The document summarizes statistics related to five institutions in society: government/citizenship, marketplace/income, education, family/marriage, and religion/worship. It provides data on topics like divorce rates, children born out of wedlock, abuse risks related to family structure, the impact of religious practice on behaviors and well-being, and trends over time in the United States and United Kingdom.
Family Systems Trends and Transitions: What They Mean For Military Familiesmilfamln
Families are changing in response to large global trends. Military families are experiencing the same transitions which may be compounded by military service. Demographic changes will be discussed and the implications on family systems. In this webinar, participants share views of these changes, both personally and professionally.
The fatherless epidemic: Rediscovering fatherhood’s EdenDr. Debi Smith
The document discusses the impacts of fatherlessness on children and society. It notes that 40% of American children live in fatherless homes and that fatherlessness is a strong predictor of issues like child poverty, crime, suicide, and emotional/behavioral problems. The document also examines the roles of different types of fathers like alcoholic, abusive, and physically absent fathers and the negative impacts they can have on children's development.
This document discusses the negative impacts that growing up without a father can have on children. It states that children with absent biological fathers are at higher risk for things like teen pregnancy, lower educational attainment, and unstable future relationships. The document also shares statistics showing links between father absence and higher rates of drug use in children. A personal story is given of a mother who raised five children alone and struggled with depression due to the burden. The conclusion calls for parents, friends, teachers and society to provide more support to fatherless children and make changes to help children grow up happily with both parents whenever possible.
Richard has played a formative role in international research on the social determinants of health and on the societal effects of income inequality. He studied economic history at LSE before training in epidemiology. He is Professor Emeritus of Social Epidemiology at the University of Nottingham Medical School, Honorary Professor at UCL and a Visiting Professor at the University of York. Richard co-wrote The Spirit Level with Kate Pickett and is a co-founder of The Equality Trust
This document outlines the importance of father presence in children's lives and strategies to support fathers. It discusses how father absence has increased in recent decades due to cultural and social factors. Children from fatherless homes are much more likely to experience negative outcomes such as dropping out of school, committing crimes, or being incarcerated. While some fathers remain connected due to supportive relationships and resources, others face barriers like lack of housing, legal issues, or shame. The document proposes solutions like fatherhood programs and conferences to help reconcile fathers with their children and support positive co-parenting.
The document examines factors that contribute to high divorce rates in the Bible Belt region of the southern United States. It finds that divorce rates in Bible Belt states like Oklahoma, Tennessee, Alabama and Arkansas are around 50% higher than the national average. A correlation analysis found that higher poverty rates, younger ages of marriage for males and females, and higher percentages of evangelical Protestants in a state's population were all associated with higher divorce rates in these states. More education and older ages of marriage correlated with lower divorce rates.
Nikah marriage (marriage n economic well being)MyWritings
Information shared by M.Ali Lahore for the benefits of society. Get positive feedback after reading and serve the human being just through knowledge/money.You will get reward here and hereafter.Its depends upon you how you will use information for sake of ALLAH.You will be responsible for doing wrongs otherwise ALLAH have created human being for NAIKEE(Good Works).
Contact for More Information : MERITEHREER786@gmail.com
Family Systems Trends and Transitions: What They Mean For Military Familiesmilfamln
Families are changing in response to large global trends. Military families are experiencing the same transitions which may be compounded by military service. Demographic changes will be discussed and the implications on family systems. In this webinar, participants share views of these changes, both personally and professionally.
The fatherless epidemic: Rediscovering fatherhood’s EdenDr. Debi Smith
The document discusses the impacts of fatherlessness on children and society. It notes that 40% of American children live in fatherless homes and that fatherlessness is a strong predictor of issues like child poverty, crime, suicide, and emotional/behavioral problems. The document also examines the roles of different types of fathers like alcoholic, abusive, and physically absent fathers and the negative impacts they can have on children's development.
This document discusses the negative impacts that growing up without a father can have on children. It states that children with absent biological fathers are at higher risk for things like teen pregnancy, lower educational attainment, and unstable future relationships. The document also shares statistics showing links between father absence and higher rates of drug use in children. A personal story is given of a mother who raised five children alone and struggled with depression due to the burden. The conclusion calls for parents, friends, teachers and society to provide more support to fatherless children and make changes to help children grow up happily with both parents whenever possible.
Richard has played a formative role in international research on the social determinants of health and on the societal effects of income inequality. He studied economic history at LSE before training in epidemiology. He is Professor Emeritus of Social Epidemiology at the University of Nottingham Medical School, Honorary Professor at UCL and a Visiting Professor at the University of York. Richard co-wrote The Spirit Level with Kate Pickett and is a co-founder of The Equality Trust
This document outlines the importance of father presence in children's lives and strategies to support fathers. It discusses how father absence has increased in recent decades due to cultural and social factors. Children from fatherless homes are much more likely to experience negative outcomes such as dropping out of school, committing crimes, or being incarcerated. While some fathers remain connected due to supportive relationships and resources, others face barriers like lack of housing, legal issues, or shame. The document proposes solutions like fatherhood programs and conferences to help reconcile fathers with their children and support positive co-parenting.
The document examines factors that contribute to high divorce rates in the Bible Belt region of the southern United States. It finds that divorce rates in Bible Belt states like Oklahoma, Tennessee, Alabama and Arkansas are around 50% higher than the national average. A correlation analysis found that higher poverty rates, younger ages of marriage for males and females, and higher percentages of evangelical Protestants in a state's population were all associated with higher divorce rates in these states. More education and older ages of marriage correlated with lower divorce rates.
Nikah marriage (marriage n economic well being)MyWritings
Information shared by M.Ali Lahore for the benefits of society. Get positive feedback after reading and serve the human being just through knowledge/money.You will get reward here and hereafter.Its depends upon you how you will use information for sake of ALLAH.You will be responsible for doing wrongs otherwise ALLAH have created human being for NAIKEE(Good Works).
Contact for More Information : MERITEHREER786@gmail.com
Marriage is America's #1 weapon against childhood poverty. This presentation details the impact of marriage on the probability of child poverty in Maryland.
The document discusses divorce rates in the Bible Belt region of the southern United States. It finds that divorce rates in Bible Belt states like Oklahoma, Tennessee, Alabama and Arkansas are roughly 50% higher than the national average. Several factors are examined for their correlation with divorce rates, including education levels, age at marriage, poverty rates, and rates of evangelical Protestant religion. The study aims to better understand what drives higher divorce in this region and how rates may be lowered.
This document discusses marriage and childhood poverty in Arkansas. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Arkansas increased dramatically from 11.6% in 1968 to 45.3% in 2010. Single-parent families have a poverty rate of 48.3%, which is nearly 5 times higher than the 10.5% poverty rate for married couples. Over 1/3 of families with children in Arkansas are not married. Marriage is highly effective at reducing child poverty, even when compared to single parents with the same education level.
Divorce rates have been increasing in India in recent years. In Kerala, the number of divorce cases has quadrupled over the last decade, with Thiruvananthapuram reporting the highest number of cases. Common causes of divorce include infidelity, lack of communication, domestic violence, and financial problems. Divorce can negatively impact both adults and children, potentially leading to lower psychological well-being, depression, poorer health, and relationship issues. Reducing the divorce rate requires better understanding between partners and effective communication to resolve issues.
