053 histologic evidence of spio accumulation in vulnerable plaques
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This study examined the accumulation of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. In vitro experiments demonstrated that human macrophages actively take up fluorescent-labeled SPIO particles over 24 hours in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In vivo studies in mice and rabbit models of atherosclerosis found SPIO particles in macrophage-rich areas of plaques, with a strong correlation between iron staining and foam cell density. Cytokine treatment increased SPIO uptake in plaques. The results suggest MRI using SPIO has potential for noninvasively assessing monocyte recruitment in vulnerable plaques.
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051 plaque inflam detection in atherosclerotic rabbits
051 plaque inflam detection in atherosclerotic rabbitsSociety for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
This document proposes a non-invasive method using SPIO (super paramagnetic iron oxide) nanoparticles to image macrophage infiltration and inflammation in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Rabbits and mice were injected with SPIO, which accumulated in macrophage-rich areas of plaques. MR imaging found SPIO accumulation correlated with macrophage density in plaques. Inflamed plaques in hypercholesterolemic rabbits showed enhanced SPIO signals compared to normal rabbits, demonstrating SPIO-enhanced MRI can identify inflammation in vulnerable plaques.Acc presentation macrophage (1)
This document proposes a non-invasive method using SPIO (super paramagnetic iron oxide) nanoparticles to image macrophage infiltration and inflammation in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Rabbits and mice were injected with SPIO, which accumulated in inflamed plaque areas correlated with macrophage density. SPIO-enhanced MRI then successfully identified these inflamed plaques non-invasively in vivo. This technique could provide a way to detect rupture-prone plaques and better understand plaque vulnerability.
Introducing a novel model
1) Researchers studied a novel method for quantifying and tracking macrophage homing into atherosclerotic plaques using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO).
2) They injected SPIO into ApoE-deficient mice with and without proinflammatory cytokines and found higher iron content and more macrophages in plaques of cytokine-treated mice using histology and mass spectrometry.
3) This demonstrates that SPIO allows both quantitative and qualitative assessment of macrophage infiltration and shows infiltration is enhanced by cytokines, suggesting SPIO-enhanced MRI could noninvasively monitor monocyte recruitment dynamics into plaques over time.
Esc macrophage homing
1) Researchers studied a novel method for quantifying and tracking macrophage homing into atherosclerotic plaques using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO).
2) They injected SPIO into ApoE-deficient mice, some of which also received proinflammatory cytokines, and tracked iron uptake in plaques over time.
3) Both quantitative iron assays and staining showed greater iron and macrophage presence in plaques of cytokine-treated mice, demonstrating SPIO can monitor macrophage recruitment influenced by inflammation. This noninvasive MRI-based method may help study monocyte involvement in atherosclerosis.
Aha2001
1) This study investigated the use of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect active inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
2) In mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis, SPIO accumulated in macrophage-rich areas of plaques and enhanced MRI detected these plaques after SPIO injection compared to baseline.
3) A human clinical trial is currently underway to evaluate if SPIO-enhanced MRI can detect vulnerable carotid plaques by identifying inflammation, using histology as a reference standard.
Aha 2001 presentation maziar
1) This study investigated the use of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect active inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
2) In mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis, SPIO accumulated in atherosclerotic lesions and correlated with histological markers of inflammation.
3) MRI of plaques in these animals showed changes after SPIO injection, indicating SPIO can help identify actively inflamed plaques.
4) A current human clinical trial is evaluating if SPIO-enhanced MRI can detect vulnerable carotid plaques by comparing MRI to histology of plaques removed in surgery.
031
1) This study investigated the use of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect active inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
2) In mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis, SPIO accumulated in atherosclerotic lesions and correlated with histological markers of inflammation.
3) MRI of plaques in these animals showed changes after SPIO injection, indicating SPIO may help identify plaques with active inflammation.
4) A current human clinical trial is evaluating SPIO-enhanced MRI for detecting vulnerable carotid plaques by comparing MRI to histology of plaques removed in surgery.
Detection of vp by mri after spio maziar
1) This study investigated the use of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect active inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
2) In mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis, SPIO accumulated in atherosclerotic lesions and correlated with histological markers of inflammation.
3) MRI of plaques in these animals showed changes after SPIO injection, indicating SPIO can help identify actively inflamed plaques.
4) A current human clinical trial is evaluating if SPIO-enhanced MRI can detect vulnerable carotid plaques by comparing MRI to histology of plaques removed in surgery.
