The Tupolev Tu-154 is a medium-range narrow-body airliner developed in the 1960s by Tupolev for Aeroflot, the national airline of the Soviet Union. It served as the main domestic airliner in Russia and former Soviet states through the 2000s, carrying over half of Aeroflot's passengers. Powered by three rear-mounted turbofan engines, the Tu-154 has a payload capacity of 16-18 tonnes and a range of 2,850-4,000 km. It seats 128 passengers in a two-class configuration and up to 180 in high-density layout. The Tu-154 was a workhorse for Soviet and Russian airlines but is

1. TUPOLEV TU – 154

2. INTRODUCTION
• The Tupolev Tu-154 is a three-engine medium-range narrow-body airliner
designed in the mid-1960s and manufactured by Tupolev.
• A workhorse of Soviet and (subsequently) Russian airlines for several decades, it
carried half of all passengers flown by Aeroflot and its subsidiaries remaining the
standard domestic-route airliner of Russia and former Soviet states until the
mid-2000s.
• It was exported to 17 non-Russian airlines and used as head-of-state transport by
the air forces of several countries.

4. DEVELOPMENT
• The Tu-154 was developed to meet Aeroflot's requirement to replace the jet-
powered Tu-104, the Antonov An-10 'Ukraine' and the Ilyushin Il-18 turboprops.
• The requirements called for either a payload capacity of 16–18 tonnes with a
range of 2,850–4,000 kilometres (1,770–2,490 mi) while cruising at 900 km/h (560
mph), or a payload of 5.8 tonnes with a range of 5,800–7,000 kilometres (3,600–
4,300 mi) while cruising at 850 km/h (530 mph).
• A take-off distance of 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) at maximum take-off weight was
also stipulated as a requirement.
• The Soviet Ministry of Aircraft Industry chose the Tu-154 as it incorporated the
latest in Soviet aircraft design and best met Aeroflot's anticipated requirements
for the 1970s and 1980s.

6. DESIGN
• The Tu-154 is powered by three rear-mounted low-bypass turbofan engines arranged similarly to
those of the Boeing 727, but it is slightly larger than its American counterpart.
• All Tu-154 aircraft models have a relatively high thrust-to-weight-ratio which gave excellent
performance, at the expense of poorer fuel efficiency.
• The cabin of the Tu-154, although of the same six-abreast seating layout, gives the impression of
an oval interior, with a lower ceiling than is common on Boeing and Airbus airliners.
• The passenger cabin accommodates 128 passengers in a two-class layout and 164 passengers in
single-class layout, and up to 180 passengers in high-density layout.
• The layout can be modified to what is called a winter version where some seats are taken out
and a wardrobe is installed for passenger coats.
• The passenger doors are smaller than on its Boeing and Airbus counterparts. Luggage space in
the overhead compartments is very limited.

8. CONTD…
• The latest variant includes an NVU-B3 Doppler navigation system, a triple
autopilot, which provides an automatic ILS approach according to ICAO
category II weather minima, an autothrottle, a Doppler drift and speed measure
system (DISS), "Kurs-MP" radio navigation suite and others.
• A stability and control augmentation system improves handling characteristics
during manual flight.
• Modern upgrades normally include a TCAS, GPS and other modern systems,
mostly American or EU-made.
• Early versions of the Tu-154 cannot be modified to meet the current Stage III
noise regulations and are banned from flying where those regulations are in
force, such as Europe.

10. SPECIFICATIONS
• Top speed: 950 km/h
• Wingspan: 38 m
• Length: 48 m
• Unit cost: 45,000,000–45,000,000 USD
• Engine type: Turbofan
• Cockpit crew: Three/Four
• Seating capacity: 114–180
• Wingspan: 37.55 metres (123 ft 2 in)
• Wing area: 201.5 square metres (2,169 sq ft)
• Height: 11.4 metres (37 ft 5 in)

12. REFERENCES
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-154
• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Aeroflot_Tupolev_Tu-154_-
_CCCP-85219.jpg
• http://www.avsim.com/pages/1004/tu154/Tu-154_000_013.jpg
• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Turan_Air_Tu-154.jpg
• http://cdn-www.airliners.net/aviation-photos/photos/4/3/9/1203934.jpg

13. THANK YOU