scrum is an agile methodology for project management, to create a high quality product.
www.nieldeckx.be
Live it - or leave it! Returning your investment into AgileChristian Hassa
Keynote at Agile Testing Days Berlin 2013
If you’re involved with software development, there is probably no way you can ignore it anymore: the agile approach. With everyone talking about it, there is a certain pressure to adopt agile methods. This brings with it the danger of introducing a bunch of practices without placing enough emphasis on the two main success factors: continuously improving software and continuously improving teams.
The latter is usually driven more or less automatically by the self-interest of the directly affected individuals – after all, nobody deliberately wants to be inefficient. "Continuously improving software" on the other hand will almost certainly go wrong at first, because trust and feedback are much harder to establish between stakeholders (customers, team) than within a team. This often leads to efficient teams building the wrong product, or, even worse, just investing into iterative delivery without enjoying any of its benefits.
Efficiency is therefore just one component for ensuring a good return on investment when adopting Agile. In this talk, I want to focus on the other part – effectiveness – and how it impacts on the way teams collaborate with their customers. I'll introduce a few techniques (Story Mapping, Specification-By-Example) that support this change and present examples from past projects in the financial and public sector where they proved successful.
User Research 101: DIY Quick Course - CodeMash 2.0.1.1.Carol Smith
Tight budget and short on time? This CodeMash 2.0.1.1. session taught attendees how to get a quick start on user research. Three discount user research methods were covered: observations; interviews; and card sorting. These quick and inexpensive methods will provide you with rich information about users including their goals, needs and abilities. This session also introduced ways to effectively share and communicate this information such as through personas and mental models.
UX 101: Making Great Human Experiences at Pittsburgh PodCamp 9Carol Smith
Carol Smith provides the tools you need to get started doing User Experience (UX) work right away. She introduces three quick and inexpensive UX research methods that will provide you with rich information about users and designs: interviews; card sorting; and usability testing. You'll learn how this work will influence your design and ways to effectively share and communicate what has been learned to increase stakeholders understandings of customers.
Understanding and predicting behavior for each individual customer has always been the ultimate dream for all digital companies. Combining machine learning and big data processing has finally made that dream a reality. In this webcast, you'll learn about the behavior based algorithms Insights uses to predict customer behavior.
Listen to the podcast version here: http://bit.ly/1EYkSIH
View the webcast on Youtube: https://youtu.be/sidTdUkacHw
David Cutler moderated a panel discussion on Global Marketing at International Exec Resource Group (IERG) on Global Strategy in Digital Marketing.- info at www.bit.ly/IERGsep27 -
Included:
Lynda Thomas
VP, Global Marketing Communications
Laboratory Products
http://www.linkedin.com/pub/lynda-thomas/1/b71/41a
Myles Bristowe
CMO CommCreative,
Immediate Past President of AMA, Boston
http://www.linkedin.com/in/mylesbristowe/
Dave Wieneke
Director of Digital Marketing at Sokolove Law
www.usefularts.us
http://www.linkedin.com/in/wieneke
Moderator: David Cutler
Creative Business Development
Sales Marketing Ideas at www.EatMedia.com
http://www.linkedin.com/in/cutler/
IERG Panel on Global Marketing 092710
IERG, Global Marketing, David Cutler, eatmedia, Creative Business Development, Marketing
David Cutler moderated a panel discussion on Global Marketing at International Exec Resource Group (IERG) on Global Strategy in Digital Marketing.- info at www.bit.ly/IERGsep27 -
Included:
Lynda Thomas
VP, Global Marketing Communications
Laboratory Products
http://www.linkedin.com/pub/lynda-thomas/1/b71/41a
Myles Bristowe
CMO CommCreative,
Immediate Past President of AMA, Boston
http://www.linkedin.com/in/mylesbristowe/
Dave Wieneke
Director of Digital Marketing at Sokolove Law
www.usefularts.us
http://www.linkedin.com/in/wieneke
Moderator: David Cutler
Creative Business Development
Sales Marketing Ideas at www.EatMedia.com
http://www.linkedin.com/in/cutler/
Getting Started with User Research - Stir Trek 2011Carol Smith
Presented at Stir Trek: Thor Edition, in Columbus, Ohio on May 6, 2011.
Once you know who uses your product, all sorts of new questions start to emerge. How are they using the product? Why are they using it? What else might they want? In this session you will learn about three quick and easy methods to understand the users desires, needs and abilities. The basics of observations, interviews and card sorting will be covered. You will also learn ways to effectively share and communicate what you learn with your team.
Measuring Digital Signage Networks - QuividiBroadSign
"Measuring Digital Signage Networks and Using Metrics to Optimize Your Impact" was presented by Olivier Duizabo, CEO, Quividi, at BroadSign's European Client Summit in London England on June 24, 2013.
