The document outlines 10 key laws in India that protect women's rights, including laws around child marriage, marriage between people of different faiths or castes, dowry prohibition, divorce, maternity benefits, medical termination of pregnancy, sexual harassment in the workplace, indecent representation of women, the National Commission for Women, and equal remuneration. It emphasizes that knowledge of these laws empowers women to fight injustice and advocates being aware of one's legal rights.
Empowerment of women and Legal Provision
Dr. Vibhuti Patel,
Director, PGSR & Professor & Head,
Department of Economics, SNDT Women’s University,
Churchgate, Mumbai-400020.
E-mail- vibhuti.np@gmail.com Phone-91-022-26770227, mobile-9321040048
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women are as follows:
Fundamental Rights ensure empowerment of women thro’
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3)- empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16- provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
The directive Principals ensure empowerment of women thro’
• Article 39- enjoins the state to provide an
– adequate means of livelihood to men and women and
– Equal pay for equal work
– Article 42- State to ensure the provision for just and humane condition of work and maternity relief.
• Fundamental duties
• Article 51v (A) (e) - fundamental duty on every citizen to renounce the practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
• Financial Accountability
• Article 151- reports relating to the accounts of the Union and states to be prepared and placed before the Parliament and State legislatures respectively.
Articulation of the demands and alternatives suggested by the women’s movement constantly refer to the Fundamental Rights in the Constitution of India such as
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3) that empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16 that provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
When the government of India signed the UN charter on Equality, Development and Peace in 1975, the process of gender audit in the governance got an official stamp. In 1976, the Equal Remuneration Act was enacted to provide equal opportunities, equal treatment and equal wages for work of similar nature. NGOs have been consistently doing public scrutiny of Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 and specific provisions for women in general labour laws, The Factories Act, 1948 – Section 34 provides that the State government can lay down rules prescribing weights that may be carried by men and women, The Contract Labour (Abolition and Regulation) Act and Rules- that separate provision of utilities for women and fixed working hours.
Though these laws have proper implementation mechanisms, there is no provision for monitoring the effect of these laws on women. Allowance for special provisions for women have often proven to be detrimental to their employment opportunities. Participation of workingwomen in the decision-making processes in the industrial and agrarian relations is abysmally low. Women’s access to legal service largely remains inadequate in spite of the legal service Act, 1987.
Gender Discrimination & Women Empowermentsachin tiwari
This presentation is about women empowerment & gender discrimination. Here, I have added a lot of facts & figures.
I have tried to highlight all the problems & hurdles regarding this problem and also suggested some ideas that can overcome all these problems.
Legislations enacted for Empowerment of Women and the statistics relating to crimes against women for creating awareness among public including students, professional, academicians with a view to recognize, secure and safeguard the rights and interests of women by all and to cherish the noble ideals incorporated in Indian Constitution and to establish egalitarian society.
Empowerment of women and Legal Provision
Dr. Vibhuti Patel,
Director, PGSR & Professor & Head,
Department of Economics, SNDT Women’s University,
Churchgate, Mumbai-400020.
E-mail- vibhuti.np@gmail.com Phone-91-022-26770227, mobile-9321040048
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women are as follows:
Fundamental Rights ensure empowerment of women thro’
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3)- empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16- provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
The directive Principals ensure empowerment of women thro’
• Article 39- enjoins the state to provide an
– adequate means of livelihood to men and women and
– Equal pay for equal work
– Article 42- State to ensure the provision for just and humane condition of work and maternity relief.
• Fundamental duties
• Article 51v (A) (e) - fundamental duty on every citizen to renounce the practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
• Financial Accountability
• Article 151- reports relating to the accounts of the Union and states to be prepared and placed before the Parliament and State legislatures respectively.
