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Dr. John R. Schindler
U.S. Naval War College
`A Hundred Years On (Nearly)
Rethinking The Great War,

finally … maybe?
Austria-Hungary? Really?
What does a second-tier
naval power matter now?
What does intelligence
from 100 years ago have to
tell us today?
Die k.u.k. Kriegsmarine
Austria-Hungary and the

Mediterranean naval arms
race before 1914
KM OOB 1914:
4 BB (DN)
9 BB
7 CA
6 CL
30 DD
6 SS
Austro-Hungarian Intelligence
Vienna’s military espionage

apparatus before 1914
- readiness for war?

The Evidenzbureau
- roles & missions
- the Redl debacle

The Marine-Evidenzbureau
- roles & missions
Vienna’s “Great Secret”
A-H code-breaking before

1914 and its place in the
intelligence system
The (Viennese) birth of
SIGINT
War planning, strategy, and
A-H strategic concepts on
the eve of the Great War
Crisis and War
Sarajevo assassination and

the July Crisis
The Navy and the coming
of the war
Vienna plays va banque …
and loses
The Navy and the Italian
threat
Intelligence in the Adriatic
Understanding the

intelligence battlefield in
the Adriatic
KM SIGINT and the
Navy’s strategic thinking,
1915-1918
How code-breaking
becomes a critical enabler
for Austria-Hungary
Fleet (In)Action and Intelligence
ADM Haus and his “fleet

in being”
KM HUMINT, covert
action, and sabotage against
Italy
A-H Naval aviation and
intelligence over the
Adriatic
Austria-Hungary and the U-Boat War
Vienna and unrestricted

submarine warfare
The KM’s U-Boat arm and
its role in the
Mediterranean naval
struggle
SIGINT and AustriaHungary’s submarine arm
1917: The Pivotal Year
Unrestricted submarine

warfare and the Allied
blockade’s impact on
Austria-Hungary
Otranto and limited surface
fleet action
The “Caporetto Miracle”
and illusions of victory
1918: Decline and Fall
January: Naval mutiny and

the general crisis of the war
effort
Piave: one last (doomed)
gamble by Vienna
The Navy and the last
months of war: imminent
defeat
The final collapse
Assessing the Impact
What is the real role of

intelligence in AustriaHungary’s naval war?
What lessons today can be
derived from the experience
of the k.u.k. MarineEvidenzbureau?
History, legacies and
remembrances

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2013 King Hall Day 1 Session 4 - 1

  • 1. Dr. John R. Schindler U.S. Naval War College
  • 2. `A Hundred Years On (Nearly) Rethinking The Great War, finally … maybe? Austria-Hungary? Really? What does a second-tier naval power matter now? What does intelligence from 100 years ago have to tell us today?
  • 3. Die k.u.k. Kriegsmarine Austria-Hungary and the Mediterranean naval arms race before 1914 KM OOB 1914: 4 BB (DN) 9 BB 7 CA 6 CL 30 DD 6 SS
  • 4. Austro-Hungarian Intelligence Vienna’s military espionage apparatus before 1914 - readiness for war? The Evidenzbureau - roles & missions - the Redl debacle The Marine-Evidenzbureau - roles & missions
  • 5. Vienna’s “Great Secret” A-H code-breaking before 1914 and its place in the intelligence system The (Viennese) birth of SIGINT War planning, strategy, and A-H strategic concepts on the eve of the Great War
  • 6. Crisis and War Sarajevo assassination and the July Crisis The Navy and the coming of the war Vienna plays va banque … and loses The Navy and the Italian threat
  • 7. Intelligence in the Adriatic Understanding the intelligence battlefield in the Adriatic KM SIGINT and the Navy’s strategic thinking, 1915-1918 How code-breaking becomes a critical enabler for Austria-Hungary
  • 8. Fleet (In)Action and Intelligence ADM Haus and his “fleet in being” KM HUMINT, covert action, and sabotage against Italy A-H Naval aviation and intelligence over the Adriatic
  • 9. Austria-Hungary and the U-Boat War Vienna and unrestricted submarine warfare The KM’s U-Boat arm and its role in the Mediterranean naval struggle SIGINT and AustriaHungary’s submarine arm
  • 10. 1917: The Pivotal Year Unrestricted submarine warfare and the Allied blockade’s impact on Austria-Hungary Otranto and limited surface fleet action The “Caporetto Miracle” and illusions of victory
  • 11. 1918: Decline and Fall January: Naval mutiny and the general crisis of the war effort Piave: one last (doomed) gamble by Vienna The Navy and the last months of war: imminent defeat The final collapse
  • 12. Assessing the Impact What is the real role of intelligence in AustriaHungary’s naval war? What lessons today can be derived from the experience of the k.u.k. MarineEvidenzbureau? History, legacies and remembrances