2 3 Trees Algorithm - Data Structure
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This document discusses 2-3 trees, which are trees where each internal node has either 2 or 3 children and all leaves are at the same depth. Some key rules for 2-3 trees are that internal nodes can have 1 or 2 keys, leaves are all at the same depth, and internal nodes have either 1 key and 2 subtrees or 2 keys and 3 subtrees. The advantages of 2-3 trees are that they may be shorter than binary search trees while still maintaining relative balance simplicity during insertion and deletion.
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2-3 Tree
The document discusses 2-3 and 2-3-4 trees, which are self-balancing search trees where internal nodes can have 2, 3, or 4 child nodes. 2-3 and 2-3-4 trees stay balanced during insertions and deletions by splitting or merging nodes. Key advantages are that they require fewer rebalancing operations than regular binary search trees and can perform insertions and deletions in logarithmic time. The document provides examples and explanations of how nodes are split or merged during insertions and deletions to maintain balance in 2-3 and 2-3-4 trees.
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2 3 tree
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Data Structure and Algorithms Binary Search Tree
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Data Structure and Algorithms Binary Search Tree
Binary search trees (BSTs) are data structures that allow for efficient searching, insertion, and deletion. Nodes in a BST are organized so that all left descendants of a node are less than the node's value and all right descendants are greater. This property allows values to be found, inserted, or deleted in O(log n) time on average. Searching involves recursively checking if the target value is less than or greater than the current node's value. Insertion follows the search process and adds the new node in the appropriate place. Deletion handles three cases: removing a leaf, node with one child, or node with two children.
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Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Recently uploaded (20)
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
2 3 Trees Algorithm - Data Structure
- 2. Introduction 2-3 tree is a tree in which each internal node(non-leaf) has either 2 or 3 children, and all leaves are at the same level
- 3. Some Rules for 2-3 Trees A node may contain 1 or 2 keys All leaf nodes are at the same depth All non-leaf nodes (except the root) have either 1 key and two subtrees, or 2 keys and three subtrees The only changes in depth are when the root splits or underflows
- 5. Another Example of 2-3 Tree
- 6. The Advantages of the 2-3 Trees Even though searching a 2-3 tree is not more efficient than searching a binary search tree, by allowing the node of a 2-3 tree to have three children, a 2-3 tree might be shorter than the shortest possible binary search tree. Maintaining the balance of a 2-3 tree is relatively simple than maintaining the balance of a binary search tree .
- 8. Insert 38
- 9. Insert 37
- 10. Deletion 1.Locate node n, which contains item I 2.If node n is not a leaf swap I with inorder successor deletion always begins at a leaf 3.If leaf node n contains another item, just delete item I
- 11. Delete 70
- 12. Deleting70: swap 70 with inorder successor (80)
- 13. Deleting70: ... get rid of 70
- 14. Result… Now delete 100
- 15. Deleting 100
- 16. Result… Now lets delete 80
- 17. Deleting 80 ...
- 18. Deleting 80 ...
- 19. Deleting 80 ...
- 20. Result…