The document discusses social problems related to family disorganization in India. It begins by defining key terms like social, organized, family types, marriage types, and causes of social disorganization. It then discusses issues like dowry, child marriage, domestic violence, and gender discrimination as some major social problems in India resulting from breakdown in family organization. It provides context on the traditions and laws around these issues. In summary, it analyzes factors contributing to family disorganization in India and examines some resulting social issues like dowry practices, child marriage, and domestic violence.
Over the past 30 years, there has been a significant increase in lone-parent families in the UK. Children living with just their mother has risen from 6% to 21%, while those living with just their father has increased from 1% to 2%. This is due to higher rates of divorce and children being born outside of marriage. Some argue that lone-parent families can increase crime and housing costs. However, evidence suggests children from these families are no more likely to commit crimes. The experience of being a lone parent can vary greatly depending on one's class, age, gender, and ethnicity.
The document discusses several factors that cause changes in families, including family planning, mass media, peer groups, and dual-career families. It also describes legal options like legal separation and annulment. Additionally, it notes that changes in society have made husbands and wives physically and psychologically distant from each other and their children. Finally, it provides details on nuclear families in contemporary Philippine society, noting smaller family sizes on average now and changes in family composition due to increases in divorce, non-marital childrearing, legal separation, and early death of a spouse.
1) Marriage rates in South Carolina have declined significantly since 1964, with the percentage of children born outside of marriage rising from 12.8% to 47.5%.
2) Single-parent families have much higher poverty rates than married families, with 40.9% of single mothers living in poverty compared to 7.2% of married couples.
3) Less-educated women are more likely to have children outside of marriage, with over 70% of births to high school dropouts occurring outside of marriage compared to under 10% for college graduates.
This document discusses several studies on the impact of absent fathers on adolescent African American males. It notes that early research found a link between absent fathers and delinquent behavior in this group. However, more recent studies have found that factors like friends' behavior may be more influential. The document argues more research is needed using diverse ethnic groups to determine if the same patterns hold true across races. It also provides a personal example of a brother raised by a single mother who achieved academic and career success, challenging the notion that absent fathers necessarily lead to poor outcomes.
The document discusses life as a single parent and the struggles involved. It describes causes of single parenthood such as divorce, death, adoption, or never being married. It then shares the author's personal experience of being raised by their grandmother while their mother finished school. Some of the financial struggles discussed are paying for expenses like prom, graduation, college tuition, and daily living costs as a single parent. Statistics are also presented about single parents in the US, such as the percentage that are mothers versus fathers. The author's plans of action to help included becoming a mentor to youth and providing support systems for single parents.
This document discusses the relationship between marriage and childhood poverty in Alaska. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Alaska has risen sharply since the 1960s, from 5.8% to 37.6% in 2010. Unmarried families are much more likely to live in poverty, with single mothers nearly 8 times as likely to be poor compared to married couples. Promoting marriage is presented as an effective way to reduce childhood poverty in Alaska.
This document discusses research on social dysfunctions in children caused by single-parent homes. Some studies have shown that children raised without fathers are more likely to engage in criminal behavior or teenage pregnancy. When raising a child alone, single parents need to spend more time with their child to fill the gap from the missing parent. Research also indicates that children from single-parent homes often have poorer school performance or drop out. While divorce may be unavoidable, communities can help single parents support their children's development and prevent negative outcomes.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Maryland. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Maryland has risen dramatically since 1940, and now stands at 41.9%. Unmarried families are much more likely to be in poverty - 22.4% of single mothers are poor compared to just 2.5% of married couples. The document proposes three steps to reduce child poverty through marriage: 1) provide information on the benefits of marriage, 2) reduce penalties for marriage in welfare programs, and 3) promote programs to strengthen marriages and reduce divorce.
This document discusses unintended pregnancy among youth, listing indicators of pregnancy, causes such as curiosity, poverty, peer pressure, and lack of sex education. It proposes interventions like sex education, advocacy, counseling, and keeping children with parents. It concludes that people involved, parents, guardians, teachers, media, and society are responsible, not God or the baby.
This document discusses single parenthood, which it defines as the smallest form of society containing a single head of the family and family members living under one roof. It notes that single parenthood can arise through divorce, death, jobs, or accidental pregnancy and can have both positive and negative effects on children, such as changing behavior, less confidence and creativity, or becoming tougher. The conclusion states that while being a single parent is difficult, it is not a disaster if the single parent is able to properly care for their family.
Marriage rates have declined sharply in West Virginia since 1964, contributing significantly to increases in child poverty. In 1964, over 93% of births in the state occurred to married couples, but by 2010 that number had fallen to only 56%. Unmarried mothers are nearly 5 times more likely to be in poverty than married couples. Promoting marriage and education can help reduce child poverty in the state.
1) The percentage of children born out of wedlock in Oklahoma has risen dramatically from 8.3% in 1968 to 58.2% in 2010.
2) Children living in single-parent families are over 5 times more likely to be poor compared to children from married, two-parent families.
3) Over one-third of families with children in Oklahoma are not married. Among poor families with children, 70% are not married.
The document discusses the importance of family traditions and rituals in defining family values and giving families a sense of identity and belonging. It provides examples of traditional American family rituals like lighting a candle in the evening to represent family love and warmth, and getting together for picnics on July 4th to celebrate freedom and opportunity. The document emphasizes that family is a haven, and traditions help families feel comfortable, loyal, loving and supportive of one another.
This document discusses risky sexual behaviors among American adolescents and young adults. It finds that sexually transmitted diseases are among the top health issues. Teens raised in single parent homes are more likely to engage in risky sex and contract STDs due to lack of parental supervision and economic hardship. In contrast, teens from two-parent homes fare better economically and are less likely to take health risks. The document traces this problem back to the 1960s sexual revolution which made premarital sex more acceptable and common among youth. It argues for empowering teens to wait until marriage before becoming sexually active through improved sex education and relationship building skills.
The document summarizes the origins of various Christian religions, noting the founder and year founded for Lutheranism (Martin Luther, 1517), the Church of England (King Henry VIII, 1534), Presbyterianism (John Knox, 1560), Protestant Episcopalianism (Samuel Seabury, 17th century), Congregationalism (Robert Brown, 1582), Methodism (John and Charles Wesley, 1744), Unitarianism (Theophilus Lindley, 1774), Mormonism (Joseph Smith, 1829), Baptist (John Smyth, 1605), Dutch Reformed church (Michaelis Jones, 1628), Salvation Army (William Booth, 1865), Christian Science (Mary Baker Edd
The document discusses the growth and influence of feminism and its impact on culture and society. It outlines the rise of three waves of feminism from the late 1700s to present. The first wave focused on political and civil rights, while the second wave joined with socialist ideals and pushed for reproductive rights. The third wave returned to original goals but also promoted contraceptive use. Radical feminism is criticized for promoting ideas that separate sex from procreation and see marriage and motherhood as oppressive. The document argues this has led to breakdown of family and culture of death. International organizations are said to have adopted radical feminist agendas around population control and reproductive rights.
Marriage is America's #1 weapon against childhood poverty. This presentation details the impact of marriage on the probability of child poverty in Maryland.
The document discusses divorce rates in the Bible Belt region of the southern United States. It finds that divorce rates in Bible Belt states like Oklahoma, Tennessee, Alabama and Arkansas are roughly 50% higher than the national average. Several factors are examined for their correlation with divorce rates, including education levels, age at marriage, poverty rates, and rates of evangelical Protestant religion. The study aims to better understand what drives higher divorce in this region and how rates may be lowered.
