Gas security of supply gas forum nov 2014Gas Forum
David Cox, managing director of the Gas Forum, presented and chaired session on security of gas supply at the Gas to Power conference in London, on Thursday 20th November.
Offshore wind industry is being used by a number of countries to harness the energy of strong, consistent winds that are found over the oceans. In the United States, abundant offshore wind resources have the potential to supply immense quantities of renewable energy to major U.S. coastal cities. The US has an attractive potential of ~10 GW by 2020, driven from sites in the Atlantic Ocean, and ~54 GW by 2030, at which time the Pacific Coast and the Great Lakes are expected to be developed.
At present, no new project is commissioned in the US and of the current ~6.9 GW in the US pipeline, only ~1.4 GW is expected to be commissioned by 2020 due to long consent periods and an undeveloped supply chain, indicating a gap of 8.6 GW to DoE ambition in 2020. Immature supply chain, approval delays and low cost competitiveness are key factors for slow development, however, expected return of PTC is an upside.
This report offers insights on US offshore wind industry analysing its current position, upfront challenges and future expectations. Considering the great potential, global contractors and financial investors are expected to enter the US offshore wind industry as they can utilize experiences gained in Europe. Incumbents as well as new entrants are developing projects in partnership with other members of the supply chain in order to gain experience and reduce risks. This report also presents a thorough evaluation of the key players in the industry and developments for wind energy project realisation in the US.
This presentation will look at both industry as well as macro/micro indicators when it comes to the Canadian economy.
The presentation will also look fiscal management include deficit/debt as part understanding the impact of government fiscal policy on the Canadian economy.
Steel Castings Case Study - How to leverage China Sourcing to manage global s...John William
China is becoming one of the major destinations to source steel castings product. Here you will learn how to leverage China sourcing to manage global sourcing risks. To know more visit: http://www.dragonsourcing.com/china-sourcing-company/
Gas security of supply gas forum nov 2014Gas Forum
David Cox, managing director of the Gas Forum, presented and chaired session on security of gas supply at the Gas to Power conference in London, on Thursday 20th November.
Offshore wind industry is being used by a number of countries to harness the energy of strong, consistent winds that are found over the oceans. In the United States, abundant offshore wind resources have the potential to supply immense quantities of renewable energy to major U.S. coastal cities. The US has an attractive potential of ~10 GW by 2020, driven from sites in the Atlantic Ocean, and ~54 GW by 2030, at which time the Pacific Coast and the Great Lakes are expected to be developed.
At present, no new project is commissioned in the US and of the current ~6.9 GW in the US pipeline, only ~1.4 GW is expected to be commissioned by 2020 due to long consent periods and an undeveloped supply chain, indicating a gap of 8.6 GW to DoE ambition in 2020. Immature supply chain, approval delays and low cost competitiveness are key factors for slow development, however, expected return of PTC is an upside.
This report offers insights on US offshore wind industry analysing its current position, upfront challenges and future expectations. Considering the great potential, global contractors and financial investors are expected to enter the US offshore wind industry as they can utilize experiences gained in Europe. Incumbents as well as new entrants are developing projects in partnership with other members of the supply chain in order to gain experience and reduce risks. This report also presents a thorough evaluation of the key players in the industry and developments for wind energy project realisation in the US.
This presentation will look at both industry as well as macro/micro indicators when it comes to the Canadian economy.
The presentation will also look fiscal management include deficit/debt as part understanding the impact of government fiscal policy on the Canadian economy.
Steel Castings Case Study - How to leverage China Sourcing to manage global s...John William
China is becoming one of the major destinations to source steel castings product. Here you will learn how to leverage China sourcing to manage global sourcing risks. To know more visit: http://www.dragonsourcing.com/china-sourcing-company/
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation we discusses thermal treatment of waste.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation, Prof Adam Read, Practice Director, discusses Waste to Energy: transforming strategy into reality
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Dr Mark Broomfield discusses the health and social impacts of waste to energy processes.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Dr Mark Broomfield discusses the drivers and barriers for development of waste to energy regulation.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Prof Adam Read, Practice Director, describes the global issue of waste.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Prof Adam Read, Practice Director, discusses the institutional structures and economics of waste management.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Prof Adam Read, Practice Director, discusses waste, energy and climate change policy.