From impact to stakeholder examples: Three techniques for end-to-end requirem...Christian Hassa
Presented Agile Adria 2013, April 22nd
A recording of the talk is available here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IiX5FZLxSUE
Requirements in agile development are much more than just a prioritized list of user stories. Release planning can be as important as the documentation of implemented business rule details.
This talk introduces three popular techniques for discovering user needs on different goal levels, and how they fit together: Impact Mapping for strategic release planning, Story Mapping for designing and optimizing the scope of a release and Specification-By-Example for establishing a shared understanding about domain details and as an enabler for automated, business readable acceptance tests.
You will leave this session with an overview about these three techniques, and how you can combine them in your daily work.
The target audience are teams already working in an agile (or somewhat agile) environment and are familiar with the basic agile practices.
Users, Usability & User Experience - at PodCamp Cleveland 2011Carol Smith
Presented at PodCamp Cleveland at the Cuyahoga Valley Career Center in Brecksville, Ohio on April 29, 2011 by Carol Smith of Midwest Research, LLC.
The gap between a good design and a great one can be bridged by understanding your users.
In this presentation find out the basics of usability and user experience.
Learn cheap and easy techniques to find out more about your users and improve your audience's experience.
Effective visuals will be introduced that can help you remember and share what you learn.
Tutorial: Story Maps in practice: enable early feedback to build what really ...Christian Hassa
1/2 day tutorial held at XP 2013 conference in Vienna.
Build – Measure – Learn is one of the most important mechanisms of agile software development. However, this mechanism is often crippled in nowadays projects, where traditional approaches of requirements gathering are bloating up product backlogs that cannot be prioritized anymore in a meaningful way. The results are customers not interested in iteration results, release to production that happens only at the end of the project, and feedback from customers when it is already too late and the budget is burned up.
Story mapping is a method that aligns user stories along desirable outcomes, so that customers can give sooner meaningful feedback, and release to production can happen earlier. The method helps slicing and prioritizing user stories, and addresses the product design aspect that is missing when just working with a product backlog. The method is highly visual and facilitates shared product ownership among product owner, team and customer.
This workshop gives a hands-on introduction to story mapping. Participants will be introduced to the concept and build their first story map during the workshop. The workshop concludes with things I’ve learned so far in using story maps in own projects, and what further benefits story maps can provide.
Sourcing The Right Participants For Your UX Research & TestingUserZoom
Join us in this webinar as we delve into the myriad methods of finding the right participants for your UX Research & Testing. Learn from UX experts about the different methods of sourcing participants as well as their takeaways on how you can ensure your recruiting efforts are successful. Grab a seat and discover: The various participant sourcing methods, Tips and tricks to ensure your recruiting efforts go smoothly, How UserZoom’s UX experts find the right participants, An exclusive first look into exciting participant sourcing developments at UserZoom
Impact Mapping: Guiding Agile Teams with Customer Obsession (workshop)Christian Hassa
How to you know that you're building the right product? In order to enable autonomous product teams you need a way to align the activities of delivery teams with the goals of the organisation. Impact Mapping offers the opportunity to align teams to business objectives, test mutual understanding of goals and expected outcomes with stakeholders, focus teams toward delivering the highest value and enable collaborative decision-making.
(German) Slides from Manage Agile Berlin 2017 (15.11.2017)
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Agile Methoden helfen bei der Risikominimierung sowie der Einhaltung von Budgets und Terminen. Doch wie steuert man agile Teams, damit all diese Versprechen auch tatsächlich erfüllt werden?
In der Praxis scheitern agile Teams meist auf Grund der fehlenden Einbindung von Auftraggebern und Management. Als Folge wird nach alt gewohnter Manier das definierte Backlog vollständig und möglichst zum vorgegebenen Budget und Termin abgearbeitet. Das eigentliche Ziel der Auftraggeber bleibt hingegen unzureichend definiert oder gänzlich unbekannt. Kein Wunder also, dass viele agile Teams nicht die hochgesteckten Erwartungen der Auftraggeber erfüllen können.
Impact Mapping ist eine Methode, mit der die tatsächlichen Erfolgskriterien eines Vorhabens extrahiert und mit allen Beteiligten abgestimmt werden können. Die dafür vermuteten Kausalitätsketten werden messbar mit den Lösungsoptionen des Backlogs in Verbindung gebracht, um sie dann mittels iterativer Entwicklung über kurze Feedbackschlaufen zu validieren. Dies erlaubt die strategische Steuerung agiler Projekt- und Produktentwicklung.
Erfahren Sie, wie Projektauftraggeber und Management agile Teams strategisch Steuern können, um damit ihre Vorhaben zielgerichteter und erfolgreicher umzusetzen. Neben einer Einführung zu Impact Mapping wird auch die praktische Anwendung in der Softwareentwicklung an Hand von Beispielen gezeigt.