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051 plaque inflam detection in atherosclerotic rabbits
051 plaque inflam detection in atherosclerotic rabbitsSociety for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
This document proposes a non-invasive method using SPIO (super paramagnetic iron oxide) nanoparticles to image macrophage infiltration and inflammation in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Rabbits and mice were injected with SPIO, which accumulated in macrophage-rich areas of plaques. MR imaging found SPIO accumulation correlated with macrophage density in plaques. Inflamed plaques in hypercholesterolemic rabbits showed enhanced SPIO signals compared to normal rabbits, demonstrating SPIO-enhanced MRI can identify inflammation in vulnerable plaques.Acc presentation macrophage (1)
This document proposes a non-invasive method using SPIO (super paramagnetic iron oxide) nanoparticles to image macrophage infiltration and inflammation in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Rabbits and mice were injected with SPIO, which accumulated in inflamed plaque areas correlated with macrophage density. SPIO-enhanced MRI then successfully identified these inflamed plaques non-invasively in vivo. This technique could provide a way to detect rupture-prone plaques and better understand plaque vulnerability.
Introducing a novel model
1) Researchers studied a novel method for quantifying and tracking macrophage homing into atherosclerotic plaques using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO).
2) They injected SPIO into ApoE-deficient mice with and without proinflammatory cytokines and found higher iron content and more macrophages in plaques of cytokine-treated mice using histology and mass spectrometry.
3) This demonstrates that SPIO allows both quantitative and qualitative assessment of macrophage infiltration and shows infiltration is enhanced by cytokines, suggesting SPIO-enhanced MRI could noninvasively monitor monocyte recruitment dynamics into plaques over time.
Esc macrophage homing
1) Researchers studied a novel method for quantifying and tracking macrophage homing into atherosclerotic plaques using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO).
2) They injected SPIO into ApoE-deficient mice, some of which also received proinflammatory cytokines, and tracked iron uptake in plaques over time.
3) Both quantitative iron assays and staining showed greater iron and macrophage presence in plaques of cytokine-treated mice, demonstrating SPIO can monitor macrophage recruitment influenced by inflammation. This noninvasive MRI-based method may help study monocyte involvement in atherosclerosis.
Aha2001
1) This study investigated the use of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect active inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
2) In mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis, SPIO accumulated in macrophage-rich areas of plaques and enhanced MRI detected these plaques after SPIO injection compared to baseline.
3) A human clinical trial is currently underway to evaluate if SPIO-enhanced MRI can detect vulnerable carotid plaques by identifying inflammation, using histology as a reference standard.
Aha 2001 presentation maziar
1) This study investigated the use of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect active inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
2) In mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis, SPIO accumulated in atherosclerotic lesions and correlated with histological markers of inflammation.
3) MRI of plaques in these animals showed changes after SPIO injection, indicating SPIO can help identify actively inflamed plaques.
4) A current human clinical trial is evaluating if SPIO-enhanced MRI can detect vulnerable carotid plaques by comparing MRI to histology of plaques removed in surgery.
031
1) This study investigated the use of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect active inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
2) In mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis, SPIO accumulated in atherosclerotic lesions and correlated with histological markers of inflammation.
3) MRI of plaques in these animals showed changes after SPIO injection, indicating SPIO may help identify plaques with active inflammation.
4) A current human clinical trial is evaluating SPIO-enhanced MRI for detecting vulnerable carotid plaques by comparing MRI to histology of plaques removed in surgery.
Detection of vp by mri after spio maziar
1) This study investigated the use of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect active inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
2) In mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis, SPIO accumulated in atherosclerotic lesions and correlated with histological markers of inflammation.
3) MRI of plaques in these animals showed changes after SPIO injection, indicating SPIO can help identify actively inflamed plaques.
4) A current human clinical trial is evaluating if SPIO-enhanced MRI can detect vulnerable carotid plaques by comparing MRI to histology of plaques removed in surgery.
Plaque inflammation in atherosclerotic rabbits
This document summarizes a study investigating the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect plaque inflammation. The researchers hypothesized that SPIO would be taken up by macrophages in inflamed plaques and alter MRI signals. They injected SPIO into atherosclerotic and normal rabbits and mice. Histological analysis found SPIO accumulated in areas with many macrophages. MRI detected enhanced signals in inflamed plaques of atherosclerotic rabbits post-SPIO injection. The study demonstrates SPIO-enhanced MRI can non-invasively identify inflamed, rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaques by detecting macrophage infiltration.
