This document provides an overview of 20 elementary grammar rules focused on building a strong grammar foundation. It covers parts of speech including nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, and conjunctions. For each part of speech, examples are given and rules around subjects, objects, tense, voice, and sentence structure are explained. The goal is to master these 20 basic grammar rules.
Use the past perfect progressive to talk about an action that was in progress before a specific time in the past. The progressive emphasizes the continuing activity, not the end result.
This document provides a summary of Chapter 13 from the book "Blue Azar, 4th ed." It covers different types of adjective clauses, including those with subject and object relative pronouns, clauses modifying objects of prepositions, clauses using whose, where, when, and expressions of quantity. It discusses rules around comma usage with adjective clauses and how some clauses can be reduced. Examples are provided to illustrate each concept and practice exercises are included at the end.
Here are the answers filled in:
Which side?
Highways, Freeways, Motorways...
The first thing to be considered is
that fact that Americans drive In the UK, highways are VERY
on the RIGHT and in specific in how you refer to them. For example,
Britons you drive on the LEFT. Now if that isn't confusing the 635 is pronounced the "six thirty-five" and
enough, even the road markings NOT the "six three five" or the "six hundred
are opposite. In and thirty five". Highways in Commonwealth
AmericansYELLOW lines signify countries begin with M for Motorway.
the center
The document provides instructions for an error correction exercise on sentences from the movie Ice Age II. Students are asked to download the presentation, correct one incorrect sentence each, and upload the corrected version to a wiki page titled with their group name and members. Examples are given of incorrect sentences from the movie followed by the corrections and explanations.
The document provides information about forming sentences in the simple past tense in English. It discusses the forms of regular and irregular verbs in the past, how to form affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences, and examples of time expressions used with the simple past. Some key points include:
- Regular verbs are formed by adding "-ed" and irregular verbs have unique past forms
- Affirmative sentences use the base verb form, negative sentences use "did not/didn't", and interrogative sentences use "did" + base verb form
- The simple past is used to talk about completed actions that started and finished in the past
The document provides instructions for a group to correct errors in sentences from the movie Ice Age II. The group members are Noura Allaoui, Belen Bua, Violeta Fernández, and Fabricio Morales. They are instructed to download the presentation, correct one incorrect sentence submitted by each group member, upload the corrected document to a wiki page titled with their group name and contributors, and not include anyone who did not participate. The rest of the document provides example sentences with errors and their corrections explained.
Use the past perfect progressive to talk about an action that was in progress before a specific time in the past. The progressive emphasizes the continuing activity, not the end result.
This document provides a summary of Chapter 13 from the book "Blue Azar, 4th ed." It covers different types of adjective clauses, including those with subject and object relative pronouns, clauses modifying objects of prepositions, clauses using whose, where, when, and expressions of quantity. It discusses rules around comma usage with adjective clauses and how some clauses can be reduced. Examples are provided to illustrate each concept and practice exercises are included at the end.
Here are the answers filled in:
Which side?
Highways, Freeways, Motorways...
The first thing to be considered is
that fact that Americans drive In the UK, highways are VERY
on the RIGHT and in specific in how you refer to them. For example,
Britons you drive on the LEFT. Now if that isn't confusing the 635 is pronounced the "six thirty-five" and
enough, even the road markings NOT the "six three five" or the "six hundred
are opposite. In and thirty five". Highways in Commonwealth
AmericansYELLOW lines signify countries begin with M for Motorway.
the center
The document provides instructions for an error correction exercise on sentences from the movie Ice Age II. Students are asked to download the presentation, correct one incorrect sentence each, and upload the corrected version to a wiki page titled with their group name and members. Examples are given of incorrect sentences from the movie followed by the corrections and explanations.
The document provides information about forming sentences in the simple past tense in English. It discusses the forms of regular and irregular verbs in the past, how to form affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences, and examples of time expressions used with the simple past. Some key points include:
- Regular verbs are formed by adding "-ed" and irregular verbs have unique past forms
- Affirmative sentences use the base verb form, negative sentences use "did not/didn't", and interrogative sentences use "did" + base verb form
- The simple past is used to talk about completed actions that started and finished in the past
The document provides instructions for a group to correct errors in sentences from the movie Ice Age II. The group members are Noura Allaoui, Belen Bua, Violeta Fernández, and Fabricio Morales. They are instructed to download the presentation, correct one incorrect sentence submitted by each group member, upload the corrected document to a wiki page titled with their group name and contributors, and not include anyone who did not participate. The rest of the document provides example sentences with errors and their corrections explained.
This module provides instruction on using the verb "to be" in the past tense in English. It begins with a pre-test to assess students' current knowledge, then presents the rules for forming affirmative and negative sentences, yes/no questions, and wh-questions in the past tense. Examples are provided for each. The objectives are for students to develop confidence using the past tense of "to be" in oral and written communication.
