This project aims to commercialize CVD-produced diamond films for use in electronics, optics, and wear-resistant coatings. It will initially produce polycrystalline diamond heat sinks and optical windows, as well as diamond-composite cutting inserts and laser processing services. Later goals include producing monocrystalline detectors, transistors, and microelectromechanical systems using thin diamond films. The project is a collaboration between the Russian Academy of Sciences and a private company. Products will be sold to electronics, optics, and tool manufacturing industries. The first stage will produce individual elements, while the second will make more complex products using CVD-diamond elements. Production methods and quality will be improved over the life of the project.

1. Commercialisation of the CVD-production technology of diamond films
The project resume
The project The organisation of manufacture of plates and products from polycrystalline and monocrystal CVD-
purpose diamondfor electronic componental base, optics and wearproof coverings.
Production At the initial stage:
The project •Heat-removing plates from polycrystalline diamond;
•Diamond optical windows, including on a range of the microwave oven and ВЧ frequencies;
•Cutting inserts from a diamond composite;
•Services in laser processing of diamond products;
Further:
•Monocrystal momchromators and detectors of x-ray radiation (including dosimeters of medical appointment),
monocrystal plates for the microwave oven of transistors, solar-blind UV-detectors, hard-alloy cutters with a
diamond covering, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) on the basis of thin diamond films, difractional
optical elements from diamond.
Participants •GPI OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES;
The project •Company ”Optosystems".
Consumers The electronic industry enterprises (in particular, in Russia NPC "Source", NPC "Pulsar", Open
Production Company «NPP TEZ», Open Society "Octave");
Manufacturers of the optical equipment, lasers (in Russia FSC "Astrophysics", НТО "IRE-POLUS",
etc.);
Manufacturers of components and tools with a diamond covering(space sector, mechanical
engineering, the medical equipment).
Realisation The first stage:
of the project •Manufacture of separate electronic, optical and mechanical elements from CVD-diamond.
The second stage:
•Manufacture of difficult products on the basis of elements from CVD-diamond.
Improvement of the production technology of monocrystal and polycrystalline CVD-diamond during all
project.
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2. The characteristic of the Innovative project
CVD-diamond use
CVD-diamondtype Use areas
CVD-diamond of Covering of tools, details (for example,
mechanical quality engine details, surgical tools, implants,
drills)
CVD-diamond of optical Windows and mirrors (for example, lasers)
quality
CVD-diamond of Heat-removing plates (electronics, laser
thermal/electro-technical diodes)
quality
CVD-diamond as a Ionising radiationdetectors (including
sensor element medical detectors)
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3. The characteristic of the Innovative project
Existing methods of reception of CVD-diamond
Method The short description Advantages and lacks
Method of a hot Activation of a gas phase about use heated to temperature ~ The big advantage of a method is simplicity and scaling possibility.
thread 20000Ca wire from the refractory material, placed about a Method lack is the basic impossibility to prevent occurrence of an impurity of
substrate on which the diamond film is increased and which is metal-activator in a film that is important at reception very much a clear
supported at temperature 700-10000C. Pressure of a gas phase diamond, and also impossibility of introduction in a gas mix of the additives
usually makes 20-60 Torr, and distance between a wire-activator actively co-operating with a material of the activator.
and a substrate of 4-10 mm.
Gas activation in a In the elementary case process is conducted on atmosphere, and Use of torches in reactors at the lowered pressure allows to increase the area
torch flame there is no necessity for the reactor. Use of an oxygen-acetylene of sedimentation and to improve control over a process course. However at the
torch allows to receive high concentration of radicals and speed expense of increase in the area of a covering speed of sedimentation without
of sedimentation of diamond can reach 100 micron/hour. an appreciable prize in quality decreases.
The direct current In typical conditions (pressure of 100 Torr, temperature 8000С, Sedimentation in plasma of the category of a direct current allows to receive
category the expense of gas of 5-6 l/hour, size of a current 1,5-2,5) are diamond films with speeds in tens micrometers at an o'clock. Besides high
reached speeds 10 micron/hour on substrates by the area of 1 growth rates advantages of a method are simplicity of process, low
sm2. consumption of gas, however pollution of a film by products of dispersion of
electrodes is inherent in a method.
Electroarc In electroarc plasmotron the gas which is heated up in the Owing to high degree of decomposition of gas-reagent, high concentration of
plasmotron category of a direct current in the cylindrical channel, expires atomic hydrogen of speed of sedimentation of diamond reach the big sizes.
through a nozzle, forming a high-speed stream with temperature
in a kernel of a stream to 40000ºС
Laser plasmotron Heating of a gas stream in such плазмотроне is carried out by Speeds of sedimentation 40-60 micron/hour on substrates by the area of an
plasma of the continuous optical category supported by order of 1 sm2 are reached. Increase in speed and the sedimentation area it is
continuous laser radiation. possible to expect at higher laser capacity but while this method develops only
at laboratory level.
