The document discusses the components and functions of an oscilloscope. It describes the cathode ray tube, electron gun, and deflection plates that are used to display signal waveforms on screen. It explains how the front panel controls like timebase, volts/div, and focus are used to measure and analyze signals. Applications of oscilloscopes mentioned include measuring voltage, displaying waveforms, and determining frequency and time intervals of signals.
Method Of Measuring Projections Multi Function Using The Quick And Accurate O...inventionjournals
t ray oscilloscope cathode (cathode ray oscilloscope), hereinafter referred CRO is a measuring instrument electronics are functioning projecting the form of electrical signals that can be seen and studied, oscilloscope equipped with a cathode ray tube while the appliance is emitting electrons projecting a beam of electrons to screen cathode-ray tube, the electron beam imprint on the screen, a special circuit in the oscilloscope causes repetitive spotlight moves from left to right, this repetition produces the form of a continuous signal oscilloscopes to measure the phase difference of the wave is typically used to observe the exact wave shape of an electrical signal. In addition to the amplitude of the signal, the oscilloscope can show distortion, the time between the two events and relative timing of two related signals. Osiloscope work based on a sample of data, therefore, the oscilloscope is an electronic measuring instrument that is powerful to have a sample rate of 10 Ks / s (10 kilo sample / second = 10,000 data per second), is able to read as many as 10,000 / sec, in measuring a wave with a frequency of 2500Hz each sample contains data that is displayed in the fourth wave screen xy graph scale.
Method Of Measuring Projections Multi Function Using The Quick And Accurate O...inventionjournals
ray oscilloscope cathode (cathode ray oscilloscope), hereinafter referred CRO is a measuring instrument electronics are functioning projecting the form of electrical signals that can be seen and studied, oscilloscope equipped with a cathode ray tube while the appliance is emitting electrons projecting a beam of electrons to screen cathode-ray tube, the electron beam imprint on the screen, a special circuit in the oscilloscope causes repetitive spotlight moves from left to right, this repetition produces the form of a continuous signal oscilloscopes to measure the phase difference of the wave is typically used to observe the exact wave shape of an electrical signal. In addition to the amplitude of the signal, the oscilloscope can show distortion, the time between the two events and relative timing of two related signals. Osiloscope work based on a sample of data, therefore, the oscilloscope is an electronic measuring instrument that is powerful to have a sample rate of 10 Ks / s (10 kilo sample / second = 10,000 data per second), is able to read as many as 10,000 / sec, in measuring a wave with a frequency of 2500Hz each sample contains data that is displayed in the fourth wave screen xy graph scale.
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope CRO & Digital Oscilloscope 'S WORKINGAbdul Qayoom Mangrio
it contain the working of CRO & DO
IT CONTAINs all the subtopics related to it. it has Block diagram, internal working and much more.
Subject; Measurement & Instrumentation
Teacher; ma'am Falak Naz Pathan
MEHRAN UET SZAB CAMPUS KHAIRPUR MIR'S
1.Oscilloscope. 2.Block diagram of Oscilloscope. 3.Types of Oscilloscope. 4.A...AL- AMIN
1.Oscilloscope.
2.Block diagram of Oscilloscope.
3.Types of Oscilloscope.
4.Applications of Oscilloscope.
5.Signal generator.
6. Types of signal generator.
7. Frequency synthesizer.
8.Analyzer.
9.Types of analyzer
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Method Of Measuring Projections Multi Function Using The Quick And Accurate O...inventionjournals
t ray oscilloscope cathode (cathode ray oscilloscope), hereinafter referred CRO is a measuring instrument electronics are functioning projecting the form of electrical signals that can be seen and studied, oscilloscope equipped with a cathode ray tube while the appliance is emitting electrons projecting a beam of electrons to screen cathode-ray tube, the electron beam imprint on the screen, a special circuit in the oscilloscope causes repetitive spotlight moves from left to right, this repetition produces the form of a continuous signal oscilloscopes to measure the phase difference of the wave is typically used to observe the exact wave shape of an electrical signal. In addition to the amplitude of the signal, the oscilloscope can show distortion, the time between the two events and relative timing of two related signals. Osiloscope work based on a sample of data, therefore, the oscilloscope is an electronic measuring instrument that is powerful to have a sample rate of 10 Ks / s (10 kilo sample / second = 10,000 data per second), is able to read as many as 10,000 / sec, in measuring a wave with a frequency of 2500Hz each sample contains data that is displayed in the fourth wave screen xy graph scale.
Method Of Measuring Projections Multi Function Using The Quick And Accurate O...inventionjournals
ray oscilloscope cathode (cathode ray oscilloscope), hereinafter referred CRO is a measuring instrument electronics are functioning projecting the form of electrical signals that can be seen and studied, oscilloscope equipped with a cathode ray tube while the appliance is emitting electrons projecting a beam of electrons to screen cathode-ray tube, the electron beam imprint on the screen, a special circuit in the oscilloscope causes repetitive spotlight moves from left to right, this repetition produces the form of a continuous signal oscilloscopes to measure the phase difference of the wave is typically used to observe the exact wave shape of an electrical signal. In addition to the amplitude of the signal, the oscilloscope can show distortion, the time between the two events and relative timing of two related signals. Osiloscope work based on a sample of data, therefore, the oscilloscope is an electronic measuring instrument that is powerful to have a sample rate of 10 Ks / s (10 kilo sample / second = 10,000 data per second), is able to read as many as 10,000 / sec, in measuring a wave with a frequency of 2500Hz each sample contains data that is displayed in the fourth wave screen xy graph scale.
