This document discusses women empowerment in India. It defines women empowerment as making women independent in their mind, thoughts, rights, and decisions by removing social and family limitations. It discusses women's fundamental rights like equality, non-discrimination, equal pay, dignity, and independence in decisions. It also discusses India's commitments to international conventions on women's rights and improving conditions in rural areas through education and job opportunities. Key indicators of women empowerment mentioned are increased self-esteem, decision making power, and changes in quantitative metrics like literacy rates, sex ratio, and life expectancy.

1. WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
By:- Tulsi Patel
14BN050
7th
semester

2. Meaning
• Women empowerment is empowering the
women to take their own decisions for their
personal dependent. Empowering women is to
make them independent in all aspects from
mind, thought, rights, decisions, etc by leaving
all the social and family limitations.

3. Women Empowerment itself elaborates that Social Rights ,
Political Rights , Economic stability , judicial strength and all
other rights should be also equal to women. There should be
no discrimination between men and woman. Women should
now there fundamental and social rights which they get once
they born.
• There should be respect and dignity towards Women.
• Have total independences of their own life and lifestyle inside
the home and also outside at their work.
• They should make their decision , by their own choice.
• They should have a high social respect in society.

4. • They have equal rights in society and other judicial works .
• They should not be discriminated while providing any type of
education.
• They should select their own economic and financial choices
by their own.
• There should not be any discrimination between woman and
man while giving jobs and employment .
• They should have safe and secured Working location with
proper privacy.

6. Fundamental Rights:
• Article 14 ensures to women the right to equality.
• Article 15(1) specifically prohibits discrimination on
the basis of sex.
• Article 15(3) empowers the State to take affirmative
actions in favor of women.
• Article 16 provides for equality of opportunity for all
citizens in matters relating to employment or
appointment to any office.

7. Directive Principles of State
Policy:
• Directive principles of State Policy also contains important provisions
regarding women empowerment and it is the duty of the government to
apply these principles while making laws or formulating any policy.
• Article 39 (a) provides that the State to direct its policy towards securing
for men and women equally the right to an adequate means of livelihood.
• Article 39 (d) mandates equal pay for equal work for both men and
women.
• Article 42 provides that the State to make provision for securing just and
humane conditions of work and for maternity relief.

8. Fundamental Duties:
• Article 51 (A) (e) expects from the citizen of
the country to promote harmony and the spirit
of common brotherhood amongst all the
people of India and to renounce practices
derogatory to the dignity of women.

9. INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS OF
INDIA AS TO WOMEN
EMPOWERMENT
• India is a part to various International conventions and treaties
which are committed to secure equal rights of women.
• One of the most important among them is the Convention on
Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
(CEDAW), ratified by India in 1993.
• The Mexico Plan of Action (1975),
• the Nairobi Forward Looking Strategies (1985),

10. • Though, economic and social condition of women has
improved in a significant way but the change is especially
visible only in metro cities or in urban areas; the situation
is not much improved in semi-urban areas and villages.
This disparity is due to lack of education and job
opportunities and negative mind set of the society which
does not approve girls’ education even in 21st century.

11. Workload of women
• Majority of labor sustains life growing food,
cooking , rearing children , caring of elders ,
maintaining house but low status and no pay
• Women earn only 10% of the world income
thay are limited to do some work
• Women own less then 1% of the world’s
property

12. Indicators of women empowerment
• Qualitative Indicators
o increase in self esteem and confidence
o Increase in articulation , knowledge ,awareness , low and
literacy
o visible increased/ decreased in violence on women
o Responses to change in social customs
o Positive changes in social attitudes
o Women decision making over her work and income

13.  Quantitative indicators
o MMR
o Fertility rate
o Sex ratio
o Life expectancy
o Average age of marriage
o Changes in literacy and enrolment levels

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