This document discusses marriage and childhood poverty in Arkansas. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Arkansas increased dramatically from 11.6% in 1968 to 45.3% in 2010. Single-parent families have a poverty rate of 48.3%, which is nearly 5 times higher than the 10.5% poverty rate for married couples. Over 1/3 of families with children in Arkansas are not married. Marriage is highly effective at reducing child poverty, even when compared to single parents with the same education level.
Divorce rates have been increasing in India in recent years. In Kerala, the number of divorce cases has quadrupled over the last decade, with Thiruvananthapuram reporting the highest number of cases. Common causes of divorce include infidelity, lack of communication, domestic violence, and financial problems. Divorce can negatively impact both adults and children, potentially leading to lower psychological well-being, depression, poorer health, and relationship issues. Reducing the divorce rate requires better understanding between partners and effective communication to resolve issues.
The document discusses social problems related to family disorganization in India. It begins by defining key terms like social, organized, family types, marriage types, and causes of social disorganization. It then discusses issues like dowry, child marriage, domestic violence, and gender discrimination as some major social problems in India resulting from breakdown in family organization. It provides context on the traditions and laws around these issues. In summary, it analyzes factors contributing to family disorganization in India and examines some resulting social issues like dowry practices, child marriage, and domestic violence.
Over the past 30 years, there has been a significant increase in lone-parent families in the UK. Children living with just their mother has risen from 6% to 21%, while those living with just their father has increased from 1% to 2%. This is due to higher rates of divorce and children being born outside of marriage. Some argue that lone-parent families can increase crime and housing costs. However, evidence suggests children from these families are no more likely to commit crimes. The experience of being a lone parent can vary greatly depending on one's class, age, gender, and ethnicity.
The document discusses several factors that cause changes in families, including family planning, mass media, peer groups, and dual-career families. It also describes legal options like legal separation and annulment. Additionally, it notes that changes in society have made husbands and wives physically and psychologically distant from each other and their children. Finally, it provides details on nuclear families in contemporary Philippine society, noting smaller family sizes on average now and changes in family composition due to increases in divorce, non-marital childrearing, legal separation, and early death of a spouse.
1) Marriage rates in South Carolina have declined significantly since 1964, with the percentage of children born outside of marriage rising from 12.8% to 47.5%.
2) Single-parent families have much higher poverty rates than married families, with 40.9% of single mothers living in poverty compared to 7.2% of married couples.
3) Less-educated women are more likely to have children outside of marriage, with over 70% of births to high school dropouts occurring outside of marriage compared to under 10% for college graduates.
This document discusses several studies on the impact of absent fathers on adolescent African American males. It notes that early research found a link between absent fathers and delinquent behavior in this group. However, more recent studies have found that factors like friends' behavior may be more influential. The document argues more research is needed using diverse ethnic groups to determine if the same patterns hold true across races. It also provides a personal example of a brother raised by a single mother who achieved academic and career success, challenging the notion that absent fathers necessarily lead to poor outcomes.
The document discusses life as a single parent and the struggles involved. It describes causes of single parenthood such as divorce, death, adoption, or never being married. It then shares the author's personal experience of being raised by their grandmother while their mother finished school. Some of the financial struggles discussed are paying for expenses like prom, graduation, college tuition, and daily living costs as a single parent. Statistics are also presented about single parents in the US, such as the percentage that are mothers versus fathers. The author's plans of action to help included becoming a mentor to youth and providing support systems for single parents.
This document discusses the relationship between marriage and childhood poverty in Alaska. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Alaska has risen sharply since the 1960s, from 5.8% to 37.6% in 2010. Unmarried families are much more likely to live in poverty, with single mothers nearly 8 times as likely to be poor compared to married couples. Promoting marriage is presented as an effective way to reduce childhood poverty in Alaska.
This document discusses research on social dysfunctions in children caused by single-parent homes. Some studies have shown that children raised without fathers are more likely to engage in criminal behavior or teenage pregnancy. When raising a child alone, single parents need to spend more time with their child to fill the gap from the missing parent. Research also indicates that children from single-parent homes often have poorer school performance or drop out. While divorce may be unavoidable, communities can help single parents support their children's development and prevent negative outcomes.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Maryland. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Maryland has risen dramatically since 1940, and now stands at 41.9%. Unmarried families are much more likely to be in poverty - 22.4% of single mothers are poor compared to just 2.5% of married couples. The document proposes three steps to reduce child poverty through marriage: 1) provide information on the benefits of marriage, 2) reduce penalties for marriage in welfare programs, and 3) promote programs to strengthen marriages and reduce divorce.
This document discusses unintended pregnancy among youth, listing indicators of pregnancy, causes such as curiosity, poverty, peer pressure, and lack of sex education. It proposes interventions like sex education, advocacy, counseling, and keeping children with parents. It concludes that people involved, parents, guardians, teachers, media, and society are responsible, not God or the baby.
This document discusses single parenthood, which it defines as the smallest form of society containing a single head of the family and family members living under one roof. It notes that single parenthood can arise through divorce, death, jobs, or accidental pregnancy and can have both positive and negative effects on children, such as changing behavior, less confidence and creativity, or becoming tougher. The conclusion states that while being a single parent is difficult, it is not a disaster if the single parent is able to properly care for their family.
Marriage rates have declined sharply in West Virginia since 1964, contributing significantly to increases in child poverty. In 1964, over 93% of births in the state occurred to married couples, but by 2010 that number had fallen to only 56%. Unmarried mothers are nearly 5 times more likely to be in poverty than married couples. Promoting marriage and education can help reduce child poverty in the state.
1) The percentage of children born out of wedlock in Oklahoma has risen dramatically from 8.3% in 1968 to 58.2% in 2010.
2) Children living in single-parent families are over 5 times more likely to be poor compared to children from married, two-parent families.
3) Over one-third of families with children in Oklahoma are not married. Among poor families with children, 70% are not married.
The document discusses the importance of family traditions and rituals in defining family values and giving families a sense of identity and belonging. It provides examples of traditional American family rituals like lighting a candle in the evening to represent family love and warmth, and getting together for picnics on July 4th to celebrate freedom and opportunity. The document emphasizes that family is a haven, and traditions help families feel comfortable, loyal, loving and supportive of one another.
This document discusses risky sexual behaviors among American adolescents and young adults. It finds that sexually transmitted diseases are among the top health issues. Teens raised in single parent homes are more likely to engage in risky sex and contract STDs due to lack of parental supervision and economic hardship. In contrast, teens from two-parent homes fare better economically and are less likely to take health risks. The document traces this problem back to the 1960s sexual revolution which made premarital sex more acceptable and common among youth. It argues for empowering teens to wait until marriage before becoming sexually active through improved sex education and relationship building skills.
The document summarizes the origins of various Christian religions, noting the founder and year founded for Lutheranism (Martin Luther, 1517), the Church of England (King Henry VIII, 1534), Presbyterianism (John Knox, 1560), Protestant Episcopalianism (Samuel Seabury, 17th century), Congregationalism (Robert Brown, 1582), Methodism (John and Charles Wesley, 1744), Unitarianism (Theophilus Lindley, 1774), Mormonism (Joseph Smith, 1829), Baptist (John Smyth, 1605), Dutch Reformed church (Michaelis Jones, 1628), Salvation Army (William Booth, 1865), Christian Science (Mary Baker Edd
The document discusses the growth and influence of feminism and its impact on culture and society. It outlines the rise of three waves of feminism from the late 1700s to present. The first wave focused on political and civil rights, while the second wave joined with socialist ideals and pushed for reproductive rights. The third wave returned to original goals but also promoted contraceptive use. Radical feminism is criticized for promoting ideas that separate sex from procreation and see marriage and motherhood as oppressive. The document argues this has led to breakdown of family and culture of death. International organizations are said to have adopted radical feminist agendas around population control and reproductive rights.