Agile Methoden helfen bei der Risikominimierung sowie der Einhaltung von Budgets und Terminen. Doch wie steuert man agile Teams, damit all diese Versprechungen erfüllt werden?
In der Praxis scheitern viele bereits an einer sinnvollen Priorisierung von User Stories. Im Vordergrund steht oft nur die Abarbeitung des definierten Backlogs innerhalb des vorhandenen Budgets zum vorgegebenen Termin. Das eigentliche Ziel des Vorhabens bleibt hingegen unzureichend definiert oder gänzlich unbekannt. Kein Wunder also, dass eine Vielzahl von Vorhaben trotz agiler Vorgehensweise nicht die hochgesteckten Erwartungen der Auftraggeber erfüllen.
Impact Mapping ist eine Methode, mit deren Hilfe die tatsächlichen Erfolgskriterien eines Vorhabens extrahiert und mit allen Beteiligten abgestimmt werden können. Dazu vermutete und messbare Kausalitätsketten werden mit den Lösungsoptionen des Backlogs in Verbindung gebracht, die dann mittels iterativer Entwicklung über kurze Feedbackschlaufen validiert werden. Dies erlaubt die strategische Steuerung agiler Projekt- und Produktentwicklung.
Der Vortrag bringt eine Einführung zu Impact Mapping, und zeigt deren praktische Anwendung in der Softwareentwicklung.
Recording can be watched here: https://t.co/OLtqJNCMUf
Impact Mapping is a strategic planning technique that prevents Agile organizations from getting lost while building products and delivering projects by clearly communicating assumptions, helping teams align their activities with overall business objectives, and helping make better roadmap decisions. Impact mapping can help you make an impact, not just ship software. In this Scrum Alliance® Collaboration at Scale webinar, we presented an overview of Impact Mapping, outlined how it fits into Scrum-centric Agile practices, and explored some of the unique opportunities and drawbacks that occur when leveraging Impact Maps in distributed teams.
Impact Mapping - delivering what really matters!Christian Hassa
Product backlogs are much too often flooded with user stories, thwarting the basic agile tenet “Build – Measure – Learn”. Diligent adherence to agile rituals and short iterative cycles will not help if this driving factor is missing. This often leads to efficient teams building the wrong product, or, even worse, just investing into iterative delivery without reaping any of its benefits.
Impact mapping is a method that can spark this drive: it supports an iterative approach to product design that is often neglected when user story lists are simply prioritised in the product backlog. The method is highly visual and supports the entire project team throughout the process of discovering, prioritising and detailing customers’ requirements together.
Upcoming workshops and training 2017 (Certified Scrum Master, Certified Product Owner, Specification-By-Example, Product Owner Key Skills, Migrating to a Serverless Architecture, Font-End Entwicklung Angular, JavaScript und TypeScript, Agiles Requirements Engineering)
Impact Mapping is a lightweight method for strategic planning in product and project development. Although seemingly simple and intuitive, many teams fail to get the most out of it because they jump to conclusions too quickly and skip over important discussions. Christian and Gojko will talk about how to avoid common pitfalls and present two games that can help you facilitate impact mapping easily, support innovative ideas and divergent thinking, and help your teams and clients make a big impact through software delivery.
Impact Maps/Story Maps - liefern was wirklich zähltChristian Hassa
Presentation from: Tools 4 Agile Teams Wiesbaden, Sept 18 2015
Impact Maps und Story Maps: liefern was wirklich zählt
Häufig verfehlen Softwarelösungen die Erwartungen der Auftraggeber, weil dem Team nur zu entwickelnde Funktionen kommuniziert werden, nicht aber das eigentliche Problem und der zu erzielenden Nutzen.
Impact Maps und Story Maps bieten eine einfache und schnelle Visualisierung der Problemstellung und möglicher Lösungsoptionen, und unterstützen so die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Team und Kunde. Der Vortrag gibt eine Einführung in die beiden Methoden, und zeigt deren Kombination und praktische Anwendung.
Cross mobile testautomation mit Xamarin & SpecFlowChristian Hassa
Test automation can be implemented most efficiently as a by-product of Specification-By-Example (SbE). It combines acceptance criteria specification and acceptance test driven development (ATDD, BDD) to build automatically validated specifications of the system. The practice is well established in many teams for “traditional” enterprise application development (web clients, rich clients, services), and supported with a broad range of tools.
In mobile development, however, we seem to start over again with bare-bones test automation tool support that provokes post implementation test automation, which is costly and hard to maintain. Teams that had already successfully applied ATDD/BDD fall back into old habits when moving to mobile development. This is due to the lack of tool support and a lack of confidence that the principles that worked before can also be applied in mobile development.
