1. RIGHT CORNER >: 1) Write: Name: _, Period: _,
Date: 04/02/12, Topic: Post WW1 China+Japan
LEFT CORNER <: Write “Opener #21” and then:
1) Write 1 high+1 low in last 24 hours
2) Rate your comprehension for this
week’s material so far: lost<1-5>easy
3) Respond to the Opener by writing
at least 1 sentences about:
Your opinions/thoughts OR/AND
Questions sparked by the clip OR/AND
Summary of the clip OR/AND
2. Agenda
1) Post WW1 China + Japan
What you will be able to do:
1) Why did Japan become ultra
nationalist?
Reminder
1) Fieldtrip forms and $8 to fin office!
3. Review
1) Meiji Restoration (1868-1912): Ppl ashamed of
their weakness to the West, overthrow shogun
and place emperor in power. (Emperor Mutsuhitito
takes name of Meiji Emperor “Enlightened”)
2) Fokoku Kyohei: Emperor’s command for the
country: “Rich country, Strong Military”
4. 3) Meiji Reforms:
1) Copied German Gov + Constitution: Treat
people equally, strong rule of law, but emperor
in total control (like the German Kaiser)
2) Send Students/Observers: To all western
countries to learn and copy
3) Gov Targeted Investments: Gov spent tax
money to create biz in key areas, sell off later
4) Modernize Military: With strong economy, buy
western weapons
5) Modernize Economy: Set up mail, railroads,
telegraphs, banks, schools/colleges (esp. tech)
6) Hire Western Experts: Goal of having them
teach Japanese, then send experts away and
have Japanese teach Japanese
5. 4) Opening of Korea (1876): Japan opens Korea
the way Perry opened Japan
5) 1st Sino-Japanese War (1894-95): Fighting for
influence of Korea, Japan wins Taiwan and
Chinese ports near Taiwan (accelerates fall of
Qing Empire)
6. 6) Russo-Japanese War (1904-05): Fighting for
influence of Korea, Japan wins Korea and parts
of Manchuria, wipes out entire Russian fleet (1st
Asian nation to defeat European in modern
times, accelerates fall of the czar)
7. 7) Korean Protectorate (1910-1945): Japan
modernizes Kor. and forces Jap. culture on them.
Some Kor. independence fighters move to U.S.
(Japan also picks up Ger. Asian territory in WWI)
8) March First Movement (3/01/1919): Failed non
violent protest against Japanese rule, 7,000 die.
8.
9. Review
1) Chinese Nationalist Party:
Kuomintang/KMT (1912): Sun’s
attempt to create a party to unify
China, gets help from Russia.
Communist were active members.
2) Chiang Kai Shek (1887-1975): Takes
over KMT after Sun, attempts to
unify China and purge communist.
3) Chinese Communist Party/CCP
(1921): Soviets help found
communist party, unique in based
on farmer support (Maoism). Break
from KMT in 1927
4) Northern Exhibition (1926–1927):
Chiang conquers warlords in north.
10. 5) Chinese Civil War,
Part 1 (1927-1936):
Chiang Kai-shek fights
to purge KMT
nationalist of CCP
communists,
weakening China.
(China’s founder Sun
welcome communist
into KMT to keep
China together and
because Soviets gave
China aid)
11. Notes #21a, Title: “Japanese Militarism Notes”
1) League of Nations: Club of nations to prevent
war, no power (US Pres. Wilson’s idea, US won’t join)
2) Kellogg-Briand Pact (1925): Major nations
incld. Japan, Italy, Germany pledge never to
invade other countries. (World celebrate lasting peace!)
12.
13. Notes #26a, Title: “Japanese Militarism Notes”
3) Taisho Democracy (1920s): Jap. becomes
democratic monarchy. Elected diet (legislature)
holds power.
4) Political Corruption: Giant companies
(zaibatsus) bought influence over politicians
5) Economic Conflict: Recession, global tariffs,
labor conflict over wages (Communism rises)
14. 1920s American Culture: US made $,
lost few ppl in WWI, US culture
dominated the world: jazz+swing
music, sexualized lifestyle, more
individuality
Mobo/Moga (Modern Boy/Modern Girl):
Young Japanese rebel against
traditional culture + adopt Western
ways. Conservatives argued Western
idea weakening Jap. obedience.
6) National Crisis:
a) 1923: Tokyo Earthquake
b) Gov corruption + labor conflict peaks
c) 1929: US/Global Great Depression
15. 7) Ultranationalists: Rise to power with belief
that strong gov (military gov) needed to restore
national power + restore Jap. traditions.
8) Ultranationalist Methods:
a) Assassinate political opposition
b) Use schools to make ppl worship the new
Emperor Hirohito (Emperor symbol for military)
c) Limit political freedom
d) Expand military + conquer land to Jap. ppl
economically (wealth+glory)
16. Notes #26b, Title: “Japanese Militarism Notes”
9) Manchuria Incident (1931): Ultranationalist take
over democracy, military fakes attack on Jap.
railroad in Chinese Manchuria, Jap invades.