The document discusses the Catholic Church's acceptance of the Standard Days Method (SDM) as a form of natural family planning. It provides context on the Church's rejection of collaboration with government population programs but acceptance of using SDM in its own natural family planning programs. It describes SDM as a calendar-based method developed by Georgetown University to identify fertile days in a woman's monthly cycle through using colored beads to track her menstrual periods. It was found to be an effective and widely acceptable method, especially for those who found other natural family planning methods difficult to use.
Mhtml File C Documents%20and%20 Settings Familylife My%20 Docuamado sandoval
The Archbishop of Cagayan de Oro, Philippines signed an agreement between a Catholic women's group and government agencies to promote natural family planning. However, after other bishops expressed concerns that the agreement could legitimize contraception, the archbishop canceled it. The bishops were wary that the standard days method discussed could be combined with artificial contraception. They also felt the government might use the Church's involvement to promote contraception. While the archbishop had hoped to collaborate on natural methods, he decided to cancel the agreement without pressure.
The document discusses international efforts to promote abortion rights through United Nations bodies and treaties. It describes strategies used by organizations like the Center for Reproductive Rights to influence the interpretation of existing treaties to include abortion rights. They aim to establish abortion as an international norm through "soft law" declarations and court rulings. Their goal is to counter national sovereignty over abortion laws and influence domestic policies and courts. The document also discusses using the Convention on the Rights of the Child to argue the treaty protects children from violence, including abortion.
This document provides a summary of demographic trends, economic conditions, and child well-being indicators in Cleveland County, Oklahoma, with a focus on Norman. It finds that the population is aging and becoming more culturally diverse as migration moves to suburban areas. Many families face economic challenges, with a rise in poverty levels and more families unable to be self-sufficient without government support. Child well-being is threatened by a lack of health insurance, adverse childhood experiences like abuse and household dysfunction, and social problems that can develop from such experiences over the lifespan like health risks, disease, and social problems. Strategies are discussed to implement best practices and improve outcomes through community collaborations.
Child marriage, defined as marriage under the age of 18, affects over 250 million girls and 150 million boys globally. Poverty, social insecurity, dowry expectations, lack of education, and community traditions are key drivers of child marriage. The practice has significant negative health, social, and economic consequences, including higher rates of maternal and infant mortality, domestic violence, illiteracy, and poverty. Reducing child marriage requires strategies like improving access to education, empowering women, enforcing legal minimum age laws, alleviating poverty, and changing cultural mindsets.
The document discusses various demographic terms and concepts related to population change including birth rates, death rates, and factors that affect fertility and mortality levels. It defines terms like crude birth rate, total fertility rate, replacement level fertility, infant mortality rate, and explains how factors like education, religion, economic development, and government policy can influence population growth trends in different countries.
- Add Health is a longitudinal study that began in 1994 to examine the health and behaviors of adolescents in the United States from adolescence into adulthood. It utilizes a nationally representative sample and collects extensive data through in-home interviews and biological specimens.
- The study collects data on the social, family, school, and neighborhood environments of participants and how these impact health outcomes. It also examines genetic and biological factors. This allows for analysis of gene-environment interactions and pathways from social experiences to health.
- Add Health has completed 4 waves of data collection from adolescence through age 42. It includes measures of physical health, mental health, substance use, relationships, attitudes, and more. This provides a valuable resource for understanding
The document provides an overview of families and intimate relationships. It discusses different types of families including nuclear, extended, monogamous, and polygamous families. It also examines kinship patterns, authority structures, and trends in household composition in the United States over time. Functional, conflict, interactionist, and feminist views of studying families are introduced. Trends in marriage, divorce, and diverse lifestyles such as cohabitation and remaining single are also summarized.
Marriage is America's #1 weapon against childhood poverty. This presentation details the impact of marriage on the probability of child poverty in Louisiana.
Children ages 2-5 begin developing their unique sense of self and recognize ethnic differences, though their exposure to other cultures is limited by caregivers. Cross-culturally adopted children do not differ in self-esteem or adjustment compared to same-race adoptees, and those adopted at a younger age tend to do better. Gender roles and identity form during this age, with notions of sex-typed play emerging at age 3 and gender stability by age 4. Poverty has negative effects, especially in the first 5 years, though programs like WIC, Head Start, and school nutrition programs can help mitigate impacts.
Marriage rates have declined sharply in Louisiana since the 1960s. In 2010, over half of all births in Louisiana occurred outside of marriage, compared to just 11% in 1964. Children born outside of marriage are much more likely to live in poverty - 47% of children born to single mothers live in poverty compared to just 6% of children with married parents. The document proposes three steps to reduce child poverty through marriage: 1) provide information on the benefits of marriage, 2) reduce disincentives for marriage in welfare programs, and 3) promote programs to strengthen marriages and reduce divorce.
This document summarizes a chapter on the historical evolution of families in the U.S. It describes how family structures have changed over time from predominantly nuclear families pre-industrialization to more diverse structures today including blended, LGBTQ+, and single-parent households. It also discusses trends such as declining marriage rates and increasing diversity in family income, and how factors like racism, poverty, and lack of access to resources affect family health outcomes.
This document discusses the decline of marriage and traditional family structures in recent decades. It notes rising divorce rates in the US and China since 1960. Children of divorced or single parents are at greater risk of emotional, behavioral and health problems. The document advocates for strengthening the institution of marriage and family through promoting a culture that supports marital commitment, healthy relationships, and responsible sexuality within marriage.
This document discusses the decline of marriage and traditional family structures in recent decades. It notes rising divorce rates in the US and China since 1960. Children of divorced or single parents are at greater risk of various issues. Cohabitation and births outside of marriage are increasing but do not have the same benefits as traditional marriage. The document advocates for strengthening marriage through community support of healthy family values.
This document discusses same sex parents and research on children raised by them. It begins by stating that homosexuality is not hereditary or something that can change sexual orientation. Studies have shown children of same sex parents do not have more psychological problems than other family structures. Approximately 1-2 million children in the US have a lesbian or gay parent. Same sex parents are more likely to adopt or foster children compared to heterosexual couples. Research indicates children of same sex parents have normal development and adjustment, and parenting ability is not related to sexual orientation. The document provides resources for same sex parents and educators.
KLC Productions presents a documentary film about teen pregnancy trends in association with a university studies program. The film examines statistics on teen pregnancy rates in Victoria, Australia and associated health and socioeconomic risks for both teen mothers and their children. These risks include preterm birth, low birth weight, developmental delays, and continued intergenerational cycles of teen pregnancy. The film also explores contributing factors such as family instability, abuse, low education and socioeconomic status, and lack of sexual education and access to contraception.