Join Gaspar, Christian and Andreas for a brief introduction to BDD and Specification-By-Example. They’ll then show how it can be put into practice with SpecFlow and Calabash for a mobile app that is developed using Xamarin.
Presented at GoTo Night Zurich, June 12 2014
Many teams struggle with the implementation of user story acceptance criteria and establishing a shared understanding about the expected story outcomes. This results in missed stakeholder expectations and ad-hoc assumptions made by the team. High efforts for regression testing and the lack of a reliable documentation about the current system behavior are further problems resulting from an unstructured approach to define and validate acceptance criteria.
In this session, you will learn how specification-by-example addresses these problems and overall increases the level of clarity on the project end-to-end. The presentation will cover the theory and practical experience from real projects, with concrete implementation examples based on the Gherkin specification language, that can be used for automated specification validation (available for .NET, Java, Ruby, PHP, JavaScript).
You will leave this session with a fundamental understanding of specification-by-example and its benefits, as well as concrete pointers on how to get started using it in your own projects.
Impact Maps und Story Maps - liefern was wirklich zähltChristian Hassa
(German) slides of presentation at OOP 2014, Munich
Agile Projektentwicklung erfüllt oft nicht die hoch gesteckten Erwartungen aller Beteiligten. Impact Maps und Story Maps unterstützen einen wichtigen Mechanismus, der agile Projekte erfolgreich macht und der häufig außer Acht gelassen wird: Build-Measure-Learn. Der Vortrag gibt eine Einführung in das Konzept von Impact Maps und Story Maps und zeigt deren praktische Anwendung an Hand konkreter Projektbeispiele.
How I learned to stop worrying and love flexible scope.Christian Hassa
Video available here: http://skillsmatter.com/podcast/agile-testing/keynote-gojko-adzic
Not fixing scope too far in the future is one of the cornerstones of agile delivery, but it is at the same time the thing that enterprise stakeholders fear the most. Ironically, being able to change decisions after delivery starts is one of the biggest benefits that companies can get from agile delivery, so it's necessary to stop worrying and embrace flexible scope to get the full benefits of an iterative process. Join Christian Hassa and Gojko Adzic to discuss how to convince people to embrace flexible scope, not only for startup environments but for big enterprise projects as well.
Agile Projektentwicklung erfüllt oft nicht die hoch gesteckten Erwartungen aller Beteiligten. Story-Maps und Impact-Maps unterstützen einen wichtigen Mechanismus, der agile Projekte erfolgreich macht und der häufig außer Acht gelassen wird. Der Workshop gibt eine Einführung in das Konzept von Impact Maps und Story Maps, und zeigt deren praktische Anwendung an Hand konkreter Projektbeispiele.
How I learned stop worrying and how to love flexible scope.Christian Hassa
Not fixing scope too far in the future is one of the cornerstones of agile delivery, but it is at the same time the thing that enterprise stakeholders fear the most. Ironically, being able to change decisions after delivery starts is one of the biggest benefits that companies can get from agile delivery. So it's necessary to stop worrying and embrace flexible scope to get the full benefits of an iterative process. Join Christian Hassa and Gojko Adzic to discuss how to convince people to embrace flexible scope, not only for startup environments but for big enterprise projects as well.
Vortrag auf Lean, Agile & Scrum Konferenz 2013 in Zürich
Agile Projektentwicklung erfüllt oft nicht die hoch gesteckten Erwartungen aller Beteiligten. Story-Maps unterstützen einen wichtigen Mechanismus, der agile Projekte erfolgreich macht und der häufig außer Acht gelassen wird. Der Vortrag gibt eine Einführung in das Konzept von Story Maps und zeigt deren praktische Anwendung an Hand konkreter Projektbeispiele.
Build-Measure-Learn: Was macht agile Methoden erfolgreich?Christian Hassa
Agile Methoden dringen unaufhaltsam in alle Bereiche der Softwareentwicklung vor. Wo IT-Abteilungen den Schritt (noch) nicht wagen wollen, drängt die Business-Seite zu mehr Flexibilität und kürzeren Lieferzyklen, um im Wettbewerb bestehen zu können. Immer häufiger jedoch erbringt die Umstellung auf agile Softwareentwicklung nicht jene Vorteile, die erhofft und möglich wären.
Die Ursache hierfür ist meistens, dass der agile Kernmechanismus blockiert wird: Build – Measure – Learn. Wenn dieser Motor im Projekt nicht anspringt, hilft weder die eifrige Befolgung agiler Rituale, noch die Lieferung in kurzen Iterationen.
Der Vortrag erläutert, mit welchen Methoden dieser Mechanismus in Gang gebracht werden kann, und bringt Beispiele aus der Praxis über deren Anwendung und Wirkung.
