11. is a phenomenon that poses threat to people,
structure or economic assets
12. WHAT IS A NATURAL HAZARD?
• A natural hazard is a natural event or process
which affects people causing loss of life or
injury, economic damage, disruption to
peoples’ lives or environmental degradation
18. Natural hazards are part and parcel of
the Philippine environment, but
disasters happen because human
settlements, infrastructures, people
and economic activities are placed
where hazards happen
19. WHAT IS DISASTER RISK?
Disaster risk refers to the
expectation value of deaths,
injuries, and property losses
that would be caused by a
hazard.
20. DISASTER RISK = HAZARD x EXPOSURE x VULNERABILITY
ELEMENTS OF DISASTER RISK
• Disaster risk is expressed as a function of
hazard, exposure, and vulnerability
• It seeks to
express chance of the disaster happening
quantify the impact
21. Disaster Risk Model
Magnitude of the disaster depends on:
• the severity of the natural event (hazard)
• the quantity of exposure of the elements at risk (lives and properties)
• vulnerability level or quality of exposure
23. Minimizing Disaster Risk
Risk Reduction Through Reduction of
Exposure and Vulnerability
Level of vulnerability and
exposure can be reduced by:
• Keeping people and property away
from hazards
• Relocation must come hand in hand
with mitigation and prevention
measures
24. Minimizing Disaster Risk
Why people are resistive to relocation?
• This would mean giving up their homes,
land, and even jobs;
• People tend to turn a blind eye;
• People remain in places previously hit by a
disaster thinking that after a large
magnitude event occurs comes a period
that is safe from another event
• The most vulnerable are the poor who are
forced to live in unsafe places
25. …A serious disruption in the functioning of a
society, causing widespread human, material
or environmental losses which exceeds the
ability of the affected society to cope within its’
own resources…
RA 10121 Definition of Disaster
26. A condition involving mass casualty
and/or major damages to property,
disruption of means of livelihoods, roads
and normal way of life of people in the
affected areas as a result of the
occurrence of natural or human-induced
hazard
State of Calamity
27. Characteristics of Disasters
• Disasters are inherently unexpected
• Disasters cannot be managed through
normal means
• Disasters create demands beyond the
capacity of a government
• Knows no political boundary
• Requires structured and new responding
organizations
28. Characteristics of Disasters
• Creates new tasks and more people as
disaster responders
• Renders inutile routine emergency response
equipment and facilities
• Worsens confusion in understanding roles
of peoples and organizations
• Exposes lack of disaster planning, response
and coordination.
29. Impacts of Disasters
• Medical effects
• Damage to critical facilities
• Disruption of transportation
• Economic impact
• Global environmental change
• Social and political impact
30. The Philippine National Red Cross
Among the effects:
Loss of life
Loss of livelihoods
Damage to property
Destruction of infrastructure
Damage to the environment
Financial loss
Diversion of resources
Epidemics
Migration
Displaced people or refugees
Food shortages
Insecurity