Articulation of the demands and alternatives suggested by the women’s movement constantly refer to the Fundamental Rights in the Constitution of India such as
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3) that empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16 that provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
When the government of India signed the UN charter on Equality, Development and Peace in 1975, the process of gender audit in the governance got an official stamp. In 1976, the Equal Remuneration Act was enacted to provide equal opportunities, equal treatment and equal wages for work of similar nature. NGOs have been consistently doing public scrutiny of Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 and specific provisions for women in general labour laws, The Factories Act, 1948 – Section 34 provides that the State government can lay down rules prescribing weights that may be carried by men and women, The Contract Labour (Abolition and Regulation) Act and Rules- that separate provision of utilities for women and fixed working hours.
Though these laws have proper implementation mechanisms, there is no provision for monitoring the effect of these laws on women. Allowance for special provisions for women have often proven to be detrimental to their employment opportunities. Participation of workingwomen in the decision-making processes in the industrial and agrarian relations is abysmally low. Women’s access to legal service largely remains inadequate in spite of the legal service Act, 1987.
Gender Discrimination & Women Empowermentsachin tiwari
This presentation is about women empowerment & gender discrimination. Here, I have added a lot of facts & figures.
I have tried to highlight all the problems & hurdles regarding this problem and also suggested some ideas that can overcome all these problems.
Legislations enacted for Empowerment of Women and the statistics relating to crimes against women for creating awareness among public including students, professional, academicians with a view to recognize, secure and safeguard the rights and interests of women by all and to cherish the noble ideals incorporated in Indian Constitution and to establish egalitarian society.
social reformers in India ,their contributions, institutions.There are two distinct groups of progressive movements aimed at emancipation of Indian women.
“The day a woman can walk freely on the roads at night, that day we can say that India has achieved independence.”
--Mahatma Gandhi
This slide describes about the position where a woman used to stand or stands in the current era or even in the days of vintage and the struggles a woman faces in her day to day life.
This lecture contains:
1. Introduction about Education
2. Educational Problems
3. Science and Technical Education
4. Education Expenditure in Pakistan
5. Meaning of School Social Work
6. Nature of School Social Work
7. School Social Work in Pakistan
8. The role of School social Worker
Women workers and their rights provided by the Government of India. This presentation will be helpful for students as well as teachers who are taking a step further to educate themselves. This ppt includes definition of rights, organizations spreading awareness about rights of women, legal framework of women workers and who are considered to be a women worker. I hope this has cleared your doubts and further clarification, please help yourself and do research. Have a great life ahead :)
social reformers in India ,their contributions, institutions.There are two distinct groups of progressive movements aimed at emancipation of Indian women.
“The day a woman can walk freely on the roads at night, that day we can say that India has achieved independence.”
--Mahatma Gandhi
This slide describes about the position where a woman used to stand or stands in the current era or even in the days of vintage and the struggles a woman faces in her day to day life.
This lecture contains:
1. Introduction about Education
2. Educational Problems
3. Science and Technical Education
4. Education Expenditure in Pakistan
5. Meaning of School Social Work
6. Nature of School Social Work
7. School Social Work in Pakistan
8. The role of School social Worker
Women workers and their rights provided by the Government of India. This presentation will be helpful for students as well as teachers who are taking a step further to educate themselves. This ppt includes definition of rights, organizations spreading awareness about rights of women, legal framework of women workers and who are considered to be a women worker. I hope this has cleared your doubts and further clarification, please help yourself and do research. Have a great life ahead :)
The presentation describes the situation of female foeticide in Indian society. Its causes ,effects and remedies are also described in this presentation.
women empowerment is necessary as "WOMEN ARE HONORED WHERE , DIGNITY BLOSSOMS THERE" so women should know their rights and prepare for every life challenging situation
Women empowerment unit-iv - laws related to women empowermentDr. Mani Madhavan
Women Empowerment, BA Economics, Unit-IV, Laws Related to Women Empowerment, Indian Laws on Women’s Rights, Need for Uniform Civil Code in India, Labour laws, Laws related to Crimes Against Women, The Prohibition of Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013, The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961, Indian Factories Act 1948, The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976,
More than half of the women in India are married before the legal minimum age of 18. By contrast, men in the same age group get married at a median age of 23.4 years. Sixteen percent of men aged 20-49 are married by age 18 and 28 percent by age 20.
