The document discusses troop leading procedures (TLP) for expeditionary engineering missions. It describes the eight steps of TLP as: 1) receive mission, 2) issue warning order, 3) make a tentative plan, 4) initiate movement, 5) conduct reconnaissance, 6) complete the plan, 7) issue operations order, and 8) supervise and refine the plan. Key aspects of TLP include developing a tentative plan using METT-TC analysis, issuing warning orders and operations orders in five-paragraph format, and continuously supervising preparations through rehearsals.

1. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g
USAF Civil Engineering
Troop Leading Procedures

2. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 2
Overview
THE TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES ARE THE
DYNAMIC PROCESSES BY WHICH A LEADER
RECEIVES, PLANS AND EXECUTES A MISSION:
1. RECEIVE MISSION
2. ISSUE WARNING ORDER
3. MAKE A TENTATIVE PLAN
4. INITIATE MOVEMENT
5. CONDUCT RECON
6. COMPLETE THE PLAN
7. ISSUE OPORD
8. SUPERVISE, REFINE, REHEARSE
• The order of steps 1-3 do not change
• Steps 4-7 are interchangeable.
• Step 8 occurs throughout the process.

3. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 3
Overview
EIGHT STEPS

4. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 4
TLP - STEP 1
 Conduct an initial *METT-TC analysis (* METT-TC to be explained)
 Determine the time available from mission receipt to execution
 Determine the useable time available to both you and your subordinates.
 Identify Critical Times such as:
 Start Point (SP)
 Rehearsals
 Reconnaissance
 Initiate Movement
 Anticipated Enemy Actions
 Quick Map Reconnaissance
 Backwards Planning
RECEIVE THE MISSION

5. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 5
TLP – STEP 2
ISSUE THE WARNO
 Provides advanced notice to your unit of upcoming operation
 Provides as much information as possible to allow subordinates to begin parallel planning
and preparation
 Does not sacrifice time to gain more information
 Issued to subordinate and supporting units
 Use five-paragraph format (ref: FM 101-5 and example in student handout)
 Situation (General, Enemy, Friendly, Weather, Light Data)
 Mission Statement (Who, What, When, Where, Why)
 Execution (Commander’s Intent, Key Tasks, End State, Concept of Operations, Tasks to
Subordinate Units, and Coordinating Instructions)
 Service and Support (aka. Logisitics and Administration)
 Command and Control (aka. Command and Signal)

6. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 6
TLP – STEP 3
MAKE A TENTATIVE PLAN
 Develop estimate of the situation
 Detailed mission / situation analysis
 Course of action development
 Analysis of each course of action
 Comparison of each course of action
 Decision (tentative plan)
 The leader updates the estimate continuously and refines the plan
accordingly.

7. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 7
TLP – STEP 3
MAKE A TENTATIVE PLAN – METT-TC
 Mission. As given by the commander. Analyzes commander's intent two
command levels higher. Determines essential tasks the unit must perform in
order to accomplish the mission.
 Enemy. Type, size, organization, tactics, and equipment of the enemy
expected to be encountered. Identifies greatest threat to the mission.
Identifies greatest vulnerability to enemy.
 Terrain. The leader considers the effect of terrain and weather on enemy and
friendly forces using OCOKA:
 Observation and fields of fire
 Cover and concealment
 Obstacles
 Key terrain
 Avenues of approach

8. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 8
TLP – STEP 3
MAKE A TENTATIVE PLAN – METT-TC
 Troops available. Consider strength of subordinate units, characteristics of
weapon systems, and capabilities of attached elements as tasks are
assigned to subordinate units.
 Time available. Refine allocation of time based on tentative plan and any
changes to the situation.
 Civilian Considerations. Consider displaced civilians that may be
encountered during operations. Leader must determine actions to take if
civilians are on the battlefield.

9. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 9
TLP – STEP 4
INITIATE MOVEMENT
 May occur at any point in the Troop Leading Process
 Includes movement to positions closer to LD, initial inspections,
reconnaissance, battle drill rehearsals or SOP items
 If the reconnaissance reveals a change in the situation, the plan must be
adjusted accordingly
 The steps do not have to be accomplished in order

10. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 10
TLP – STEP 5
RECONNITER
 Reconnaissance is used to confirm terrain and/or enemy analysis and
tactical options
 Situation and time available dictate the type and detail of reconnaissance
 Map, terrain model, aerial photo, ground
 Plan and conduct a leader’s reconnaissance for every mission
 Consider risk inherent in moving forward of friendly lines, or into
unoccupied area

11. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 11
TLP – STEP 6
COMPLETE THE PLAN
 Develop OPORD
 Tentative plan
 Reconnaissance
 Additional guidance
 Review plan
 Satisfy Commander’s mission and intent
 Alter tentative plan if needed
 Reconnaissance
 Changes to current situation
 Use 5-paragraph format used in WARNO
 Content is key factor – KISS principle
 OPORD provides all details – expands on WARNO
– necessary for to complete mission IAW CC intent

12. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 12
FRAGO 5 Paragraph Example

13. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 13
FRAGO 5 Paragraph Example
Cont.

14. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 14
TLP – STEP 7
ISSUE OPERATIONS ORDER (OPORD)
 Issue face to face if physically possible
 Usually done as a briefing
 Can be in written format for larger units (Squadron
and above sized units)
 Issue while observing the combat area if possible
 Supplements to OPORDs
 Terrain models
 Sand Table
 Map boards/Overlays
 Sketches
 Fire Support Matrix
 All subordinates must understand the plan
 Use briefbacks

15. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 15
TLP – STEP 8
SUPERVISE PLANNING AND PREPARATIONS
 Confirmation Briefs
 Check
 Inspect
 Rehearse
 Coordinate
 Refine

16. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 16
TLP – STEP 8
SUPERVISE PLANNING AND PREPARATIONS
 Must be habitual during training in order to effectively employ units tactically
 Clarifies Commander’s intent
 Reinforces scheme of maneuver
 Ensures understanding and instills confidence in participants
 Provides feedback and exposes problems in the plan

17. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 17
TLP – STEP 8
SUPERVISE PLANNING AND PREPARATIONS
 Pre-Combat Inspections (PCIs)
 Weapons and ammo: test fire
 Uniforms and equipment
 Mission Essential Equipment
 Troops understanding of mission and their specific responsibilities
 Communications: radios, frequencies, batteries
 Rations and water
 Camouflage; personnel and equipment

18. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 18
Summary
1. RECEIVE MISSION
2. ISSUE WARNING ORDER
3. MAKE A TENTATIVE PLAN
4. INITIATE MOVEMENT
5. CONDUCT RECON
6. COMPLETE THE PLAN
7. ISSUE OPORD
8. SUPERVISE, REFINE, REHEARSE

19. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g 19
Questions?
“In preparing for battle I have always found that plans are
useless, but planning is indispensable.”
-- Gen Dwight D. Eisenhower

20. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g
USAF Civil Engineering
Convoy Operations
What, Why, Whom, & When Trained

21. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g
What is a CONVOY and why is
it needed?
 A group of vehicles organized for the purpose of
control and orderly movement with or without escort
protection that moves over the same route at the
same time and under one commander
 The purpose of a convoy is a logistical movement of
assets from one point to another.
 This is a preferred method of movement when
accountability, protection, and/or timeliness must be
maintained
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22. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g
Convoys and the AF
 In the current Afghanistan AOR, the AF does not own
any convoys with the exception of specialized units.
 AF personnel may be part of Convoys that are under the
control of the ARMY or other service.
 If AF personnel are to be used in Convoy they should
receive training from venues such as Power Projection
Platforms (PPP) or with in the AOR.
 As leaders we must ensure we do not expose troops to
dangers they are not trained for.
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23. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g
Considerations for any Convoy
 Route/Accessibility/Timing/Fuel/Hazards
 Always consider road conditions and restrictions, fuel
consumption, time required to traverse
 Convoy Speeds dictated by:
 Vehicles, driver’s ability, weather, road conditions, law
 Vehicle Recovery
 Know how to recover and requirements for abandoning
 Communications
 Convoy CC, Vehicle CC, Driver, CC Centers, sectors of
response/support
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24. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g
Considerations for Convoy
under Combat Conditions
 Still have same consideration as you would in Non-
combat but with the addition of:
 Enemy threat
 IEDs, VIEDs, IDF, DF, local population, ROEs,
 Defense
 Weapon systems, Armor, Safe havens, Cleared routes
 CAS, QRF, Sector support, INTEL
 Call in support and/or report threats, breaking contact
 Communications
 Convoy CC, Vehicle CC, Driver, CC Centers, sectors of
response/support
 YOU MUST BE TRAINED FOR COMBAT CONVOY
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25. E x p e d i t i o n a r y E n g i n e e r i n g
Summary
 What is a convoy and why is it done
 AF does not own convoys in AOR
 Personnel must be trained prior to convoying (PPP)
 Considerations for convoying
 Considerations for convoying under Combat
conditions
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