Fertility is affected by biological, social, economic, and cultural factors. Biologically, fertility is highest between ages 15-49 and can be impacted by health and nutrition. Socially, marriage age, contraceptive use, and abortion access influence fertility rates. Economically, children's perceived economic role affects fertility - in traditional societies children contribute to family wealth so fertility is higher. Public health interventions aim to control high fertility through family planning services, safe motherhood programs, community health programs, and adolescent health education to promote smaller, healthier families.
The document discusses research from Wilkinson & Pickett's book "The Spirit Level" showing that a variety of social problems are worse in more economically unequal countries and societies. These problems include lower rates of trust, higher rates of mental illness, teenage births, homicides and imprisonment, poorer health and well-being, and lower social mobility. The research indicates that these issues are correlated with income inequality rather than just average national income levels. The document suggests this may be because inequality increases status competition and anxiety about social evaluation in a population.
This webcast was developed by the Office of
Adolescent Health (OAH) in May 2013 as a technical assistance product for use with OAH grant programs and presents global strategies for adolescent pregnancy prevention.
Marriage is America's #1 weapon against childhood poverty. This presentation details the impact of marriage on the probability of child poverty in Rhode Island
This document summarizes research from The Spirit Level by Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett showing that health and social problems are worse in countries and within countries with larger income gaps between rich and poor. It presents data across countries and US states demonstrating that life expectancy, infant mortality, homicide, imprisonment, obesity, mental illness, and other issues correlate more strongly with income inequality than average national income. The research suggests that greater inequality is associated with increased status competition, stress, and erosion of social cohesion, which in turn impact health and well-being.
Dr. David Williams at Belmont UniversityBelmontCHS
Racial disparities in health persist despite advances in medicine and technology. Minorities experience higher rates of illness and death than whites across many health conditions. Socioeconomic status, which is strongly linked to race, is a major determinant of health. Improving living conditions, education levels, income, and neighborhoods could help reduce health inequalities by making healthy choices easier and alleviating stress. Comprehensive social and economic policies are needed across all sectors to address fundamental causes of poor health and disparities.
This document discusses same sex parents and provides statistics about LGBTQ families in the United States. It notes that approximately 1 in 9 million children have at least one parent who is lesbian or gay. Around 27% of same sex partner households include children. Research shows that children with same sex parents show no differences in emotional, behavioral, or social development compared to children with heterosexual parents. The document provides resources for support and strategies for making schools inclusive for all families.
Similar to 05 Pat Fagan The State Of Marriage And The Family (20)
Changing Fmily Lifestyles Impact In Asia Monzonamado sandoval
1. The document discusses changing family lifestyles in Asia and their impacts, comparing pre-modern and post-modern families. It notes a shift from kinship ties to individualism and alienation within families.
2. Asian youth are described as feeling angst, confusion and a search for home due to societal changes. Mass media, consumerism, and solo parenting are said to negatively influence family dynamics and traditional Asian values.
3. Solutions proposed include empowering Asian families by recalibrating priorities, rebuilding boundaries, and reinforcing faith and values to strengthen family unity and counter societal influences.
The document discusses how international agreements originally protected women's roles as mothers but now some groups are trying to reinterpret them to include a right to abortion. It describes how UN committees and NGOs are working to convince countries that existing human rights include reproductive and sexual rights like abortion. They issue recommendations to governments to comply with these evolving interpretations of treaties. This strategy has influenced documents and policies in the Philippines through partner NGOs submitting reports to UN committees.
The document discusses 10 "truths" about population control, contraception, and the Catholic Church's teachings. It argues that overpopulation is a myth and population growth boosts economies. It asserts that contraception violates natural law and is immoral, as it can cause abortions by preventing implantation. The document also claims that the Reproductive Health Bill in the Philippines violates the constitution by not protecting the unborn. It concludes by saying the Church's teachings are based on eternal truths that liberate.
Classroom sex education is harmful and should be avoided according to Catholic teachings. It violates the natural privacy of sexual matters and can corrupt the morals of children. While the author was initially unaware of the issues with classroom sex ed, he came to understand through the writings of others that it is never appropriate to teach sex education as a separate classroom subject. The magisterium of the Catholic Church prohibits classroom sex education and sees it as an obligation of parents, not schools, to educate children about sexuality.
This document outlines 12 reasons for opposing the Reproductive Health Bill 5043 in the Philippines. It argues that the bill 1) is based on flawed data about population growth rates, 2) places too much emphasis on contraception at the expense of healthcare, and 3) promotes abortion through contraceptives that can prevent implantation. Additionally, it claims the bill will 4) not reduce abortions, 5) promote social stigma against large families, 6) legislate mandatory sex education that does not reduce risky behavior, 7) force healthcare providers to make abortion referrals against their conscience, 8) force employers to provide abortion-causing contraceptives, 9) fine or imprison dissent, and 10) provide contraception to children without parental
The document advertises an upcoming conference on "Faith, Life & Family" to take place in Miri, Malaysia from November 19-22, 2009. It provides information on costs and registration. The document then discusses population control efforts in the Philippines from the 1950s onwards and challenges facing the pro-life movement, including threats from groups promoting population control and a potentially unfavorable political situation after the 2010 national elections.
The document summarizes three common myths about homosexuality and provides counterpoints to each. [1] It argues that while biology may play a role in predisposition, social and psychological factors are more influential. [2] It claims that for some, homosexual feelings can diminish through therapy and support groups, though change may not be desired by all. [3] It concludes that research shows homosexuality is not as healthy as heterosexuality, and encouraging same-sex attractions in teens can increase risks rather than help.
The document outlines the history of the birth control pill from its conception in the early 20th century to developments through the late 20th century. It describes key events like the first human trials in the 1950s, FDA approval in the 1960s, concerns about side effects in the 1960s and 70s, and lowering of hormone doses in pills over time. The timeline shows how the pill progressed from a radical idea to a widely used contraceptive, but also documents ongoing debates around its health impacts and use.
House Bill 956 proposes to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity in issuing licenses and legal documents. The document opposes legalizing same-sex unions for several reasons: it could eliminate the role of marriage in procreation and child-rearing, restructure society by creating different relationship types, homosexual parenting is not the best environment for children, and there is no discrimination without injustice. The document argues the bill is unnecessary as existing laws already prohibit discrimination.
This document outlines opposition to HB 956, which prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Key points made include:
1) Sexual orientation and gender identity are superficial classifications that can change over time, making them unreasonable bases for legal protections.
2) HB 956 violates equal protection by favoring those who openly embrace homosexual lifestyles over those who do not.
3) The bill's broad definition of "discrimination" could allow manipulation and false accusations that are difficult to disprove.
4) HB 956 may undermine other laws and parental rights if passed. Existing laws already provide sufficient protections for human rights.
This document provides information about natural contraceptive methods. It discusses the rationale for making natural methods available as a way to increase contraceptive choice. It describes various natural methods like fertility awareness and calendar-based approaches. It also discusses research to simplify natural methods and new technologies being developed to help women determine and manage their own fertility. The document outlines the physiological basis for natural methods, explaining how fertility signs like cervical secretions and basal body temperature changes can indicate the fertile window in a woman's menstrual cycle.
The Standard Days Method (SDM) is a natural family planning method that identifies the fixed fertile window in a woman's menstrual cycle. Users of the method avoid unprotected sex from days 8-19 of the cycle to prevent pregnancy. Studies show the SDM to be over 95% effective with correct use. The SDM expands family planning options and has been recognized by the WHO as a best practice. It appeals to new family planning users and helps address unmet need due to its ease of use and lack of side effects.