This document provides a lesson on using the past tense forms of the verb "to be" in English - was/were. It includes examples of using was/were in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences. It also covers forming questions using was/were and wh- words. Additionally, it discusses the use of adverbs in English sentences and provides an exercise to identify adverbs and adjectives.
Tips on Modal Verb [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/14-modals/1-tips-on-modals/ ].
LearningPundits helps Job Seekers make great CVs [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/1-cv-preparation-for-freshers/1-cv-writing-tips-for-freshers/ ] , master English Grammar and Vocabulary [ https://learningpundits.com/course/4-english-grammar/ ] , ace Aptitude Tests [ https://learningpundits.com/course/11-mathematical-aptitude/ ], speak fluently in a Group Discussion [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/6-group-discussion-questions/1-tips-for-speaking-in-a-group-discussion/ ] and perform well in Interviews [ https://learningpundits.com/course/2-personal-interview/ ] We also conduct weekly online contests on Aptitude and English [ https://learningpundits.com/contest ]. We also allow Job Seekers to apply for Jobs [ https://learningpundits.com/applyForJobs ]
This document provides information about modal verbs and the past perfect tense in English. It defines modal verbs as can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, and would. It explains their uses for possibility, ability, permission, and obligation. Examples of modal verbs are provided. The past perfect tense is also defined as using "had" plus the past participle verb form to refer to an event that occurred before another past time. Examples of the past perfect are given and an exercise for learners to practice is included.
Verb noun collocations including the following verbs:
have, organize, plan, make, get, take, catch, ask, lose, pay, run, do
There is a fill in the blanks and a word match activity included in this slide show.
There are also 3 slides that have collocations that use swear words.
The document provides instructions and class material related to subject-verb agreement. It includes examples of singular and plural subjects and verbs. Students are asked to identify subjects and choose the correct verb form. A grammar review game is described where students can wager on identifying subjects, verbs, and verb forms in sentences for extra credit points. Homework includes studying for a quiz and drafting a paragraph.
This document provides information about question tags and the passive voice in English grammar. It defines question tags as short questions used to elicit a response from the listener, such as "isn't it?" and "did he?". It explains how question tags are formed and used with statements, negatives, imperatives and sentences beginning with "Let's...". The document also defines the passive voice as focusing on the subject of the sentence rather than the doer of the action. It provides the structure for forming the passive voice in present, past and future tenses. Sample sentences are given and an exercise is included for the reader to practice forming question tags and passive voice sentences.
The document provides information about using the simple past tense in English. It discusses the conjugations of common verbs in the past tense and irregular verbs. It also explains five different uses of the simple past tense: to describe completed actions, series of actions, durations, habits, and past facts/generalizations. Examples are provided to illustrate questions, negatives and time expressions used with the simple past tense.
The document provides instructions for a group to correct errors in sentences from Ice Age II. The group members are Angie Ordoñez, Vania Bascope, and Gemma Esteve. They are instructed to download the presentation, correct one incorrect sentence each, upload it to a wiki page titled with their group name and contributors, and explain each correction. Examples are provided of incorrect sentences from the movie corrected with explanations.
Modal verbs in English include will, would, shall, should, can, could, may, might, must, and ought to. All modal verbs form negative sentences with "not" and interrogative sentences with subject-verb inversion. Modal verbs are not used in continuous tenses and cannot be used with "to"; only one modal verb can be used at a time in a sentence.
The document provides instructions and classroom content on subject-verb agreement. It includes examples of singular and plural subjects and verbs. Students are asked to identify the correct verb forms in sentences. Key points about indefinite pronouns taking singular verbs are also discussed. The last part describes a grammar review game where students wager on identifying subjects, verbs, and verb forms in sentences for a chance to win extra credit points.
Modal verbs are used to express ideas such as ability, permission, obligation, offers, and probability. The main modal verbs are can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, and ought to. Modal verbs do not change form and are followed by an infinitive verb without "to." They can express single concepts like future time or double concepts like permission and possibility. Modal verbs are also used in the past by combining a modal verb with "have" and a past participle verb form.
This document contains corrections to errors in sentences from the movie Ice Age II. A group including Angie Ordoñez, Vania Bascope, and Gemma Esteve corrected sentences that each member had written incorrectly. They were instructed to upload the corrected presentation to a wiki page titled "Error correction exercise" with their group name and the members who worked on it. The document provides the original incorrect sentence, the correction, and an explanation for each correction.
The document provides information about using past tense and used to for habitual past actions. It includes examples of forming the past simple of regular and irregular verbs. There are also exercises for students to practice using was/were, wasn't/weren't as well as used to to talk about past habits.
This document discusses prepositions and provides examples of their usage. It covers prepositions that indicate spatial relationships like "over", "above", "below"; direction like "across", "along", "by"; time like "before", "after", "during"; and other relationships like "by", "with", "in", "of". It also gives examples of prepositions combined with nouns, adjectives and verbs like "in a hurry", "angry about", "good at", to form idiomatic phrases. The document is intended to serve as a reference for understanding and using prepositions correctly in the English language.
