2-Stoma Creation human being (ne2w).pptx
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An exploratory laparotomy is a surgical procedure where an incision is made through the abdominal wall to access the abdominal cavity. It is used to investigate the causes of conditions like acute abdomen from trauma or infection, to remove foreign bodies, for cancer staging, or as part of other procedures. The abdomen is thoroughly examined and any necessary treatments are performed before closing the incision. Potential complications include infection, hernia, and adhesive bowel obstruction.
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Sim's speculum is a duck-bill shaped speculum used to retract the vaginal walls for examination of the cervix and vagina, and has single or double ended blades of varying sizes. It is inserted with its transverse axis along the long axis of the labia and rotated 90 degrees to retract the posterior vaginal wall. Some disadvantages are that it is not self-retaining and can move with the hand, making it unsuitable for procedures like colposcopy.
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This document discusses hydrosalpinx, which is a distended fallopian tube filled with fluid caused by distal blockage. The main causes are pelvic inflammatory disease from infections like chlamydia. Symptoms can include pelvic pain and infertility. Diagnosis involves ultrasound, HSG, CT or MRI. Treatment depends on whether fertility is desired. For fertility, salpingectomy before IVF improves live birth rates by removing toxic fluid. Tubal surgery may help mild cases. IVF is main treatment if fertility desired. Leaving a non-painful hydrosalpinx in situ is also an option if not trying to conceive.
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The contrast medium is diluted in MCU to reduce the risk of adverse reactions from a highly concentrated agent being injected into the bladder.
Pre-warming the contrast medium to body temperature helps reduce spasms of the external urethral sphincter during the procedure.
Stress incontinence refers to involuntary leakage of urine during activities that increase abdominal pressure like coughing, sneezing, lifting etc.
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1) NOTES (Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery) is a developing minimally invasive surgical technique that performs procedures through natural orifices like the mouth, anus, urethra, or vagina without external incisions.
2) Several NOTES procedures have been performed successfully in animal models and humans including transgastric, transvaginal, and transcolonic approaches.
3) However, concerns remain regarding infection risk, closure techniques for internal incisions, and lack of triangulation and retraction compared to laparoscopy. Further research is still needed before NOTES can be widely adopted.
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It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
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The contrast medium is diluted in MCU to reduce the risk of adverse reactions from a highly concentrated agent being injected into the bladder.
Pre-warming the contrast medium to body temperature helps reduce spasms of the external urethral sphincter during the procedure.
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RGU stands for Retrograde Urethrograph
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2) Several NOTES procedures have been performed successfully in animal models and humans including transgastric, transvaginal, and transcolonic approaches.
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- 1. M UPUL PATHMASENA. WOCN. NATIONAL HOSPITAL COLOMBO T.P. 0714418413 STOMA CREATION.
- 2. STOMA CREATION. • Rationale for WOC nurse marking the stoma site. • Optimal site the stoma that will facilitate management by the patient or care giver. • A poorly sited stoma has several problems.
- 3. USUAL STOMA CREATION. • Colostomy; - Descending /Sigmoid colostomy.. LLQ -Transverse colostomy ..LLQ or RUQ - Ascending colostomy..RUQ or RLQ
- 4. USUAL STOMA CREATION. • Ileostomy..RLQ. -Ileal conduit.. RLQ -Continent Diversion [ fecal or urinary] ..RLQ
- 6. RECTUS MUSCLE • From xyphoid process to the symphysis pubis. • Runs longitudinally to lateral borders around the nipple line. • Identified by inspection & palpation.
- 7. RECTUS MUSCLE • From xyphoid process to the symphysis pubis. • Runs longitudinally to lateral borders around the nipple line. • Identified by inspection & palpation.
- 8. HOW TO IDENTIFIED RECTUS MUSCLE. • Inspection & palpation. • Ease to identify in a supine position. • Palpating while the patient lift his head & or feet . • Laughs or coughs . • Stretch the arms over the head . • Lift patient ‘s head from the pillow. • [Wheel chair bound patient – mark them in the wheel chair.]
- 9. HOW TO IDENTIFIED RECTUS MUSCLE.
- 10. HOW TO IDENTIFIED RECTUS MUSCLE
- 11. CONCLUSION. • Stoma site marking an essential role in the rehabilitation of patients. • Spending time choosing the appropriate stoma site is essential for their physical & psychological wellbeing.
- 12. THANK YOU