Presentation by Gena Gibson, senior consultant at Ricardo-AEA, to a Chinese transport ministry delegation. There is no silver bullet to achieve sustainable low-carbon transport - a range of policies and measures must be used. This presentation gives an overview of Ricardo-AEA's sustainable transport model (SULTAN) and the possible policy frameworks that could be used to reduce transport GHG emissions.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Phil White discusses the revenues and costs of waste to energy.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Phil White discusses fuel preparation.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Phil White discusses the environmental impacts of waste treatment.
Presentation by Ricardo-AEA's Transport Practice Director, Sujith Kollamthodi.
Presented at the Transport Research Board 92nd Annual Meeting, Sunday 13 January, Washington DC
Presentation by Ricardo-AEA's Transport Practice Director, Sujith Kollamthodi.
Presented at the Transport Research Board 92nd Annual Meeting, Wednesday 16 January, Washington DC
Judith Bates (Ricardo-AEA) joined the New Energy Forum Event to provide an expert overview of advanced feedstocks and production technologies for both road transport and aviation biofuels.
Overview of technologies
–Production of biofuels from oils
–Biochemical routes
–Thermochemical routes
•Lignocellulosic feedstocks
•Microalgae
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation we discusses thermal treatment of waste.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation, Prof Adam Read, Practice Director, discusses Waste to Energy: transforming strategy into reality
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Dr Mark Broomfield discusses the health and social impacts of waste to energy processes.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Dr Mark Broomfield discusses the drivers and barriers for development of waste to energy regulation.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Prof Adam Read, Practice Director, describes the global issue of waste.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Prof Adam Read, Practice Director, discusses the institutional structures and economics of waste management.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Prof Adam Read, Practice Director, discusses waste, energy and climate change policy.
Presentation by Gena Gibson, senior consultant at Ricardo-AEA, to a Chinese transport ministry delegation. There is no silver bullet to achieve sustainable low-carbon transport - a range of policies and measures must be used. This presentation gives an overview of Ricardo-AEA's sustainable transport model (SULTAN) and the possible policy frameworks that could be used to reduce transport GHG emissions.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Phil White discusses the revenues and costs of waste to energy.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Phil White discusses fuel preparation.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Phil White discusses the environmental impacts of waste treatment.
Presentation by Ricardo-AEA's Transport Practice Director, Sujith Kollamthodi.
Presented at the Transport Research Board 92nd Annual Meeting, Sunday 13 January, Washington DC
Presentation by Ricardo-AEA's Transport Practice Director, Sujith Kollamthodi.
Presented at the Transport Research Board 92nd Annual Meeting, Wednesday 16 January, Washington DC
Judith Bates (Ricardo-AEA) joined the New Energy Forum Event to provide an expert overview of advanced feedstocks and production technologies for both road transport and aviation biofuels.
Overview of technologies
–Production of biofuels from oils
–Biochemical routes
–Thermochemical routes
•Lignocellulosic feedstocks
•Microalgae
This presentation covers factors that caused the petroleum industry to decline during the 1980s, and then leading to the recovery beginning in 2008 through some possible future development trajectories.
Countdown to Natural Gas: In 2015 the Dynamics of the U.S. Natural Gas Market...PointLogicEnergy
Alan Lammey, PointLogic Energy's senior energy markets analysts, delivered this presentation, "Countdown to Natural Gas: In 2015 the Dynamics of the U.S. Natural Gas Market Will Change Forever" to the attendees of the Texas Society of CPAs Energy Conference on April 30, 2015.
Centrica plc Strategy Update - 27 February 2013Centrica plc
Learn how our refreshed strategic priorities position Centrica to best advantage in a rapidly evolving energy world:
Innovate to drive service excellence and growth;
Integrate our natural gas business, linked to our core markets; and
Increase our returns through efficiency and continued capital discipline
Poyry - UK Shale Gas - where are we now? - Point of ViewPöyry
Exploratory drilling activity on the part of shale gas developers remains low despite widespread coverage in the media and announcements that the UK is to “go all
out for shale”. Although regulation must remain thorough and robust, there is a risk that the complex approvals process will hinder production. Industry, government
and regulatory authorities should ensure that the institutional capacity is in place to make the approvals process efficient so that the potential benefits of shale gas can be realised.