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003 - part2
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The document reports on several histopathologic and MRI studies using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) to label and detect macrophages in mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis. The studies demonstrated that SPIO accumulated in higher concentrations in atherosclerotic plaques compared to normal vessel walls, allowed visualization of plaque macrophages by darkening plaques on MRI after SPIO injection, and correlated with macrophage counts on histology. SPIO was also used to detect changes in plaque macrophages in response to treatments like cytokine injection.Zebrafish
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- Analysis of renal corpuscles and tubules in ephrin knockout mice found no significant differences compared to wildtype mice, except a very small reduction in glomerular size in ephrin-A5 knockout mice.
- The subtle phenotype and infrequent kidney failure in the breeding colony suggest ephrin-A2 and ephrin-A5 play only minor roles in kidney development and function. Redundancy with other ephrin family members may compensate for their loss.
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2. The questions cover topics like Newton's rings, ATP production, blood flow rate, water purification, bone and organ anatomy, cell structures, genetic mutations, and gas laws.
3. The document provides answers to some questions and discussions on questions asked to help review for similar exams.
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This document discusses a novel tracer for MRI imaging of macrophage infiltration in atherosclerotic plaque. It summarizes research into lipid-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) that are phagocytosed by macrophages. The researchers tested various SPIO coatings and sizes to maximize macrophage uptake while minimizing oxidative stress. Lipid-coated SPIOs combined with certain aminoglycans showed the highest uptake and lowest induction of reactive oxygen species. The goal is to develop an MRI contrast agent that can noninvasively image vulnerable, inflamed plaques by detecting macrophage presence.
261 molecular genetics and micro arrays
This document summarizes several studies that used microarray technology to analyze gene expression in cardiovascular tissues and cells:
1) Studies analyzed atherosclerotic lesions and correlated gene expression with the vulnerability and pathogenesis of lesions.
2) Other studies analyzed gene expression changes in cardiac growth, development, and response to injury as well as during viral infection.
3) Gene expression in vascular cells and tissues was also analyzed in response to mechanical stress, inflammation, and other cardiovascular conditions like atherosclerosis and hypertension.
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This document summarizes research on using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to characterize coronary plaques. OCT uses near-infrared light to generate high-resolution cross-sectional images of tissue microstructure. Researchers studied 357 arterial segments ex vivo using OCT and validated plaque types (fibrous, calcific, lipid-rich) against histology with high accuracy. A pilot clinical study of 10 patients found OCT feasible and safe for in vivo coronary imaging before and after percutaneous coronary intervention, identifying a variety of plaque types and stent appositions. While blood obstruction and motion artifacts posed challenges, the results support further evaluation of OCT as a potential "optical biopsy" tool.
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This document discusses the use of DNA microarrays in studying vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. It provides background on atherosclerosis and plaque rupture. DNA microarrays allow high-throughput analysis of gene and protein expression, which can provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying plaque vulnerability. One study used microarrays to analyze gene expression differences between ruptured and stable plaques, identifying perilipin as upregulated in ruptured plaques. However, microarray analysis of atherosclerosis is still in its early stages with many technical challenges to address.
1 spio-mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003
This document discusses non-invasive imaging of macrophages for detection of vulnerable plaque using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ultrasmall particles of iron oxide (USPIO). USPIOs are taken up by macrophages and shorten MRI relaxation time, allowing visualization of macrophage activity. Studies show USPIO uptake correlates with macrophage density and plaque inflammation in animal models. While MRI can identify plaque inflammation, limitations include poor resolution for coronary imaging and high cost compared to alternatives.
197 reducing atherosclerosis in mice
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1) D-form peptides had dramatically elevated serum half-lives compared to L-form peptides.
2) Orally administered D-form peptides were effectively delivered and retained biological activity, reducing atherosclerotic lesions in mice.
3) One D-form peptide (D-4F) significantly reduced aortic root lesion area and surface oxidation in mice.
No correlation and low agreement of imaging and inflammatory atherosclerosis’...