Tips on Using Pronouns [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/22-pronouns/2-self-assessment-quiz-on-pronouns/ ].
LearningPundits helps Job Seekers make great CVs [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/1-cv-preparation-for-freshers/1-cv-writing-tips-for-freshers/ ] , master English Grammar and Vocabulary [ https://learningpundits.com/course/4-english-grammar/ ] , ace Aptitude Tests [ https://learningpundits.com/course/11-mathematical-aptitude/ ], speak fluently in a Group Discussion [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/6-group-discussion-questions/1-tips-for-speaking-in-a-group-discussion/ ] and perform well in Interviews [ https://learningpundits.com/course/2-personal-interview/ ] We also conduct weekly online contests on Aptitude and English [ https://learningpundits.com/contest ]. We also allow Job Seekers to apply for Jobs [ https://learningpundits.com/applyForJobs ]
Irregular past tense verbs and question formation in the past tenseSusan Watson
This document provides information about irregular past tense verbs and question formation in the past tense. It lists common irregular past tense verbs and their forms. It also gives examples of questions in the past tense using question words like when, what, where, who, how many followed by did and the subject and main verb. The document includes practice exercises for students to fill in the blanks with the correct past tense forms of verbs and answer questions in the past tense. It concludes by describing a past tense grammar game for students to play in pairs using dice and worksheets with additional questions.
This document discusses yes/no questions in English. It covers:
- The two types of questions are yes/no questions and wh- questions.
- Yes/no questions are formed by inverting the subject and verb (is, are was, were) or adding auxiliary verbs like do/does.
- Answers to yes/no questions can be short ("Yes", "No") or full sentences. Contractions are common in short negative answers.
- Wh- questions ask for specific information using question words like what, when, where, who, why, how. These follow similar question formation patterns as yes/no questions.
The document discusses plagiarism and how to properly cite sources and avoid plagiarism. It defines plagiarism as taking credit for another's work and explains how it can be avoided by giving proper credit through citations and references. The document then provides guidance on paraphrasing, summarizing, and citing sources in-text and in bibliographies through examples and rules.
The document discusses subject-verb agreement rules. It covers how singular and plural subjects take singular or plural verbs respectively. It provides examples of how subject-verb agreement works in sentences with phrases, clauses, indefinite pronouns, compound subjects, contractions, collective nouns, predicate nominatives, inverted word order, amounts, exceptions, titles, subjects preceded by every or many a, and clauses within sentences. The document aims to clearly explain the rules around matching subjects and verbs.
This document provides an overview of synonyms and includes examples and interactive tasks. It begins with an introduction to synonyms and what they are. It then lists examples of synonym types, including verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. The document outlines four different tasks for readers to complete to practice identifying synonyms, including a crossword puzzle, sentence completion, matching exercises, and a word search. It concludes by providing references for additional information on synonyms.
This document provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms for common verbs and verb tenses in English, including:
- Present simple (regular and irregular verbs)
- Present continuous
- Past simple (regular and irregular verbs)
- Past continuous
- Present perfect
It also includes examples of common time expressions used with different tenses, possessive pronouns and adjectives, interrogative words, articles, quantifiers, and an explanation of the Saxon genitive. The document serves as a reference for proper grammar structures in English.
This module provides instruction on using the verb "to be" in the past tense in English. It begins with a pre-test to assess students' current knowledge, then presents the rules for forming affirmative and negative sentences, yes/no questions, and wh-questions in the past tense. Examples are provided for each. The objectives are for students to develop confidence using the past tense of "to be" in oral and written communication.
This document provides a lesson on using the past tense forms of the verb "to be" in English - was/were. It includes examples of using was/were in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences. It also covers forming questions using was/were and wh- words. Additionally, it discusses the use of adverbs in English sentences and provides an exercise to identify adverbs and adjectives.
Tips on Modal Verb [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/14-modals/1-tips-on-modals/ ].
LearningPundits helps Job Seekers make great CVs [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/1-cv-preparation-for-freshers/1-cv-writing-tips-for-freshers/ ] , master English Grammar and Vocabulary [ https://learningpundits.com/course/4-english-grammar/ ] , ace Aptitude Tests [ https://learningpundits.com/course/11-mathematical-aptitude/ ], speak fluently in a Group Discussion [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/6-group-discussion-questions/1-tips-for-speaking-in-a-group-discussion/ ] and perform well in Interviews [ https://learningpundits.com/course/2-personal-interview/ ] We also conduct weekly online contests on Aptitude and English [ https://learningpundits.com/contest ]. We also allow Job Seekers to apply for Jobs [ https://learningpundits.com/applyForJobs ]
This document provides information about modal verbs and the past perfect tense in English. It defines modal verbs as can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, and would. It explains their uses for possibility, ability, permission, and obligation. Examples of modal verbs are provided. The past perfect tense is also defined as using "had" plus the past participle verb form to refer to an event that occurred before another past time. Examples of the past perfect are given and an exercise for learners to practice is included.