The role of gas in power generation – presentation by David Cox, managing director of the Gas Forum, on 29 April 2013 at the UK Power Generation Conference, which examined the impact of current policy and regulatory changes on the energy investment landscape. www.gasforum.co.uk
Harsh Pershad (Innovate UK) presenting 'Funding Opportunities from Innovate UK' at the UKCCSRC/IMechE/CO2Chem Air Capture Workshop on 20th February 2015 in London
This is the first edition of the Deloitte Outlook for oilfield services. The forward-looking report is based on in-depth interviews with 12 executives of oilfield services companies. Its purpose is to obtain companies’ views of their current business environment and where they think the market is heading, both in the short and long term.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Tim Fill discusses INDC implementation.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Tim Fill discusses infrastructure and service delivery and power purchase agreements.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Phil White discusses biological treatment of waste.
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Dr Mark Broomfield discuss the use of landfill gas, looking at the technology and its use.
The new English carrier bag charge – what you need to know. For more information, view the accompanying blog: http://ee.ricardo.com/cms/the-new-english-carrier-bag-charge-what-you-need-to-know/
This presentation from Resource Efficiency and Waste Management 2013 highlights the key issues from i2i’s sector report ‘Resource Efficiency & Waste Management Market Opportunity’ as well as Professor Adam Read’s personal observations.
The report, researched and authored by Ricardo-AEA, combines data, expertise and research collated from leading experts in the field, providing;
• A detailed overview of the UK waste management sector
• Insights into future European waste policy
• Updates on UK waste policies
• Market opportunities in infrastructure, transport, re-use, the circular economy
• Viewpoints from the public & private sectors
This technology brief was produced by Ricardo-AEA for the IEA.
ETSAP E-TechDS is an Energy Technology Data Source that offers consistent sets of data on energy demand and supply technologies to help analysts to build their own MARKAL-TIMES model. To put data in the right context, E-TechDS is conceived as a series of Technology Briefs, which provide basic information on process, status, performance, costs, potential and barriers for key energy technology clusters. Each brief consists of typically 5 to 10 pages including Highlights, full text and charts, and a summary data table.
The ETSAP Briefs are intended to offer essential, reliable and quantitative information to energy analysts, experts, policymakers, investors and media from both developed and developing countries.
Passenger cars and vans together account for more than half of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transport sector in Europe. While GHG emissions from other sectors are generally falling, those from transport have increased by 23% since 1990. In response, the European Union has implemented regulations to reduce CO2 emissions from cars and vans.
This report from Ricardo-AEA, their fourth in a series commissioned by Greenpeace and Transport and Environment, explores the impacts of different systems that are supposed to incentivise more rapid uptake of ULEVs, according to their proponents, to better understand their potential impacts in a range of areas. In particular three main areas that have been explored as part of this study:
1) Analysis of the impacts (on actual CO2 emissions achieved and additional manufacturing costs) of the following supercredit design options, depending on take-up of ULEVs:
a. Qualifying thresholds used to define ULEVs (in gCO2/km).
b. Caps in the numbers of qualifying vehicles.
c. Annual or cumulative credits.
d. The multipliers applied for supercredits.
e. Different uptake scenarios for ULEVs in 2020.
2) Analysis of the impacts (on actual CO2 emissions achieved and additional manufacturing costs) of the following flexible mandate design options, depending on take-up of ULEVs:
a. Qualifying thresholds used to define an ULEV (in gCO2/km).
b. Central, lower and upper thresholds/targets for % sales of ULEV.
3) Analysis of the wider EU-wide impacts of the different supercredit or flexible mandate options in comparison with those for the Commission’s proposal (EC 2012, EC 2012a, EC 2012b) in terms of estimations of:
a. Average new car gCO2/km in 2020.
b. Total car fleet CO2 emissions in 2020 and 2030.
c. Typical fuel costs over the lifetime of the vehicle produced in 2020 and 2030, and average annual fuel costs for the whole EU car fleet in 2020 and 2030.
d. The level and cost of oil imports in 2020 and 2030.
A report commissioned by T&E and Greenpeace suggests the EU can more than halve its existing carbon dioxide emissions from new cars with existing technology. The report, by Ricardo-AEA, says the right mixture of electric, hybrid and conventionally-fuelled cars will enable Europe to reach a target of 60 grams per kilometre from the average new car in 2025.