Presented by:
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054 vulnerable plaques and vulnerable patients
This document outlines guidelines for defining vulnerable plaques and vulnerable patients from the Association for Eradication of Heart Attack. It discusses how atherosclerotic diseases are not limited to developed countries and are a major cause of death worldwide. Vulnerable plaques, myocardium, and hypercoagulable blood can lead to sudden cardiac death and heart attacks. The document proposes histological and clinical criteria for defining vulnerable plaques and screening methods. It also discusses diagnosing plaque inflammation, thin caps, endothelial dysfunction, and other factors at both the plaque and systemic level.
244 importance of vascular remodelling
Shear stress regulation and vascular remodeling in response to changes in blood flow were found to differ significantly between rat strains. A study examining the effects of chronic flow alteration in the carotid arteries of genetically hypertensive (GH) rats and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHR-SP) rats identified the SHR-SP strain as poor regulators of shear stress compared to the GH strain. These findings suggest the strains have differential sensitivity to blood flow changes and differences in the mechanisms mediating vascular adaptation and remodeling. Further research using this model may help identify key genes involved in flow-mediated processes and remodeling, providing novel therapeutic targets for diseases involving vascular remodeling.
228 crp, is it a risk factor not a risk marker
This document summarizes several studies on C-reactive protein (CRP) and its role in atherosclerosis. It finds that CRP is an active player in atherosclerosis rather than just a risk marker. CRP was found to directly promote endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression, macrophage LDL uptake, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 secretion. Blocking CRP's effects through endothelin receptor antagonism or interleukin-6 inhibition reduced these proatherogenic effects. Therefore, CRP may directly facilitate the inflammatory process in atherosclerosis and represent a potential therapeutic target for reducing cardiovascular risk.
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Plaque inflammation in atherosclerotic rabbits
This document summarizes a study investigating the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect plaque inflammation. The researchers hypothesized that SPIO would be taken up by macrophages in inflamed plaques and alter MRI signals. They injected SPIO into atherosclerotic and normal rabbits and mice. Histological analysis found SPIO accumulated in areas with many macrophages. MRI detected enhanced signals in inflamed plaques of atherosclerotic rabbits post-SPIO injection. The study demonstrates SPIO-enhanced MRI can non-invasively identify inflamed, rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaques by detecting macrophage infiltration.
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003 - part2
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The document reports on several histopathologic and MRI studies using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) to label and detect macrophages in mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis. The studies demonstrated that SPIO accumulated in higher concentrations in atherosclerotic plaques compared to normal vessel walls, allowed visualization of plaque macrophages by darkening plaques on MRI after SPIO injection, and correlated with macrophage counts on histology. SPIO was also used to detect changes in plaque macrophages in response to treatments like cytokine injection.Zebrafish
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This quiz document contains 10 multiple choice questions testing knowledge about various aspects of human biology and chemistry. The questions cover topics like the pH of human blood, the rarest blood group, the number of human chromosomes, the acid in vinegar, the longest bone in the body, the part of the brain affected by alcohol, the largest organ in the body, the process by which plants convert sunlight into food, the term for the death of an entire species, and the famous microbiologist after which pasteurization is named.
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- Analysis of renal corpuscles and tubules in ephrin knockout mice found no significant differences compared to wildtype mice, except a very small reduction in glomerular size in ephrin-A5 knockout mice.
- The subtle phenotype and infrequent kidney failure in the breeding colony suggest ephrin-A2 and ephrin-A5 play only minor roles in kidney development and function. Redundancy with other ephrin family members may compensate for their loss.
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Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003 - part2
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1) Studies analyzed atherosclerotic lesions and correlated gene expression with the vulnerability and pathogenesis of lesions.
2) Other studies analyzed gene expression changes in cardiac growth, development, and response to injury as well as during viral infection.
3) Gene expression in vascular cells and tissues was also analyzed in response to mechanical stress, inflammation, and other cardiovascular conditions like atherosclerosis and hypertension.
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This document discusses non-invasive imaging of macrophages for detection of vulnerable plaque using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ultrasmall particles of iron oxide (USPIO). USPIOs are taken up by macrophages and shorten MRI relaxation time, allowing visualization of macrophage activity. Studies show USPIO uptake correlates with macrophage density and plaque inflammation in animal models. While MRI can identify plaque inflammation, limitations include poor resolution for coronary imaging and high cost compared to alternatives.
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The document describes research showing that D-stereoisomers of apo A-I mimetic peptides, when given orally to mice, can reduce atherosclerosis. Specifically, it was found that:
1) D-form peptides had dramatically elevated serum half-lives compared to L-form peptides.