The document discusses expanding contraceptive choice by supporting the development of modern and effective methods of natural family planning. Since 1965, USAID has supported research into natural methods and broadening the mix of methods to meet the needs of couples who prefer natural options. Natural family planning methods are based on sound biological principles and have been tested in scientifically recognized clinical trials. They provide an alternative for women who want to use natural methods for medical or personal reasons without requiring contraceptive supplies.
Bishops from across Asia met in Manila to discuss challenges facing the Catholic church in the region. These included declining membership as more Catholics marry outside the church and convert to their spouse's religion. Attracting new priests is also a problem due to poverty and secularization deterring young men from joining the priesthood. Violence against Christians in some Asian countries and government corruption were additional issues addressed.
This document discusses introducing the Standard Days Method (SDM) as a family planning option. It provides several key reasons for including SDM in family planning programs: 1) Expanding contraceptive choice increases use of family planning methods; 2) SDM is an effective natural option for couples using periodic abstinence who lack knowledge of fertility; 3) SDM can be easily offered by a wide range of programs without special equipment or infrastructure. Introducing SDM can help address the gap between contraceptive needs and donor funding by providing a low-cost family planning method. Research shows SDM is accepted by clients and providers in many contexts worldwide.
The document discusses informed choice and contraceptive security. It recommends that family planning programs offer a mix of modern contraceptive methods, including short-acting and long-acting, client-controlled and provider-dependent, natural and clinical methods. This allows clients to choose the method that best suits their needs. The document also addresses underutilized contraceptive methods and the need to improve access to information about these methods.
The Standard Days Method (SDM) is a natural family planning method that relies on avoiding unprotected intercourse between days 8-19 of a woman's menstrual cycle. SDM was developed through analysis of over 7,500 menstrual cycles and determines the most fertile days are days 8-19. To use SDM, a woman tracks her cycle length and avoids unprotected sex from days 8-19. With perfect use, SDM is 95% effective at preventing pregnancy, but with typical use is only 88% effective. SDM provides a low-cost option but requires cycle regularity and abstinence during fertile periods.
The Standard Days Method (SDM) is a natural family planning method that identifies the fixed fertile window in a woman's menstrual cycle. Users of the method avoid unprotected sex from days 8-19 of the cycle to prevent pregnancy. Studies show the SDM to be over 95% effective with correct use. The SDM expands family planning options and has been recognized by the WHO as a best practice. It appeals to new family planning users and helps address unmet need due to its ease of use and lack of side effects.
The document discusses reasons for introducing the Standard Days Method (SDM) of family planning. It argues that expanding contraceptive choice increases contraceptive use. The SDM is an effective option for couples using periodic abstinence who lack knowledge of fertility. SDM services can be offered easily and effectively through a variety of programs. Introducing SDM can help address the gap between contraceptive needs and donor funding by providing a low-cost method. Research shows the SDM has been successfully adopted in many contexts worldwide.
The Standard Days Method (SDM) is a natural family planning method that is effective and easy to use. It involves abstaining from unprotected sex on days 8-19 of a woman's menstrual cycle, which are considered the fertile days. Studies have shown the SDM to be over 95% effective with correct use. It uses colored beads called CycleBeads to help women track their cycle. The SDM has potential to expand contraceptive use since it is low-cost, requires little training to use, and involves men in family planning. While it may not be suitable for all women, it provides an entry point to contraceptive methods for many.
Information and Communication Technology in EducationMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 2)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐈𝐂𝐓 𝐢𝐧 𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:
Students will be able to explain the role and impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education. They will understand how ICT tools, such as computers, the internet, and educational software, enhance learning and teaching processes. By exploring various ICT applications, students will recognize how these technologies facilitate access to information, improve communication, support collaboration, and enable personalized learning experiences.
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐭:
-Students will be able to discuss what constitutes reliable sources on the internet. They will learn to identify key characteristics of trustworthy information, such as credibility, accuracy, and authority. By examining different types of online sources, students will develop skills to evaluate the reliability of websites and content, ensuring they can distinguish between reputable information and misinformation.
How to Manage Reception Report in Odoo 17Celine George
A business may deal with both sales and purchases occasionally. They buy things from vendors and then sell them to their customers. Such dealings can be confusing at times. Because multiple clients may inquire about the same product at the same time, after purchasing those products, customers must be assigned to them. Odoo has a tool called Reception Report that can be used to complete this assignment. By enabling this, a reception report comes automatically after confirming a receipt, from which we can assign products to orders.
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptxOH TEIK BIN
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin 🙏🤓🤔🥰
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
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3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
2. Government / Citizen Marketplace / Income Education / Learning Family / Sex–Affection Religion / Worship-God
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5. “ Rejection/Ambivalence Ratio” for Every 100 Children Born 40 1950 Children Aborted Children of Divorce 50 60 70 Children born out of Wedlock 30 20 10 1954 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 Source: National Center for Health Statistics data and Alan Guttmacher Institute data
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7. Source: C. Harper and S. McLanahan, “Father Absence and Youth Incarceration,” ASA Annual Meeting, San Francisco, August 1998. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth.
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14. In Britain, a Child Whose Biological Mother Cohabits was 33 Times More Likely to Suffer Serious Abuse than a Child with Married Parents 5 Biological Parents Married Mother Married to Stepfather Biological Mother Alone Biological Parents Cohabiting Source: Robert Whelan, Broken Homes and Broken Children , 1994. Family Structure Biological Father Alone Biological Mother Cohabiting 10 15 20 25 30 35 Comparative Risk Ratios for Serious Abuse, 1982-1988
15. In Britain, a Child Whose Biological Mother Cohabits was 73 Times More Likely to Suffer Fatal Abuse than a Child with Married Parents 5 Biological Parents Married Mother Married to Stepfather Biological Mother Alone Biological Parents Cohabiting Source: Robert Whelan, Broken Homes and Broken Children , 1994. Family Structure Biological Father Alone Biological Mother Cohabiting 10 15 20 25 30 35 Comparative Risk Ratios for Serious Abuse, 1982-1988
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17. Runaway Children in UK 0% Step-Families Lone-parent Families Two-parent Families Percentage of children running away overnight before the age of 16 10% 5% 15% 20% 25%
23. Impact of Divorce on Income of Families 10,000 Before Divorce After Divorce 20,000 30,000 40,000 $50,000 1993 Average Annual Income Source: Corcoran and Chaudray, Unpublished Research Paper, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, May 1994 Family Status
61. REJECTION PLUS HIGH RELIGIOUS PRACTICE INTACT PLUS HIGH RELIGIOUS PRACTICE REJECTION PLUS LOW-NO RELIGIOUS PRACTICE INTACT PLUS PLUS LOW-NO RELIGIOUS PRACTICE COMBINED FAMILY AND RELIGIOUS PRACTICE DIMENSIONS
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71. 5 Tasks --- 5 Institutions Family / Sex Affection Church / Worship School / Education Government / Citizen Marketplace / Income
74. “ Rejection/Ambivalence Ratio” for Every 100 Children Born 40 1950 Children Aborted Children of Divorce 50 60 70 Children born out of Wedlock 30 20 10 1954 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 Source: National Center for Health Statistics data and Alan Guttmacher Institute data
There are five major institutions in society: The Family The Church (Synagogue or Temple) The School (Grade School, High School, University and Media) The Government The Marketplace (The Economy) In which five major tasks are accomplished: Begetting and forming the next generation Dealing with transcendent truths Learning and teaching Using physical force (locus of power) for the common good Taking care of material needs through exchange of goods and services
First we will look at the relationship between how well different forms of the family do in the marketplace with special note to the presence or absence of belonging to each other between the father and mother and in turn together in belonging to their children.