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope CRO & Digital Oscilloscope 'S WORKINGAbdul Qayoom Mangrio
it contain the working of CRO & DO
IT CONTAINs all the subtopics related to it. it has Block diagram, internal working and much more.
Subject; Measurement & Instrumentation
Teacher; ma'am Falak Naz Pathan
MEHRAN UET SZAB CAMPUS KHAIRPUR MIR'S
1.Oscilloscope. 2.Block diagram of Oscilloscope. 3.Types of Oscilloscope. 4.A...AL- AMIN
1.Oscilloscope.
2.Block diagram of Oscilloscope.
3.Types of Oscilloscope.
4.Applications of Oscilloscope.
5.Signal generator.
6. Types of signal generator.
7. Frequency synthesizer.
8.Analyzer.
9.Types of analyzer
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
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Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
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Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
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The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
4. Oscilloscopes contain a vacuum tube(-
a vacuum tube in which a hot
cathode emits a beam of electrons that
pass through a high voltage anode and
are focused or deflected before hitting a
phosphorescent screen)
with a cathode (negative electrode) at
one end
to emit electrons and
an anode (positive electrode)
to accelerate them so they move
rapidly down
the tube to the screen.
WHAT IS ELECTRON GUN?
5. The electrons are called cathode rays
because they are emitted by the
cathode and this gives the
oscilloscope its full name of cathode
ray oscilloscope or CRO
The tube also contains
electrodes to deflect the electron
beam up/down and left/right.
6. 1. measurement of A.C. signals. So
essentially the oscilloscope can be
used to make quantitative and
qualitative measurements.
2. For example if we are looking at an
incoming sine wave, from the CRO one
can assess the signal amplitude,
frequency and quality.
Use Of An Oscilloscope
7. 3. Some may argue that the best solution to
the problem of measuring a D.C. signal
would
be to use a DMM, this is true in most cases,
but if the purity of the D.C signal is an
important factor
a CRO would also be useful to check for any
A.C ripple in the signal.
4. In general the biggest use for the Oscilloscope
is for the accurate
10. Front panel controls
Focus control
This control adjusts CRT focus to obtain
the sharpest, most-detailed trace. In
practice, focus needs to be adjusted
slightly when observing quite-different
signals, which means that it needs to be
an external control.
11. Intensity control
This adjusts trace brightness. Slow
traces on CRT oscilloscopes need
less, and fast ones, especially if not
often repeated, require more.
12. Dual-trace controls
Dual-trace oscilloscopes have a mode
switch to select
either channel alone, both channels, or (in
some) an X-Y display, which uses the
second channel for
X deflection.
13. Time base generator
The TIME/DIV control determines the
horizontal scale of the graph which
appears on the oscilloscope screen.
14. The VOLTS/DIV controls determine the
vertical scale of the graph drawn on
the oscilloscope screen.
Check that VOLTS/DIV 1 is set at
1 V/DIV and that the adjacent controls
are set correctly.
Volts/Div Control
16. Vertical Position
This knob controls the vertical
position of the trace. You will find it
very convenient when you are setting
or reading voltages.
17. Beam finder
If you do not find a trace, push this
button. The screen will display what
quadrant the trace is in.
AC - DC - Gnd
Selects desired coupling for incoming
signal, or grounds amp input.
DC couples signal directly to amp.
AC connects via a capacitor. (Blocks DC)
Gnd = no signal. Gnd connects Y input
to 0 volts.
Checks position of 0v on screen.
18. Bandwidth
A 10MHz CRO does not mean it
will correctly measure signals at
10MHz.
Vertical Amps are not so wide-
band as to amplify all signals.
10MHz is the 3dB point.
A 10MHz signal of 1v will measure
0.707v on the screen.
20. Voltmeter
CRO can be used to measure
potential differences and to see how
they vary.
We can determine the maximum
value (max voltage) of the signal
and peak to peak voltage when you
observe the signal on an
oscilloscope.
The oscilloscope can show the shape
21. Display of Waveforms
We can display waveforms by
using CRO.
As we apply ac voltage to y- input
of CRO , then waveform is
displayed on screen, depending on
the shape of applied wave.
This waveform is displayed with
respect to time.
24. Measurement of Short Time Inter
WE can measure a very small time
interval, e.g. measurement of sound
speed in a metal rod by using CRO.
25. Measurement of Frequency
We can measure the frequency of an
unknown signal using CRO.
Initially, the unknown frequency
signal is applied to the vertical
inputs of CRO.
Horizontal sweep is turned on and
the display appearing is on the
screen is adjusted by the varying
different control knobs provided on
the front panel of CRO.
26. After obtaining the display of good
deflection, count the number of
horizontal division for a complete
cycle.
From the counted horizontal divisions,
the time period is computed as,
T=m*n
where, m=no. of division in one cycle
n=setting of time base =
Time/division
From the measured time period of the
signal , the unknown frequency is