2) Orally administered D-form peptides were effectively delivered and retained biological activity, reducing atherosclerotic lesions in mice.
3) One D-form peptide (D-4F) significantly reduced aortic root lesion area and surface oxidation in mice.
No correlation and low agreement of imaging and inflammatory atherosclerosis’...
Presented by:
Lilton R.C. Martinez MD, Marcio H. Miname MD, Luiz A. Bortolotto MD, Ana P.M. Chacra MD, Carlos E. Rochitte MD, Andrei C. Sposito MD, Raul D. Santos MD,PhD.
054 vulnerable plaques and vulnerable patients
This document outlines guidelines for defining vulnerable plaques and vulnerable patients from the Association for Eradication of Heart Attack. It discusses how atherosclerotic diseases are not limited to developed countries and are a major cause of death worldwide. Vulnerable plaques, myocardium, and hypercoagulable blood can lead to sudden cardiac death and heart attacks. The document proposes histological and clinical criteria for defining vulnerable plaques and screening methods. It also discusses diagnosing plaque inflammation, thin caps, endothelial dysfunction, and other factors at both the plaque and systemic level.
244 importance of vascular remodelling
Shear stress regulation and vascular remodeling in response to changes in blood flow were found to differ significantly between rat strains. A study examining the effects of chronic flow alteration in the carotid arteries of genetically hypertensive (GH) rats and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHR-SP) rats identified the SHR-SP strain as poor regulators of shear stress compared to the GH strain. These findings suggest the strains have differential sensitivity to blood flow changes and differences in the mechanisms mediating vascular adaptation and remodeling. Further research using this model may help identify key genes involved in flow-mediated processes and remodeling, providing novel therapeutic targets for diseases involving vascular remodeling.
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258 dr renu virmani
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152 spio photographs
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257 inhibition of atherosclerosis in mice
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073 collagenases vs collagen
This document discusses research on the roles of collagen and collagenases in atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability. It presents several hypotheses: 1) that human and experimental plaques contain collagenases, 2) that lipid lowering improves features associated with vulnerability by reducing macrophages and collagenase expression while increasing collagen, and 3) that collagenolysis regulates collagen accumulation in plaques of genetically altered mice. Several studies are described that provide evidence supporting these hypotheses, finding that collagenases are expressed in human and animal plaques, lipid lowering reduces vulnerability features in rabbits by altering collagenase and collagen levels, and collagenase-resistant mice have altered collagen in plaques. The research suggests collagenases critically regulate collagen metabolism in plaques and their clinical complications.
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1 spio-mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003
1 spio-mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003
No correlation and low agreement of imaging and inflammatory atherosclerosis’...
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130 mri assessment of human atherosclerotic disease
130 mri assessment of human atherosclerotic disease
Similar to 053 histologic evidence of spio accumulation in vulnerable plaques
031
1) This study investigated the use of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI to detect active inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques.
2) In mouse and rabbit models of atherosclerosis, SPIO accumulated in atherosclerotic lesions and correlated with histological markers of inflammation.
3) MRI of plaques in these animals showed changes after SPIO injection, indicating SPIO can help identify actively inflamed plaques.
4) A current human clinical trial is evaluating if SPIO-enhanced MRI can detect vulnerable carotid plaques by comparing MRI to histology of plaques removed in surgery.
040 center for vulnerable plaque research
This document discusses research on using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) as MRI contrast agents to detect vulnerable plaque. In vitro and animal studies show that macrophages engulf SPIOs, which then accumulate in inflamed plaques and decrease the MRI signal. Histological analysis confirms iron particle presence correlates with macrophage density. MRI of atherosclerotic rabbits after SPIO injection shows darker aortic walls with many iron particles compared to controls. This non-invasive method may help identify vulnerable plaque.
Dr n's presentation at nano vivo seminar
This document discusses vulnerable plaque detection using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI. It describes how SPIOs are taken up by macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques, decreasing the MRI signal and allowing plaque visualization. Studies in mice and rabbits show SPIO uptake correlates with plaque inflammation and macrophage content on histology. MRI of rabbits post-SPIO injection detected more signal decrease in hypercholesterolemic rabbits versus controls, indicating potential to identify vulnerable plaque.
040 center for vulnerable plaque research
This document discusses vulnerable plaque detection using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI. It describes how SPIOs are taken up by macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques, decreasing the MRI signal and allowing plaque visualization. Studies in mice and rabbits show SPIO uptake correlates with plaque inflammation and macrophage content on histology. MRI of rabbits post-SPIO injection detected more signal decrease in hypercholesterolemic rabbits compared to controls, indicating potential to identify vulnerable plaque.