Verb noun collocations including the following verbs:
have, organize, plan, make, get, take, catch, ask, lose, pay, run, do
There is a fill in the blanks and a word match activity included in this slide show.
There are also 3 slides that have collocations that use swear words.
The document provides instructions and class material related to subject-verb agreement. It includes examples of singular and plural subjects and verbs. Students are asked to identify subjects and choose the correct verb form. A grammar review game is described where students can wager on identifying subjects, verbs, and verb forms in sentences for extra credit points. Homework includes studying for a quiz and drafting a paragraph.
This document provides information about question tags and the passive voice in English grammar. It defines question tags as short questions used to elicit a response from the listener, such as "isn't it?" and "did he?". It explains how question tags are formed and used with statements, negatives, imperatives and sentences beginning with "Let's...". The document also defines the passive voice as focusing on the subject of the sentence rather than the doer of the action. It provides the structure for forming the passive voice in present, past and future tenses. Sample sentences are given and an exercise is included for the reader to practice forming question tags and passive voice sentences.
The document provides information about using the simple past tense in English. It discusses the conjugations of common verbs in the past tense and irregular verbs. It also explains five different uses of the simple past tense: to describe completed actions, series of actions, durations, habits, and past facts/generalizations. Examples are provided to illustrate questions, negatives and time expressions used with the simple past tense.
The document provides instructions for a group to correct errors in sentences from Ice Age II. The group members are Angie Ordoñez, Vania Bascope, and Gemma Esteve. They are instructed to download the presentation, correct one incorrect sentence each, upload it to a wiki page titled with their group name and contributors, and explain each correction. Examples are provided of incorrect sentences from the movie corrected with explanations.
Modal verbs in English include will, would, shall, should, can, could, may, might, must, and ought to. All modal verbs form negative sentences with "not" and interrogative sentences with subject-verb inversion. Modal verbs are not used in continuous tenses and cannot be used with "to"; only one modal verb can be used at a time in a sentence.
The document provides instructions and classroom content on subject-verb agreement. It includes examples of singular and plural subjects and verbs. Students are asked to identify the correct verb forms in sentences. Key points about indefinite pronouns taking singular verbs are also discussed. The last part describes a grammar review game where students wager on identifying subjects, verbs, and verb forms in sentences for a chance to win extra credit points.
Modal verbs are used to express ideas such as ability, permission, obligation, offers, and probability. The main modal verbs are can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, and ought to. Modal verbs do not change form and are followed by an infinitive verb without "to." They can express single concepts like future time or double concepts like permission and possibility. Modal verbs are also used in the past by combining a modal verb with "have" and a past participle verb form.
This document contains corrections to errors in sentences from the movie Ice Age II. A group including Angie Ordoñez, Vania Bascope, and Gemma Esteve corrected sentences that each member had written incorrectly. They were instructed to upload the corrected presentation to a wiki page titled "Error correction exercise" with their group name and the members who worked on it. The document provides the original incorrect sentence, the correction, and an explanation for each correction.
The document provides information about using past tense and used to for habitual past actions. It includes examples of forming the past simple of regular and irregular verbs. There are also exercises for students to practice using was/were, wasn't/weren't as well as used to to talk about past habits.
This document discusses prepositions and provides examples of their usage. It covers prepositions that indicate spatial relationships like "over", "above", "below"; direction like "across", "along", "by"; time like "before", "after", "during"; and other relationships like "by", "with", "in", "of". It also gives examples of prepositions combined with nouns, adjectives and verbs like "in a hurry", "angry about", "good at", to form idiomatic phrases. The document is intended to serve as a reference for understanding and using prepositions correctly in the English language.
Tips on Using Pronouns [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/22-pronouns/2-self-assessment-quiz-on-pronouns/ ].
LearningPundits helps Job Seekers make great CVs [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/1-cv-preparation-for-freshers/1-cv-writing-tips-for-freshers/ ] , master English Grammar and Vocabulary [ https://learningpundits.com/course/4-english-grammar/ ] , ace Aptitude Tests [ https://learningpundits.com/course/11-mathematical-aptitude/ ], speak fluently in a Group Discussion [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/6-group-discussion-questions/1-tips-for-speaking-in-a-group-discussion/ ] and perform well in Interviews [ https://learningpundits.com/course/2-personal-interview/ ] We also conduct weekly online contests on Aptitude and English [ https://learningpundits.com/contest ]. We also allow Job Seekers to apply for Jobs [ https://learningpundits.com/applyForJobs ]
Irregular past tense verbs and question formation in the past tenseSusan Watson
This document provides information about irregular past tense verbs and question formation in the past tense. It lists common irregular past tense verbs and their forms. It also gives examples of questions in the past tense using question words like when, what, where, who, how many followed by did and the subject and main verb. The document includes practice exercises for students to fill in the blanks with the correct past tense forms of verbs and answer questions in the past tense. It concludes by describing a past tense grammar game for students to play in pairs using dice and worksheets with additional questions.
