ethichal enginnering

1. Professional Ethics
Lecture # 2
Assoc. Prof. Mohamed M. Abdelhafiz
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2. Engineers: Professionals for the Human Good
‫المهندسون‬
:
‫اإلنساني‬ ‫الخير‬ ‫أجل‬ ‫من‬ ‫محترفون‬
WHAT IS A PROFESSION?
A profession is a number of individuals in the same occupation
voluntarily organized to earn a living by openly serving a moral ideal in
a morally permissible way beyond what law, market, morality, and
public opinion would otherwise require.
‫الخدمة‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫من‬ ‫العيش‬ ‫لكسب‬ ‫طواعية‬ ‫منظمين‬ ‫المهنة‬ ‫نفس‬ ‫في‬ ‫األفراد‬ ‫من‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫هي‬ ‫المهنة‬
، ‫السوق‬ ‫واحكام‬ ‫القانون‬ ‫تتجاوز‬ ‫ان‬ ‫بدون‬ ‫أخالقيا‬ ‫بها‬ ‫مسموح‬ ‫بطريقة‬ ‫أخالقي‬ ‫لمثل‬ ‫العلنية‬
‫العام‬ ‫والرأي‬ ، ‫األخالق‬
.
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3. Characteristics of a Profession ‫المهنة‬ ‫خصائص‬
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1. Extensive period of training of an intellectual character, usually obtained at a college or
university. 1
.
‫جامعة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫كلية‬ ‫في‬ ‫عليها‬ ‫الحصول‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫ما‬ ‫وعادة‬ ، ‫الفكري‬ ‫الطابع‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫التدريب‬ ‫من‬ ‫طويلة‬ ‫فترة‬
.
2. Possessing knowledge and skills vital to the well-being of the larger society.
‫األكبر‬ ‫المجتمع‬ ‫مع‬ ‫للتعامل‬ ‫الحيوية‬ ‫والمهارات‬ ‫المعرفة‬ ‫امتالك‬
.
3. A monopoly or near-monopoly on the provision of professional services, and
considerable control over professional education and the standards for admission into the
profession. ‫ف‬ ‫القبول‬ ‫ومعايير‬ ‫المهني‬ ‫التعليم‬ ‫على‬ ‫كبيرة‬ ‫وسيطرة‬ ، ‫المهنية‬ ‫الخدمات‬ ‫لتقديم‬ ‫احتكار‬ ‫شبه‬ ‫أو‬ ‫احتكار‬
‫ي‬
‫المهنة‬
.
4. An unusual degree of autonomy in the workplace. 4
.
‫مكان‬ ‫في‬ ‫االستقاللية‬ ‫من‬ ‫عادية‬ ‫غير‬ ‫درجة‬
‫العمل‬
.
5. A claim to be regulated by ethical standards, usually embodied in a code of ethics, that
promotes the good of the public. 5
.
‫تعزز‬ ، ‫أخالقية‬ ‫مدونة‬ ‫في‬ ‫عادة‬ ‫تتجسد‬ ، ‫أخالقية‬ ‫معايير‬ ‫تنظمه‬ ‫ادعاء‬
‫العام‬ ‫الصالح‬
.