HAQ: Center for Child Rights
B1/2, Ground Floor,
Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017
Tel: +91-26677412,26673599
Fax: +91-26674688
Website: www.haqcrc.org
FaceBook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR WOMEN IN THE WORK PLACEMrinaliniR3
Important Indian laws that provide legal protection for women in their workplace.
Maternity Benefit Act(2017) ,Sexual Harassment of Women in Workplace ,Equal Remuneration Act ,Laws protecting women working night shifts.
NATURE, ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pptxanvithaav
These slides helps the student of international law to understand what is the nature of international law? and how international law was originated and developed?.
The slides was well structured along with the highlighted points for better understanding .
Responsibilities of the office bearers while registering multi-state cooperat...Finlaw Consultancy Pvt Ltd
Introduction-
The process of register multi-state cooperative society in India is governed by the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act, 2002. This process requires the office bearers to undertake several crucial responsibilities to ensure compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks. The key office bearers typically include the President, Secretary, and Treasurer, along with other elected members of the managing committee. Their responsibilities encompass administrative, legal, and financial duties essential for the successful registration and operation of the society.
A "File Trademark" is a legal term referring to the registration of a unique symbol, logo, or name used to identify and distinguish products or services. This process provides legal protection, granting exclusive rights to the trademark owner, and helps prevent unauthorized use by competitors.
Visit Now: https://www.tumblr.com/trademark-quick/751620857551634432/ensure-legal-protection-file-your-trademark-with?source=share
Car Accident Injury Do I Have a Case....Knowyourright
Every year, thousands of Minnesotans are injured in car accidents. These injuries can be severe – even life-changing. Under Minnesota law, you can pursue compensation through a personal injury lawsuit.
ALL EYES ON RAFAH BUT WHY Explain more.pdf46adnanshahzad
All eyes on Rafah: But why?. The Rafah border crossing, a crucial point between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, often finds itself at the center of global attention. As we explore the significance of Rafah, we’ll uncover why all eyes are on Rafah and the complexities surrounding this pivotal region.
INTRODUCTION
What makes Rafah so significant that it captures global attention? The phrase ‘All eyes are on Rafah’ resonates not just with those in the region but with people worldwide who recognize its strategic, humanitarian, and political importance. In this guide, we will delve into the factors that make Rafah a focal point for international interest, examining its historical context, humanitarian challenges, and political dimensions.
How to Obtain Permanent Residency in the NetherlandsBridgeWest.eu
You can rely on our assistance if you are ready to apply for permanent residency. Find out more at: https://immigration-netherlands.com/obtain-a-permanent-residence-permit-in-the-netherlands/.
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
10 laws that protect women and their rights in India
1. 10 laws that protect
women and their
rights in India
Pradeep Kumar Panda
Email: pradeep25687@yahoo.co.in
Whatsapp: 9951178889
Mobile: 8448193236
Website: www.pradeepkumarpanda.weebly.com
2. Introduction
• Crimes against women occur every minute in India.
• Women are not safe, whether it is in their houses, public
places or at the workplace.
• Your safety in your hands sounds like a clichéd adage to
repeat.
• Given the number of crimes that are committed against
women, it is pertinent that women are aware about the laws
that are in place to protect them.
• Remember knowledge is power.
• As a parent, wife, daughter, employee and a woman these
are rights set in place to protect you and it is important that
you are aware about these.
• Here are 10 laws that protect women and their rights
3. The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006
• According to the International Research Centre for Women,
almost 47 percent of girls are married before the age of 18.
• Currently, India ranks 13 in the world when it comes to child
marriages.
• Since child marriage has been steeped into the Indian culture
and tradition since centuries, it has been tough eliminating it.
