14 July 2016 - This presentation was delivered by UNDP Programme Manager in Cyprus Ms. Tiziana Zennaro on the occasion of the first Famagusta Open Meeting organised by the Technical Committee on Cultural Heritage (TCCH) and UNDP to present their work in Famagusta. It provides an overview of UNDP's work in Cyprus in support of the TCCH and our upcoming projects in Famagusta. You can find out more about UNDP's work in Cyprus on our website www.cy.undp.org UNDP works in Cyprus to support the ongoing peace and confidence buidling process. Together with the European Union and other donors, UNDP in Cyprus works in support of different bi-communal Technical Committees in the implementation of their confidence building measures. Our main partners are: the Technical Committee on Cultural Heritage, the Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus and the Technical Committee on Crossings.

1. SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
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2. UNDP’s assistance to the Technical
Committee on Cultural Heritage
started in 2009 when it was requested
by the European Commission to
support a Study of Cultural Heritage in
Cyprus.
The study laid the foundation for a
more active role of cultural heritage in
the on-going peace and confidence
building process on the island.
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SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE

3. SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
We support the Technical Committee on
Cultural Heritage in the implementation of
their strategy and their visibility/advocacy
efforts.
UNDP support to the TCCH is not limited to
the physical implementation of the works but
it also supports the Technical Committee on
Cultural Heritage in technical and strategic
aspects of their work bringing together
communities, donors, and heritage experts
from both communities.
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WHAT IS THE ROLE OF UNDP?
:

4. Empowered lives.
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SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
WHO IS FUNDING THE WORK OF THE TCCH?
Main donors:
EUROPEAN UNION 8,1 M Euro
CHURCH OF CYPRUS 2,5 M Euro
EVKAF Administration 2,5 M Euro

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SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
HOW DOES UNDP WORK IN PARTNERSHIP
WITH THE TCCH?
TCCH defines the overall strategy
Cultural heritage list is approved by the Leaders
Priorities are identified by the TCCH
Preparatory stage
Designs
Implementation of the Works
Handover to the TCCH

6. Empowered lives.
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SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
HOW DO WE MANAGE PROJECTS AND BUDGETS?
Project Steering Committee
Representatives of:TCCH – Donor –
UNDP
UNDP- PFF
Management
Technical Committee on
Cultural Heritage
Advisory Board
Budget allocations
Management
Implementation

7. SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
Small project activities (SPA) focus on
minor interventions with fast results that both
safeguard the cultural heritage and enhance
community development.
Medium-sized projects focus on
conservation projects of moderate cost and
high impact.
Mega projects focus on large-scale
monuments with great historical and social
value, such as the Apostolos Andreas
Monastery, the Othello Tower, the Famagusta
Walls Complex, and the Agios Panteleimonas
Monastery.
Small project activities
Mega projects
WHICH TYPE OF PROJECTS DO WE IMPLEMENT?
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Medium-sized projects

8. SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
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SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
A. EMERGENCY MEASURES
B. CONSERVATION WORKS
C. RESTORATION WORKS
WHICH TYPE OF INTERVENTION?

9. WHICH IS THE CONSERVATION PHILOSOPHY WE APPLY TO
THE PROJECTS?
Respect for values- Touch the monument as lightly as possible to preserve the original fabric,
authenticity and values. The proper texture, colour and appearance of the walls, stones and
mortar will be respected. Mortar will be applied smooth and depressed. Missing stone will
not be replaced unless structurally necessary.
Minimal Intervention- Only undertake repairs where absolutely necessary structurally, for
both short and long term stability and for visitor safety. Maintain reversibility in any
intervention when possible.
Compatible Materials- Only compatible materials will be used - the proper colour and
materials, proper mortar, stone from an appropriate quarry. The stone used will be
indigenous to the area. Any new materials must match in properties and colours. Re-point
mortar with an appropriate and compatible mortar. Traditional techniques will be used where
when possible.
SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
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SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE

10. Testing- Test all original materials to thoroughly understand their properties and attributes in
order to understand what kind of new materials should be used. Test all new materials.
Discernible Intervention- all interventions will be discernible form the original materials. This
will be marked and documented in a subtle manner. These markings will not be obtrusive.
International Standards- all work will conform to all international conservation practices and
charters.
Sustainability- Prepare for longer term conservation work including manual for maintenance,
list of priority items, protection of fragile area, etc.
Knowledge- Create records and documentation that can be easily followed and serve as a
record of all works, including historic documents and the creation of a bibliography.
SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE
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SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
ON CULTURAL HERITAGE

11. Limassol area
Kyrenia area
Famagusta
Paphos area
Karpaz/Karpasia
area
Morfou/
Guzelyurt area
Mesaoria/Mesarya
area
DISTRIBUTION OF THE PROJECTS THROUGHOUT THE ISLAND
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WHERE ARE THE PROJECTS?

12. 4 ongoing
13 completed
10 planned to be designed
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10 projects designs completed
15 SPAs identified (completed 9)
60!
and more to come!
3 to start soon
1 under tender
4 projects survey completed
HOW MANY PROJECTS?
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ON CULTURAL HERITAGE

13. PROJECTS COMPLETED
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WHICH PROJECTS HAVE WE COMPLETED SO FAR?
• MELANDRINA CHURCH IN AGIOS AMVROSIOS/ESENTEPE – April 2013
• PANAGIA CHURCH IN TRACHONI/DEMIRHAN – October 2013
• AGIOS NICOLAOS CHURCH IN SYRIANACHORI/YAYLA – July 2014
• MOSQUE IN DENEIA/DENYA - November 2014
PHASE I & II
• MOSQUE IN CHERKEZOI/CERKEZ –December 2014

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• AGIOS AFKSENTIOS CHURCH IN KOMIKEBIR/BUYUKKONUK- February 2015
• EVRETOU MOSQUE IN EVRETOU/EVRETU- February 2015
• PAPHOS HAMAM IN PAPHOS/BAF – March 2015
• OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL IN FAMAGUSTA – July 2015
• PROFITIS ELIAS CHURCH IN PHILIA/SERHATKOY – July 2015
PHASE I and II
• THE OLD SAINT GEORGE IN KORMAKITIS/KORMACIT – November 2015
• WATERMILL-AQUEDUCT IN CHRYSOCHOU/HIRSO
- February 2016
WHICH ARE THE COMPLETED PROJECTS SO FAR?
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• AGIOS PANTELEIMONAS MONASTERY IN MYRTU/CAMLIBEL
• APOSTOLOS ANDREAS MONASTERY IN KARPASIA/KARPAZ
• HOLY CROSS CHURCH IN KARPASEIA/KARPASHA
• AGIA MARINA IN AGIA MARINA/GURPINAR
WHICH ARE THE ONGOING PROJECTS?
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16. • KYRENIA CASTLE ‘THE KYRENIA WRECK Gallery’
• MARTINENGO BASTION IN FAMAGUSTA
• VENTIAN WALL BETWEEN ARSENAL
• AND SEA GATE TOWN SIDE IN FAMAGUSTA
• RAVELIN/LAND GATE IN FAMAGUSTA
• ARCHANGELOS MICHAEL IN LEFKONIKOU
WHICH PROJECTS WILL START SOON?
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17. WHICH PROJECTS ARE IN THE PIPELINE? (designs completed) ?
Selection of new priorities are under evaluation by the TCCH
and designs to be carried out
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MARTINENGO CLUSTER CHURCHES;
• ST. ANNE CHURCH OF MARONITES
• ST. MARY CHURCH OF ARMENIANS
• CARMELITE CHURCH (ST. MARY OF CARMEL)
• MESCIT OF TABAKHANE/TANNER’S MOSQUE
(JACOBITE CHURCH)
PAPHOS CLUSTER;
• MINARET OF THE CAMII KEBIR IN PAPHOS
• AGIOS IOANNIS/AYANNI MOSQUE
• AGIOS NICOLAOS/ AYNIKOLA MOSQUE
• HAMAM (HASAN AGA) IN PAPHOS
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18. WHERE ARE THE PEOPLE IN THESE PROJECTS?
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19. WHAT ARE
WE DOING
FOR
FAMAGUSTA?
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20. OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL
Historical background
The Othello Tower/Citadel is an important
monument in the history of Famagusta, Cyprus and
the Mediterranean. Its importance and a sense of
age and mystery are evident when one walks through
the portals of the citadel - with the Lion of Venice still
presiding after hundreds of years.
The citadel consists of wall fortifications, connecting
walls and four remaining towers (originally eight).
These elements are in various states of decay from
ruin to complete walls and rib vaulting. The
monument comprises of two structures one inside
the other. The outer Venetian fortifications that date
from 1492 were constructed around the earlier
Lusignan fortification from the 14th century.
The Othello Tower / Citadel formed the key
defensive position for the city of Famagusta at the
apex of the city walls and the protector between the
port and the sea.
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Fortification System of Famagusta
BEFORE