The basic tasks of the five institutions are present in all the actors at all stages of life: In the family where (obviously) the children are born and the next generation learns the basics of life from their parents; The child learns to learn and study The child learns the fundamentals about God and the transcendent issues of life The child learns fairness, justice and responsibility for others – basis of citizenship The child learns to work and sees his parents cooperate in work
This chart illustrates the “Rejection Ratio” for the United States since 1950. This measure is calculated by showing how many children are born out-of-wedlock or how many children under age 18 experience the divorce of their parents in a particular year compared to the number of newborns coming into our society that year. This ratio gives us a handle on what proportion of a generation experience serious rejection as they grow up. In 1950, for every 100 children born that year, 12 experienced serious rejection: four by being born out-of-wedlock and eight by experiencing the divorce of their parents. By the year 2000, almost 60 children experienced this form of rejection for every 100 children born that year. America has become a nation of rejection.
This chart illustrates a Rejection Ratio that includes abortion, for which reliable numbers became available in the late 1960’s. The black bars indicate the abortion ratio. By the year 2000, we can say that for every 100 children conceived, only about 28 reach age 18 living in an intact family with the mother and father who brought them into existence. America has formed for itself a culture of deep rejection. It has become an extraordinarily dangerous place for children: 72 out of every hundred conceived now experience serious rejection: abortion, out of wedlock birth or the divorce of their parents.
This chart looks at the rates of incarceration for juvenile delinquents by family structure. This particular chart illustrates not just simple correlations but the regression results after controlling for parental income and education. Interestingly, these results highlight stepfamilies’ difficulties in attaining a sense of intactness and belonging. The highest rate of incarceration (of boys in the main part) is in families where the mother comes from outside the original biological family to form the reconstructed stepfamily. The next highest is when the father is brought from outside the original biological family to form the new stepfamily. The next comes in the never married, single-mother family. The lowest rate is in the always-intact, married family. There are dramatic differences among these rates: 1, 2.07, 2.71, and 3.7. Next we will look at the correlations between belongingness and sexual activity.
There is a significant relationship between abuse in the family and later crime. In a key study of 14 juveniles condemned to death because of murder in the United States 12 were found to have been brutally abused and 5 had been sodomized by family relatives.
However, drawing from British data because there is no similar data from the United States, we get a picture of the different levels of serious child abuse across family structures. The lowest level of serious abuse occurs in the always-intact, married family. In Britain the stepfamily abuse levels are six times higher; the always-single mother family, 14 times higher; cohabiting family 20 times higher, and the single-father family 20 times higher. The most dangerous family structure is when the mother cohabits with a boyfriend who is not the father of the child. This abuse rate is 33 times greater than in the intact, married family. Here the father neither belongs to the child nor the mother.
This chart looks at serious abuse that results in the death of the child. Again, the most dangerous place for the child is when that family structure where the mother is cohabiting with a boyfriend who is not the father of the child. Fatal abuse occurs in this family setting 73 times more often than in the intact, married family. Almost all of these children are very young, around one year old. When the father belongs in marriage to the mother and the child he is extraordinarily protective of the life of his children.
This graph bridges the UK and US data and compares the rates of abuse from their different surveys. What is noticeable is that the slope (increase in rates) is pretty similar for both countries when the different family structures are compared. (For this comparison all two-parent family structures had to be collapsed into one).
Running away (permanently) from home is highly correlated with drug crime and prostitution in most countries. The rates of running away vary significantly by family structure (by levels of belonging and rejection). The step family has the highest rate of running away from home in the UK. We do not have good data on this for the United States.
Partner abuse varies significantly by family structure and contrary to the radical feminist critique the safest place for women is in the married family (though when divorce or separation takes place there is a very significant rise in abuse). However even taking these divorce and separation rates into account the ‘ever-married’ woman experiences a much lower rate of abuse than does the ‘never-married’ woman. Cohabitation is a form of ‘belonging’ that has much greater rates of abuse. Married men are the most protective of their wives and children.
First we will look at the relationship between how well different forms of the family do in the marketplace with special note to the presence or absence of belonging to each other between the father and mother and in turn together in belonging to their children.
This chart illustrates family structure and median family income (without transferred income from the government) in the year 2000, i.e. what the family earns in the marketplace. The same pattern emerges again: the never-married single-mother family has the lowest median income ($9,400); the separated family has a median income of $20,000; the divorced (parent-rejecting) family has a median income of $23,000; the cohabiting (ambivalent about marriage) family has a median income of $30,000; the stepfamily/second-marriage has a median income of $50,000; and the always-intact married family has a median income of $54,000.
The issue of belonging, rejection, and indifference, is powerfully illustrated in this chart of the percentage of children in poverty by family structure. Each label on the different family structures is a shorthand history of belonging, rejection, or indifference within the family. The lowest level of poverty is in the always-intact family (12 percent), where the parents have always belonged to each other and to their children. The next family structure, the stepfamily, is similar at 13 percent. Here, the parents and children belong to each other, but normally in the history of the family there is serious rejection (divorce) one of the parents for a former spouse or partner (divorce or out of wedlock birth). The level of poverty in the divorced, single parent family is much higher at 31%. This is a form of the family fractured by the parents’ rejection of each other. The next highest level of poverty is in cohabiting parents who are characterized by ambivalence about their future with each other (39 percent). The separated, single-parent family has a similarly high level of child poverty at 41 percent. Finally, the always-single mother family has the highest level of child poverty at 67 percent. This is the family structure where the father has never belonged to the mother nor fully to his children. Data such as this shaped the welfare reform debate of 1994-1996 .
This is a simulation experiment we conducted at The Heritage Foundation in which we “married’ the real fathers with the real mothers of chidren in single parent families (using annual mini-census data). When we did so the vast majority of children were raised above the poverty line, reducing the number in poverty from 3.93 million to 0.75 million. That is 3.17 million children were raised from below the poverty line just by having their fathers married to their mothers and without any government transfers of payments. Rejection (not belonging) between parents has a high price on all of society but especially on the children.
This chart illustrates the size of the drop in income when a family moves from being intact and married to fractured and divorced. In this particular study, fairly representative of this type of study, the drop is 42%, which is a drop greater than that experienced by the nation during the Great Depression. Children of divorcing/rejecting parents go through a ‘Great Depression’ in their family income during the divorce.
This slide illustrates the culmination of a series of research projects which went about isolating the effect of marriage on men’s earning power. Controlling for all other factors (even genetics --- using monozygotic twin studies) men who are married increase their earning power by 27% in general. The last slide which showed the effect on child poverty of fathers being married to the mothers of their children did not have this effect in there (the men were not married). Should that have been the case, nearly every child would have been lifted out of poverty.
Belonging and rejection have massive impacts on the accumulation of wealth. This chart illustrates accumulated wealth within the family, for families with children under 18 in the year 2000. The huge difference is clear between the married family structures where mother and father belong to each other and all other family forms. The always-intact, always-belonging married family with children has 343 times more wealth than the never-married, single-parent family with children under 18. These parents yet have many years of earnings and savings to add to their wealth. The disparities will widen over decades. To drive home the point of the effect on the marketplace let me ask the question: What families own the stock of the companies of the United States? Where does the surplus capital come from to invest in the continued and future growth of the economy?