052 non invasive high resolution detection
1) The document discusses a study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect active atherosclerotic plaque in mice after injection of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles.
2) The study found that SPIO nanoparticles were taken up by macrophages within inflamed plaques, darkening the plaques on MRI.
3) Histological analysis confirmed iron particle presence in plaques, correlated with macrophage density and plaque inflammation. This non-invasive MRI method after SPIO injection shows promise for detecting vulnerable human plaques.
052 non invasive high resolution detection
1) The document discusses a study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect active atherosclerotic plaque in mice after injection of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles.
2) The study found that SPIO nanoparticles were taken up by macrophages within atherosclerotic plaques, darkening the plaques on post-injection MRI scans.
3) Histological analysis confirmed iron particle presence within plaques that correlated with macrophage density, supporting MRI's ability to detect plaque inflammation.
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi
1) The document discusses a study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect active atherosclerotic plaque in mice after injection of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles.
2) The study found that SPIO nanoparticles were taken up by macrophages within atherosclerotic plaques, darkening the plaques on post-injection MRI scans.
3) Histological analysis confirmed iron particle presence within plaques that correlated with macrophage density, supporting MRI's ability to detect plaque inflammation.
Acc presentation macrophage (1)
This document proposes a non-invasive method using SPIO (super paramagnetic iron oxide) nanoparticles to image macrophage infiltration and inflammation in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Rabbits and mice were injected with SPIO, which accumulated in inflamed plaque areas correlated with macrophage density. SPIO-enhanced MRI then successfully identified these inflamed plaques non-invasively in vivo. This technique could provide a way to detect rupture-prone plaques and better understand plaque vulnerability.
051 plaque inflam detection in atherosclerotic rabbits
This document proposes a non-invasive method using SPIO (super paramagnetic iron oxide) nanoparticles to image macrophage infiltration and inflammation in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Rabbits and mice were injected with SPIO, which accumulated in macrophage-rich areas of plaques. MR imaging found SPIO accumulation correlated with macrophage density in plaques. Ex-vivo studies of rabbit aortas also demonstrated SPIO accumulation in inflamed plaques. The authors conclude SPIO-enhanced MRI can non-invasively identify inflamed, vulnerable plaques prone to rupture.
Acc presentation (1)
This document describes a study that introduces a non-invasive method for imaging macrophage infiltration in inflamed atherosclerotic plaques using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and MRI. The researchers injected SPIO into hypercholesterolemic and normal rabbits and found that SPIO profoundly accumulated in areas of macrophage infiltration in the atherosclerotic plaques, as confirmed by histology. SPIO-enhanced MRI was able to identify these inflamed plaques non-invasively. The results suggest SPIO-enhanced MRI can be a novel method for detecting rupture-prone inflamed plaques associated with heart attacks and strokes.
Acc presentation (1)
This document discusses a study evaluating the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles to non-invasively image macrophage infiltration in atherosclerotic plaques via MRI. Researchers injected SPIO into hypercholesterolemic and normal rabbits and found SPIO accumulation correlated with macrophage density in plaques, as observed via histology. SPIO-enhanced MRI identified inflamed plaques in hypercholesterolemic rabbits compared to normal rabbits. The study demonstrates SPIO nanoparticles can be used to non-invasively detect active inflammation in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
Acc presentation lipid coated(2)
This document discusses a novel tracer for MRI imaging of macrophage infiltration in atherosclerotic plaque. It summarizes research into lipid-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) that are phagocytosed by macrophages. The researchers tested various SPIO coatings and sizes to maximize macrophage uptake while minimizing oxidative stress. Lipid-coated SPIOs combined with certain aminoglycans showed the highest uptake and lowest induction of reactive oxygen species. The goal is to develop an MRI contrast agent that can noninvasively image vulnerable, inflamed plaques by detecting macrophage presence.