The microwave In the vacuum chamber the mix of methane and hydrogen which Allows to reach:
oven plasma dissociate under the influence of the electric category, microwave •It is unprecedented the big sizes;
(It is used in the plasma, laser radiation, on a hot thread or otherwisemoves. •High reproducibility of physical parametres;
project) Products dissociations are delivered to heated to a substrate, and •Possibilities of cultivation of products of the set form;
are besieged in the form of diamond. •Possibilities of drawing of coverings on a surface of various materials.
CVD diamond does not contain neither a time, nor a binding material and
consequently shows properties coming nearer to properties of monocrystals of
diamond.
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4. The characteristic of the Innovative project
The equipment and production
System of sedimentation of CVD-diamond GPI the Russian Academy of Sciences
CVD-diamondmonocrystals
Plates of the polycrystalline
CVD-diamond
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5. The characteristic of the Innovative project
Comparison of production with analogues
Heat-removing plates CVD of diamond
Comparison Values of parametres
parametres
The flowing On 2014год
Project product Analogue of a Project product The best analogue
product (forecast)
Heat-removing plates Plates CVD of Heat-removing plates Heat-removing plates
CVD of diamond in diamond of marks CVD of diamond. (ElementSix).
the size from 5х5 TM100and ТМ180,
mm2 to 20х20mm2, a the size 10х10 мм2, a
thickness of 0,25-0,50 thickness of 0.25 mm
mm. (ElementSix).
1. Heat conductivity, 800-2000 1000 – 1800 1000-1800 1000 – 1800
Vt/mK
2. Specific resistance, >1011 >1012 >1012 >1012
Om*sm
3. A surface roughness, 90 50 50 50
nanometer
Market cost of unit of a 90 - 250 68 -140 50 - 130 50 – 130
product, rbl./mm3 (Without the VAT)
The approximate cost 75 - 200 Not data 30 - 100 Not data
price of unit of a
product, rbl./mm3
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6. The characteristic of the Innovative project
Comparison of production with analogues
Diamond windows
Comparison Values of parametres
parametres
The flowing On 2014год
Project product Analogue of a Project product The best analogue
product (forecast)
Diamond windows, Plates CVD of diamond Plates CVD of diamond Plates CVD of diamond
diameter of 8 mm – 25 marked OP, diameter of optical quality of optical quality
mm. 8мм, a thickness of 0.5 (ElementSix).
mm (ElementSix).
1. Heat conductivity, 1800-2000 1900 1900-2000 2000
Vt/mK
2. Coef. Optical 0,06 – 0,12 <0,10 <0,08 <0,08
absorption on length of
a wave 10,6 microns,
Sm-1
3. A surface roughness, <30 <30 <30 <30
nanometer
Market cost of unit of a 350 400 300 350
product, rbl./mm3
The approximate cost 250 Not data 200 Not data
price of unit of a
product, rbl./mm3
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7. The characteristic of the Innovative project
Comparison of production with analogues
Cutting inserts from a hybrid diamond composite (ГАКТМ).
Comparison Values of parametres
parametres The flowing On 2014год
Project product Analogue of a Project product The best analogue
product (forecast)
Cutting inserts from hybrid Cutting inserts from Cutting inserts from hybrid Cutting inserts from
diamond composite diamond composite АКТМ diamond composite diamond composite АКТМ
GAKTM (concern ”Alcon"). GAKTM for chisel heads (concern ”Alcon").
1. Hardness, GPa 120-140 (in a CVD- 50 110-120 (in a CVD- 50
diamondreinforcing diamondreinforcing
element); element);
50 (in polycrystalline to 50 (in polycrystalline to
cover АКТМ) cover АКТМ)
2. The sizes Diameter 4,0 mm, Diameter 4,0 mm, Diameter 8,0 mm, Diameter 8,0 mm,
Height of 4,5 mm Height of 4,5 mm Height of 4,0 mm Height of 4,0 mm
3. Wear resistance (rather 5-14 1 >6 1
АКТМ) at granite
processing
Market cost of unit of a 350 230 250 230
product, rbl./mm3
The approximate cost 250 Not data 120 Not data
price of unit of a
product, rbl./mm3
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8. The market characteristic
Potential consumers and partners
Manufacturers of powerful technological lasers (target windows), including – TRUMPF GmbH +
Co. KG (Germany), Siemens AG (Germany);
Manufacturers of measuring instruments of energy of powerful bunches (entrance windows),
including – Coherent Inc. (USA), Ophir Optronics Ltd. (Israel), Newport Corp. (USA);
Manufacturers of gauges and microelectronic structures (substrate), including – Open Society
”Angstrem" (Russian Federation), Open Society "Micron" (Russian Federation), Samsung
Electronics (Korea), LG Electronics (Korea);
Manufacturers of extruders (filters), including – Balloffet (France), FortWayneWireDie, Inc.