Presentation held on Swiss Requirements Day 2013 in Zurich
Many teams struggle with the implementation of user story acceptance criteria and establishing a shared understanding about the expected story outcomes. This results in missed stakeholder expectations and ad-hoc assumptions made by the team. High efforts for regression testing and the lack of a reliable documentation about the current system behavior are further problems resulting from an unstructured approach to define and validate acceptance criteria.
In this session, you will learn how specification-by-example addresses these problems and overall increases the level of clarity on the project end-to-end. The presentation will cover the theory and practical experience from real projects, with concrete implementation examples based on the Gherkin specification language, that can be used for automated specification validation (available for .NET, Java, Ruby, PHP, JavaScript).
You will leave this session with a fundamental understanding of specification-by-example and its benefits, as well as concrete pointers on how to get started using it in your own projects.
Tutorial: Implementing Specification-By-Example with GherkinChristian Hassa
1/2 day Tutorial held at XP 2013 conference in Vienna
Many teams struggle with the implementation of user story acceptance criteria and having a shared understanding about the expected story outcomes. This often results in missed stakeholder expectations, ad-hoc assumptions made by the team during implementation and conflict between team members and the product owner around testing.
In this tutorial, you will learn how specification-by-example and acceptance test driven development will address team conflict, missed stakeholder expectations and overall increasing the level of clarity on the project end-to-end. The presentation will cover the theory behind ATDD, case-studies and practical experience from real projects and several hands-on exercises to try out the presented concepts.
You will leave this tutorial with a fundamental understanding of specification-by-example and its benefits, as well as concrete pointers on how to get started using it in your own projects.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
3. 5
Why agile requirements?
Successful problem solving requires
finding the right solution
to the right problem.
Russell Ackoff, 1974
We fail more often,
because we solve the wrong problem
than because we get the
wrong solution to the right problem.
4. 6
What makes user stories “agile”?
• Describe user needs or features
• Unit of planning/prioritization
Help solving the right problem
•Solution options
•Mechanism to defer detail
•Reminder for a conversation
•Evolve over time:
desired outcome specification
5. 7
People fear uncertainty:
They rather make a decision now
and run the risk of being wrong,
than continue in a state of
uncertainty.
- Chris Matts (@papachrismatts)
6. 8
Agile Requirements
Image from: 50 Quick ideas to improve your user stories: https://leanpub.com/50quickideas
@gojkoadzic, @DavidEvans66
Why?
(define upfront)
How?
(define just-in-time)
8. 10
Agile Requirements
Impact
Mapping
Image from: 50 Quick ideas to improve your user stories: https://leanpub.com/50quickideas
@gojkoadzic, @DavidEvans66
Why?
(define upfront)
How?
(define just-in-time)
9. 11
Our job is NOT
to develop software,
our job is to change the world.
- Jeff Patton (@jeffpatton)
10. 12
As a Sales Manager
I want a …-report
to monitor inventory
11. 13
As a Sales Manager
I want a …-report
to monitor inventory
12. 14
As a Sales Manager
I want a …-report
to monitor inventory faster
13. 15
Impact Mapping
From: Gojko Adzic: www.impactmapping.org (@gojkoadzic)
“Impact Mapping helps us plan better!
It is collaborative, visual and fast.”
17. 19
Sphere of influence
Zone of control
Influence vs. Control
Goal
Actors
Impacts
Deliverables
Increase turnover 3%
Increase
block buster
market share
Increase peak sales
One-Click
purchase
Mobile User Call Center
Buy more
online
Buy without
call center
Sell faster
Stop
cross selling
Purchase
with SMS
Mobile
Website
19. 21
Agile Requirements
Story
Mapping
Image from: 50 Quick ideas to improve your user stories: https://leanpub.com/50quickideas
@gojkoadzic, @DavidEvans66
Why?
(define upfront)
How?
(define just-in-time)
20. 22
Give 2% of users
a 100% of what they need,
not 100% of people
only 2% of their needs.