In 2011, the average emissions from new cars sold in the EU was 136 g/km. A 95g target has been set for 2020, although MEPs and ministers are still working out how this will be achieved. The USA aims to halve emissions from new cars by 2025 and environmental campaigners are keen to ensure the EU matches America’s level of ambition.
The T&E/Greenpeace study shows that a target of 60g could be achieved if up to 24% of new vehicles were electric, another 24% hybrids and the remaining 52% conventional (petrol and diesel) cars. A target of 70g would require only a modest share of electric cars (7%), which is at the very low-end of conservative market projections for electric vehicles by 2025. The remainder would come from hybrids (22%) and conventional petrol/diesel cars (71%). A supporting briefing prepared by T&E shows that the costs of technology are likely to be paid back within a few years.
T&E cars officer Greg Archer said: ‘This report helps bring some clarity about what can be achieved with existing technology and with a modest boost from sales of electric cars. Setting a 2025 target now will give the industry the regulatory certainty it needs to invest in electric alternatives now.”
The European Commission, Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology(DG CONNECT) commissioned AEA to undertake a service contract entitled "Impact of ICT R&D in the Large Scale Deployment of the Electric Vehicle”. This project'saim was to collate and analyse the growing body of knowledge in European efforts for the application of ICT and smart systems in fully electric vehicles (FEVs) to support policymaking in this area. The project started in November 2011 and is approximately one year in duration.
The objectives of this project were to:
A. Analyse the existing landscape of European R&D, manufacturing and deployment in the domains of ICT and smart systems and architectures for the fully electric vehicle, and draw comparisons with other world regions;
B. Assess the future potential for these domains within Europe, and the enabling role of ICT and smart systems in the deployment of the fully electric vehicle;
C. Identify barriers and hurdles to development and deployment of the fully electric vehicle in Europe, drawing on experience from trial deployments to date, and evaluate roadmaps towards overcoming these hurdles;
D. Assess the environmental and health impacts of the deployment of electric vehicles compared with other types of vehicle, assess weaknesses and threats, and evaluate the role of ICT and smart systems in bringing about potential environmental and health benefits;
E. Analyse the potential contribution of the fully electric vehicle towards achieving European socio-economic goals;
F. Collate the above work in order to provide policy advice on European strategies for R&D in the area of ICT and smart systems for the fully electric vehicle, in particular for R&D “lighthouse” projects to accelerate the development and deployment of electric vehicles in Europe.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
1. Economic Opportunities in Unconventional Gas
Colin McNaught
Industrial and Power Association
Network Meeting
12 June 2013
2. Introduction
• Covers some results from report to Scottish Enterprise on the
economic opportunities global unconventional gas
• Recognises that global opportunities exist and some Scottish
companies have already moved to exploit these
• Unconventional gas is an opportunity and a threat to the oil and gas
industry in Scotland.
• So important that potential suppliers of goods and services make
informed responses about their involvement
3. Agenda
• Where are the opportunities?
− Review of selected markets
• How big is the opportunity?
− Review of economic impacts
• What are the specific opportunities?
− Supply chain analysis
• Conclusions
4. Global Resource
• Shale gas reserves are much more common than conventional gas
reserves.
• Offers countries with no past in hydrocarbons to develop indigenous
resources, with security of supply and energy cost benefits.
.
5. Impacts on gas prices in the US
Comparison of traded prices for natural gas in $/Mmbtu: 1994 to 2011
6. Factors that drive markets
Factors
Scale of resource The amount of recoverable gas
Accessibility of resource The cost of physically accessing the gas
Security of supply benefits A key driver for Government and regulators
Long distance gas pipelines Access to markets for gas production
Skilled oil and gas workforce Needed across all stages of project development
Supporting infrastructure Road, Water etc.
Stable regulatory system For permits to develop and operate as well as fiscal incentives
Privately owned mineral rights
Was a key factor in the US, but other markets have
government owned rights
Socio-Political acceptance An important influence on planning and regulation
7. Markets Studied: USA
• Largest and most established unconventional gas market.
• Short term lower gas prices are reducing development.
• But an equilibrium is likely to be reached, where the pace of new
development is appropriate for the price of gas.
