(1) nominal: categorically discrete data without order the data For example: different person\'s name ordinal: quantities with order the data For example: rating scales interval:like ordinal and have interval between each value are equally split For example: temperature ratio levels: interval data with a natural zero point For example: time ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (2)population: is a group of phenomena sample is a part of the population parameter: is a characteristic of a population statistic: is a characteristic of a sample Advantages of Sample Surveys compared with Censuses: Reduces cost ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (3)Ordinal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (4)Random ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (5) Given X~Binomial(n=9, p=0.53) P(X=x)=xC9*(0.53^x)*((1-0.53)^(9-x)) So the probability is P(X=3) =3C9*(0.53^3)*((1-0.53)^(9-3)) =0.1348013 Answer: 0.135 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (6) Given X~Binomial(n=10, p=0.5) P(X=x)=xC10*(0.5^x) So the probability is P(X>=6)=P(X=6)+P(X=7)+...+P(X=10) = 0.3769531 Answer: 0.377 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (7) P(X<0.285) = P((X-mean)/s <(0.285-0.3)/0.01) =P(Z<-1.5) =0.0668 (from standard normal table) Answer: 0.0668 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (8) P(xbar> 215) = P((xbar-mean)/(s/vn) >(215-200)/(50/sqrt(40))) =P(Z>1.9) =0.0287 Answer: 0.0287 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (9) r=-0.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (10)4.88 + 0.525x ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (11)True ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (12) False ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (13) p=52/250 = 0.208 So the margin of error =Z*sqrt(p*(1-p)/n) =1.96*sqrt(0.208*(1-0.208)/250) =0.05031301 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (14) n=(Z/E)^2*p*(1-p) =(1.645/0.04)^2*0.75*0.25 =317.1123 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (15) n=(Z*s/E)^2 =(1.96*124/4.5)^2 = 2916.96 Take n= 2917 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.