- Gojko Adzic (@gojkoadzic)
21. 23
Story Maps
• Design for particular
stakeholder impacts
• Slice and refine
deliverables (releases)
• Support backlog
management
• Inject dependent
features
• Overview and
collaboration
• Release planning
• Flexible scope Conceived by Jeff Patton in 2005
22. 24
Zone of control
Sphere of influence
Product Backlog:
Zone of control
User Journey: Sphere of influence
Structure
Discover
concerts
Purchase
tickets
Learn
more
Attend
concert
Upcoming
ticket sales
Additional
artist info
Pay by
credit card
Pay by
invoice
Print paper
ticket
Validate
ticket using
NCF
Concert
news
Likely order of
events
Mobile users
Buy more
online
Visit site
more often
Blockbuster
concert info
One-click
purchase
Deliverables
Impacts
User Activities
User Stories
23. 25
Structure
Hears about
concert
Tries to get
tickets
Waits for
concert
Attends
concert
Upcoming
ticket sales
Additional
artist info
Pay by
credit card
Pay by
invoice
Print paper
ticket
Validate
ticket using
NCF
Concert
news
Likely order of
events
Mobile user
24. 26
Prioritize per user activity
Hears about
concert
Tries to get
tickets
Waits for
concert
Attends
concert
Upcoming
ticket sales
Additional
artist info
Pay by
credit card
Pay by
invoice
Print paper
ticket
Validate
ticket using
NCF
Concert
news
Priority
Likely order of
events
Mobile user
25. 27
Walking
Skeleton
Prioritize slices
Upcoming
ticket sales
Additional
artist info
Pay by
credit card
Pay by
invoice
Print paper
ticket
Validate
ticket using
NCF
Concert
news
Priority
Manual
workaround
Not
supported
Hears about
concert
Tries to get
tickets
Waits for
concert
Attends
concert Likely order of
events
Mobile user
26. 28
Prioritize for deliverable
Visits site
more often
Blockbuster
concert info
Hears about
concert
Tries to get
tickets
Waits for
concert
Attends
concert Likely order of
events
Upcoming
ticket sales
Additional
artist info
Pay by
credit card
Pay by
invoice
Print paper
ticket
Validate
ticket using
NCF
Concert
news
Mobile user
27. 29
Prioritize for deliverable
Visits site
more often
Blockbuster
concert info
Hears about
concert
Tries to get
tickets
Waits for
concert
Attends
concert Likely order of
events
Upcoming
ticket sales
Additional
artist info
Pay by
credit card
Pay by
invoice
Print paper
ticket
Validate
ticket using
NCF
Concert
news
Mobile user
28. 30
Validate impact
Visits site
more often
Blockbuster
concert info
Hears about
concert
Tries to get
tickets
Waits for
concert
Attends
concert Likely order of
events
Upcoming
ticket sales
Additional
artist info
Pay by
credit card
Pay by
invoice
Print paper
ticket
Validate
ticket using
NCF
Concert
news
Impact on user
behaviour?
Impact on
business goal?
Mobile user
38. 40
Candidate Voter
Fund-
management
More
candidates
run for
election
More voters
participate in
election
Less effort
approving
candidates
Online
application
Candidates
published
online
Online voting
Shared
checklist
Other
funds
Use system
for their
elections
Customizable
branding
Pension Fund
More candidates
Higher voter turnout
No „silent“ elections
Broader
legitimised
committee
Reduced external costs
Less personnel effort
Additional revenue
Reduced cost
for running
elections
Less effort
counting
votes
39. 41
Nominate candidates
Story Map with initial backlog
83
76
58
78
59
60
61
63
8082
55
54
56
52
48
48.2
48.1
49
50
77
46
44
42
41
36 34 39
38 32
28
29
25
21
20 23
17
15 13 8
9
11
10
Provision and support
Vote and determine results
3 User Journeys
User Stories of
Initial Product Backlog
47. 49
Candidate Voter
Fund-
management
More
candidates
run for
election
More voters
participate in
election
Less effort
approving
candidates
Online
application
Candidates
published
online
Online voting
Shared
checklist
Other
funds
Use system
for their
elections
Customizable
branding
Pension Fund
More candidates
Higher voter turnout
No „silent“ elections
Broader
legitimised
committee
Reduced external costs
Less personnel effort
Additional revenue
Reduced cost
for running
elections
Less effort
counting
votes
Candidates
67 368
Staff
14 4
Customers
0
Project successful?
51. 53
Specification Workshops
public void TestInitialOrderDiscount()
{
Customer newCustomer = new Customer();
Order newOrder = new Order(newCustomer);
newOrder.AddBook(
Catalog.Find(“ISBN-0955683610”)
);
Assert.Equals(33.75,
newOrder.Subtotal);
}
Register as “bart_bookworm”
Go to “/catalog/search”
Enter “ISBN-0955683610”
Click “Search”
Click “Add to Cart”
Click “View Cart”
Verify “Subtotal” is “$33.75”
We would like to encourage new users to
buy in our shop.
Therefore we offer 10% discount for their
first order.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddie
http://blog.gdinwidiee.com
54. 56
Specification Workshops
public void TestInitialOrderDiscount()
{
Customer newCustomer = new Customer();
Order newOrder = new Order(newCustomer);
newOrder.AddBook(
Catalog.Find(“ISBN-0955683610”)
);
Assert.Equals(33.75,
newOrder.Subtotal);
}
Register as “bart_bookworm”
Go to “/catalog/search”
Enter “ISBN-0955683610”
Click “Search”
Click “Add to Cart”
Click “View Cart”
Verify “Subtotal” is “$33.75”
We would like to encourage new users to
buy in our shop.