21. Start Date: 15 May 2014
End Date: 15 July 2015
Type of intervention: Structural Consolidation works
Completion date: 2 July 2015
OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL
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A study “Survey, Investigations, Assessment and Project Design” was
carried out in 2012.
The aim of the Study, was first to identify the critical problems, research
and understand the monument and then create the designs for:
-stabilizing the monument
-protecting the elements that are at most risk while observing
internationally recognized conservation standards
-creating a safe environment for the community and visitors
-accommodating disabled persons with an access path and toilet facilities

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OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL
Control and removal of water • Water on site was the most damaging factor.
• Repair existing drains, supplement them with additional systems
• Create new slopes at roof
• New drainpipes and chains
• New surface drains to remove from the site
• Drains in the fosse

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OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL
New findings during the interventions
• Venetian water channels at the south west roof
• One of the two cisterns at the south roof
• The second cistern at the south roof
• The closed tunnel at the northwest room

24. OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL
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DURING

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OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL
Structural consolidation
• Structural support during intervention
• Cleaning by manual means
• Elimination of areas with no cohesion and leveling
• Removal of loose blocks
• Removal of cement mortars
• Reconstruction of the walls with new masonary – where sections of
the arch vaults have disappeared
• Replacement and reconstruction with similar stone and lime based
mortars compatible with existing materials

26. OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL
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27. OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL
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28. OTHELLO TOWER/CITADEL
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AFTER COMPLETION CEREMONY

29. MUSTAFA PASHA MOSQUE
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The Mustafa Pasa mosque formerly called the
church of Timios Stavros (Holly Cross) is one of
the many historical buildings of Famagusta. It
is one of the many churches all over Cyprus
which were converted to mosques during the
Ottoman period. The mosque is located in the
old town of Famagusta within the Venetian
walls.
The scope of the work is to carry out the emergency measures/works needed so as to
face the most urgent problems, thus to prevent further destruction, a complete and
integrated conservation shall be applied at a later stage. The scope of work included:
• General cleaning
• Removal of vegetation
• Conservation works on the roof including waterproofing
• Rainwater drainage system:

30. WHAT’S NEXT?
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31. SITE VISIT ON 18 APRIL INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR MONUMETS AND SITES
MARTINENGO BASTION
Historical background
Martinengo Bastion is a prime example of state of the art renaissance
military architecture. Unfortunately, it seems unknown and unvisited
by residents and visitors alike. This includes both the exterior and
interior. The Bastion was created by the Venetian architect Giovanni
San Michelle over a period covering almost 10 years. The Venetians
realized that this corner of the Famagusta city defenses were weak and
this structure was designed to strengthen the northwest corner.
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32. WHAT WILL WE DO?
• conserving and stabilizing the monument
• protecting the elements that are at most risk while observing
internationally recognized conservation standards
• creating a safe environment for the reuse of the monument
• ensuring access to persons with disabilities
• creating drainage system to take water away from the bastion
• Minor electrical installation to support the use
Conservation works are envisaged to start as soon as the tendering-
contracting procedure will be completed.
MARTINENGO BASTION
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33. MARTINENGO BASTION
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34. RAVELIN (GATE)
Historical background
The Ravelin / Land Gate is an essential part of the walls of Famagusta and the main entry
point for those arriving to the city from other parts of the island of Cyprus. It is a complex
massive structure built into the living rock with many layers of history from the original
Lusignan original tower to the Venetian Ravelin to the later changes by the Ottomans and
finally British conservation efforts.
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35. WHAT WILL WE DO?
• conserving and stabilizing the monument
• protecting the elements that are at most risk while observing
internationally recognized conservation standards
• creating a safe environment for the reuse of the monument
• ensuring access to persons with disabilities
• creating drainage system to take water away from the bastion
Conservation works are envisaged to start after tendering-contracting
procedure will be completed. The project will address all points
identified above.
SITE VISIT ON 18 APRIL INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR MONUMETS AND SITES
RAVELIN (GATE)
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36. RAVELIN (GATE)
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37. VENETIAN WALLS BETWEEN THE ARSENAL AND OTHELLO
HOLLO
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WHAT WE WILL DO?
• Injection grouting of cracks
• Structural consolidation of cores
• Removal of portland cement
• Installation of new ashlar stones
• Repairs and cleaning of stones
• Pointing and repointing
• Water ingress protection by capping top of walls surfaces
• Rainwater management
.

38. VENETIAN WALLS BETWEEN THE ARSENAL AND OTHELLO
HOLLO
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39. MARTINENGO CLUSTER PROJECTS
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St Mary of Carmel
St Mary of the Armenians
Tanner’s mosque
St Anne of the Maronites
WHY THESE?
- because of the multicultural nature of Cyprus
- to create critical mass in the Martinego area
St Anne of the MaronitesTanner’s mosque
St Mary of CarmelSt Mary of the Armenians

40. ST MARY OF THE ARMENIANS
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WHAT WILL WE DO?
• Overall structural consolidation
• Conservation works on the external and internal walls of
the church
• Conservation works on the roof (exterior and interior)
including waterproofing
• Repair of existing and/or installation of new windows
and doors
• Installation of new drainage system
• External works including water management
• Cleaning of the site and the monument
St Mary of the Armenians
Proposed Interventions

41. TANNER’S MOSQUE
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WHAT WILL WE DO?
• Overall structural consolidation
• Conservation works on the external and internal walls of the church
• Conservation works on the roof (exterior and interior) including
waterproofing
• Introduction of soil strengthening system
• Installation of new drainage system
• External works including water management
• Cleaning of the site and the monument
Tanner’s mosque, 2015
Survey 2015
Proposed interventions

42. ST MARY OF CARMEL (CARMELITE)
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St Mary of Carmel, 2015
WHAT WILL WE DO?
• Overall structural consolidation
• Conservation works on the external and internal walls of the church
• Conservation works on the roof (exterior and interior) including
waterproofing
• Addition of new stone masonry for structural reinforcement
• Structural consolidation of the belfry
• Addition of new wooden frame at the window area of the south façade
for structural reinforcement
• Installation of metal door at the west entrance of the church
• Installation of new drainage system
• External works including water management
• Cleaning of the site and the monument
Proposed Interventions on the roof
St Mary of Carmel, 2015

43. ST ANNE OF THE MARONITES CHURCH
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WHAT WILL WE DO?
• Overall structural consolidation
• Conservation works on the external and internal walls of the church
• Conservation works on the roof (exterior and interior) including waterproofing
• Repair of existing and/or installation of new windows and doors
• Installation of new drainage system
• External works including water management
• Cleaning of the site and the monument
St Anne of the Maronites, 2015 Proposed interventions

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WHY ARE WE HERE ?

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