This document provides biographical information about the writer Sui Sin Far (Edith Maud Eaton), who was the first writer of Asian descent published in North America. She was born in England in 1865 to a Chinese mother and English father. Her family immigrated to the US when she was young. She started her career as a journalist and used the pen name Sui Sin Far. Her stories focused on the experiences of Chinese American women and sought to challenge stereotypes. While she faced challenges due to racism and her biracial background, she is now recognized for helping to give voice to Chinese American experiences. The document discusses the historical context of anti-Chinese sentiment in the US during her lifetime.
Queersmopolitan is a magazine created as an academic project for the 'Women, Society and Changing India' course at the Young India Fellowship 2016-17. It is imagined as a magazine that caters to the sexual and gender minorities who are not given space in our public culture. Through thoughtful advertisements, comics, interviews and features, it attempts to sensitise readers to aspects of gender and sexuality that they may be unconscious of presently.
Queersmopolitan looks forward to a world where love and individuality can thrive.
Created by Ayeshni, Elisha, Priyanka, Purva, Shweta and Sravana.
Drag: limitations & potential of black queer spaceLoanniDelMonte
Drag as a black queer space has the potential to both uphold and resist oppressive structures of white supremacy and homonormative queerness. My research found that drag performance can expose the black queer subject to hyper-racialization and spatial and legislative control, as well as assert the freedom, control and movement of black queer bodies by way of subversive gender expression.
From the different worldviews between these groups, we discuss positionality and access to data, i.e. the ways characteristics such as socio-economic, education, social status, and gender influence the research. The idea is not to set ‘rights’ and ‘wrongs’, but to ponder on how successful (or not) were our attempts and reflect on unforeseen effects of our own work.
Queersmopolitan is a magazine created as an academic project for the 'Women, Society and Changing India' course at the Young India Fellowship 2016-17. It is imagined as a magazine that caters to the sexual and gender minorities who are not given space in our public culture. Through thoughtful advertisements, comics, interviews and features, it attempts to sensitise readers to aspects of gender and sexuality that they may be unconscious of presently.
Queersmopolitan looks forward to a world where love and individuality can thrive.
Created by Ayeshni, Elisha, Priyanka, Purva, Shweta and Sravana.
Drag: limitations & potential of black queer spaceLoanniDelMonte
Drag as a black queer space has the potential to both uphold and resist oppressive structures of white supremacy and homonormative queerness. My research found that drag performance can expose the black queer subject to hyper-racialization and spatial and legislative control, as well as assert the freedom, control and movement of black queer bodies by way of subversive gender expression.
From the different worldviews between these groups, we discuss positionality and access to data, i.e. the ways characteristics such as socio-economic, education, social status, and gender influence the research. The idea is not to set ‘rights’ and ‘wrongs’, but to ponder on how successful (or not) were our attempts and reflect on unforeseen effects of our own work.
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Identity paper (4 pages)Identity is a curious notion… coming to k.docxscuttsginette
Identity paper (4 pages)
“Identity is a curious notion… coming to know ourselves involves not so much discovery as creativity, Minnich (2010).
Tosha Tshang’s identity is a narrative about experiences of high performing sport – she also constructs her academic voice, stories of beauty and being a woman, and stories of racialization; in fact she is a multiplicity of stories through which she explores her identity:
1.
Using narrative what is your identity?
2.
In the final analysis – how does your identity inform your practice as a professional
Read the attached article closely
and try to capture the narrative of
your own identity using the post-structural perspective.
In fact the minute you catch yourself using the word identity in your narrative/stories – you may be on the path of describing a “static” identity.
S
ee below
the
guide
that helps you follow the argument about writing your identity using the post-structural perspective as Tosha Tsang.
The lack of certainty and the contradictions pertaining to her identity are important features to embrace in our world today. This guide tells you how and why.
Use this to guide you towards thinking and writing your own identity. Tosha Tsang writes her experiences using the post-structural perspective.
What does post-structural mean?