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - presented to ge-amersham
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - presented to ge-amershamSociety for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
This document discusses non-invasive imaging of vulnerable plaque using macrophage targeting contrast agents such as superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles. SPIO nanoparticles are engulfed by macrophages and accumulate in inflamed plaques, shortening MRI relaxation times and allowing identification of active plaques. Studies in animal models demonstrate the feasibility of SPIO-enhanced MRI for detecting vulnerable plaque. However, limitations include the need to balance morphology and activity imaging, as well as poor resolution for coronary applications and the cost and complexity of SPIO injection and delayed imaging.Spio mri studies by dr naghavi-presented to ge-amersham
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi-presented to ge-amershamSociety for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
This document discusses non-invasive imaging of vulnerable plaque using macrophage imaging with targeted contrast agents such as superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles. SPIO nanoparticles are engulfed by macrophages and accumulate in inflamed plaques, shortening MRI relaxation times and allowing identification of active versus inactive plaques. Studies in animal models demonstrate the feasibility of SPIO-enhanced MRI for detecting vulnerable plaques. However, limitations include the need for further improvements in spatial and temporal resolution for coronary applications as well as the added cost and complexity compared to alternative diagnostic methods.1 spio-mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003
1 spio-mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003Society for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
This document discusses non-invasive imaging of macrophages for detection of vulnerable plaque using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ultrasmall particles of iron oxide (USPIO). USPIOs are taken up by macrophages and shorten MRI relaxation time, allowing visualization of macrophage activity. Studies show USPIO uptake correlates with macrophage density and plaque inflammation in animal models. While MRI can identify plaque inflammation, limitations include poor resolution for coronary imaging and high cost compared to alternatives.Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003 - part 1
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003 - part 1Society for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
This document discusses non-invasive imaging of vulnerable plaque using macrophage imaging and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) contrast agents. It notes that while morphology imaging like IVUS, OCT and MRI can identify inactive plaques, activity imaging is needed to detect inflammation. SPIOs are engulfed by macrophages and can identify active, inflamed plaques on MRI. Studies show SPIOs entering atherosclerotic plaque through macrophages and blood vessels, and are taken up more over time when incubated with macrophages. This allows MRI to detect inflammation and identify vulnerable plaques at risk of rupture.159 spio uptake by macrophages
This document describes a study comparing four types of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and their ability to be taken up by macrophages and detect plaque inflammation via MRI. The study finds that lipid-coated SPIO-2 is taken up strongly by macrophages, induces less oxidative stress than dextran-coated SPIO, and is not inhibited by a mannose receptor inhibitor. SPIO-2 therefore shows potential as a contrast agent for noninvasive MR imaging of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques containing macrophage inflammation. Such detection could help identify high-risk patients and reduce deaths from heart attacks and strokes.
159 spio uptake by macrophages
This document describes a study comparing four types of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and their ability to be taken up by macrophages and detect plaque inflammation via MRI. The study finds that lipid-coated SPIO-2 is taken up well by macrophages, induces less oxidative stress than dextran-coated SPIO, and is not inhibited by a mannose receptor inhibitor. Lipid-coated SPIO-2 shows potential for contrast-enhanced MRI to detect vulnerable plaques associated with atherosclerosis and acute coronary events. The ability to identify vulnerable plaques through this method could allow for improved treatment and reduced mortality from heart attacks and strokes.
Ea slipidcoated final july 2
This document describes a study comparing four types of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and their ability to be taken up by macrophages and detect plaque inflammation via MRI. The study found that lipid-coated SPIO-2 was taken up strongly by macrophages with less oxidative stress than dextran-coated SPIO and was not inhibited by a mannose receptor inhibitor. MRI of ApoE-deficient mice detected decreased aortic wall signal and irregularities after SPIO injection compared to wild-type mice, indicating lipid-coated SPIO may be a promising candidate for contrast-enhanced MRI detection of vulnerable plaques.
050 periadventitial fat
1. The study found that periadventitial fat tissue in atherosclerotic mouse models takes up more of the MRI contrast agent SPIO than normal mice, and contains more macrophage-like cells.
2. Preliminary studies in rabbits and humans also showed greater SPIO uptake and more CD68+ cells in periadventitial fat of diseased vessels compared to normal vessels.
3. The cells in periadventitial fat are not dendritic cells, mast cells, or adipocytes, and show some similarities to stromal vascular fraction cells. Their role in atherosclerosis progression requires further investigation.