This chart illustrates the twin factors of The level of belongingness in family in the United States (downward) And The constant dollar value of the median family income in the United States (which encompasses all the different family structures). I interpret the above chart to indicate that the phenomenal growth of the US economy benefited the family significantly until the family began to break down. Clearly the continued growth in real terms of the US economy since the mid 1970’s has not been passed on to all families in the US.
The trend lines are produced here …median income rising slowly for the family despite real GDP growth while levels of belonging in the family decrease. Yet if we look at the capital wealth of families in the United States we will get some indication of where the disparities lie.
To partake of the capacities of the modern economy a person needs a basic education at least, much more if he is to do well. The family is the foundation of all education and the head start (or lag) a child has as he enters school has never been compensated for, to the best of my knowledge, by any national education effort by any government in modern history. When government education programs do raise the level of those most in need it tends to raise the levels of all … a great common good but one that illustrates the critical importance of the family in education. The following charts illustrate this relationship.
Now we will look at how the handling of oneself sexually has massive impact on family life, on the life of the individual involved and on society at large. From these charts a strong conclusion that man is made to be monogamous can be drawn though it will take a number of charts for this to become obvious. Man is made to be united to just one other. Woman is made to be united to just one other. So the data tell.
Here is the impact of monogamy on the stability of marriage. The first bar is the woman who has never had sexual intercourse outside of marriage (0 partners outside of marriage). 80% of such women in the United States have stable marriages … stay united to their husbands. The rest of the chart tells the rest of the story: the more sexual partners the more likely they are to divorce. Even having one partner brings the rate of divorce very close to one in two chances (54 %).
Even having one non-marital sexual partner leads to the probability (30%) of out of wedlock birth that is almost the same as the national average of out of wedlock births (33%).
This chart illustrates the significance of teenagers’ judgment that their father is warm, loving and cares for them. The child in an intact, married family is 12 times more likely to experience warmth and love from her father than is a child in the always-single parent family, 7 times more likely than a child of divorced parents, 3 times more likely than a child of cohabiting parents, and 1.5 times more likely than a child in a stepfamily. There are clear implications from this data for levels of virginity in different family structures, as the next chart illustrates .
This chart looks at the rates of teenage virginity by family structure and includes adopted and foster children. Again, we see the same pattern emerging: the more stable belongingness in the family history, the greater the level of virginity. In this chart, we see also the dramatic difference between adopted children and foster care children. Both of these groups of children come from troubled backgrounds but are treated very differently. Children adopted early into intact, married families, are more likely to keep their virginity as illustrated here. Prior to adoption, the parents are screened not only for financial resources but also for the level of belongingness. The adopted infant comes into a family full of a desire to belong to the child. Hence, the great outcomes. By contrast, the foster child more frequently experiences many moves and many experiences of rejection. Hence, the awful outcomes. Adopted children have the highest levels of virginity, and foster children have the lowest. There is a clear correlation between belongingness and rejection and levels of virginity.
Illustrating a different aspect of “abortions overwhelmingly take place outside of marriage” phenomenon: 80% take place to women under 25 years of age…. To women who have sexual intercourse outside of marriage.
Abortion is very much a product of early teen sexual intercourse … of having intercourse before being ready to take care of a baby.
This is the total number of children surgically aborted each year. It continues to drop in the United States. The vast majority (81 %) of abortion take place outside of marriage (yellow). 19% are to married mothers (blue).
This is a clearer illustration of the decrease in out of wedlock births among teenagers. Abstinence is working in the United States and is part of the US Federal Governments policy: to teach children to remain chaste till high school children to stay chaste till marriage. And they are responding. It is possible to rebuild a culture of love, of unity.
Families are the building blocks of our society. When rejection occurs in the family, especially between the parents when they separate or divorce, the mental health of children is affected.
Given the material advantages that accrue to married families (a father and mother working together in unity can do much more for their children than can a single parent), some of the difference can be seen in the health of children. It is interesting to note that it is the step family (whose income is close to the intact married family) whose children are most likely to be in poor health.
This chart on emotional disorders of children comes from nationally representative data of the United Kingdom, as we have no such data for the United States. We can see the same trend here. Children from families where the parents belong to each other have the lowest level of emotional disorders. In ascending order, children of cohabiting parents come next, followed by always-single parent families, and finally the divorced-single-parent family. Normally, children of always-single parents do not experience firsthand the rejection of the absent parent. That event happened early in their life. Children of divorced parents have often lived through the pain of that rejection, and it is reflected in this measurement and in a few other emotionally-sensitive outcomes.
This chart adds the conduct disorders in red (aggression, acting out, lack of self control) to the emotional disorders (in blue) of the last chart. Again this data is for the United Kingdom. Of note here is that the always single mother and the single mother family has the great incidence of children with conduct disorders. The lessened capacity to monitor the child (one parent rather than two) is likely a major contributor to this incidence.
To partake of the capacities of the modern economy a person needs a basic education at least, much more if he is to do well. The family is the foundation of all education and the head start (or lag) a child has as he enters school has never been compensated for, to the best of my knowledge, by any national education effort by any government in modern history. When government education programs do raise the level of those most in need it tends to raise the levels of all … a great common good but one that illustrates the critical importance of the family in education. The following charts illustrate this relationship.
The culture is all about how we belong to each other at different levels and in different ways. At the heart of culture is ‘cult’ …the practice of worship of God. All the following data is from the Federal Government’s own survey.
This chart illustrates the “Rejection Ratio” for the United States since 1950. This measure is calculated by showing how many children are born out-of-wedlock or how many children under age 18 experience the divorce of their parents in a particular year compared to the number of newborns coming into our society that year. This ratio gives us a handle on what proportion of a generation experience serious rejection as they grow up. In 1950, for every 100 children born that year, 12 experienced serious rejection: four by being born out-of-wedlock and eight by experiencing the divorce of their parents. By the year 2000, almost 60 children experienced this form of rejection for every 100 children born that year. America has become a nation of rejection.
This chart illustrates a Rejection Ratio that includes abortion, for which reliable numbers became available in the late 1960’s. The black bars indicate the abortion ratio. By the year 2000, we can say that for every 100 children conceived, only about 28 reach age 18 living in an intact family with the mother and father who brought them into existence. America has formed for itself a culture of deep rejection. It has become an extraordinarily dangerous place for children: 72 out of every hundred conceived now experience serious rejection: abortion, out of wedlock birth or the divorce of their parents.
The trend lines are produced here …median income rising slowly for the family despite real GDP growth while levels of belonging in the family decrease. Yet if we look at the capital wealth of families in the United States we will get some indication of where the disparities lie.
The basic tasks of the five institutions are present in all the actors at all stages of life: In the family where (obviously) the children are born and the next generation learns the basics of life from their parents; The child learns to learn and study The child learns the fundamentals about God and the transcendent issues of life The child learns fairness, justice and responsibility for others – basis of citizenship The child learns to work and sees his parents cooperate in work
Other research papers which go into these policy areas in greater detail may be obtained on this web address. Papers by myself, Robert Rector and Kirk Johnson.
For access to thousands of findings from the professional journal literature on the effects of family and of religion on social outcomes go to this web site. www.familyfacts.org