This document discusses yes/no questions in English. It covers:
- The two types of questions are yes/no questions and wh- questions.
- Yes/no questions are formed by inverting the subject and verb (is, are was, were) or adding auxiliary verbs like do/does.
- Answers to yes/no questions can be short ("Yes", "No") or full sentences. Contractions are common in short negative answers.
- Wh- questions ask for specific information using question words like what, when, where, who, why, how. These follow similar question formation patterns as yes/no questions.
The document discusses plagiarism and how to properly cite sources and avoid plagiarism. It defines plagiarism as taking credit for another's work and explains how it can be avoided by giving proper credit through citations and references. The document then provides guidance on paraphrasing, summarizing, and citing sources in-text and in bibliographies through examples and rules.
The document discusses subject-verb agreement rules. It covers how singular and plural subjects take singular or plural verbs respectively. It provides examples of how subject-verb agreement works in sentences with phrases, clauses, indefinite pronouns, compound subjects, contractions, collective nouns, predicate nominatives, inverted word order, amounts, exceptions, titles, subjects preceded by every or many a, and clauses within sentences. The document aims to clearly explain the rules around matching subjects and verbs.
This document provides an overview of synonyms and includes examples and interactive tasks. It begins with an introduction to synonyms and what they are. It then lists examples of synonym types, including verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. The document outlines four different tasks for readers to complete to practice identifying synonyms, including a crossword puzzle, sentence completion, matching exercises, and a word search. It concludes by providing references for additional information on synonyms.
This document provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms for common verbs and verb tenses in English, including:
- Present simple (regular and irregular verbs)
- Present continuous
- Past simple (regular and irregular verbs)
- Past continuous
- Present perfect
It also includes examples of common time expressions used with different tenses, possessive pronouns and adjectives, interrogative words, articles, quantifiers, and an explanation of the Saxon genitive. The document serves as a reference for proper grammar structures in English.
- Quantifiers like much, many, a lot, lots are used to talk about quantities of things.
- Much and many are used with uncountable and countable nouns respectively in negative sentences and questions to express a large quantity.
- A lot, lots are used with both countable and uncountable nouns in positive sentences to express a large quantity.
- Little and few are used with uncountable and countable nouns respectively to express a small quantity that is not enough.
- A little and a few are used to express a small but sufficient quantity.
Subject Verb Agreement, Using Expressions Of Quantity, By Dr. ShadiaDr. Shadia Banjar
The document discusses subject-verb agreement when using expressions of quantity. It provides examples of expressions of quantity that modify count and non-count nouns. It explains that the verb is usually determined by the noun after "of" in expressions of quantity. Exceptions include "one of", "each of", and "every one of" which take singular verbs even when followed by a plural noun. The verb used with "none of" is also discussed.
The document provides prompts and instructions for various classroom activities and assignments. It includes prompts for turning in homework, taking a quiz, reviewing subject-verb agreement, identifying correct verb forms, and participating in a grammar review game involving wagering on identifying subjects, verbs, and verb forms in sample sentences. The document contains examples, explanations, and exercises to help students practice and review grammar concepts.
The document provides information about the present perfect and simple past tenses in English. It notes that the present perfect connects an action in the past to the present, while the simple past situates an action solely in the past. Examples are given of each tense. The document also discusses using adjectives and adverbs, how to form adverbs from adjectives, and examples of common adverbs. It provides exercises for learners to practice using verbs in the correct tense.
This document provides an overview of basic English grammar concepts including:
- The alphabet, pronouns, present tense verbs like "be", demonstratives, and possessive adjectives.
- How to form the present continuous tense, questions with modal verbs like "can", and common prepositions.
- Rules for plural nouns, irregular plurals, possessive adjectives and pronouns, and positions of place.
- Time markers and an overall verb tense chart with examples.
The document provides information about subject-verb agreement including:
- Singular and plural subjects and verbs
- Identifying the subject
- Indefinite pronouns as singular subjects
- Activities to practice identifying subjects and selecting the correct verb form
- Information and an activity about the novel "The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time" which explores an autistic character investigating a crime.
subjectverbagreement how to match subject with verb.pptHendAshmony
The document discusses subject-verb agreement rules. It provides examples of singular and plural subjects and verbs. The key rules are that a singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb. It also covers irregular verbs and exceptions to the rules when subjects are joined by words like "and", "or", etc.
The document discusses subject-verb agreement rules. It provides examples of singular and plural subjects and verbs. The key rules are that a singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb. It also covers irregular verbs and exceptions to the rules when subjects are joined by words like "and", "or", etc.