4. ENGINEERING IS A PROFESSION
‫الهندسة‬
‫مهنة‬
• Engineering ethics is the study of moral issues that confront engineers
and engineering organizations when some crucial decisions are taken.
Engineering research and practice require that the task being performed
considers all the pros and cons of a certain action and its implementation.
‫أخالقيات‬
‫الهندسة‬
‫هي‬
‫دراسة‬
‫القضايا‬
‫األخالقية‬
‫التي‬
‫تواجه‬
‫المهندسين‬
‫والهندسة‬
‫المنظمات‬
‫عند‬
‫اتخاذ‬
‫بعض‬
‫القرارات‬
‫الحاسمة‬ . ‫البحوث‬
‫الهندسية‬
‫و‬
‫تتطلب‬
‫الممارسة‬
‫أن‬
‫تأخذ‬
‫المهمة‬
‫التي‬
‫يتم‬
‫تنفيذها‬
‫في‬
‫االعتبار‬
‫جميع‬
‫إيجابيات‬
‫وسلبيات‬
‫إجراءات‬
‫معينة‬
‫وتنفيذها‬ .
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5. Independent organizations like NSPE have prepared value-based ethical
codes applicable to all engineering professions. These are mentioned
below:
• Engineering is transforming science into useful products for human comfort.
‫الإنسان‬ ‫لراحة‬ ‫مفيدة‬ ‫منتجات‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫العلم‬ ‫تحول‬ ‫الهندسة‬
.
• Engineering is something that engineers do, and what they do has profound effects on
others.
‫الآخرين‬ ‫على‬ ‫عميقة‬ ‫آثار‬ ‫له‬ ‫يفعلونه‬ ‫وما‬ ، ‫المهندسون‬ ‫به‬ ‫يقوم‬ ‫شيء‬ ‫الهندسة‬
.
Engineering ethics is the ability as well as the responsibility of an engineer to judge his
decisions from the context of the general well-being of society. ‫قدرة‬ ‫هي‬ ‫الهندسة‬ ‫أخلاقيات‬
‫للمجتمع‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الرفاهية‬ ‫سياق‬ ‫من‬ ‫قراراته‬ ‫على‬ ‫الحكم‬ ‫على‬ ‫مسؤوليته‬ ‫وكذلك‬ ‫المهندس‬
.
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6. Factors Affecting Ethical Standards in
Engineering
Engineering is a field that
requires not only technical
expertise but also a strong
sense of ethical
responsibility.
• ‫بل‬ ، ‫فحسب‬ ‫فنية‬ ‫خبرة‬ ‫يتطلب‬ ‫ال‬ ‫مجال‬ ‫الهندسة‬
‫األخالقية‬ ‫بالمسؤولية‬ ‫قويا‬ ‫إحساسا‬ ‫أيضا‬ ‫يتطلب‬
.
Ethical standards in
engineering refer to the moral
principles and values that
guide the behavior and
decision-making of engineers
in their professional and
personal lives.
• ‫والق‬ ‫المبادئ‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫الهندسة‬ ‫في‬ ‫األخالقية‬ ‫المعايير‬ ‫تشير‬
‫يم‬
‫القرار‬ ‫وصنع‬ ‫المهندسين‬ ‫سلوك‬ ‫توجه‬ ‫التي‬ ‫األخالقية‬
‫والشخصية‬ ‫المهنية‬ ‫حياتهم‬ ‫في‬
.
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7. Factors Affecting Ethical Standards in Engineering
‫الهندسة‬
‫كتجربة‬
‫لخير‬
‫البشرية‬
‫هي‬
‫عامل‬
‫ملحوظ‬
‫ينطوي‬
‫على‬
‫عواقب‬
‫بعيدة‬
‫المدى‬
Engineering as experimentation for the
good of mankind is a notable factor
involving farreaching consequences
‫المعضالت‬
‫األخالقية‬
‫تجعل‬
‫اتخاذ‬
‫القرارات‬
‫الهندسية‬
‫أمرا‬
‫صعبا‬
‫نسبيا‬ .
Ethical dilemmas make engineering
decisions relatively difficult to make.
‫المخاطر‬
‫وسالمة‬
‫المواطنين‬
‫حيث‬
‫أن‬
‫المسؤولية‬
‫االجتماعية‬
‫هي‬
‫الشغل‬
‫الشاغل‬
‫للمهندس‬
Risk and safety of citizens as social
responsibility is a prime concern of an
engineer
‫يمكن‬
‫أن‬
‫يكون‬
‫التقدم‬
‫التكنولوجي‬
‫متطلبا‬
‫للغاية‬
‫على‬
‫المهارات‬
‫الهندسية‬
‫في‬
‫السياق‬
‫العالمي‬
Technological advancement can be very
demanding on the engineering skill in
the global context
‫تلعب‬
‫القيم‬
‫األخالقية‬
‫والسلوك‬
‫المسؤول‬
‫دورا‬
‫حاسما‬
‫في‬
‫صنع‬
‫القرار‬ .
Moral values and responsible conduct
will play a crucial role in decision-
making.
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8. Comparison Between Ethics and Engineering Ethics
Ethics
Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with moral principles,
values, and codes of conduct that govern human behavior.
It is a field that is concerned with distinguishing
right from wrong and providing guidelines for ethical decision-
making.
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9. Comparison Between Ethics and Engineering Ethics
Ethics
• Study of right or wrong. ‫الخطأ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الصواب‬ ‫دراسة‬
• Good and evil.‫والشر‬ ‫الخير‬
• Obligations & rights.‫والحقوق‬ ‫االلتزامات‬
• Social and Political Deals. ‫والسياسية‬ ‫االجتماعية‬ ‫الصفقات‬
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10. Comparison Between Ethics and Engineering Ethics
Engineering Ethics
is a specialized branch of ethics that focuses on the ethical issues
and considerations that arise in the field of engineering.
It is a field that is concerned with distinguishing
right from wrong and providing guidelines for ethical decision-
making.
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11. Comparison Between Ethics and Engineering Ethics
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Engineering Ethics
• Study of the moral issues and decisions confronting individuals and
organizations engaged in engineering/profession.
• Study of related questions about the moral ideals, character, policies, and
relationship of people and corporations involved in technological activity.
• Moral standards/values and system of morals.

12. Difference
Between
Morality and
Ethics
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Morality
• Refers only to personal
behavior.
• Refers to any aspect of
human action.
• Social conventions about
right or wrong conduct.

13. Difference Between Morality and Ethics
Ethics
Involves defining, analyzing, evaluating, and
resolving moral problems
developing moral criteria to guide human
behavior.
Critical reflection on what one does and
why one does it.
Refers only to professional behavior.
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