Therefore we offer 10% discount for their
first order.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddie (@gdinwiddie)
http://blog.gdinwidiee.com
55. 57
… illustrated with formalized examples
Given the user has not ordered yet
When the user adds a book with the price of EUR 37.5
into the shopping cart
Then the shopping cart sub-total is EUR 33.75.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddie (@gdinwiddie)
http://blog.gdinwidiee.com
We would like to encourage new users to
buy in our shop.
Therefore we offer 10% discount for their
first order.
56. 58
Discover hidden assumptions
Actually, this is not quite right:
Books on sale should be excluded.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddie (@gdinwiddie)
http://blog.gdinwidiee.com
59. 61
Collecting Acceptance Criteria
“I would try to put a book into the
shopping cart …”
“I would try to remove a book
from the shopping cart…”
“I’d check whether the shopping cart
is empty, when I enter the shop …”
Books can be added to
shopping cart.
Books can be removed from
shopping cart.
Shopping cart should be empty
when entering the shop.
... ? …
As a potential customer
I want to collect books in a shopping cart
So that I can order several books at once.
“Imagine this story is
already implemented:
How would you verify it?”
“I would try to add 1000 books to
the shopping cart …”
60. 62
Exploration through examples
Books in catalogue:
Title Author
Specification-By-Example Gojko Adzic
Impact Mapping Gojko Adzic
Explore It! Elisabeth Hendrickson
Competitive Engineering Tom Gilb
… I want to find books in the catalogue by author and title
Search for … Books found …
Spec Specification-By-Example
Hend Explore It!
et Explore It!, Competitive Engineering
Context
Action
Assertion
61. 63
Key examples: Breaking the model
Books in catalogue:
Title Author
Specification-By-Example Gojko Adzic
Impact Mapping Gojko Adzic
Explore It! Elisabeth Hendrickson
Competitive Engineering Tom Gilb
… I want to find books in the catalogue by author and title
Search for … Books found …
Spec Specification-By-Example
Hend Explore It!
et Explore It!, Competitive Engineering
What happens, if I search for
“Explore Specification”?
Can I search for single
characters, e.g. “e”?
Is the number of search results
limited, or paged?
Is the search also performed in the
sub-title of a book?
63. 65
Abstract acceptance criteria
As a shop visitor
I want to collect books in my shopping basket
so that I can purchase multiple books at once.
Books can be added to the shopping basket
Books can be removed from the shopping basket
Shopping basket is initially empty
The same book can be added multiple times to the shopping
basket
64. 66
Scenarios: Examples in Gherkin
As a shop visitor
I want to collect books in my shopping basket
so that I can purchase multiple books at once.
Books can be added to the shopping basket
Given my shopping basket is empty
When I add the book “Harry Potter” to my shopping basket
Then my shopping basket should contain 1 copy of “Harry Potter”
65. 67
As a shop visitor
I want to collect books in my shopping basket
so that I can purchase multiple books at once.
Books can be added to the shopping basket
Scenarios: Examples in Gherkin
Given my shopping basket contains 1 copy of “Harry Potter”
When I add the book “Harry Potter” to my shopping basket
Then my shopping basket should contain 2 copies of “Harry Potter”
The same book can be added multiple times to the shopping basket
66. 68
The same book can be added multiple times to the shopping basket
Structure of Scenarios
Given my shopping basket contains 1 copy of “Harry Potter”
When I add the book “Harry Potter” to my shopping basket
Then my shopping basket should contain 2 copies of “Harry Potter”
Title: Describes intention/abstract acceptance criterion
Arrange: Context, describes state of the system
Act: Execution of the feature
Assert: Assertion of observable behaviour
And I should see the warning: “Book already existed in basket”
Triple-A
constraint
“Checks”
Chaining
up steps
67. 69
Purpose of the examples
• Shared understanding:
acceptance criteria
• Documentation:
specification details
• Regression-tests:
violated specifications
68. 70
Automated continuous validation
Given my shopping basket contains 1 copy of “Harry Potter”
When I add the book “Harry Potter” to my shopping basket
Then my shopping basket should contain 2 copies of “Harry Potter”
System
„Step Definitions“ are binding individual steps
to an automatable interface of the application.
Automatable
interface
UI
Automation
Automation does not necessarily have to bind to the UI.
Automatability of system is supported/evolving with development.
70. 72
SpecFlow in 2014 – BDD for .NET
#82inVisual StudioGallery based on popularity (6.11.2014)
#26in NuGet based on recent installs (6.11.2014)
~1'000 visits daily
> 25’000 active users
> 30 contributors
91. 93
Evolving Specifications
Product/Sprint Backlog
User Story 1
AccCrit 1
AccCrit 2
User Story 2
AccCrit 3
AccCrit 4
Living Documentation
Feature 1
AccCrit 1
AccCrit 2
Feature n
AccCrit 4
AccCrit m
User Story n
AccCrit 5
AccCrit m
AccCrit 3
AccCrit 5
„Done“
• Future options of the system
• Organized/refined according to
priority, value, effort, risk, ...