Similar to 053 histologic evidence of spio accumulation in vulnerable plaques (20)
051 plaque inflam detection in atherosclerotic rabbits
051 plaque inflam detection in atherosclerotic rabbits
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - presented to ge-amersham
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - presented to ge-amersham
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi-presented to ge-amersham
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi-presented to ge-amersham
1 spio-mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003
1 spio-mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003 - part 1
Spio mri studies by dr naghavi - amersham oct 2003 - part 1
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053 histologic evidence of spio accumulation in vulnerable plaques
- 1. Histologic evidence ofHistologic evidence of SPIO accumulation inSPIO accumulation in vulnerable plaquesvulnerable plaques Silvio Litovsky, MDSilvio Litovsky, MD June 7, 2002June 7, 2002
- 2. In-vitro Study of Macrophage SPIO Uptake In a series of in-vitro studies we have tested the rate of SPIO uptake by human activated monocytes in different conditions regarding incubation time and concentration of SPIO. SPIO particles were labeled by a fluorescent dye (DCFA).
- 3. FL-labeled SPIO Incubated Macrophages after 24hr
- 4. Double DAPI Staining with Fluorescence-labeled SPIO Macrophages after 24hr Incubation
- 5. Macrophages labeled with fluorescent microspheres adhere to atherosclerotic plaques.
- 6. In-vivo distribution of SPIO in ApoE deficient and wild type mice: •For the initial study, we use the mouse model of atherosclerosis. •ApoE deficient mouse has similar atherosclerotic lesions to human and the lesions are more common in the aortic arch and thoracic aorta. • We used ApoE deficient mice and normal variant (C57BL mice) as control. •Animals were sacrificed on day 3 and 5 after injection.
- 7. •Tissues from different organs including liver, kidneys, lung, heart, spleen and aorta (including valve region, ascending, descending and abdominal) were obtained and stained. • We used Hematoxyline and Eosin (H&E), Iron, CD68 and Movat staining. • After Iron staining, aortic walls of the ApoE deficient mice and normal variant were compared based on the number of Iron particles.
- 8. ApoE k/o Mouse 5 Days AfterApoE k/o Mouse 5 Days After Injection- LiverInjection- Liver
- 9. Histopathologic Study of the Mice Injected with SPIO (Aortic Root) ApoE K/O mouse, Movat staining, aortic root Coronary Cross section Atherosclerotic plaque
- 10. Histopathologic study of ApoE K/O Mouse injected With SPIO (Aortic Root) CD68 staining (coronary plaque) Iron Staining (aortic plaque) Iron Staining (coronary section) Iron particles Iron particles
- 11. Histopathologic Study of Wild Type Mouse Injected with SPIO (Thoracic Aorta) H&E staining CD68 stainingIron staining
- 12. Comparison of the Number of the Iron Particles (per HPF) in ApoE K/O Mice Plaque vs. Normal Wall 0 5 10 15 Atherosclerotic Aorta Average number of iron particles per sample P <0.001
- 13. Histopathologic studies of Thoracic aorta in Watanabe Hereditary Hypercholesterolemic rabbit after SPIO injection H&E staining Macrophage staining Iron staining Iron particles
- 14. Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit, Aorta, 4 days after SPIO injection Perls’ Staining H&E Staining X40 X40
- 15. Electron Microscopy Evidence of Intracellular SPIO in the Rabbit Aorta Endothelial cell, x7500 Foamy cell, x4000
- 16. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 macrophage (foam cell) density SPIOpositivecell-Iron staining Series1 R=0.956 Correlation Between Iron Positive Cells in Iron Staining and Foam Cell Density in H&E Staining in Rabbit Atherosclerotic Aorta.
- 17. Plaque Iron in ApoE k/o mousePlaque Iron in ApoE k/o mouse after SPIOafter SPIO H&E IRON STAIN
- 18. Plaque Iron in Cytokine-TreatedPlaque Iron in Cytokine-Treated Mice after SPIOMice after SPIO H&E stain Iron stain
- 19. Plaque Iron in Cytokine–Treated MicePlaque Iron in Cytokine–Treated Mice after SPIOafter SPIO Overlying plaques Plaque-free area
- 20. Conclusion: 1) SPIO nanoparticles actively accumulate in superficial areas of atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits and mice. 2) There is a strong correlation between areas of foamy cells infiltration and SPIO uptake in mice and rabbit plaques. 3) Cytokines markedly increase the SPIO uptake by atherosclerotic plaques, thus providing a method for quantifying recruitment of monocytes. 4) MRI has the potential for non-invasively assessing monocyte homing into atherosclerotic plaque.
- 21. Center for Vulnerable Plaque ResearchCenter for Vulnerable Plaque Research Houston, TexasHouston, Texas