10) League of Nations Protest: League has no
tools to punish. Jap. ignores and quits league.
17. Overview 1931-Japan invades Manchuria
33-Hitler takes power
37-Japan reaches mainland
China
38-Appeasement
39-Hitler+Stalin invades Poland
40-Battle of Britain
41-Hitler invades USSR
41-Japan attacks Pearl Harbor
(US joins war)
42-Battle of Stalingrad
Battle of Midway
43-Allies win in Africa
44-D-Day
2/45-Japan inflicts heavy loses
in island campaign (Okinawa)
4/45 Hitler commits suicide
8/45 Atomic bombs, war over!
19. Activ #21a, “Japanese War Debate”
1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write
which you choose and explain why.
2) Then write down what your partner thinks
(include their name at the end).
1 2 3 4 5
PRO: Invade China CON: Do not invade.
1) We need raw materials 1) We can trade for raw
and land for our people materials.
2) If we don’t invade, the
2) Because other nations
Westerners will continue
do wrong, it doesn’t give
to expand, we must
us license to do the same
increase Japan’s power.
3) It is our duty+destiny to 3) We are not helping
civilize Asia Asians by invading them
20. Notes #22a, Title:
“Rape of Nanking”
1) Rape of Nanking
(1937): Jap.
progress slows at
Nanking capitol,
Jap. kill 200,000+
Chinese in
frustration.
21. Activ #22a, “Rape of Nanking Debate”
1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write
which you choose and explain why.
2) Then write down what your partner thinks
(include their name at the end).
1 2 3 4 5
PRO: Doesn’t Need to be CON: Needs to be Taught
Taught 1) 200,000+ civilians died,
1) It was one specific to say it’s just a minor
incident, not incident insults those
representative of the who died
Japanese people
2) The more violent it is,
2) It’s too violent to teach the more we need to
remember, so not to
repeat it
22. Acitv #22b, Title “Rape of Nanking”
Individually read each, and answer:
1-4) Write down what you consider the main
idea/event of each document (rotate through all 4):
Schooling, Killing Contest, Torture, Psychology
Then with your group come up with a group answer:
5) Why did the Rape of Nanking happen? (Insight
into Humanity)
6) Japan calls 1937 the “Nanking Incident,” is it
important that Japan acknowledge their actions?
7) Should Japan now in 2009 apologize and pay
reparations (compensation) for surviving victims, if
so how much?
8) Can this happen anywhere AND how can we
23. “We learn these difficult events because societies ‘who
do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it.’
By being witness of our past, we can pledge ‘never
again’ so that they did not die in vain.”
24. Title “Video: Nanking Incident”
1) Copy Source Title: Rape of
Nanking
2…) Discuss questions on the board
with a partner. Summarize your
discussion (include their name at the
end). Remember participation points
are deducted if off task.
5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Work Sections
25. Violence begins with indifference. Indifference is not
hate, it’s not caring. When there is indifference, there
is violence.
26.
27. To prevent evil,
one has to know evil.
Stages to the Descent of Humanity
Stage 1: Dehumanize the target
31. Title “Video: Nanking Incident”
1) Copy Source Title: City of Life and
Death
2…) Discuss questions on the board
with a partner. Summarize your
discussion (include their name at the
end). Remember participation points
are deducted if off task.
5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Work Sections
32. Violence begins with indifference. Indifference is not
hate, it’s not caring. When there is indifference, there
is violence.
33. Review
1) Manchuria Incident (1931): Ultranationalist take over
democracy, military fakes attack on Jap. railroad in
Chinese Manchuria, Jap invades.
2) League of Nations Protest: League has no tools to
punish. Jap. ignores and quits league.
3) Japan Invades Rest of China (1937): KMT forced to
join with CCP to fight Japan.
4) Rape of Nanking (1937): Jap. progress slows at
Nanking capitol, Jap. kill 200,000+ Chinese in
frustration.
35. Notes #22b, Title: “WWII: Asia”
1) South East Asia’s Lure: Japan needed raw
materials from British + French colonies
36. 2) 12/07/1941: Pearl Harbor: Japan decl. war on US,
Ger. decl. war on US (12/11). (US won’t open
Western Front in France, Stalin thinks on purpose)
37. Activ #22b, “Pearl Harbor Debate”
1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write
which you choose and explain why.
2) Then write down what your partner thinks
(include their name at the end).
1 2 3 4 5
PRO: Attack US CON: End Expansion
1) When we take S. Asia 4 1) We have gained
materials, US will decl war enough land, if we stop
now, we won’t need more
2) A surprise attack will
raw materials
cripple US long enough
for Japan to gain enough 2) No matter how
land to be a position to successful the attack, US
negotiate a peace with US will out last us in the end
38. Notes #22c, Title: “WWII: Asia”
3) 12/1941-5/1942: Japanese Expansion: Japanese
win every battle
39. 4) 5/1942: Battle of Coral Sea: Fought purely by
aircraft, first Jap. “defeat.” Jap. Both lose 1
carrier.
5) 6/1942: Battle of Midway: Jap loss 4 carriers, US 1
Tides turned.