• The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act was made effective in
2007.
• This act defines child marriage as a marriage where the groom or
the bride are underage, that is, the bride is under 18 years of age
or the boy is younger than 21 years.
• Parents trying to marry underage girls are subject to action
under this law.
• Since the law makes these marriages illegal, it acts as a major
deterrent.
4. Special Marriage Act, 1954
• The objectives of this act is to provide – a
special form of marriage in certain cases,
provide for registration of certain marriages
and, to provide for divorce.
• In a country like India and with the diverse
religions and cast, when people from different
faiths and caste chose to get married they do it
under the Special Marriage Act.
• It is not applicable to the state of Jammu and
Kashmir and also extends to intending spouses
who are Indian nationals and living abroad.
5. Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
• According to this act, taking or giving of dowry at the time of the
marriage to the bride or the bridegroom and their family is to be
penalised.
• Dowry system, giving and taking of dowry, is a norm in India.
• Dowry is often asked of the bride and her family by the groom
and his family. The system has taken strong roots because
women after marriage move in with their spouse and in-laws.
• Also, over the centuries, the lack for economic independence of
women and the taboo towards divorce has resulted in bride
burning. When demands for dowry even after marriage are not
met by the girl’s families, many women are tortured, beaten and
even burnt.
• It is one of the major challenges that our society is grappling
with. Women openly complaining about it has helped to spread
the word and encourage other women to take a stand.
6. Indian Divorce Act, 1969
• The Indian Divorce Act allows
• the dissolution of marriage,
• mutual consent,
• nullity of marriage,
• judicial separation and
• restitution of conjugal rights.
• Family Courts are established to file, hear,
and dispose of such cases.
7. Maternity Benefit Act,1861
• This act regulates the employment of women
and maternity benefits mandated by law.
• It states that a woman employee who has
worked in an organisation for a period of at least
80 days during the 12 months preceding the
date of her expected delivery is entitled to
receive maternity benefits, which includes
• maternity leave,
• nursing breaks,
• medical allowance, etc.
8. Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act,1971
• The Act came into effect into 1972,
• was amended in 1975 and 2002.
• The aim of the Act is to reduce the
occurrence of illegal abortion and
consequent maternal mortality and
morbidity.
• It clearly states the conditions under which
a pregnancy can be ended or aborted and
specifies the persons qualified to conduct
the same.
9. Sexual Harassment of Women at
Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and
Redressal) Act, 2013
• To ensure women’s safety at workplace, this Act seeks to protect
them from sexual harassment at their place of work.
• Thirty-six percent of Indian companies and 25 percent among
MNC’s are not complaint with the Sexual Harassment Act
according to a FICCI-EY November 2015 report.
• Sexual harassment at workplace also includes –
• the use of language with sexual overtones,
• invasion of private space with a male colleague hovering too
close for comfort,
• subtle touches and
• innuendoes.
10. Indecent Representation of Women
(Prevention) Act, 1986
• This Act prohibits indecent representation
of women through
• advertisement or
• in publications,
• writings,
• paintings,
• figures or
• in any other manner.
11. National Commission for Women Act,
1990
• The National Commission for Women (NCW) is a
statutory body of the Government of India, established
in January 1992.
• The NCW represents the rights of women in India and
provides a voice for their issues and concerns.
• The National Commission for Women Act aims to
improve the status of women and worked for their
economic empowerment.
• Every state has a State Commission for Women.
12. Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
• This Act prevents discrimination in terms of
remuneration.
• It provides for payment of equal recompense to
men and women workers.
• It is necessary to know these and other laws in
place to protect the interests of women.
• Only if you are aware of your rights can you fight
against any injustice meted out to you at home,
at the workplace, or in the society.
13. Thank You
Pradeep Kumar Panda
Email: pradeep25687@yahoo.co.in
Whatsapp: 9951178889
Mobile: 8448193236
Website:
www.pradeepkumarpanda.weebly.com