1) Human blood contains red blood cells that carry oxygen throughout the body. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, an iron-rich protein that gives blood its red color. 2) Dr. Karl Landsteiner discovered the four main blood types (A, B, AB, and O) in 1900 while observing incompatible blood transfusions. The differences in blood types are due to proteins called antigens on the surface of red blood cells. 3) A person's blood type is determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B. Those with type O blood lack both antigens, while types A, B, and AB have antigen A, B, or both, respectively.

1. HUMAN BLOOD

2. R.B.C
 Red blood cells contain a
special protein called
hemoglobin, which
contains iron and carries
the oxygen to the body
 Hemoglobin also makes
red blood cells red.
 We have so many red cells
that our blood itself appears
red, even though it contains
more than red blood cells.

4. Inheritance of
Blood Types

5. Discovery of Blood Typing
• First to discover blood types
(1900)
Dr. Karl Landsteiner
• Observed blood transfusions:
the transfer of blood from one
to another.
• Noticed that the blood of the
donor would clump/clot with that
of the patient (Agglutination)

6. The Four Classic Blood Types
____ ____ ____ ____
A B AB O
The difference in blood types is caused by different
proteins found of the surface of the red blood cells
known as Antigen A and Antigen B.

7. The Four Classic Blood Types
_________:substance that can trigger the production of
antibodies.
Antigen
_____________:proteins produced by the immune system
that destroy foreign substances (such as antigens).
Antibodies

8. Blood Types
Blood
Types:
Antigen(s) on
RBC
Antibodies
produced
Can donate
blood to:
Can receive
blood from:
Genotypes:
A IAi
A A
ALL
B B IBIB
B
IAIA
IBi
AB
AB ALL
AB
AB IAIB
O
O
O
ii
O
Antigen B
Antigens A&B
Antigen A
Neither
Anti B
Anti A
NONE
Anti A&B

9. Rh Factor in Blood
•The Rh factor is another protein factor on the Red
Blood Cells
•The term Rh comes from the type of monkeys used
to test for this factor originally, Rhesus Monkeys

10. Rh Factor Statistics
•85% of people have Rh present on their red blood
cells. Their blood is referred to as _____ and they can
receive ___________ blood.
•15% of people DO NOT have Rh present on their red
blood cells. Their blood is referred to as ______ and
they can receive ____________.
Rh+
Rh-
+ and -
only -
•Universal blood donor (used by all)_____.
•Universal blood recipient (can receive all types)____.
O-
AB+

11. Rh Factor and Pregnancy
Rh (-) Mother X Rh(+) Father
1st Rh (+) Baby 2nd Rh (+) Baby

12. Rh Factor and Pregnancy

13. World Map of the A Allele

14. World Map of the B Allele

15. World Map of the O Allele Blood Type