The document discusses different network topologies including bus, ring, star, and mesh. A bus topology connects all devices to a central cable or bus. A ring topology uses a closed cable ring with devices arranged along it and data traveling in one direction. A star topology connects all devices to a central hub with data passing through the hub. A mesh topology connects each device to every other device via separate cables, providing redundant paths. Advantages and disadvantages of each are described.

1. CLASS- S.E.(G)
Data Communication
Friday11.25 to 12.25

2. DEFINITION
What is a Topology ?
The physical topology of a network
refers to the configuration of cables,
computers and other peripherals.

3. TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Three commonly used network topologies
are:-
Bus network.
Ring network.
Star network.

4. BUS TOPOLOGY
All computers and devices
connected to central cable or bus.
Consists of a main run of cable
with a terminator at each end.
Popular on LANs because they
are inexpensive and easy to
install.

5. BUS TOPOLOGY

6. BUS TOPOLOGY

7. RING TOPOLOGY
Cable forms closed ring or loop,
with all computers and devices
arranged along ring.
Data travels from device to
device around entire ring, in
one direction.
Primarily is used for LANs,
but also is used in WANs.

8. RING TOPOLOGY

9. STAR TOPOLOGY
All devices connect to a
central device, called
hub.
All data transferred
from one computer to
another passes through
hub.

10. STAR TOPOLOGY

11. STAR TOPOLOGY

12. MESH TOPOLOGY
• In the mesh topology each computer are connected with each other by
separate cable. Create point to point connection to every device on network.
If one cable fail data always has alternative path to get to its destination.
• On a large scale, you can connect multiple LANs using mesh topology with
leased line.
• This type topology generally use in military area.

13. DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF THE THREE
OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY?

14. SUMMARY
BUS TOPOLOGY
DEFINITION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
•All computers •Easy to connect a •Entire network shuts
and devices computer or down if
connected to peripheral to a linear there is a break in the
central cable bus. main cable.
•Requires less cable •Terminators are
length than required at both
a star topology. ends of the backbone
cable.
•Difficult to identify
the problem
if the entire network
shuts down.

15. SUMMARY
RING TOPOLOGY
DEFINITION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
•Cable forms •Data is quickly •Data packets must pass
closed ring or transferred without a through every computer
loop, with all ‘bottle neck’. between the sender and
computers and recipient therefore, this
devices arranged •The transmission of
data is relatively makes it slower.
along ring.
simple as packets
•If any of the nodes fail
travel in one direction
then the ring is broken
only.
and data cannot be
transmitted successfully.
•It is difficult to
troubleshoot
the ring.

16. SUMMARY
STAR TOPOLOGY
DEFINITION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
•Requires more cable
•All devices •Easy to install and length
connect to a wire. than a linear topology.
central device,
called hub. •Security can be If the hub or
implemented concentrator fails,
in the hub/switch. nodes attached are
disabled.
•Easy to detect faults
and to More expensive than
remove parts linear bus topologies
because of the cost of
the concentrators.

17. SUMMARY
MESH TOPOLOGY
DEFINITION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
Require more cable
•In the mesh •1.Provide redundant then other topology .
topology each path between device..
computer are
connected with The network can be Complicated
each other by
1.Provide redundant path between device.
expanded without implementations.
separate cable.. disruption to current
user..

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