Modal Verbs, Past Simple,Past Continuous, Comparatives in Business English eu...Charo Cuart
This document provides vocabulary and grammar structures for business English related to problems in the office, modal verbs, complaints and apologies, the past simple and past continuous tenses, and comparatives. It includes lists of vocabulary for common office problems, modal verbs and their uses, words and phrases for making complaints and apologies. It also explains the rules and uses of the past simple and past continuous tenses. Finally, it covers the formation of comparative and superlative adjectives in English.
This document discusses adjectives and nouns. It defines an adjective as a word that describes a person or thing, and usually comes before nouns or after linking verbs. Nouns are defined as words used to refer to a person or thing. Examples are given of adjectives being used attributively before nouns or predicatively after verbs. The position of adjectives in English is discussed as varying based on their function.
The document discusses the present simple tense in English. It explains that the present simple is used to talk about general truths, habitual actions, and things that happen regularly. It provides examples of using the present simple in the affirmative, interrogative, and negative forms in the first, second, third person singular and plural. It also discusses using the present simple with adverbs of frequency and the verb "to be".
Tugas 2.3. Media Pembelajaran-Drs. I Made Sujana, M.A. - Ni Luh Yarmini.pptxrimasusanti7
This document provides an English lesson on asking and stating information about jobs, professions, habits, and the functions of things. It includes examples of questions and statements using the simple present tense, such as "What does your father do?" and "I always eat breakfast before school." Students are instructed to observe pictures and complete sentences using provided words. As homework, students are asked to observe five animals and write about their activities. The document teaches English grammar and vocabulary through examples and exercises related to occupations, routines, and animal behavior.
The document provides an overview of basic English grammar and vocabulary. It covers topics such as verbs, pronouns, word order in questions, parts of speech, vocabulary for family members and daily objects, and small talk expressions. Examples are given for conjugating verbs, affirmative and negative sentences, and asking questions. Ordinal numbers, times of day, and pronunciation tips are also listed.
The document provides information about forming negatives, verbs, nouns, irregular nouns, and adjectives for the FCE exam. It includes tables listing examples of prefixes, suffixes, and their meanings used to form negatives of words. It also lists suffixes to form verbs, nouns, and irregular nouns. Questions are provided after each section to test understanding.
The document discusses the basic classifications of verb tenses in English including simple, continuous, and perfect tenses which each have a present, past, and future form. It explains the formation and usage of the simple present, past, and future tenses providing examples. Exceptions to tense rules for irregular verbs and the verb "to be" are also noted.
This document provides examples of subject-verb agreement errors and exercises for students to identify the correct verb form based on the subject. There are 3 sections: A) sentences where the subject and verb must agree are underlined, B) the correct verb form is underlined from options in parentheses, and C) the correct verb form is underlined when substituting pronouns for nouns as subjects. The document aims to help students learn and practice subject-verb agreement.
This document discusses English verb tenses and types of verbs. It outlines 16 tenses and describes regular, irregular, verbal and nominal verbs. For each verb type, it provides examples of how to form positive, negative and interrogative sentences in different tenses. Key points covered include the use of auxiliaries like "do", "be" and "have" to change sentence structure depending on tense and polarity.
The document discusses the simple future tense in English using the forms "will" and "be going to." It explains that while the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express different meanings. "Will" is used to express voluntary actions or promises, while "be going to" expresses plans. Both can also be used to make predictions about the future, where there is no difference in meaning. Examples are provided to illustrate the uses and forms of each.
This document provides information about verbs and activities related to verb identification. It discusses action verbs, linking verbs, helping verbs, and compound verbs. It then describes an activity where students identify subjects and verbs in sentences and wager on their answers in a grammar review game. Finally, it mentions going over diagnostic essays and completing a worksheet to analyze errors. Students are assigned to study for a quiz, write a paragraph, and turn in the diagnostic essay worksheet.
This document provides information about verbs and activities related to verb identification. It discusses action verbs, linking verbs, helping verbs, and compound verbs. It then describes an activity where students identify subjects and verbs in sentences and wager on their answers in a grammar review game. Finally, it mentions going over diagnostic essays and completing a worksheet to analyze issues in those essays. Students are assigned to study for a quiz, write a paragraph, and complete the diagnostic essay worksheet.
This document provides information about gerunds and infinitives in English grammar. It defines gerunds as verb forms ending in "-ing" that are used in progressive tenses. Infinitives are the base form of verbs preceded by "to", like "to speak". The document lists rules for forming regular gerunds and presents examples of gerund and infinitive usage. It also provides exercises for learners to practice identifying gerunds and infinitives in sentences.
په پښتو ژبه کی دانګلیسي ژبی اسانه ګرامر ی یواځی ددی لپاره چی ګران لوستونکي ترینه ښه استفاده وکړي او الله دی وکړي چی نورو ته یی هم ورسوي انشاالله په راتلونکي کی به نور هم پدی برخه کی خواري او کوشش وکړو . ګرانو لوستونکو که چیرته کومه نیمګړتیا وی نو زما په ورکړل شوي ایمیل راته صرف یو ایمیل راولیګی ستاسو ورور اظهارالحق کامران
1. E-Foundation: Grammar
Building Strong Foundation is
crucially vital as it does save
you from making unforgivable
ugly mistakes.