Guide
First of all we begin with what structural perspective is
- a structural position frames phenomenon through an
unchanging, universal laws of human behavior and social phenomena
while the post-structural position frames phenomenon as more
nuanced, multileveled, and ultimately complicated framings of the world around us.
We are all human – men and women. Isn’t this a universal law? If that is the case - where does that leave the transgender people and or seeking sex chang
e?
Post-structural position is that which may accommodate more nuanced, multilevel and more complicated framings of the world. So those who left this world (as more universal and with unchanging laws of human behavior) indeed when marriage meant a union between a man and a woman may be shocked today!
Most people think through a rational autonomous subject perspective when asked to speak about their identity
.
What is a rational autonomous subject? It is
obedience to the law one has prescribed to oneself -
a capacity for choice that is motivationally independent,
not determined by external influence.
When people say things such as … this happened to me so I decided to be… they are speaking from the rational autonomous subject perspective.
They are using their own reason to determine what they want to be and perhaps how the world should view them. The post-structural position views the
rational autonomous subject
as untenable or as unsustainable or a weak position.
There are so many things that people cannot determine for themselves against the predetermined social categories.
How do you determine how the world will view you as a woman? What should a Native Americans deter.
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MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
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Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
1 b class 19
1.
2. Daily Agenda
Vocabulary Exam: re-take or make-up
Terms list 4: (The terms exam will be on the last
class day of the quarter. It will include a
comprehensive terms test, which will emphasize the
new terms.)
Discussion: Trickster Characters from our reading
In-class writing: Essay 4: outline and thesis
Author lecture: Sui Sin Far
3.
4. Terms for Exam 4: A Comprehensive Test
Gender Identity: The sense of “being” male or “being” female. For some
people, gender identity is in accord with physical anatomy. For
transgender people, gender identity may differ from physical anatomy or
expected social roles. It is important to note that gender identity,
biological sex, and sexual orientation are not necessarily linked.
Heterosexism: The concept that heterosexuality is natural, normal,
superior and required. A system of beliefs about the superiority of
heterosexuals or heterosexuality evidenced in the exclusion, by omission
or design, of gay, lesbian and bisexual persons in assumptions,
communication, policies, procedures, events, or activities.
Heterosexual: A person who is primarily and/or exclusively attracted to
members of a gender or sex that is seen to be “opposite” or other than
the one with which they identify or are identified.
5. • Homosexual: A person who is primarily and /or exclusively attracted to
members of what they identify as their own sex or gender. Because the
term possesses connotations of disease and abnormality, some people
do not like to identify as homosexual. Still others do not feel that it
accurately defines their chosen identity.
• Lesbian: One who identifies as a woman who is primarily or exclusively
attracted to others who identify as women.
• Sex Reassignment (SRS): A surgical procedure that modifies one’s
primary and/or secondary sex characteristics. This process was formerly
called a “sex change operation,” a phrase now considered offensive.
• Sexual Orientation: A person’s emotional, physical and sexual attraction
and the expression of that attraction with other individuals. Some of the
better-known labels or categories include “bisexual,” “multisexual,”
“pansexual,” “omnisexual,” “lesbian,” “gay” (“homosexual” is a more
clinical term), or “heterosexual.”
6. • Trans: Abbreviation for transgender, transsexual, or some other form of
trans identity. “Trans” can invoke notions of transcending beyond,
existing between, or crossing over borders.
• Transgender: An umbrella term used to describe people who do not fit
into traditional gender categories, including transsexuals, transvestites or
cross-dressers, intersexuals or hermaphrodites, and sometimes, even
people who identify as butch or femme. Can invoke notions of
transcending beyond, existing between or crossing over borders.
• Transition: The period when one is changing from living as one sex or
gender to a different conception of sex or gender. Transitioning is
complicated, multi-step process that may include surgically and/or
hormonally altering one’s body.
7.
