1. ïãëØÛa@‡íÛa@ëc@oããa@Ç@Ùîmdm@ÞbàÇþaë@ñŠa†a@kn×@t‡yþ@òîÇìjc@ò–ý‚
20/80 ‫ﻣﺒــﺪأ‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

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K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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2. 1 ‫ﻣﺒﺪأ 08/02 ﺻــ‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬20‫א‬8020L80
 K‫א‬80‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬20‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ 80 – – ،  ‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬،‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬8020‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K،20L80‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J

 2J 1‫ א‬J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J 20L80–‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 20‫א‬ 80‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬20J 1
 KJ ‫א‬J 80‫א‬J 2
 6J 3‫ א‬J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ‫א‬20L80–‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬20L80
 K‫א‬‫א‬K1
 K‫א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬K3
 K‫א‬K4
 K‫א‬K5
 K‫א‬K6
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K7
 K‫א‬‫א‬K8
 K‫א‬‫א‬K9
 K‫א‬K10
 8J 6‫ א‬J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J ‫א‬‫א‬20L80–‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬20L80‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K4
 K‫א‬‫א‬K5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K6
 W‫א‬‫א‬20L80‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ 20L80‫א‬ K1
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80‫א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬20L80‫א‬K3
 K‫א‬‫א‬،20L80‫א‬K4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬20L80‫א‬K5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬20L80‫א‬K6
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬20L80‫א‬K7

3. 2 ‫ﻣﺒﺪأ 08/02 ﺻــ‬ 
،George k. Zipf  K  ‫א‬ 20L80     ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،Joseph M. Juran‫א‬K ،‫א‬ 20L80
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬20L80‫א‬K1950
? ،?‫א‬ ‫א‬ ? ،?‫א‬ ‫א‬ ? W   ،  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬80‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬ 20
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80  ،‫א‬  W
 ‫א‬،‫א‬ ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   20   J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 W20L80‫א‬  K
 K‫א‬15‫א‬‫א‬80  J      ‫א‬ J   80‫א‬    J 2
 K‫א‬25‫א‬‫א‬80  K
 80‫א‬ 20 ،‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   80 ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   K1897 Vilfredo Pareto   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬20 ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    
 80‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 20 ‫א‬ K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 80‫א‬‫א‬ 20
80‫א‬‫א‬ 20 ‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ – ‫א‬  J  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   KE‫א‬‫א‬20L80
 K‫א‬

20/80 ‫ﻤﺒﺩﺃ‬
W‫א‬K‫א‬20‫א‬80

 ‫א‬‫א‬20‫א‬J 1
 ،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 ‫א‬‫א‬80‫א‬ 80
 K‫א‬20 ٪
٪20
 20L80
 20L80‫א‬K2  20L80‫א‬‫א‬K1
‫א‬ 20L80‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬      J  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  – ‫א‬  K‫א‬
 K‫א‬

4. 
3 ‫ﻣﺒﺪأ 08/02 ﺻــ‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬  W20L80
‫א‬20L80  W20L80‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 ‫א‬‫א‬،20L80
 ‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬  20L80   
 W‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ،E ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬20L80 ،20L80  25L75   ‫א‬   F ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K1  KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬K2   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬K3   E‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬K4  ‫א‬   –     –  ،‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬K5 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬K6  K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K7  W20L80‫א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬K8 ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K9 ‫א‬ ، 20L80
 K‫א‬K10    20L80   ‫א‬‫א‬    
 W‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 20‫א‬‫א‬ ،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K1  20L80‫א‬K
 20‫א‬‫א‬ 80‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   20    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬20‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K1
  K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K2
 20L80   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 KK3   W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K4     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ WK1  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬       80    ‫א‬  
 ،‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K1     ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K2  W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ?
 J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫–א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬      ،   ?K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬  George Bernard ShawJ
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬    K ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ?K
‫א‬        ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ K1  Joseph FordJ
 K‫א‬

5. 
4 ‫ﻣﺒﺪأ 08/02 ﺻــ‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬20L80  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2
 20‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 80K1  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ K3
 20 80‫א‬ J 2 ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K3 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬20L80 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬    K‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   80  ‫א‬   K‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ 20 ‫א‬K1
  ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
      20L80  ‫א‬‫א‬  K2 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬
 K‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬ K3
‫א‬ 20L80‫א‬‫א‬K3 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬   K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
    ‫א‬     ،‫א‬  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
  ، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬K2
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80
 ‫א‬      K   ‫א‬    W
 ‫א‬      ‫א‬  ‫א‬    1990  1950    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K1
‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬  ، W. Edwards   ‫א‬  Joseph Juran ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KDenning
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،20L80
 ‫א‬K4 ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬20L80‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 80‫א‬‫א‬ 20K1 ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2
–‫א‬‫א‬ J ‫א‬K  80W‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬20‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  20‫א‬ 80 ،
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  20‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 80‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬
 20‫א‬‫א‬ 80K2  W‫א‬‫א‬20L80
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 20K1
 ، 80،‫א‬80
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
80    20  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

6. 
5 ‫ﻣﺒﺪأ 08/02 ﺻــ‬
 ‫א‬K6 ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80  W،‫א‬
 W‫א‬  K‫א‬K1
‫א‬‫א‬   80  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2
‫א‬    ‫א‬  20 ‫א‬          ‫א‬    ‫א‬ K3
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F  K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬K3
80‫א‬20     ،  K‫א‬     
  ‫א‬      K‫א‬‫א‬          ‫א‬ LL
 K‫א‬‫א‬   ،‫א‬         ،

‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬F ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬  KE80‫א‬20‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬       ‫א‬ 
‫א‬     ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬L‫א‬L‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K7  ‫א‬    ،‫א‬   K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
‫א‬  ‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬K5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 20L80،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬20L80  W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 20‫א‬K1
 ،‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬    K‫א‬ K‫א‬ K 80
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 80 20‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K3       ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬K‫א‬K3
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K4  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K5 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 100 10‫א‬،‫א‬  K
 K ،  20‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K4
 K‫א‬80‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K8  20‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،K5
‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   80  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬    ‫א‬   80 ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  K
 W20L80  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K1 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K6
 K
  ‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، K2  K‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K7
‫א‬‫א‬ K3 ‫א‬     ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬   80‫א‬
 K    ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  20‫א‬ ‫א‬ K4  K
 K‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ K8
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 20L80      ‫א‬  ،   
 K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