40. Review: 7/1942: Battle of Stalingrad: Bogged in
street fighting, 2 mil die (deadliest battle in history)
USSR surrounds + captures 500,000. Tides turned.
43. 7) 10/1944: Battle of Leyte Gulf: Jap. employ+lose
every last ship, 1st kamikazes used, only Jap. army
left (largest naval battle in history: Jap. lose 4
carriers, 3 battleships, 8 cruisers, 12 destroyers)
44. Review: 4/1945: Invasion of Berlin:
a) USSR reaches Berlin first, followed by US+UK.
b) Hitler commits suicide: VE Day: 5/08/1945
c) 100,000 Germans raped by USSR troops
(USSR never punished for this)
d) Capital Berlin divided in 4: US/UK/USSR/France
45. 8) All of 1945: Japanese Firebombing: US bombs
Jap. cities, 80,000 to 100,000 each run.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50. "They set to work at once sowing the sky with fire."
51. 6/4/1945 Issue of Newsweek:
"Six weeks ago Tokyo had a population of
nearly 7,000,000. Last week the Japs cried
that Tokyo no longer existed as a city.
Using new techniques and new bombs, the
largest fleets of B-29s ever to take the air
and turned most of the Japanese capital
into ashes in two great strikes on May 24
and 26....For 105 minutes the
Superfortresses filed over and dropped
700,000 incendiary bombs. ”
52. Title “Video: Firebombing”
1) Copy Source Title: Graves of the
Fireflies
2…) Discuss questions on the board
with a partner. Summarize your
discussion (include their name at the
end). Remember participation points
are deducted if off task.
5 Reading/Film Qs Come From These Work Sections
53. Notes #22b, Title: “WWII: Asia”
9) 2-4/1945: Battle of Iwo Jima + Okinawa: US
invasion of Jap. home islands, only Jap. army left,
but suicidal resistance (30-80% US casualty rate).
54. “I hear that the
enemy is boasting of
his demand for
unconditional
surrender of Japan.
Unconditional
surrender means
that our national
structure and our
people will be
destroyed. Against
such boastful talk
there is only one
measure we must
take, to fight to the
last.” –Pr. Suzuki,
55. Activ #22c, “Atomic Debate 1”
1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write
which you choose and explain why.
2) Then write down what your partner thinks
(include their name at the end).
1 2 3 4 5
PRO: Use A-bomb CON: Don’t Use A-bomb
1) Using the bomb will 1) Jap. is surrounded and
prevent the need of an starving, we can win
invasion of Japan that will without it
cost more lives on both
2) To be 1st to use such a
sides
awful weapon is not
2) We need to show USSR what’s good for US’
we aren’t afraid of them image and future
(our next enemy)
56. Notes #22c, Title: “End of WWII”
10) 7/1945: Atomic Bomb: New US Pres. Truman
notified $2 bil (08: $25 bil) bomb project successful
57. Notes #22c, Title: “End of WWII”
11) 1945: Cold War Begins: As Axis falls, fear of USSR
(Communism) rise. USSR likely to keep control of
any land they invade (nukes a msg to the Russians)
58. Activ #22d, “Atomic Debate 2”
1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write
which you choose and explain why.
2) Then write down what your partner thinks
(include their name at the end).
1 2 3 4 5
PRO: Drop Over City CON: Drop Over Isolated
1) We need to show we Area
mean business. To warn 1) They can get the msg
or to drop elsewhere will by watching.
not carry the full effect.
2) We can end the war
2) USSR will think the US without costing anyone
is weak. more lives.
59.
60. Notes #22d, Title: “End of WWII”
12) 8/06/1945: Hiroshima: Warned of “utter
destruction” if no surrender, no response, 140,000
die.
61. Activ #22e, “Atomic Debate 3”
1) Read the 2 sides, choose 1 side, and write
which you choose and explain why.
2) Then write down what your partner thinks
(include their name at the end).
1 2 3 4 5
PRO: Drop Second CON: Don’t Drop Second
1) They still didn’t 1) They only had 3 days
surrender, USSR getting to consider.
close, we don’t want to
2) We can end the war
share Japan.
without costing anyone
2) We need the USSR to more lives.
think we have more, not
just (though we really
didn’t have more than 2)
62. “We are in possession of the most destructive
explosive ever devised by man. A single one of
our newly developed atomic bombs is actually
the equivalent in explosive power to what
2000 of our giant B-29s can carry on a single
mission. This awful fact is one for you to
ponder and we solemnly assure you it is
grimly accurate. We have just begun to use
this weapon against your homeland. If you
still have any doubt, make inquiry as to what
happened to Hiroshima… we ask that you
now petition the Emperor to end the war. Our
president has outlined for you the thirteen
consequences of an honorable surrender.”
63. Reflection #20 (place at the end of today’s work)
Pick the 1 most important thing you
learned today to share with your partner.
1) Write down the main idea of
today.
(include their name).
2) Summarize Mr. Chiang’s closing
remarks
64. Homework:
1) Study today’s notes + activity
sections for a possible
Notes/Activity Quiz.
2) Follow your reading schedule