8. The Prompt
For this essay, consider trickster tales and trickster or
trickster-like characters from our reading. Do they meet
the criteria to be categorized as “tricksters”? Which
measuring stick do we use to determine if they do or
not? Who or what are they in a modern society? When
and why do they appear? Is there a relationship between
tricksters and gender and ethnicity? Do these modern
tricksters, as Lock asserts, help us “better understand
ourselves, and the perhaps subconscious aspects of
ourselves that respond to the trickster’s unsettling and
transformative behavior”? How? Or, do these trickster
tales and trickster or trickster-like characters serve
another purpose? Which?
9. Break it down!
Do the trickster characters from our reading meet the criteria to be
categorized as “tricksters”?
Which measuring stick do we use to determine if they are or not?
Who or what are they in a modern society?
When and why do they appear?
Is there a relationship between tricksters and gender and ethnicity?
Do these tricksters, as Lock asserts, help us “better understand ourselves,
and the perhaps subconscious aspects of ourselves that respond to the
trickster’s unsettling and transformative behavior”? How?
Or, do these trickster tales and trickster or trickster-like characters serve
another purpose? Which?
10. Do the trickster characters from our
reading meet the criteria to be
categorized as “tricksters”?
How do we answer this? Which
measuring stick do we use to determine
if they do or not?
How do we convince others that these
are indeed modern tricksters?
11. Do the trickster characters from our reading
meet the criteria to be categorized as
“tricksters”?
How do we answer this?
Yes, the characters from our reading meet the criteria to be categorized
as “tricksters.”
No, the characters from our reading do not meet the criteria to be
categorized as “tricksters.”
How do we know if the meet the criteria?
We do research on trickster characters. Then we compare their traits
and purposes to those of the characters we read this quarter.
How do we convince someone else that they do (not) exist?
We explain our process of researching and comparing characters.
We offer evidence and analysis to support our assertions.
12. Address these questions.
Consider both the texts we read
for class and your research
Who or what are they in a modern
society?
When and why do they appear?
Is there a relationship between
tricksters and gender and ethnicity?
13. How you will answer this part of the
prompt?
Do these tricksters, as Lock asserts, help us
(as individuals, cultures, nations) “better
understand ourselves”?
How do they help?
What do we learn from them?
Does the trickster perform fundamental
cultural work?
What is it?
14. In understanding the trickster better, do we
better understand our limitations? Our culture?
Our biases? Or boundaries? Or something else?
Do these tricksters help us understand “the
perhaps subconscious aspects of ourselves that
respond to the trickster’s unsettling and
transformative behavior”?
What is the “Trickster’s unsettling and
transformative behavior”?
15. What “subconscious aspects of ourselves
[do] respond to the trickster’s unsettling
and transformative behavior”?
How do tricksters help us (as individuals,
cultures, nations) understand subconscious
aspects of ourselves?
How does understanding the subconscious
aspects of ourselves differ from the
conscious learning that tricksters promote?
16. Or, do these trickster tales and
trickster or trickster-like
characters serve another purpose?
Which purpose do they serve?
How do you know?
17. The Prompt
For this essay, consider trickster tales and trickster or
trickster-like characters from our reading. Do they meet
the criteria to be categorized as “tricksters”? Which
measuring stick do we use to determine if they do or
not? Who or what are they in a modern society? When
and why do they appear? Is there a relationship between
tricksters and gender and ethnicity? Do these modern
tricksters, as Lock asserts, help us “better understand
ourselves, and the perhaps subconscious aspects of
ourselves that respond to the trickster’s unsettling and
transformative behavior”? How? Or, do these trickster
tales and trickster or trickster-like characters serve
another purpose? Which?