• Next possible increments of
the product (units of work)
• Current state of the system
• Organized/refined for
functional overview
• Versioned and maintained
together with source code
93. 95
Test automation becomes expensive
when …
• trying to automate
manual tests
• making tests
unreadable when
automating them
• automating after
completing
development
structure
readability
point in time
94. 96
Structure
Manual tests
Asserts Multiple combined
features
Structure ACT-ASSERT-
ACT-ASSERT-
ACT-ASSERT-
…
Dependent features
Long test path with
high chance to break
Cause and impact of
error hard to trace
Automated Check
Single aspect of a
single feature
ARRANGE –
ACT –
ASSERT
Independent features
Short test path with
lower chance to break
Cause and impact of
error easy to relate
96. 98
// Go to web page 'http://localhost:40001/' using new browser instance
BrowserWindow localhostBrowser = BrowserWindow.Launch(
new System.Uri(this.RecordedMethod1Params.Url));
// Click 'Register found item' link
Mouse.Click(uIFundstückerfassenHyperlink, new Point(56, 9));
// Click 'Save' button
Mouse.Click(uISpeichernButton, new Point(44, 14));
int fundNr1 = int.Parse(uIFundNr127Pane.InnerText.Substring(9));
// Click 'Register found item' link
Mouse.Click(uIFundstückerfassenHyperlink, new Point(63, 7));
// Click 'Save' button
Mouse.Click(uISpeichernButton, new Point(34, 11));
int fundNr2 = int.Parse(uIFundNr128Pane.InnerText.Substring(9));
Assert.IsTrue(fundNr1 + 1 == fundNr2);
// Click 'Close' button
Mouse.Click(uICloseButton, new Point(26, 11));
Readability
97. 99
A readable test case
Scenario: New found items should receive a
consecutive number for the current year
Given the previous found item of the
current year had the number 145
When I register a new found item
Then the last found item of the
current year should have the number 146
98. 100
When to test (point in time)
Acceptance criteria
(ATDD, BDD)
Unit Tests
(TDD)
business view
technical view
Exploratory tests
Workflow tests
Performance, Scalability,
Usability,Security, …
definingtheproduct
criticizingtheproduct
New dimension: defining the product
Synergy: Specification of requirements and tests
Agile Testing Quadrants: Brian Marick
100. 102
Manual Testing is always necessary!
User
journeys
Acceptance-
criteria
Units
exploratory
testing
Source: Mike Cohn
many
few
harder
easier
Automatability
Manual
Check
after
Story
Done
Main
success
pathes
Undiscovered
acceptance
criteria
No/(few)
manual
regression
checks
Few pathes
are enough
More time
for exploration
101. 103
Cross-functional work
Sprint 1 Sprint 2 Sprint 3
short iteration
US4
Plan
Implement &
autom. test
US5
Plan
Implement &
autom. test
US2
Plan
Implement &
autom. test
US3
Plan
Implement &
autom. test
US6
Plan
Implement &
autom. test
US1
Plan
Implement &
autom. test
US7
Plan
Implement &
autom. test
US8
Plan
Implement &
autom. test
US9
Plan
Implement &
autom. test
ExploratoryTests
Specification and test
Collaboration for defining
acceptance criteria
Collaboration for
automation
Preventing bugs
instead of finding them!
Extension of
“Test Cases”
Limit
WIP
Collaboration
in manual
testing
105. 107
ATDD cycle
Write a
failing
unit test
Make the
test pass
Refactor
Write a failing
acceptance
test
Deploy and
measure
impact
Refine feature, if needed
(new user story)
break down
units
extend
systemUser Story
AC/Scenario 1
AC/Scenario 2
AC/Scenario …
AC/Scenario n
modify
system
Expected
impact
121. 123
Books
50 Quick Ideas
to improve your
User Stories
Gojko Adzic
David Evans
@gojkoadzic
@DavidEvans66
User Story
Mapping
Jeff Patton
@jeffpatton
Impact Mapping
Gojko Adzic
@gojkoadzic
123. 126
Product Owner Survival Camp
Across Europe
With: Gojko Adzic, David Evans, Chris Matts,
Christian Hassa
Special Guests:
Jeff Patton (Stockholm, 11/2014)
Ellen Gottesdiener (Vienna, 3/2015)
www.ProductOwnerSurvivalCamp.com
124. TechTalk: put this into daily practice
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TechTalk office, Vienna/Austria
125. 129
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