The way you speak reflects so
much about you.
5. E-Foundation
Special Focus on Grammar
20 GRAMMAR ELEMENTARY
RULES
8 Parts of Speech
NO VISION NO MISSION
aIM TO MASTER
20 GRAMMAR RULES
6. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #1
Subject (Pronoun) VERB TO BE
He (Tuah) Is (was)
She (Teja) Is (was)
It (The Palace) Is (was)
I Am (Was)
You (Singular)(Plural) Are (Were)
We (You & I) Are (Were)
They (Tuah & Teja) Are (Were)
7. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #2
Subject (Pronoun) VERB TO HAVE
He (Tuah) Has (had)
She (Teja) Has (had)
It (The Palace) Has (had)
I Have (had)
You (Singular)(Plural) Have (had)
We (You & I) Have (had)
They (Tuah & Teja) Have (had)
8. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #3
Subject (Pronoun) VERB TO DO
He (Tuah) Does (Did)
She (Teja) Does (Did)
It (The Palace) Does (Did)
I Do (Did)
You (Singular)(Plural) Do (Did)
We (You & I) Do (Did)
They (Tuah & Teja) Do (Did)
9. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #4
Demonstrative Pronouns:
This Books (Singular) is/ has /does…
ThEse Books (Plural) are/ have/ do
That Books (Singular)…
ThOse BookS (Plural) …
10. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #5
3rd person
Singular
He }
She } comes / goes
It }
1st person (Singular)
2nd person (S/ Plural)
1st person (Plural)
3rd person (Plural)
I }
You } come / go
We }
They }
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT:
12. E-Foundation:
INTRO:Grammar Rule #7
NEGATION
MAIN VERB AUXILIARY VERB
A1. Pak Kaduk met Pak Pandir.
A2. Pak Kaduk did not meet Pak Pandir.
B1. I go to school every day.
B2. I do not go to school every day.
C1. She adores her aunt.
C2. She does not adore her aunt.
X1. She is a pilot.
X2. She is not a pilot.
Y1. He has eaten.
Y2. He has not eaten.
Z1. They will die.
Z2. They will not die.
13. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #7a
CHANGING AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENTS TO
NEGATIVE ONES:
(A1) HAMID HAS A COAT.
(A1) HAMID DOES NOT HAVE A COAT.
(B1) Mat & Lah have TWO HELPERS.
(B2) Mat & LAH DO NOT HAVE TWO HELPERS.
(C1) You had an exam.
(C2) YOU DID NOT HAVE AN EXAM.
14. E-Foundation:
INTRO:Grammar Rule #7
OBSERVE THESE SENTENCES:
1. Si Luncai has a new house.
2. Si Luncai had a new coat.
3. Mahsuri has two pencils.
4. Pak Kaduk built a small house.
5. Muthu and I have new books.
6. I wrote a letter.
7. Fatimah is an excellent daughter.
8. Aidit was tall, dark and nasty.
9. Hang Tuah does a good job.
10. Siti Siber did a fabulous assignment.
15. E-Foundation:
INTRO:Grammar Rule #7
OBSERVE THESE SENTENCES:
1. She is going to school.
2. They are doing the house chores.
3. The food was eaten by the gorilla.
4. The games were initiated by the English Peer
Aides.
5. He / She / It has begun/ eaten / slept.
6. I / You / We / They have begun / eaten/ slept.
7. He / She / It / I / You / We / They had begun/ eaten/
slept.
8. He / She / It does go to the ball.
9. I / You / We / They do go to the ball.
10. He / She / It / I / You / We / They did go to the ball.
16. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule # 8
QUESTION
YES / NO QUESTIONS WH- QUESTIONS
MAIN VERB AUXILIARY VERB MAIN VERB AUXILIARY VERB
1. Do you live
here?
2. Does she live
here?
3. Did he live
here?
1. Is he leaving?
2. Can he come?
3. Have you seen
him?
Wh- word;
Who where
What why
Which when
how
17. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #8a
CHANGING STATEMENTS TO
YES / NO QUESTIONS:
(A1) HAMID HAS A COAT.
(A1) DOES HAMID HAVE A COAT?
(B1) Mat & Lah have TWO HELPERS.
(B2) DO Mat & Lah HAVE TWO HELPERS?
(C1) You had an exam.
(C2) DID you have an exam?
18. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #9: Modal Auxiliary
(NOUN)
(PRONOUN)
HE
SHE
IT
I
YOU
WE
THEY
SHALL ( I / WE)
SHOULD
CAN
COULD
MAY
MIGHT
WILL
WOULD
HAD BETTER
MUST
HAVE TO
HAVE GOT TO
OUGHT TO
DOes
GOing
EAT
WALK
ate
19. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #9: Modal Auxiliary
MODAL AUXILIARY (+) BASE FORM /
ROOT VERB
Examples:
1. Lokman may write his name.
2. My father can come.
3. Her niece will play the violin.
4. They must forgive him.
5. We ought to do well in the exam.
21. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #11: Infinitive (Verb)
TO (+) Base FORM / Root Verb
Examples:
1. She likes to sulk.
2. He wants to eat you.
3. They went to school. (?)
4. We choose to excel in our lives.
22. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #12
SUBJECT (of a sentence):
= something (sth) or someone that’s
talked, written about or studied;
= the doer [ someone / sth that does
something]
23. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #13
PREDICATE (in a sentence):
= part of a statement which says sth.
about the subject;
= the story to the subject;
= the explanation of action, condition,
or effect of the subject.
25. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #12, 13, & 14
Examples:
I like you.
She likes me.
The cat eats the fish.
You are liked by me.
I am liked by her.
The fish is eaten by the cat.
26. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #15 & 16
TRANSITIVE vs. INTRANSITIVE
VERBS VERBS
Transitive Verbs = verbs, followed by
an object
Intransitive Verbs = verbs, NOT
followed by an object
27. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #15 & 16
TRANSITIVE VERBS INTRANSITIVE VERBS
(a) The farmer raises vegetables.
(raise, raised, raised)
(b) The sun rises in the east.
(rise, rose, risen)
(c) I will set the book on the desk.
(lay, laid, laid)
(d) I will sit in the front row.
(sit, sat, sat)
(e) I am laying the book on the
desk. (lay, laid, laid)
(f) He is lying on the bed.
(lie, lay, lain)
(g) I shined my shoes.
(shine, shined, shined)
(h) The sun shone through the
window. (shine, shone, shone)
(i) I hung my clothes in the closet.
(hang, hung, hung)
(j) They hanged the criminal by the
neck. (hang, hanged, hanged)
(k) He lied to me about his age.
(lie, lied, lied)
28. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #17
ADVERB
= words which answer questions beginning with
HOW, WHEN, & WHEN;
= MODIFY verbs; tell us more about
an action or a condition.
Examples:
1. I eat quickly.
2. She walks slowly.
3. They came late.
4. Ali is sometimes naughty.
29. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #17a:Types of Adverbs
MANNER
Quickly
Gently
Softly
Carefully
TIME
Now
Then
Always
Every day
tomorrow
Tonight,
By,
For,
Since this
morning,
FREQUENCY
Always
Occasionally
Sometimes
Usually
Often
Regularly
Frequently
Seldom
Rarely
Hardly
Never
Normally
PLACE
Inside,
Up,
Here,
There,
Outside
Under
above
DIRECTION
Left,
Right,
Toward
North
Straight
Forward
Upward
DEGREE
Completely
Totally
Entirely
Thoroughly
Very
So
Quite
Rather
Almost
Nearly
30. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #18
ADJECTIVE
= words that tell us more about NOUNS
and PRONOUNS;
= words that name a quality
Examples:
A red book
A tall boy
Aflin is an intelligent pupil.
He a brainy boy.
31. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #19
PREPOSITION
= words that show us the position of ………………
a noun: (man)
a noun phrase:
(the fat man)
a pronoun:
(he)
Examples:
The fat man on the bus waved to the girl at the shop.
He waited inside the house.
32. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #19a
COMMON ONE-WORD PREPOSITION
About above across after along among
around, at before behind below beneath
Beside between by down during for
from in into like near of off on out
over toward under until up upon with
Till to without
33. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #19B
TWO-WORD PREPOSITION
According to along with as for
Because of due to away from
Except for owing to far from
Out of up to
together with
34. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule #19C
THREE-WORD PREPOSITION
As far as in front of
by means of in relation to
In line with in so far as
In order to in comparison with
On top of in contrast to
35. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule # 20
CONJUNCTION
= words that join, connect …
1. words: Tuah and Jebat, tea and coffee,
black and white
2. Phrases: a little girl and her mother, a
glass of water and a cup of coffee
3. Clauses: Everyone in the room left when
the programme ended. Salmah was
looking for a book which she borrowed.
36. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule # 20A
CONJUNCTION
SIMPLE / COMPOUND SENTENCES
( CONJUNCTION)
COMPLEX SENTENCES
(CONJUNCTION)
AND // OR // BUT
EITHER… OR
NEITHER … NOR
BOTH … AND
NOT ONLY … BUT ALSO
ALTHOUGH,
BECAUSE, HOWEVER,
IF, SO THAT,
IN ORDER THAT,
AS FAR AS,
NO SOONER THAN
37. E-Foundation:
Grammar Rule # 20B
CONJUNCTION
LOGICAL CONNECTORS SEQUENCE CONNECTORS
and., or, because,
not only..but also,
however,
nevertheless
etc.
Firstly, secondly,
thirdly, next,
then, finally etc.