18. The Prompt
the Thesis
Do the characters from our reading meet the criteria to be categorized as
“tricksters”? Which measuring stick do we use to determine if they are or
not? By comparing twentieth century passing characters’ behaviors to
traditional definitions of tricksters, it is clear that characters from
modern stories can be called tricksters. Who or what are they in a
modern society? cultural heroes and teachers. When and why do they
appear? They appear when oppression squeezes people into the margins
of society so that those people can find a place in the world. Is there a
relationship between tricksters and gender and ethnicity? Because of
social biases, gender and ethnicity play a part in creating the trickster
character. Do these tricksters, as Lock asserts, help us “better understand
ourselves, and the perhaps subconscious aspects of ourselves that respond
to the trickster’s unsettling and transformative behavior”? These
trickster characters are key to helping us understand how issues,
otherwise distant or hidden from us, affect our culture and institutions
How? By illustrating both oppressions and the desperate measures people
will go to to avoid discrimination. Or, do these trickster tales and
trickster or trickster-like characters serve another purpose? Which?
19. The Thesis
By comparing twentieth century passing characters’
behaviors to traditional definitions of tricksters, it is
clear modern tricksters exist in our literature as cultural
heroes and teachers. They appear when oppression
squeezes people into the margins of society, forcing those
people to find a safe place in the world; Because of social
biases, gender and ethnicity play a part in creating these
trickster characters, many of whom are key to helping us
understand how issues, otherwise distant or hidden from
us, affect our culture and institutions. These trickster
characters illustrate both oppressive behaviors and the
desperate measures people will go to to escape them.
20. The Prompt: Try it!
For this essay, consider trickster tales and trickster or
trickster-like characters from our reading. Do they meet
the criteria to be categorized as “tricksters”? Which
measuring stick do we use to determine if they do or
not? Who or what are they in a modern society? When
and why do they appear? Is there a relationship between
tricksters and gender and ethnicity? Do these modern
tricksters, as Lock asserts, help us “better understand
ourselves, and the perhaps subconscious aspects of
ourselves that respond to the trickster’s unsettling and
transformative behavior”? How? Or, do these trickster
tales and trickster or trickster-like characters serve
another purpose? Which?
21.
22. Are there remnants of this early definition
of the trickster in our modern day
characters? Which?
“Everywhere one looks among premodern peoples, there
are tricky mythical beings alike enough to entice any
human mind to create a category for them once it had
met two or three. They are beings of the beginning,
working in some complex relationship with the High God;
transformers, helping to bring the present human world
into being; performers of heroic acts on behalf of men,
yet in their original form. or in some later form, foolish,
obscene, laughable, yet indomitable” (Robert D. Pelton,
The Trickster in West Africa 15).
23. Does this definition resonate with us
in terms of our modern trickster
characters? How?
According to [Paul] Radin, “Trickster is at one
and the same time creator and destroyer,
giver and negator, he who dupes others and
who is always duped himself. . . . He
possesses no values, moral or social, is at the
mercy of his passions and appetites, yet
through his actions all values come into
being” (xxiii).
24. Do we see our trickster characters
in this more contemporary
definition? Who?
[The trickster] actually is immoral (or at least amoral)
and blasphemous and rebellious, and his interest in
entering the societal game is not to provide the safetyvalve that makes it tolerable, but to question,
manipulate, and disrupt its rules. He is the consummate
mover of goalposts, constantly redrawing the
boundaries of the possible. In fact, the trickster
suggests, says Hyde, “a method by which a stranger or
underling can enter the game, change its rules, and win
a piece of the action (204)” (Hyde qtd. in Lock).
25. Can we revise this idea to
apply it to our texts or
characters?
“Not just any rogue or anti-hero can properly be termed a
trickster. The true trickster’s trickery calls into question
fundamental assumptions about the way the world is
organized, and reveals the possibility of transforming them
(even if often for ignoble ends). In this regard it is not
surprising that innovative uses have been made of the
modern incarnation of the trickster in American novels
produced by writers of dual ethnic or cultural backgrounds,
in whose worlds boundaries have continually to be mediated
and assumptions challenged” (Lock).
26. Are our modern passers “a more
sophisticated trickster”?
The self-reflexivity associated with the [contemporary
trickster] is absent in the ancient “unconscious”
trickster, like Wakdjunkaga, whose hands fought each
other and who was unaware that his anus was part of
his own body. The contemporary trickster, by
contrast, is largely self-aware, unlike his/her archaic
counterpart. “[T]he pressures of experience produce
from that somewhat witless character a more
sophisticated trickster” (Lock).