(USA), Open Company «KSD-Ekstruder);
Manufacturers of tools with a diamond covering, tool factories;
Research institutes and the companies, including – Research institute of industrial technologies
(Taiwan), K Jet Laser Tek Inc. (Taiwan), institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
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9. The market characteristic
Potential volume of the market
The markets of the products potentially using components
on the basis of CVD-diamond: The market of diamond coverings, million$
350 25
The world market of diamond and diamondlike coverings
by estimations in 2009 made $782 million. Growth to $1,7 300
19,7 19,5
20
billion by 2015 Is predicted.
250
The world market of lasers in 2010 made $5,91 billion, 14,9
Темп роста рынка
Млн. долл. США
13,8 15
growth to $8,8 billion by 2014 is expected. 200
In 2007 the market of diamond stomatologic pine forests 150
319
10
was estimated in $75 million 196 223 267
100
It is expected that the market of surgical tools will grow to 170
5
$7 billion by 2016. 50
The market medical implants makes 10$ billion and
0 0
steadily grows. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Source: company Abercade
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10. The market characteristic
The analysis of competitors
Diamonds both diamondlike thin and thick films have outstanding properties. In this sense of competitive materials is
not present in general, therefore it is possible to speak only about materials with more poor quality, but it is essential
lower price:
For the cutting tool alternatively it is possible to consider ceramics and tungsten carbide.
Iznosoustojchivyh coverings as alternative the ceramic covering can act.
Electronic industry as alternative aluminium nitride can act, but besides here at diamondlike films of a competitive product does not exist, so far as
concerns tiny and high-efficiency requirements/processes.
For optical components of competitive products does not exist, since is not present optically transparent materials in so wide optical range as diamond.
But here the market grows insufficiently quickly because of for the present concerning the high price.
In the world the largest companies which are engaged in production from diamond plates, are:
AIXTRON AG (12 % of world market CVD of coverings), Innovative Plasma Systems GmbH, Germany
Applied Diamond, Inc., sp3 Diamond Technologies, Didco Inc., THE USA
Hebei Plasma Diamond Technology Co., Ltd, East Diamond Industrial Co., Ltd., Simple Technology, Inc., China
Element Six Ltd, Great Britain
Seki Technotron Corpю, Japan
CVD Diamond Corporation, Canada
Awin Diamond Technology Corp., Taiwan
The general competitive advantage of the above-stated companies-competitors is their long enough presence in the market. Also doubtless advantage are
financial possibilities of first two companies. It is necessary to notice that expenses on research and development AIXTRON AG (Germany) have made
in 2007 about 30 million euro. All is more considerably felt presence in the market of the Chinese companies.
Competitive advantages of production which is let out within the limits of the project:
High speed of cultivation of diamond plates.
Presence of technology for cultivation of samples with the best optical properties.
Presence of technologies for creation nanostructures on diamond, including cultivation of diamonds doped with boron components for creation of
diamonds with electrospending components.
High quality of production.
Essential price advantage in the Russian market, including at the expense of absence of the customs duties for the Russian buyers.
High level of service from the company-manufacturer and the grantings of technologies expanded possibilities under the concrete client.
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11. The characteristic of the applicant
The centre of physical instrument GPI the Russian Academy
of Sciences
Technology of cultivation of diamond in microwave plasma
Open Company ”Optosystems"
The company develops and makes systems for a laser dusting,
microdrilling and microprocessing and exclusive installations for
the Russian market for plasmochemical cultivation micro- and
nanocrystalline diamond films and plates.
Professor Gennaro Conte
Researches in sphere of optimisation of systems of cultivation of
diamond, creation EV and x-ray detectors on a basis mono- and
polycrystalline CVD-diamond
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12. Risks
Risks of the project
The risk description Minimisation
Technology reproduction abroad on the basis of open Patenting abroad.
publications of collective IOF of the Russian Academy of
Sciences.
Insufficiently high quality of processing of plates-preparations Preliminary performance of research and development
(essential deviations from planeness, insufficiently low (Working out of technology of polishing and polishing of
roughness of a finishing surface). diamond plates) is necessary
Competition from the largest player – ElementSix and the Granting of experimental batches of production, competitive
Chinese manufacturers price.
Probability of occurrence of new players in the market, with the Priority performance of works on a research and development
low cost price of production. Patent restrictions. theme.
Carrying out of profound patent search.
Risk of leaving of key members Forming of the confidential
Existing command Relations with management
The companies.
The optsionnaja program for
Management.
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