العوامل التي أثرت على تكوين الحضارة الفرعونية
السمات المعمارية للعمارة المصرية
الفترات التي مرت بها الحضارة
الأعمدة المصرية القديمة
المسلات الفرعونية
النقوش و الرموز
EARLY Kingdom
MID Kingdom
NEW Kingdom
The document discusses the ancient Babylonian civilization and the city of Babylon. It describes how Babylon was the capital city located along the Euphrates River in Mesopotamia. Under King Hammurabi in the 18th century BC, Babylon became the dominant city-state in the region and established itself as a powerful empire. Key aspects of ancient Babylon discussed include the city walls, temples, ziggurats, and other impressive architectural feats such as the Hanging Gardens, built later under King Nebuchadnezzar II.
This PowerPoint was designed to help provide an introduction to ancient Mesopotamia for World History students, with emphasis on writing, geography, and religion.
For more instructional materials, visit www.tomrichey.net!
Mesopotamia was the first civilization in history located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern Iraq, Syria, and surrounding areas. It began as independent Sumerian city-states like Ur and Uruk before being unified under empires like the Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian, and Neo-Babylonian. Mesopotamian society was hierarchical with kings and priests at the top. Their economy was based on irrigated agriculture and they developed writing, mathematics, astronomy, law codes, and architectural achievements like ziggurats and arches. Their polytheistic religion influenced later civilizations.
The document summarizes the early Mesopotamian civilization that developed between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It emerged around 3000 BC and was composed of independent city-states like Ur, Uruk, and Kish that each had their own government and patron god. Sargon of Akkad later created the world's first empire in 2350 BC by conquering the region. The Babylonian Empire then took control around 2000 BC, with King Hammurabi establishing one of the first legal codes. Mesopotamian culture developed writing, the Epic of Gilgamesh, and made advances in religion, society, and government.
Mesopotamia, located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern Iraq, was the site of some of the earliest human civilizations. People first settled there due to natural levees along the rivers that protected against floods while enabling irrigation. Several successive civilizations arose in Mesopotamia over 3000 years, including the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. These civilizations developed systems of writing like cuneiform, advanced mathematics, the wheel, and organized religion centered around temples. Though Mesopotamia faced environmental challenges like flooding and lack of resources, its civilizations left lasting legacies as the cradle of modern civilization.
العوامل التي أثرت على تكوين الحضارة الفرعونية
السمات المعمارية للعمارة المصرية
الفترات التي مرت بها الحضارة
الأعمدة المصرية القديمة
المسلات الفرعونية
النقوش و الرموز
EARLY Kingdom
MID Kingdom
NEW Kingdom
The document discusses the ancient Babylonian civilization and the city of Babylon. It describes how Babylon was the capital city located along the Euphrates River in Mesopotamia. Under King Hammurabi in the 18th century BC, Babylon became the dominant city-state in the region and established itself as a powerful empire. Key aspects of ancient Babylon discussed include the city walls, temples, ziggurats, and other impressive architectural feats such as the Hanging Gardens, built later under King Nebuchadnezzar II.
This PowerPoint was designed to help provide an introduction to ancient Mesopotamia for World History students, with emphasis on writing, geography, and religion.
For more instructional materials, visit www.tomrichey.net!
Mesopotamia was the first civilization in history located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern Iraq, Syria, and surrounding areas. It began as independent Sumerian city-states like Ur and Uruk before being unified under empires like the Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian, and Neo-Babylonian. Mesopotamian society was hierarchical with kings and priests at the top. Their economy was based on irrigated agriculture and they developed writing, mathematics, astronomy, law codes, and architectural achievements like ziggurats and arches. Their polytheistic religion influenced later civilizations.
The document summarizes the early Mesopotamian civilization that developed between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It emerged around 3000 BC and was composed of independent city-states like Ur, Uruk, and Kish that each had their own government and patron god. Sargon of Akkad later created the world's first empire in 2350 BC by conquering the region. The Babylonian Empire then took control around 2000 BC, with King Hammurabi establishing one of the first legal codes. Mesopotamian culture developed writing, the Epic of Gilgamesh, and made advances in religion, society, and government.
Mesopotamia, located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern Iraq, was the site of some of the earliest human civilizations. People first settled there due to natural levees along the rivers that protected against floods while enabling irrigation. Several successive civilizations arose in Mesopotamia over 3000 years, including the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. These civilizations developed systems of writing like cuneiform, advanced mathematics, the wheel, and organized religion centered around temples. Though Mesopotamia faced environmental challenges like flooding and lack of resources, its civilizations left lasting legacies as the cradle of modern civilization.
1. السنـة الولى مـادة الجتماعيـات
المحور الول: 1 وحدة التـاريخ
حضارة بلد الرافديـن
مقدمـة :
تعتبر حضارة بلد الرافدين تراثا غنيا ومتنوعا.
-فما هو موطن هذه الحضارة؟
-وما هي أبرز محطاتها التاريخية؟
-وما هي أهم إنتاجاتها؟
– Іنشأت حضارة بلد الرافدين ومحطاتها التاريخية:
1 ـ ظهرت حضارة بلد الرافدين بين دجلة والفرات:
نشأت حضارة بلد الرافدين شــمال شــرق حــوض البحــر المتوســط
على نهري دجلة والفرات فسميت باسم الرافدين.
تميزت هذه المنطقة بخصوبة التربة الناتجة عن فيضانات نهــري دجلــة
والفرات والتي سميت بمنطقة الهلل الخصيب.
2 ـ مرت حضارة بلد الرافدين بعدة محطات تاريخية:
ظهــرت حضــارة بلد الرافــدين حــوالي 0053 ق.م، ويعتــبر حمـورابي
ـ
أهم ملك طبع محطات تاريخ المنطقة، الــتي ســتتعرض للحتلل الشــوري
والفارسي ما بين 0011 و 003 ق.م.
– ІІتعددت المظاهر الحضارية لبلد الرافدين:
1 ـ الكتابة المسمارية:
يعتــبر اخــتراع الكتابــة المســمارية مــن أبــرز مظــاهر حضــارة بلد
الرافدين، وقد انتقلت من المرحلة التصويرية إلى مرحلة الترميز.
سـاهمت الكتابـة المسـمارية علـى خلـق فئة مـن الكتـاب ذات نفـوذ
ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ
سياسي كبير، كما ساعدت الملوك على تنظيم المجتمــع وتســيير شــؤون
البلد، كما أنها مكنت من تدوين الساطير القديمة واستمرارها.
2 ـ قانون حمورابي:
يعتبر قانون حمورابي من أهم الق ـوانين المدون ـة ال ـتي عرفته ـا بلد
ـ ـ ـ ـ
الرافدين بعد اللف الرابع ق.م، ورغم قساوة بعض بنوده وخـدمته فقـط لفئة
معينة داخل المجتمع فقد مكن م ـن اس ـتمرارية الحك ـم الب ـابلي إل ـى حي ـن
ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ
تعرضه للغزو الشوري.
3 ـ المجمتع البابلي:
http://mowahadi.blogspot.com
1