27. A New Age of Tricksters?
Are they tricky? Or in
Earnest?
[A] new age brings a transmutation and a new
repertoire of tricks. In fact, we may now have
reached the stage of ultimate ambiguity, where the
trickster’s self-awareness and self-reflexivity call
into question even what is a trick and what is in
earnest, or on what side of the boundary truth lies,
if indeed there are any more “sides” or any
unequivocal truths (Lock).
29. Sui Sin Far, born Edith Maude Eaton, was the first
writer of Asian descent published in North
America
She was born in England, in 1865 to a Chinese
mother and an English (white) father. According to
Eaton scholars, Amy Ling and Annette White-Parks,
"interracial marriage was taboo in both cultures[;
thus,] theirs was an unusual union." At age seven,
Eaton and her family left England and immigrated
to Hudson City, New York, and in the early 1870s,
settled in a Montreal suburb.
30. Eaton started her career at Hugh Graham's Montreal
Daily Star newspaper as a typesetter at age eighteen.
Her first short stories were published in the Dominion
Illustrated in 1888; she also maintained her administrative
duties as well as submitted newspaper articles. It was in her
journalistic writing that Eaton openly identified herself as a
Chinese American and explained her biracial heritage to her
readers. She wrote under the pseudonym Sui Sin Far, a
childhood nickname that means "water lily" in Chinese. Her
sister, Winnifred Eaton, also a writer, used Onoto Watanna as
her penname.
31. Yi Bu Wang Hua
Far gained a literary reputation. Chinese American
women were at the center of much of Eaton's writing,
and she worked to break down cultural stereotypes. In
1913, Eaton, stricken by horrible rheumatism and bad
health, returned to Montreal. She died on April 7, 1914
and is buried in the Protestant Cemetery there. In
gratitude for her work on their behalf, the Chinese
community erected a special headstone on her tomb
inscribed with the characters "Yi bu wang hua" ("The
righteous one does not forget China").
32. A Spiritual Foremother
Eaton has been the subject of two dissertations, a literary
biography, and numerous articles. Notable Sui Sin Far scholars
include S. E. Solberg, Amy Ling, James Doyle, and Annette WhiteParks.
Amy Ling writes, "If we set Sui Sin Far into the context of her
time and place, in late nineteenth-century sinophobic and
imperialistic Euro-American nations, then we admit that for her,
a Eurasian woman who could pass as white, to choose to
champion the Chinese and working-class women and to identify
herself as such, publicly and in print, an act of great
determination and courage."
33. The Reception of Chinese by White Americans
To appreciate the work of Edith Eaton fully, we must discuss its historical
and social context during her period. Though the Chinese were never
enslaved in this country, as were Africans, they were brought here in large
numbers as indentured laborers. The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) was only
repealed in 1943 and naturalized citizenship for Asians was permitted in
1954, long after African-Americans and American Indians were recognized
as American citizens. Initially attracted to California by the discovery of
gold in the mid-nineteenth century, by the l860s thousands of Chinese
laborers were enticed here to construct the mountainous western section
of the transcontinental railroad. Almost from the beginning, prejudice
against them was strong. They were regarded as an alien race with peculiar
customs and habits that made them inassimilable in a nation that wanted
to remain white; their hard-working, frugal ways and their willingness to
work for lower wages than whites rendered them an economic threat and
thus targets of racial violence.
34. Looking Forward
Class 20: Film
Class 21: Discussion of Far and Film
Questions about Essay #4
Self-evaluation directions
Class 22
Exam: Terms (Comprehensive)
Research Essay #4 due
Revision of essay #2 or #3 due
Self-evaluation is due
35. Homework
Reading: Far “Leaves from the Mental Portfolio
of an Eurasian”
Post #27 Outline and thesis for Essay #4
Studying: terms