• If this equilibrium is reached at lower levels of market development,
the scope for Scottish suppliers will be much reduced, as the local
experienced supply chain will be less stretched.
• However if the pace of development remains high, or the supply
chain is stretched by addressing the shale oil or tight gas markets,
there will be greater opportunities for Scottish suppliers.
8. Markets Studied: UK
• While the UK does not have the highest reserves, the existing
regulatory framework for oil and gas development is in place and
supports extensive conventional oil and gas investment.
• Recent developments announced to encourage shale gas
development:
− Tax incentives as a shale gas field allowance which would extend the ring-
fence expenditure supplement from six to ten years for shale gas projects.
− Technical planning guidance on shale gas by July 2013 to provide clarity
around planning for shale gas.
− Proposals to ensure that local communities will benefit from shale gas
projects in their area.
• The developments make the UK a most promising opportunity for
growth.
9. Markets Studied: Poland
• After initial investment, shale gas developments appear to be
stalling.
• Government approach to regulation and role of state owned
companies reduces opportunity in Poland.
• Market for gas services in Poland is dominated by a very large
subsidiary of the state-controlled monopoly with over 50 land rigs,
this leaves very little space for other players, apart from:
− Specialist services, which are not available on the local market;
− Equipment and products
• Market opportunity in Poland is small and specialist, and is likely to
remain small for some time to come.
10. Economic Impact Assessment
• Understanding the economic impacts signposts to the areas of
greatest job and value creation and hence the company level
opportunities.
• Economic data is necessarily US based, as this the main market
thus far.
• Several US studies conducted:
− US level
− State level
− Shale play level
11. US Wide Impact
• A study by IHS in October 2012 assessed the economic impacts of
unconventional oil and gas on the US economy.
• Covered unconventional oil, tight gas and shale gas.
• The headline findings for shale gas only were:
− Upstream capital investment in 2012 of $87 billion
− Lower 48 employment of over 900 thousand in 2012
− Valued added of $121 billion in 2012
− A projection that capital expenditure of almost $3.0 trillion would be made
in unconventional natural gas activity between 2012 and 2035.
12. US Economic Impact
• For the US market this strongly suggests that the direct
opportunities are in the mining and manufacturing elements, e.g.:
− Drilling rigs, fracking and associated equipment. Scottish companies
need inventory of equipment in the US to provide the drilling services,
consumables and equipment.
− Manufacture of equipment. This includes the capital equipment (drilling
rigs, frack trucks, frack pumps, mud pumps, well heads etc.) and the
consumables (drill mud, tubulars, etc. ).
• The indirect impacts are greatest in the service sector. Moving
experienced professional staff around the world is already a
common element of the oil and gas service industry.
• The labour opportunities are also greatest in the service sector. As
many Scottish oil and gas workers operate as one person
businesses, this is a potential opportunity for these individuals.
13. UK Economic Impact
• Using US analysis and transposing this to UK
• Using capex and well numbers for the UK’s Bowland Shale
− A mid scenario of well development of 400 wells drilled over a period of
9 years.
− A capex of £10.5 million per well
• Estimated value added of £7.7 billion
• Expectation that estimates of UK shale resources will increase with
new BGS data, may increase economic impact
14. Supply Chain
• Many elements of the unconventional gas supply chain are also part
of the conventional supply chain.
• Unconventional sector has important differences:
− Cost base, margins lower, with high capex for the total recoverable
resource
− and service levels that are required for economic success in the
unconventional gas market.
• The global market for specialist equipment and services is the main
prize for Scottish suppliers
• Development of unconventional gas in UK may also provide
additional opportunities for local providers of non-specialist goods
and services.
15. Supply Chain
The early stage development markets have the greatest need for
innovation or adaptation of existing supply chain offers. Hence:
− Scottish companies wishing early market share will need to invest now to
match the short and medium term exploration and development
opportunities.
− These earlier stage opportunities may have higher barriers to entry as they
may need prior experience in the unconventional gas sector. There will be
established competition in the exploration and development phases, albeit
predominantly US based.
16. Conclusions
• Short term market will be dominated by the US
• US market factors are unique, but there is potential growth in UK,
Australia and other markets
• Scottish companies have acquired businesses in the US to break
into the dominant market
• Specialist Scottish suppliers have orders for Australia and other
markets
• Scottish Enterprise now considering options to support export
potential.